scholarly journals Impact of slopes on the lateral resistance of steel piles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Cumming
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Cohesionless Soils ◽  
Passive Resistance ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Ground Anchors ◽  
Lateral Resistance ◽  
Steel Piles ◽  
Laterally Loaded ◽  
Soldier Pile

A soldier pile and lagging wall is one of the most common types of retaining wall. Solider pile walls develop lateral resistance through the stiffness of the piles and the passive resistance of the soil acting upon the embedded portion of the piles. Ground anchors can also be used when additional lateral resistance is required. Using Broms’ methods, a parametric study was completed to investigate the performance of laterally loaded short and long steel piles installed in a variety of cohesive and cohesionless soils. The results were compared to those generated using RocScience finite element software. RocScience software was then used to evaluate the lateral resistance of piles installed at various distances from the crest of a 2:1 slope. Finally, two soldier pile walls, to be installed within a sloping railway embankment, were designed.

scholarly journals Impact of slopes on the lateral resistance of steel piles

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
James Cumming
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Cohesionless Soils ◽  
Passive Resistance ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Ground Anchors ◽  
Lateral Resistance ◽  
Steel Piles ◽  
Laterally Loaded ◽  
Soldier Pile

A soldier pile and lagging wall is one of the most common types of retaining wall. Solider pile walls develop lateral resistance through the stiffness of the piles and the passive resistance of the soil acting upon the embedded portion of the piles. Ground anchors can also be used when additional lateral resistance is required. Using Broms’ methods, a parametric study was completed to investigate the performance of laterally loaded short and long steel piles installed in a variety of cohesive and cohesionless soils. The results were compared to those generated using RocScience finite element software. RocScience software was then used to evaluate the lateral resistance of piles installed at various distances from the crest of a 2:1 slope. Finally, two soldier pile walls, to be installed within a sloping railway embankment, were designed.

Numerical Evaluation of the Active Earth Pressure Acting on Rigid Retaining Walls

2012 ◽  
Vol 204-208 ◽  
pp. 410-413
Author(s):  
Shi Lun Feng ◽  
Jun Li ◽  
Pu Lin Li
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element ◽  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Earth Pressure ◽  
Maximum Error ◽  
Active Earth Pressure ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Strain Behaviour ◽  
The Finite Element Analysis

The active earth pressure on rigid retaining wall is analyzed using the finite element software ABAQUS. The fill behind the wall is sand and the Mohr–Coulomb constitutive model was used to model the stress–strain behaviour of soils.The finite element analysis results were compared with the Rankine results. The maximum error of the results is about 10% and the finite element analysis result is bigger. So the result obtained from the finite element method could safely be used in actual projects.

Surface Overpressure Distribution and Dynamic Response of the Retaining Wall of the Underground Structure Subjected to Inner Explosion

2013 ◽  
Vol 790 ◽  
pp. 396-400
Author(s):  
Li Tian ◽  
Peng Deng
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Dynamic Response ◽  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Underground Structure ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Frame Structure ◽  
Multiple Reflections ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Blast Overpressure ◽  
Distribution Rule

An underground structure has been in a state of static equilibrium under the combined effect of gravity and the surrounding soils confining pressure before internal explosion occurred, and the blast wave can experience multiple reflections and diffractions in closed space, so the overpressure on the surface of structural members was more complex than that when explosion happened in the open space. In this paper, a finite element model of a closed underground frame structure was established by using the finite element software ANSYS/LS-DYNA. Based on the model, numerical simulation by stages was done to study the overpressure distribution on the surface of the retaining wall. This paper main analyzed the effect of the initial balance stress on the blast overpressure distribution rule and the retaining walls dynamic response.

Numerical Analysis of Composite Soil Nailing Retaining Wall under Earthquake

2013 ◽  
Vol 275-277 ◽  
pp. 1353-1358 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tian Zhong Ma ◽  
Yan Peng Zhu ◽  
De Ju Meng
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Time History ◽  
Horizontal Displacement ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Soil Nailing ◽  
Supporting Structure ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Axial Forces ◽  
Composite Soil Nailing

The seismic response of slope supported by composite soil nailing is analyzed by using finite element software ADNIA, in which the EL-Centro wave is selected as input earthquake wave.The analytical contents include the displacement and acceleration of supporting slope, as well as the time history responses of the axial forces of anchors. In the establishment of finite element model, the interaction between soil body and supporting structure is considered. The elastic-plastic M-C model with nonlinear static and dynamic behavior is used to simulate the soil body, and the dual linear strengthen model is adopted to simulate the supporting structure, then the interaction between soil body and supporting structure is simulated with contact element. The results show that the composite soil nailing slope supporting structure has better seismic performance than the general soil nailing slope supporting structure. The maximum horizontal displacement of the latter occurs at the slope top, but that of the former occurs at the slope upper. Especially after the imposition of the prestress, the slope displacement under earthquake reduces significantly, and the axial forces of anchors under earthquake enlarge significantly. Moreover, the axial forces of anchors reach maximum values near the slipping surface. The displacement and the acceleration of slope increase along the slope height. The conclusions obtained provide basis for the seismic design of permanent supporting slope and reference for similar projects.

