scholarly journals STUDENTS’ DIFFICULTIES IN USING PERSONAL PRONOUNS IN WRITING RECOUNT TEXT

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-36
Author(s):  
Herman Herman ◽  
Helty Sinaga ◽  
Bertaria Sohnata Hutauruk
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Personal Pronoun ◽  
Personal Pronouns ◽  
The Subject

This study is aimed to investigate the students’ difficulties in using personal pronouns in writing recount text at grade eight of SMP Negeri 8 Pematangsiantar”. In this research, the problem is as follows: “What are the students’ difficulties in using personal pronouns in writing recount text at grade eight of SMP Negeri 8 Pematangsiantar?”. The objective is to find out the students’ difficulties in using personal pronouns at grade eight of SMP Negeri 8 Pematangsintar. To answer the problem above, the researcher intends to use the theories of Collins (2014), Siahaan (2007), Derewinka (1990), William (2005), Frank (1972). The methodology used in this research is the Qualitative research. The subject of this research is grade Eight of SMP Negeri 8 Pematangsiantar. The data collected by observation. After analyzing the data, the researchers found that there were three kinds of students’ difficulties in using personal pronouns in writing text, namely: Personal pronoun as subject (34%), personal pronouns as the object (24%), and personal pronoun as a possessive adjective (42%). It can be concluded that the students at grade eight of SMP Negeri 8 Pematangsiantar still have difficulties in using personal pronouns when they write a recount text based on their experience. The researchers suggest the students’ should memorize the kinds of personal pronouns so they can use it well.  

scholarly journals Morphosyntax Analysis of Acehnese Clitic

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
pp. 212
Author(s):  
Denni Iskandar ◽  
Mulyadi ◽  
Iskandar Abdul Samad
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Personal Pronoun ◽  
Personal Pronouns ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Pronominal System ◽  
Grammatical Theories

Clitic has challenged many grammatical theories because it is a combination between syntax and morphology. At most theory, clitization is considered as a phenomenon of phrase because the clan of its form is similar to affixes attached to whole phrase. Some experts claim that clitic is one form that is difficult to identify and classify. This qualitative research investigates the clitic of Acehnese in the perspective of morphosyntax. This research found that Acehnese consists of proclitic and enclitic. The function is to emphasize the topic being talked by the subject. In general, Acehnese clitic is a relatively complex personal pronoun because Acehnese’s pronominal system is identical with the content of morality (politeness and friendship). Each personal pronoun has its own proclitic and enclitic including the adjustment of clitic for variant personal pronouns which refers to the level of politeness. In addition to personal pronoun, the clitic in Acehnese is also used to refer to noun or nounphrase either to animals, plants, or other types of nouns.

scholarly journals The interpretation of German personal pronouns and d-pronouns

2019 ◽  
Vol 38 (2) ◽  
pp. 155-190
Author(s):  
Markus Bader ◽  
Yvonne Portele
Keyword(s):  
Bayesian Theory ◽  
The Other ◽  
Production Data ◽  
Personal Pronoun ◽  
Personal Pronouns ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Syntactic Function

Abstract Three experiments investigated the interpretation and production of pronouns in German. The first two experiments probed the preferred interpretation of a pronoun in contexts containing two potential antecedents by having participants complete a sentence fragment starting either with a personal pronoun or a d-pronoun. We systematically varied three properties of the potential antecedents: syntactic function, linear position, and topicality. The results confirm a subject preference for personal pronouns. The preferred interpretation of d-pronouns cannot be captured by any of the three factors alone. Although a d-pronoun preferentially refers to the non-topic in many cases, this preference can be overridden by the other two factors, linear position and syntactic function. In order to test whether interpretive preferences follow from production biases as proposed by the Bayesian theory of Kehler et al. (2008), a third experiment had participants freely produce a continuation sentence for the contexts of the first two experiments. The results show that personal pronouns are used more often to refer to a subject than to an object, recapitulating the subject preference found for interpretation and thereby confirming the account of Kehler et al. (2008). The interpretation results for the d-pronoun likewise follow from the corresponding production data.

