scholarly journals Influence of growth stimulants and microfertilizers on the productivity of Carthamus tinctorius in the steppe zone of the Saratov Right Bank

2021 ◽  
pp. 24-39
Author(s):  
Ivan Vladimirovich Milovanov ◽  
Evgeniy Viktorovich Kandalov ◽  
Viktor Bisengalievich Narushev ◽  
Rima Zhambulovna Kozhagalieva
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Carthamus Tinctorius ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Net Productivity ◽  
Growth Stimulator ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential ◽  
Sowing Seed

In the course of the research, it was found  out that the highest rates of photosynthetic activity of Carthamus tinctorius were noted in the variant where pre-sowing treatment of seeds with a growth stimulator zircon + treatment of crops in the budding phase with siliplant microfertilizer was carried out. In this variant, the leaf area of  the best variety Ershovsky 4 was 35.3 thousand m2 / ha, dry aboveground biomass - 7.49 t / ha, photosynthetic potential - 1941 thousand m2 / ha·day; net productivity of photosynthesis - 3.86 g / m2·day. On average for 2018–2020, the highest yield of safflower oilseeds of the Ershovsky 4 variety reached 1.89 t / ha. The highest (1.74 t / ha) average annual yield of safflower oilseeds of Astrakhanskiy 747 variety was also obtained using a similar option. To ensure a consistently high productivity of Carthamus tinctorius  agrocenoses in the arid conditions of the steppe zone of the Saratov Right Bank, it is recommended to expand the cultivation areas of the most adapted variety Ershovsky 4, using pre-sowing seed treatment with a zircon growth stimulator (30 ml / t) and processing crops in the budding phase with siliplant micronutrient fertilization (1 , 0 l / ha).

scholarly journals Soybean production using growth stimulants

2020 ◽  
Vol 17 ◽  
pp. 00009
Author(s):  
Ramis N. Saniev ◽  
Alexey V. Vasin ◽  
N.V. Vasina ◽  
Anatoly N. Prosandeev ◽  
Elena S. Makarova
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Treatment Options ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Soybean Seedlings ◽  
Plant Safety ◽  
Two Component ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Sowing Seed

The results of scientific research on the use of growth stimulators for the pre-sowing treatment of seeds and soybean crops in the forest-steppe zone of the Middle Volga are described. The results of 2016–2018 studies are presented. Plant safety indicators, photosynthetic activity and soybean yield for different treatment options are assessed. The use of two-component preparations increases soybean seedlings up to 58.5 pcs/m2. The maximum leaf area is formed when Risotorfin and Raikat Start are applied for the pre-sowing seed treatment. Due to the use of Raikat Start, the maximum grain harvest is 1.27 t/ha when treating crops with a microfertilizer mixture Megamix Profi in the 3–5 leaf phase + budding.

scholarly journals PHOTOSYNTHETIC ACTIVITY OF VEGETABLE PEAS DEPENDING ON VARIETY FEATURES, LIMITATION OF SOIL AND NUTRITIONAL SYSTEM

2020 ◽  
pp. 42-50
Keyword(s):  
Growth And Development ◽  
Plant Nutrition ◽  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Mineral Fertilizers ◽  
Foliar Fertilization ◽  
Whole Process ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential ◽  
Sowing Seed

It is known that the growth and development of plants, including vegetable peas, depend on the presence and assimilation of nutrients by plants from the soil and their photosynthesis. With the deterioration of the stages of the process of one of the components changes the passage and functions of the other, which are one whole process of plant nutrition. Conducting the research, on average, during the period of full germination-technical maturity in the control variant with the application of mineral fertilizers N30P60K60, and pre-sowing treatment of seeds with rhizotorphin photosynthetic potential in pea varieties Skinado and Somerwood was 2.039 and 2.254 million m2 / day. While pre-sowing treatment of seeds with microfertilizer Vuxal Extra CoMo against the background of mineral fertilizers N30P60K60 and pre-sowing treatment of seeds with Rhizobophit in pea varieties Skinado and Somerwood compared to the control photosynthetic potential increased by 0.472 and 0.530 million m² di. The maximum indicators of photosynthetic potential in the varieties Skinado - 3,078 and Somerwood - 3,427 million m² days / ha were obtained on the variant of the experiment, where liming was carried out (1.0 norms per hectare) against the background of mineral fertilizers N30P60K60 and pre-sowing seed treatment Rhizobophit and microfertilizer Vuxal Extra CoMo and applied foliar fertilization with microfertilizers Vuxal Microplant during vegetative growth and Vuxal Calcium, Boron during budding. Depending on liming and foliar feeding the increase in dry matter reaches its maximum in the phase of technical maturity This is 1.020 and 1.173 million m² / day more than in the control. In the same variant, the maximum rates of dry matter growth were observed in Skinado varieties - 6.23 and Somerwood - 7.39 t / ha, which is 1.42 and 1.43 t / ha more than in the control.

