scholarly journals The Code and Politics of Drupal and the Pirate Bay: Alternative Horizons of Web2.0

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fenwick McKelvey
Keyword(s):  
File Sharing ◽  
Content Management ◽  
Digital Code ◽  
Political Movement ◽  
Ernesto Laclau ◽  
Management Platform ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Contemporary Politics ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Pirate Bay

Code politics investigates the implications of digital code to contemporary politics. Recent developments on the web, known as web2.0, have attracted the attention of the field. The thesis contributes to the literature by developing a theoretical approach to web2.0 platforms as social structures and by contributing two cases of web2.0 structurations: Drupal, a content management platform, and The Pirate Bay, a file sharing website and political movement. Adapting the work of Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe on articulation theory, the thesis studies the code and politics of the two cases. The Drupal case studies the complex interactions between humans and code, and addresses how Drupal functions as an empty platform allowing its users to reconstitute its digital code. The Pirate Bay case demonstrates how a political movement uses code as part of their political platform. Not only does the group advocate file sharing, they allow thousands of people across the world to share information freely. At a time, when most web2.0 platforms act as forces of capitalism, the two cases demonstrate alternative, commons-based structurations of web2.0.

scholarly journals The Code and Politics of Drupal and the Pirate Bay: Alternative Horizons of Web2.0

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fenwick McKelvey
Keyword(s):  
File Sharing ◽  
Content Management ◽  
Digital Code ◽  
Political Movement ◽  
Ernesto Laclau ◽  
Management Platform ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Contemporary Politics ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Pirate Bay

Code politics investigates the implications of digital code to contemporary politics. Recent developments on the web, known as web2.0, have attracted the attention of the field. The thesis contributes to the literature by developing a theoretical approach to web2.0 platforms as social structures and by contributing two cases of web2.0 structurations: Drupal, a content management platform, and The Pirate Bay, a file sharing website and political movement. Adapting the work of Ernesto Laclau and Chantal Mouffe on articulation theory, the thesis studies the code and politics of the two cases. The Drupal case studies the complex interactions between humans and code, and addresses how Drupal functions as an empty platform allowing its users to reconstitute its digital code. The Pirate Bay case demonstrates how a political movement uses code as part of their political platform. Not only does the group advocate file sharing, they allow thousands of people across the world to share information freely. At a time, when most web2.0 platforms act as forces of capitalism, the two cases demonstrate alternative, commons-based structurations of web2.0.

Policing of Movie and Music Piracy

2013 ◽  
pp. 1144-1161
Author(s):  
Johnny Nhan ◽  
Alesandra Garbagnati
Keyword(s):  
File Sharing ◽  
Law Firms ◽  
Cultural Conflicts ◽  
The Public ◽  
Security Models ◽  
P2p File Sharing ◽  
Long Run ◽  
One Year ◽  
Pirate Bay

Ongoing skirmishes between mainstream Hollywood entertainment conglomerates and Peer-to-Peer (P2P) file-sharing networks recently reached a crescendo when a Swedish court convicted members of the world’s largest BitTorrent, The Pirate Bay, and handed out the stiffest sentence to date.1 Four operators of The Pirate Bay received one year imprisonments and fines totaling $30 million, including confiscation of equipment. While this verdict sent shockwaves amongst P2P networks, piracy remains rampant, and this incident further exacerbated relations between file sharers and Hollywood. In retaliation, supporters of P2P file-sharing attacked websites of the law firms representing the Hollywood studios (Johnson, 2009). This victory by Hollywood studios may be a Pyrrhic defeat in the long run if the studios do not soften their antagonistic relations with the public. This chapter explores structural and cultural conflicts amongst security actors that make fighting piracy extremely difficult. In addition, it considers the role of law enforcement, government, industries, and the general public in creating long-term security models.

Change or Continuity in Cultures?