The development of person agreement and the cliticization of personal pronouns in Batsbi

2019 ◽  
Vol 72 (2) ◽  
pp. 275-296
Author(s):  
Yasuhiro Kojima
Keyword(s):  
Second Language ◽  
Strong Influence ◽  
Personal Pronoun ◽  
Personal Pronouns ◽  
Gender Agreement ◽  
Finite Form ◽  
Indirect Object ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Noun Class ◽  
Person Agreement

Abstract Most Nakh-Daghestanian languages have gender (or noun class) agreement in the verb, but do not have person agreement. This is the case with Chechen and Ingush, which are genetically the closest to Batsbi. Batsbi, by contrast, has developed person agreement with the subject in the verb along with gender agreement. This is assumed to be due to the strong influence of Georgian, which has long been the second language of Batsbi speakers. In Georgian, the verb shows person agreement with the subject as well as with the direct or indirect object. Present-day Batsbi, presumably inspired by the polypersonal agreement of Georgian, further develops the cliticization of non-subject personal pronouns. To put it simply, it seems as though Batsbi attempts to express what a Georgian verb may encode in a single, finite form by means of a verb and a personal pronoun that is cliticized to it.

scholarly journals Comparison of Personal Pronoun between Arabic and Its Indonesian Translation of Koran

2017 ◽  
Vol 6 (5) ◽  
pp. 238 ◽  
Author(s):  
Markhamah ◽  
Abdul Ngalim ◽  
Muhammad Muinudinillah Basri ◽  
Atiqa Sabardila
Keyword(s):  
Content Analysis ◽  
Qualitative Study ◽  
First Person ◽  
Personal Pronoun ◽  
Arabic Version ◽  
Personal Pronouns ◽  
Person Pronoun ◽  
The Subject ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Linguistic Units

The system of pronoun in Indonesian language and Arabic is diverse. This becomes the main consideration of the emergence of the current study. This comparative-descriptive-qualitative study aims at comparing the Indonesian translation of Quran with its Arabic version to differentiate pronouns of both languages in relation to gender (male, female, neutral), grammatical categories of number (singular, plural, dual), and tenses (past, present, and future). Al-Qur’an which is written in Arabic is then compared to the Indonesian translation of it. Moreover, the objects of the research are personal pronouns and the data are all linguistic units consisting of personal pronouns in the Indonesian translation of Quran compared to its Arabic version. The data were collected through content analysis. Then, the comparative and distributional methods were employed to analyze the data. The findings show that in terms of gender, personal pronoun has different translation in the two languages. Indonesian does not distinguish the personal pronoun that refers to male or female, while Arabic does. In terms of quantity, Indonesian first person pronoun kami ‘we’ is commonly used for plural. However in the translated verses, kami ‘we’ refers to both singular and plural. Furthermore, in terms of tenses, Indonesian and Arabic utilize different systems. Indonesian does not distinguish the pronoun in terms of past, present, or future act, while Arabic adjusts the grammatical conformity between the verb and the subject or between the adverb and the subject in relation to number, person, and gender to express an element of tense. 

Examining the Use of Personal Pronouns in Political Speeches by Tun Dr. Mahathir and President Trump

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (4) ◽  
pp. 52
Author(s):  
Nur Ilyana Elisa Aiman Haris Fadzilah ◽  
Maizura Mohd Noor
Keyword(s):  
Cultural Differences ◽  
The Political ◽  
Personal Pronoun ◽  
Personal Pronouns ◽  
Coding Schemes ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Political Speeches ◽  
Similarities And Differences ◽  
Practical Implications ◽  
Political Persuasion

Personal pronouns are often used to the point they often get overlooked. Unlike content words, they do not convey meaning but portray the perception of the speaker (Nakaggwe, 2012). Looking deeper into this, personal pronouns have the power to include or exclude a person or people of the subject (Khafaga, 2021), and it is crucial to master them especially in the political context. However, cultural differences exist in the use of personal pronouns since culture affects the way a person communicates and interprets information (Gocheco, 2012). For this reason, this qualitative research attempts to identify the use of personal pronouns, specifically those that demonstrate inclusiveness and exclusiveness, in the collectivistic Malaysian and individualistic American cultures, and compare the similarities and differences in the use of personal pronouns in speeches given by Tun Dr. Mahathir who represents the collectivistic Malaysian culture and Mr. Trump who represents the individualistic American culture. The AntConc software was used to determine the speech profiles and identify the personal pronouns based on the coding schemes and guidelines. It was found that the most popular personal pronoun used in their speeches is we, while the least popular are me and the subject singular you. They was used more frequently by Tun Dr. Mahathir to indirectly address the audience, while Mr. Trump opted to directly convey his message by using the plural you. The results have practical implications for speech writing and political persuasion and negotiation skills.

scholarly journals AN ERROR ANALYSIS ON USING PERSONAL PRONOUNS IN WRITING DESCRIPTIVE TEXT