THE PRODUCTIVITY OF PEAS BY GROWTH STIMULATORS FERTIGRAIN APPLICATION

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Вершинина ◽  
Oksana Vershinina ◽  
Васин ◽  
Vasiliy Vasin
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Exchange Energy ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Net Productivity ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential ◽  
Middle Volga ◽  
Feed Protein

The purpose of research is the development of peas productivity increasing ways in the conditions of Middle Volga forest steppe. Results of researches during 2013-2015 with an assessment of photosynthetic activity indexes, structure of harvest, productivity and fodder advantages of peas by different methods of crops preseeding processing and are given by biogrowth factors Noktin and Fertigrain. The largest square of leaves 45.0-47.4 thousand sq.m/ha is formed in a phase of blossoming peas on options at an inoculation of seeds by Rizotorfin and Rizotorfin + Fertigrain Start with after-treatment of crops with biostimulator Fertigrain Foliar in a phase of 4-6 leaves. Photosynthetic potential of crops for vegetation was made without processing of seeds and crops on vegetation of 1.275 million sq.m/ha in a days, when processing seeds preparations Fertigrain Start it raises to 1.305 million sq.m/ha in a days. Net productivity of a photosynthesis reaches maximum in options with processing of seeds Noktin + Fertigrain Start and Rizotorfin + Fertigrain Start and processing of crops on vegetation with an index 4.00-4.09 g/m2 days. The conducted researches showed that all options of processings of seeds and crops increase the efficiency of peas. The greatest productivity of peas 2.04 t/ha and 2.12 t/ha is reached on the crops processed with preparation Fertigrain Foliar in budding phase against processing of seeds preparations Rizotorfin + Fertigrain Start and Noktin + Fertigrain Start. These options differ also in the best fodder advantages with collecting nonvolatile solid 1.82-1.90 t/ha, the feed protein units 2.32-2.41 thousand/ha and an exit of an exchange energy 23.35 - 24.27 GDzh/ha. Results of the conducted researches Noktin and Fertigrain allow todraw the conclusion for application effectiveness of preseeding inoculation of seeds and processing of crops vegetation by preparations.

scholarly journals Photosynthesis parameters of oil crops (Brassicaceae family)

2020 ◽  
pp. 34-37
Author(s):  
Tatyana Yakovlevna Prakhova ◽  
Anna Nikolaevna Kshnikatkina ◽  
Galina Viktorovna Ilyina ◽  
Batyr Zainullinovich Shagiev
Keyword(s):  
Leaf Area ◽  
Net Photosynthesis ◽  
White Mustard ◽  
Potential Productivity ◽  
High Productivity ◽  
Net Productivity ◽  
Flowering Phase ◽  
False Flax ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential

The results of studying the parameters of photosynthetic activity of oilseeds (false flax, Abyssinian crumbe and white mustard) are presented. So, in the phase of the rosette, the assimilation surface was 11.2-21.8 thousand m2 per hectare. The smallest leaf area of  11.2 thousand m2 per hectare  was formed in the Abyssinian crambe agrocenosis. During the budding phase, the leaf area of  the crambe doubled and amounted to 22.3 thousand m2 per hectare. The leaf surface of all studied oilseeds reaches its maximum value in the flowering phase - 42.4-52.1 thousand m2 per hectare. In white mustard, the minimum leaf area was in the rosette phase - 21.8 thousand m2 per hectare, the maximum - in the flowering phase - 44.2 thousand m2 per hectare. Then the total assimilation surface decreased by 29.5% and amounted to 31.2 thousand m2 per hectare. The value of photosynthetic potential   ranged from 1594 to 1964 thousand m2 × day per hectare. The maximum value of photosynthetic potential was in Abyssinian crambe - 1964 thousand m2 × day per hectare, the minimum one - in false flax - 1594 thousand m2 × day per hectare. The high productivity of photosynthesis was in Abyssinian crambe (2.52 g / m2 × day). White mustard and false flax are characterized by slightly lower parameters of the net productivity of photosynthesis - 2.07 and 1.98 g / m2 × day, respectively. A longer period of the assimilation surface of false flax, white mustard and Abyssinian crambe plants provides high net photosynthesis productivity - 1.98-2.52 g / m2 × day and, as a result, high potential productivity up to 2.11-3.05 t / ha.