2019 ◽  
pp. 194-213
Author(s):  
Robert M. Fishman
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Change ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Cultural Continuity ◽  
Continuity And Change ◽  
Contemporary Politics ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
Theoretical Question

This chapter poses the large theoretical question of what generates cultural change or continuity, and provides examples of both patterns in the cases examined in the book. The large-scale program of commemorations of Portugal’s Carnation Revolution is treated in depth, taking it as an example of a mechanism providing for cultural continuity in that post-revolutionary polity. Obviously, revolution itself contributed earlier to cultural change in that case. In the Spanish case efforts to promote cultural change during the Zapatero years, in the 15-M movement, and more recently in contemporary politics are taken up. The analysis searches for mechanisms of cultural change but also offers observations on why it is typically difficult for efforts at cultural change to achieve success as broad as that to be found in revolutionary Portugal. Complex combinations of continuity and change are also taken up. Recent developments in both Spain and Portugal are examined.

Discourse theory in populism research

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (4) ◽  
pp. 523-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yannis Stavrakakis
Keyword(s):  
Political Orientation ◽  
Discourse Theory ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Donald Trump ◽  
Far Right ◽  
Research Material ◽  
Contemporary Politics ◽  
Significant Research ◽  
Recent Developments ◽  
The One

Abstract ‘Populism’ constitutes one of the most hotly debated topics in contemporary politics and academia. The concept is used to describe a series of heterogeneous phenomena: on the one hand, Donald Trump, BREXIT supporters and the European Far Right in government or in opposition; on the other, Bernie Sanders, the so-called Pink Tide of left-wing populist governments in Latin America and inclusionary populisms in the European South. Recent developments have undoubtedly generated significant research material and a new impetus to the scope and impact of populism research. However, major challenges have also been created, requiring urgent attention. This paper discusses three such challenges (reflexivity, definition, typology) from a discursive perspective. Starting from a double hermeneutic focus on the interaction between academic theorization and political orientation, it highlights the importance of discourse theory in populism research and concludes by formulating a crucial theoretico-political dilemma populism researchers are increasingly facing today.

scholarly journals A Wireless Internet of Things Architecture Based on Mobile Internet

2017 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 132
Author(s):  
Bing Zhou
Keyword(s):  
Internet Of Things ◽  
Database System ◽  
Content Management ◽  
Mobile Internet ◽  
System Response ◽  
The Internet ◽  
Wireless Internet ◽  
Management Platform ◽  
Internet Of Things Technology ◽  
The Internet Of Things

<p><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-family: Times New Roman;">In order to develop a valid wireless Internet of things system, a wireless Internet of things framework based on mobile Internet is designed. The architecture of the Internet of things determines the architecture of the Internet of things business platform. There is no uniform standard for the architecture of the Internet of things service platform. The Internet of things business platform is mostly in an isolated state. The platform uses the common information management platform of Internet websites to manage mobile internet. Combined with the technologies of perception, identification and network transmission in the Internet of things technology, it is a content management Web management information system with both B/S (Browser/Server) and C/S structure (Client/Server). The platform can operate anywhere, and can give full play to the processing capacity of the client PC, and greatly reduce the application server running data load. The experimental results show that compared with the centralized database system, in the same piece of redundant condition, when the test table data is greater than the 1 million and the concurrent number is 100, the distributed database system has shorter concurrent query time and faster system response rate. Based on the above finding, it is concluded that wireless Internet of things technology based on mobile Internet will promote the development of the whole logistics industry and other related industries.</span></span></p>

scholarly journals Analysis of the Structure and Evolution of an Open-Source Community

2011 ◽  
Vol 11 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao-Yun Huang ◽  
Qize Le ◽  
Jitesh H. Panchal
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Content Management ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Scale Free ◽  
Management Platform ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Free Network ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Product Realization ◽  
Open Source Communities