scholarly journals A Full 3-D Finite Element Analysis of Group Interaction Effect on Laterally Loaded Piles

2018 ◽  
Vol 12 (5) ◽  
pp. 9
Author(s):  
Amer Alkloub ◽  
Rabab Allouzi ◽  
Haider Alkloub ◽  
Ramia Al-Ajarmeh
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Interaction Effect ◽  
Group Interaction ◽  
Reduction Factor ◽  
Lateral Loads ◽  
Laterally Loaded Piles ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Pile Diameter ◽  
Lateral Resistance ◽  
Laterally Loaded

Piles are used for many types of structures to resist vertical and lateral loads.  Design considerations of piles under lateral load are very crucial because the lateral performance of the pile foundations significantly influences the integrity of the structures supported by group of piles.  Finite element study has been conducted to investigate the group interaction effect on the laterally loaded piles.  This study investigates three factors, piles spacing, group arrangement, and group size.  It has been concluded that: (1) As the piles spacing increases as the reduction factor increases and becomes close to one. (2) No reduction due to group interaction for piles spaced at eight times the pile diameter. (3) Group efficiency factor increases in piles that are arranged in a single row. (4) As the number of piles increases more reduction in the lateral resistance occurs.

scholarly journals Low-Cycle Fatigue Crack Initiation Simulation and Life Prediction of Powder Superalloy Considering Inclusion-Matrix Interface Debonding

Materials ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (14) ◽  
pp. 4018
Author(s):  
Shuming Zhang ◽  
Yuanming Xu ◽  
Hao Fu ◽  
Yaowei Wen ◽  
Yibing Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Crack Initiation ◽  
Life Prediction ◽  
Damage Mechanics ◽  
Low Cycle Fatigue ◽  
Fatigue Crack Initiation ◽  
Fatigue Loading ◽  
Interface Debonding ◽  
Damage Evolution Equation ◽  
Finite Element Software

From the perspective of damage mechanics, the damage parameters were introduced as the characterizing quantity of the decrease in the mechanical properties of powder superalloy material FGH96 under fatigue loading. By deriving a damage evolution equation, a fatigue life prediction model of powder superalloy containing inclusions was constructed based on damage mechanics. The specimens containing elliptical subsurface inclusions and semielliptical surface inclusions were considered. The CONTA172 and TARGE169 elements of finite element software (ANSYS) were used to simulate the interfacial debonding between the inclusions and matrix, and the interface crack initiation life was calculated. Through finite element modeling, the stress field evolution during the interface debonding was traced by simulation. Finally, the effect of the position and shape size of inclusions on interface debonding was explored.

scholarly journals Development of Simulation Based p-Multipliers for Laterally Loaded Pile Groups in Granular Soil Using 3D Nonlinear Finite Element Model

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 26
Author(s):  
Muhammad Bilal Adeel ◽  
Muhammad Asad Jan ◽  
Muhammad Aaqib ◽  
Duhee Park
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Element Model ◽  
Design Guidelines ◽  
American Petroleum Institute ◽  
Winkler Foundation ◽  
Group Effect ◽  
Pile Groups ◽  
Element Analysis ◽  
Laterally Loaded Pile ◽  
Laterally Loaded

The behavior of laterally loaded pile groups is usually accessed by beam-on-nonlinear-Winkler-foundation (BNWF) approach employing various forms of empirically derived p-y curves and p-multipliers. Averaged p-multiplier for a particular pile group is termed as the group effect parameter. In practice, the p-y curve presented by the American Petroleum Institute (API) is most often utilized for piles in granular soils, although its shortcomings are recognized. In this study, we performed 3D finite element analysis to develop p-multipliers and group effect parameters for 3 × 3 to 5 × 5 vertically squared pile groups. The effect of the ratio of spacing to pile diameter (S/D), number of group piles, varying friction angle (φ), and pile fixity conditions on p-multipliers and group effect parameters are evaluated and quantified. Based on the simulation outcomes, a new functional form to calculate p-multipliers is proposed for pile groups. Extensive comparisons with the experimental measurements reveal that the calculated p-multipliers and group effect parameters are within the recorded range. Comparisons with two design guidelines which do not account for the pile fixity condition demonstrate that they overestimate the p-multipliers for fixed-head condition.