Intensive technology of cultivation of sweet pepper under drop irrigation in the conditions of Dagestan

2020 ◽  
pp. 12-16
Author(s):  
Diana Magomedova ◽  
Serazhutdin Kurbanov ◽  
Dolgat Ramazanov
Keyword(s):  
Sugar Content ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Sweet Pepper ◽  
Production Costs ◽  
Utilization Rate ◽  
Net Productivity ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Dry Steppe ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential ◽  
The Republic

In the dry steppe zone of the Tersko-Sulak sub-province of the Republic of Dagestan, a positive effect of drip irrigation against the background of heap tillage on the yield and quality of sweet pepper fruits was established. The effectiveness of maintaining the pre-irrigation threshold for soil moisture not less than 80 % of HB in the root-inhabited layer in combination with dump tillage to a depth of 0.23…0.25 m proved. This combination provides fruit yield at the level of 60…62 t/ha with an increase in sugar content and content Vitamin C compared to fine processing. The data obtained indicate the inappropriateness of the use of fine processing sweet pepper at 0.10…0.12 m under irrigated conditions, which leads to a deterioration in agrophysical and phytosanitary indicators of fertility. In particular, the soil density increases by 0.05…0.08 t/m3, the number of water-resistant aggregates decreases by 7 %, water permeability decreases by 22 % and the coefficient of water resistance increases by more than 2 times weed plantings and potential soil weed. Determined that out of the three studied constant pre-irrigation thresholds of humidity of the root layer (70, 80 and 90 % LMC), the best conditions for plant growth and development are formed at 80 % LMC: photosynthetic potential increases by 12 %, photosynthesis net productivity by 20.9 %, the efficiency of photosynthetically active radiation to 1.02 %, a decrease in the utilization rate of irrigation water by 28.3 % (70.3 m3/t). In order to maintaining a pre-irrigation moisture threshold of at least 80 % LMC, irrigations with a norm of 216 m3/ha carried out, after-planting irrigation of seedlings with an irrigation norm of 65 m3/ha with an average irrigation rate of 4384 m3/ha The combination of pre-irrigation threshold in a layer of 0.5 m 80 % LMC and dump processing provides a return on production costs of 173.1 % with a payback period of 1 year.

Cultivation practices improving yield and grain quality of spring barley

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
П. Бугаев ◽  
С. Абдельхамид
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Grain Quality ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Mineral Nitrogen ◽  
Protein Accumulation ◽  
Affected Plant ◽  
Germination Ability ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential

Обсуждаются результаты исследований о влиянии совместного применения протравителя Поларис и микроудобрения Силиплант, а также различных видов удобрений на фотосинтетическую деятельность посевов, урожайность и качество урожая ячменя. Выявлено, что применение протравителя Поларис для обработки семян позволило повысить всхожесть в поле в среднем на 3,9, а обработка семян баковой смесью Полариса и микроудобрения Силиплант увеличила полевую всхожесть на 21,3 по сравнению с контролем и на 17,4 по сравнению с обработкой семян только Поларисом. Показана положительная роль Органика и органоминерального удобрения ЭкоФус на выживаемость растений к уборке, где применение препарата Органик обеспечило повышение выживаемости на 8,19,5, а обработка посевов органоминеральным удобрением ЭкоФус увеличило выживаемость на 11,813,5 по сравнению с контролем. Обработка семян баковой смесью Силипланта с Поларисом и внесение органоминерального удобрения Экофус оказало положительное влияние на формирование фотосинтетического потенциала, который составил 1200,3 тыс. м2/гадн, что на 227,3 тыс. м2/гадн больше, чем в варианте с необработанными семенами. Баковая смесь Силипланта с Поларисом повысила урожайность ячменя в среднем за 2 года на 0,65 т/га по сравнению с контролем, на 0,34 т/га по сравнению с Силиплантом и на 0,17 т/га по сравнению с Поларисом. В среднем за 2 года наибольшая урожайность ячменя Михайловский была получена в варианте с применением ЭкоФуса (2 л/га) 4,58 т/га, что на 1,03 т/га больше, чем в контроле, на 0,33 т/га больше, чем при внесении минерального азота, и на 0,17 т/га больше, чем при внесении препарата Органик. В условиях достаточного увлажнения в 2017 году наибольший урожай ячменя был получен при внесении Органика и органоминерального удобрения ЭкоФус и составил соответственно 5,11 и 5,89 т/га. В условиях недостатка влаги в 2018 году более высокий урожай получен при внесении минерального азота 4,05 т/га. Содержание белка в зерне в большей степени повышалось при внесении минерального азота N50, причём при недостатке влаги отмечалось более существенное увеличение белка, тогда как при внесении органоминерального удобрения ЭкоФус отмечена тенденция к снижению содержания белка в зерне ячменя, что очень важно для пивоваренного ячменя. This article deals with effects of disinfectant Polaris, microfertilizer Siliplant and other fertilizers on barley photosynthetic activity, productivity and grain quality. Application of Polaris improved germination ability by 3.9 while use of Polaris and Siliplant together by 21.3. Fertilizers Organik and EkoFus increased plant viability by 8.19.5 and 11.813.5, respectively. Seed treatment with Siliplant and Polaris and fertilization by EkoFus positively affected plant photosynthetic potential that amounted to 1200.3 thousand m2 days ha1, exceeding the control by 227.3 thousand m2 days ha1. For 2 years Siliplant and Polaris improved barley productivity by 0.65 t ha1 compared to the control, 0.34 t ha1 compared to Siliplant and 0.17 t ha1 compared to Polaris. The highest productivity happened under EkoFus application (4.58 t ha1) exceeding the control by 1.03 t ha1, mineral nitrogen by 0.33 t ha1, and Organik treatment by 0,17 t ha1. Under sufficient water content barley Mikhaylovskiy yielded the best under Organik and EkoFus application (5.11 and 5.89 t ha1, respectively). Under water deficit mineral nitrogen was more effective providing yield of 4.05 t ha1. Fertilization with N50 resulted in the highest increase of protein content in grain. EkoFus caused decrease in protein accumulation.