Open-source processes are based on the paradigm of self-organized communities as opposed to the traditional hierarchical teams. These processes have not only been successful in the software development domain but are also increasingly being used in the development of physical products. In order to successfully adapt open-source processes to product realization, there is a need to understand how open-source communities self-organize and how this impacts the development of products. Toward the direction of fulfilling this need, we present an analysis of an existing open-source community involved in developing a web-based content-management platform, Drupal. The approach is based on the analysis of networks using techniques such as social network analysis, degree distribution, and hierarchical clustering. Openly available information on the Drupal website is utilized to perform the analysis of the community. The data are transformed into two weighted undirected networks: networks of people and networks of Drupal modules. Both the structures of these networks and their evolution during the past 6 years are studied. Based on the analysis, it is observed that the structure of the Drupal community has the characteristics of a scale-free network, which is similar to many other complex networks in diverse domains. Key trends in the evolution of the networks are identified. Finally, a predictive model is presented to provide potential explanations for the observed structures and evolutionary trends.

scholarly journals Pixel: a content management platform for quantitative omics data

PeerJ ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 7 ◽  
pp. e6623 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thomas Denecker ◽  
William Durand ◽  
Julien Maupetit ◽  
Charles Hébert ◽  
Jean-Michel Camadro ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Web Application ◽  
Content Management ◽  
Biological Information ◽  
Functional Tests ◽  
Single Experiment ◽  
Code Coverage ◽  
Development Platform ◽  
Management Platform ◽  
Strategic Position ◽  
Web App

Background In biology, high-throughput experimental technologies, also referred as “omics” technologies, are increasingly used in research laboratories. Several thousands of gene expression measurements can be obtained in a single experiment. Researchers are routinely facing the challenge to annotate, store, explore and mine all the biological information they have at their disposal. We present here the Pixel web application (Pixel Web App), an original content management platform to help people involved in a multi-omics biological project. Methods The Pixel Web App is built with open source technologies and hosted on the collaborative development platform GitHub (https://github.com/Candihub/pixel). It is written in Python using the Django framework and stores all the data in a PostgreSQL database. It is developed in the open and licensed under the BSD 3-clause license. The Pixel Web App is also heavily tested with both unit and functional tests, a strong code coverage and continuous integration provided by CircleCI. To ease the development and the deployment of the Pixel Web App, Docker and Docker Compose are used to bundle the application as well as its dependencies. Results The Pixel Web App offers researchers an intuitive way to annotate, store, explore and mine their multi-omics results. It can be installed on a personal computer or on a server to fit the needs of many users. In addition, anyone can enhance the application to better suit their needs, either by contributing directly on GitHub (encouraged) or by extending Pixel on their own. The Pixel Web App does not provide any computational programs to analyze the data. Still, it helps to rapidly explore and mine existing results and holds a strategic position in the management of research data.

scholarly journals Analysis of the Structure and Evolution of an Open-Source Community

2010 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hao-Yun Huang ◽  
Qize Le ◽  
Jitesh H. Panchal
Keyword(s):  
Open Source ◽  
Content Management ◽  
Web Based ◽  
Scale Free ◽  
Management Platform ◽  
Self Organized ◽  
Free Network ◽  
Available Information ◽  
Product Realization ◽  
Open Source Communities

Open-source processes are based on the paradigm of self-organized communities as opposed to traditional hierarchical teams. These processes have not only been successful in the software development domain, but are increasingly being used in the development of physical products. In order to successfully adapt open-source processes to product realization there is a need to understand how open-source communities self-organize and how that impacts the development of the products. Towards the direction of fulfilling this need, we present an analysis of an existing open-source community involved in developing a web-based content-management platform, Drupal. The approach is based on the analysis of networks using techniques such as social network analysis, degree distribution, and hierarchical clustering. Openly available information on the Drupal website is utilized to perform the analysis of the community. The data is transformed into two weighted undirected networks: networks of people and networks of Drupal modules. Both the structure of these networks and their evolution during the past six years are studied. The networks are visualized by mapping them into images. Based on the analysis, it is observed that the structure of the Drupal community has the characteristics of a scale-free network, which is similar to many other complex networks in diverse domains. Finally, key trends in the evolution of the networks are identified and the possible explanations for those trends are discussed.