Effect of crack on free vibration of a pre-stressed curved plate

2021 ◽  
pp. 095440622199486
Author(s):  
Can Gonenli ◽  
Hasan Ozturk ◽  
Oguzhan Das
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Free Vibration ◽  
Natural Frequency ◽  
Present Model ◽  
Mode Shapes ◽  
Load Parameter ◽  
Flexible Plate ◽  
Cantilever Plate ◽  
Finite Element Software ◽  
Aspect Ratios

In this study, the effect of crack on free vibration of a large deflected cantilever plate, which forms the case of a pre-stressed curved plate, is investigated. A distributed load is applied at the free edge of a thin cantilever plate. Then, the loading edge of the deflected plate is fixed to obtain a pre-stressed curved plate. The large deflection equation provides the non - linear deflection curve of the large deflected flexible plate. The thin curved plate is modeled by using the finite element method with a four-node quadrilateral element. Three different aspect ratios are used to examine the effect of crack. The effect of crack and its location on the natural frequency parameter is given in tables and graphs. Also, the natural frequency parameters of the present model are compared with the finite element software results to verify the reliability and validity of the present model. This study shows that the different mode shapes are occurred due to the change of load parameter, and these different mode shapes cause a change in the effect of crack.

Finite Element Modeling of a Mechanically Stabilized Earth Trial Wall

2021 ◽  
pp. 036119812110164
Author(s):  
Andrew Lees ◽  
Michael Dobie
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Retaining Wall ◽  
Back Analysis ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Failure Behavior ◽  
Valuable Insight ◽  
Deformation And Failure ◽  
First Case ◽  
Soil Shear Strength

Polymer geogrid reinforced soil retaining walls have become commonplace, with routine design generally carried out by limiting equilibrium methods. Finite element analysis (FEA) is becoming more widely used to assess the likely deformation behavior of these structures, although in many cases such analyses over-predict deformation compared with monitored structures. Back-analysis of unit tests and instrumented walls improves the techniques and models used in FEA to represent the soil fill, reinforcement and composite behavior caused by the stabilization effect of the geogrid apertures on the soil particles. This composite behavior is most representatively modeled as enhanced soil shear strength. The back-analysis of two test cases provides valuable insight into the benefits of this approach. In the first case, a unit cell was set up such that one side could yield thereby reaching the active earth pressure state. Using FEA a test without geogrid was modeled to help establish appropriate soil parameters. These parameters were then used to back-analyze a test with geogrid present. Simply using the tensile properties of the geogrid over-predicted the yield pressure but using an enhanced soil shear strength gave a satisfactory comparison with the measured result. In the second case a trial retaining wall was back-analyzed to investigate both deformation and failure, the failure induced by cutting the geogrid after construction using heated wires. The closest fit to the actual deformation and failure behavior was provided by using enhanced fill shear strength.

Numerical solutions for strain-softening surrounding rock under three-dimensional principal stress condition

2021 ◽  
Vol 0 (0) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sheng Yu-ming ◽  
Li Chao ◽  
Xia Ming-yao ◽  
Zou Jin-feng
Keyword(s):  
Finite Element ◽  
Principal Stress ◽  
Stress Condition ◽  
Strain Softening ◽  
Numerical Solutions ◽  
Three Dimensional ◽  
Strength Criterion ◽  
Surrounding Rock ◽  
Flow Rule ◽  
Finite Element Software

Abstract In this study, elastoplastic model for the surrounding rock of axisymmetric circular tunnel is investigated under three-dimensional (3D) principal stress states. Novel numerical solutions for strain-softening surrounding rock were first proposed based on the modified 3D Hoek–Brown criterion and the associated flow rule. Under a 3D axisymmetric coordinate system, the distributions for stresses and displacement can be effectively determined on the basis of the redeveloped stress increment approach. The modified 3D Hoek–Brown strength criterion is also embedded into finite element software to characterize the yielding state of surrounding rock based on the modified yield surface and stress renewal algorithm. The Euler implicit constitutive integral algorithm and the consistent tangent stiffness matrix are reconstructed in terms of the 3D Hoek–Brown strength criterion. Therefore, the numerical solutions and finite element method (FEM) models for the deep buried tunnel under 3D principal stress condition are presented, so that the stability analysis of surrounding rock can be conducted in a direct and convenient way. The reliability of the proposed solutions was verified by comparison of the principal stresses obtained by the developed numerical approach and FEM model. From a practical point of view, the proposed approach can also be applied for the determination of ground response curve of the tunnel, which shows a satisfying accuracy compared with the measuring data.

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