scholarly journals EFFECT OF PEAT BRIQUETTES ON THE FORMATION OF CUCUMBER SEEDLINGS IN INTENSIVE LIGHT CULTURE

2018 ◽  
pp. 98-103
Author(s):  
O. R. Udalova ◽  
G. G. Panova ◽  
L. M. Anikina
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Physiological State ◽  
Volume Density ◽  
Plant Leaves ◽  
Cucumber Seedlings ◽  
Essential Condition ◽  
Net Productivity ◽  
Leaf Surface Area ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential ◽  
Plant Seedlings

Obtaining high-quality seedlings is an essential condition for growing vegetables in modern cultivation facilities of protected ground. The influence of the composition and properties of peat briquettes on the growth and development of hybrid F1 of cucumber Zozulya seedlings, indicators of plant leaves photosynthetic activity, their net productivity in cultivation under controlled conditions of intensive light culture were investigated. It is shown how the change in the composition of peat briquettes affects their hydrophysical properties: volume, density, moisture absorbing capacity, etc., which is reflected in the state of cucumber seedlings. Thus, for the grown cucumber seedlings, peat briquettes had more favorable hydrophysical properties, which included, in addition to neutralized peat, Cambrian clay, separately or in combination with straw in the amount of 10% of the peat volume, or with sapropel. The moisture absorbing capacity in the considered peat briquettes was optimal for growing plants in conditions of intensive light culture and ranged from 617 to 774%. Optimization of the hydrophysical properties of peat briquettes was positively reflected in the photosynthetic activity of the leaves. The photosynthetic potential increased by 20-29%, the leaf surface area – by 19-40%; net productivity of plants photosynthesis – by 0.6-3.2 g/m2 per day, which eventually led to the formation of plants with a higher biomass – by 10-48%. An increase in the content of straw in the peat briquette to 20% led to a decrease in the moisture absorbing capacity of the peat briquette, which contributed to a certain deterioration in the physiological state of plants and, as a consequence, to a tendency towards to reduce the mass of plant seedlings.

scholarly journals Photosynthetic Potential Of Spring Barley Plants In The Steppe Zone

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (2) ◽  
pp. 62-68
Author(s):  
Sergey Masliiov ◽  
Natalia Korzhova
Keyword(s):  
Ammonium Nitrate ◽  
Leaf Area ◽  
Mineral Nutrition ◽  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Spring Barley ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Simultaneous Application ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential

Today, an increase in the real potential of grain crops, including spring barley, is a necessary condition for elements of crop cultivation technologies. Therefore, given the limited resource potential of spring barley crops, their fastidiousness to the soil, considerable attention should be paid to the photosynthetic potential of plants and the standardised application of mineral fertilisers. The aim of the study was to improve the elements of the technology of growing promising varieties of spring barley by establishing the mineral nutrition effect on the photosynthetic activity of plants in the conditions of the Luhanska Oblast. This study provides examples of improving some technologies for growing promising varieties of spring barley and determines the optimal norms for applying mineral nutrition to ensure the high photosynthetic potential of these plants in the climatic conditions of the steppe zone of Ukraine. It was found that the use of ammonium nitrate had a positive effect on the leaf area, increasing it by 1-2.2 thousand m2 /ha compared to the control for all varieties studied. The combined use of diammonium phosphate and ammonium nitrate contributed to an increase in the leaf area by 2-4. 4 thousand m2 /ha compared to the control variant. Simultaneous application of ActiBION increased the total leaf area for all samples studied by 3.8-6.4 thousand m2 /ha. The best indicators among the studied varieties were observed on the six-row variety Helios and the double-row variety Stalker. The six-row variety Vakula and the two-row variety Adapt showed slightly lower results. Further research implies the study of the influence of photosynthetic activity of promising varieties of spring barley on crop productivity in the steppe zone of Ukraine. The findings can be recommended for production as one of the elements in the technology of growing spring barley in the climatic conditions of the Luhanska Oblast

scholarly journals Photosynthetic activity of grain sorghum crops depending on the method of sowing seeds

2020 ◽  
Vol 1 (97) ◽  
pp. 61-71
Author(s):  
L.A. Pravdyva
Keyword(s):  
Photosynthetic Activity ◽  
Plant Density ◽  
Leaf Surface ◽  
Grain Sorghum ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Raw Material ◽  
Forest Steppe ◽  
Row Spacing ◽  
Net Productivity ◽  
Photosynthetic Potential

Grain sorghum is a drought-resistant crop and forms a high grain productivity and biomass as a raw material for the production of bioethanol and solid fuel in difficult soil and climatic conditions. The aim of the research was to establish the influence of sowing seeds method of the grain sorghum varieties on the photosynthetic activity of crops in the conditions of the Right-Bank Forest-Steppe of Ukraine. Methods. Field, laboratory, mathematical and statistical. Results. It has been proved that the leaf surface area of grain sorghum plants reached its maximum during the period of "throwing out panicles - flowering". It was the largest when sowing with a row spacing of 45 cm and at a plant density of 150 thousand units/ha – 34.8 thousand m2/ha for the Dniprovsky 39 variety and 32.7 thousand m2/ha for the Vinets variety. With the standing density of 200 thousand pieces/ha, the Dniprovsky 39 variety has 37.8 thousand m2/ha, the Vinets variety – 35.6 thousand m2/ha and with the density of 250 thousand pieces/ha, respectively 38.2 and 36.9 thousand m2/ha. The photosynthetic potential also changed depending on the size of the assimilation surface during the growing season. It was the highest when sowing seeds with a row spacing of 45 cm and amounted to 1.13–1.29 million m2/ha for the Dniprovsky 39 variety and 1.10–1.22 million m2/ha for the Vinets variety. When sowing with the row spacing of 15 cm, this indicator was 0.86–1.07 million m2/ha for the Dniprovsky 39 variety and 0.84–1.09 million m2/ha for the Vinets variety. When sowing grain sorghum seeds with the row spacing of 70 cm, the photosynthetic potential was 0.83–1.03 million m2/ha and 0.78–0.95 million m2/ha, respectively. An increase in the plant density from 150 to 250 thousand pieces/ha of grain sorghum contributed to an increase not only in the assimilation leaf surface, but also in the photosynthetic potential. The high net productivity of photosynthesis was observed when sowing seeds with the row spacing of 45 cm and for the Dniprovsky 39 variety it was in the range of 3.36–3.94 g/m2 per day, for the Vinets variety — 3.32–3.81 g/m2 in day. Conclusions. It was found that with a change in the feeding area of grain sorghum plants, the assimilation surface of leaves, photosynthetic potential and net productivity of photosynthesis change.

Improvement of separate elements of the techno-logy of cultivation of white cabbage in the conditions of the of the central region of the non-chernozem zone

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
A.V. Konstantinovich ◽  
◽  
A.S. Kuracheva ◽  
E.D. Binkevich
Keyword(s):  
Seed Treatment ◽  
Unit Area ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Agricultural Products ◽  
Stress Factors ◽  
High Quality ◽  
Temperature And Precipitation ◽  
White Cabbage ◽  
Sowing Seed

In conditions of climate change, when temperature and precipitation fluctuations occur more and more frequently during the growing season, it is necessary to obtain high quality seedlings with "immunity" to various stress factors, including high weediness, the damage from which is associated with a decrease in yield (by 25 -35%) and with a deterioration in the quality of agricultural products. Due to the imbalance in production technology, seedlings are often weakened, overgrown, with a low yield per unit area and survival rate in the field. One of the solutions to this problem is the use of PP for pre-sowing seed treatment to increase the competitiveness of seedlings in the field.

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