scholarly journals In vitro 3D Model of Female Reproductive Tract: An Overview and Future Aspect

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arnaud Martino Capuzzo
Keyword(s):  
Reproductive Tract ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Reproductive Organs ◽  
Experimental Models ◽  
Female Reproductive Tract ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
Current State ◽  
Pregnancy And Delivery ◽  
Recent Developments

Hormones must be balanced and dynamically controlled for the Female Reproductive Tract (FRT) to function correctly during the menstrual cycle, pregnancy, and delivery. Gamete selection and successful transfer to the uterus, where it implants and pregnancy occurs, is supported by the mucosal epithelial lining of the FRT ovaries, uterus, cervix, fallopian tubes, and vagina. Successful implantation and placentation in humans and other animals rely on complex interactions between the embryo and a receptive female reproductive system. The FRT's recent breakthroughs in three-dimensional (3D) organoid systems now provide critical experimental models that match the organ's physiological, functional, and anatomical characteristics in vitro. This article summarizes the current state of the art on organoids generated from various parts of the FRT. The current analysis examines recent developments in the creation of organoid models of reproductive organs, as well as their future directions.

scholarly journals Painful memories: Challenges in trauma-focused therapy for torture survivors with PTSD and chronic pain

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-57
Author(s):  
Iselin Solerød Dibaj ◽  
Joar Øveraas Halvorsen ◽  
Leif Edward Ottesen Kennair ◽  
Håkon Inge Stenmark
Keyword(s):  
Chronic Pain ◽  
Knowledge Base ◽  
Empirical Studies ◽  
Theoretical Models ◽  
Torture Survivors ◽  
Clear Cut ◽  
Complex Interactions ◽  
High Prevalence ◽  
Behavioral Paradigm ◽  
Recent Developments

Introduction: PTSD and chronic pain are disorders that researchers increasingly acknowledge to be risk factors that overlap and their comorbidity is associated with poorer treatment outcomes. This review focuses on torture survivors due to the high prevalence of comorbidity in this group, as well as how PTSD and chronic pain might develop, interact and mutually maintain each other. Methods: A narrative review of empirical studies and theoretical models regarding chronic pain and PTSD in torture survivors, informed by studies conducted in other contexts. Results and discussion: An overview of PTSD and chronic pain studies of torture survivors is presented. Treatment studies for torture survivors with PTSD are scarce and have been discouraging. Studies in other patient populations and theoretical models of main- taining factors within the cognitive-behavioral paradigm are presented, and focused around how interactions between PTSD and chronic pain might mitigate treatment of both disorders. Mutually maintaining factors between chronic pain and PTSD are presented as potential barriers to healing, and clinical implications involve suggestions for clinicians with intention to overcome these barriers in trauma-focused treatment of torture survivors. The knowledge base on how chronic pain and PTSD interact within the context of torture is still very limited.Torture is a potent risk factor in itself for both chronic pain and PTSD. Studies point to complex interactions between pain and PTSD across different trauma-exposed populations, especially when the trauma includes pain. Moreover, the coping strategies that are available and might function as some form of protection during torture [e.g. dissociation, withdrawal], might conversely function to exacerbate symptoms when the survivor is in a safe rehabilitation context. Observations combined with CPPC literature and recent developments in learning theory challenge clinical practice accordingly. Additionally, the limited knowledge base prevents us from providing clear-cut sugges- tions, particularly as the majority of scientific enquiry regarding chronic pain and PTSD has been conducted in other populations outside of the torture survivors group. Furthermore, cultural factors, specific needs and characteristics in this group, the human rights perspective and the socio-political context all need to be acknowledged. Trauma-focused treatment does not appear to specifically target all the mechanisms that are supposedly interacting in maintaining chronic pain and PTSD. Interdisciplinary rehabilitation and close collaboration between physiotherapists and trauma-focused therapists are warranted.

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