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (5) ◽  
pp. 608
Author(s):  
Rahayu Pratiwi ◽  
Rahma Putri Aulia ◽  
Lilis Suryani
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Error Analysis ◽  
Omission Error ◽  
Personal Pronoun ◽  
Personal Pronouns ◽  
Subject Pronoun ◽  
Academic Year ◽  
Types Of Error

The objective of this research was to know the most types of error and the most error of personal pronouns in descriptive text due to the eleventh-grade students in their descriptive paragraph writing. This research conducted qualitative research. This research was conducted at SMK Negeri 1 Cimahi in Academic Year 2018/2019. To get the data, the researchers gave an instruction for the students to make a descriptive text about person, conduct the students' writing result, read the students’ writing result, identified the type of students’ writing error from their text, classified the type of personal pronouns error from students’ writing, and  identified the high students, middle students and lower students. The sample of this research is nine students of eleventh grade from PFPT A Class (Broadcast). The result showed that there are four types of errors, they are: omission, addition, misordering, and disordering. In students’ writing had been found many errors that focused on personal pronoun is 8 or 32% of omission error, 0 or 0% of addition error, 17 or 68% of mis-formation error, and 0 or 0% of disordering error. So, the highest percentage of types of error is a mis-formation error that is 17 or 68%. The most error of personal pronouns in descriptive text due by the students is when they used a subject pronoun. Keywords:  Error Analysis, Personal Pronoun, Descriptive Text.

scholarly journals The Students’ Ability In Writing Skill: Using Personal Pronoun In Narrative text

Al-Lisan ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 58-70
Author(s):  
Rahmawati Rahmawati ◽  
Ernita Fariani Sinaga ◽  
Anjelia Saragih ◽  
Sukutenta Br Sembiring
Keyword(s):  
Data Collection ◽  
Narrative Text ◽  
Second Grade ◽  
Personal Pronoun ◽  
Personal Pronouns ◽  
Writing Skill ◽  
The Subject

This study aims to determine the students’ ability of second grade SMP Talitakum to use personal pronouns in narrative text. The subject of this study are students of second grade and the object of this study was the students' ability to use pronouns in narrative text. The sample of this study are 16 students. Data collection techniques in this study use test and interviews. Based on the data analyzed, the researchers concluded that the students' ability to use pronouns in the narrative text was 68.43% and the students' ability to use personal pronouns in the narrative text is 62.93%. The study concludes that the difficulty affecting students in using pronouns was a lack of understanding of pronouns and narrative text even though they had been taught by the teacher and the lack of grammar books.

TEACHING READING COMPREHENSION OF NARRATIVE TEXT TO THE TENTH GRADE STUDENTS

2018 ◽  
Vol 6 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Emi Br Bukit ◽  
Berlin Sibarani ◽  
Rika Rika
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Reading Comprehension ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Narrative Text ◽  
Teaching Reading ◽  
Qualitative Research Design ◽  
Analysis Technique ◽  
Tenth Grade ◽  
The Subject ◽  
Academic Year

This study aims at describing how the teachers teach reading comprehension of narrative text to the tenth grade students in Sibolangit and revealing the underlying reasons of why do they do that way. This study was conducted by using qualitative research design. The subject of this study were two english teachers who taught at tenth grade students of two SMA in Sibolangit they are : SMA Negeri  1 Sibolangit  and SMA RK Deli Murni Bandar Baru in academic year 2016/ 2017. The data were analyzed by using Miles and Huberman data analysis technique. The  technique of collecting the data was recorded from the classroom process in teaching reading comprehension of narrative text. The findings of the study show that most of teachers’ ways are not yet focusing on teaching reading comprehension but rather focusing teaching the knowledge of genre. The underlying reason of the teachers’ ways in teaching reading comprehension did not facilitate reading comprehension. It was due to the misperception of the concept of teaching reading comprehension.  Keywords : Teaching,Reading Comprehension,Narrative Text.

AN ANNOTATED TRANSLATION OF PERSONAL PRONOUNS IN THE NOVEL THE SINS OF FATHER

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 48-54
Author(s):  
Chintia Handayani
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Method ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Personal Pronoun ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Personal Pronouns ◽  
Purposive Sampling ◽  
Annotated Translation

This article is based on annotated translation. Annotated translation is a translation with commentary. The objective of this article is to find out strategies that was employed in translating in Personal Pronoun I and You in the novel The Sins of Father by Jeffry Archer. The research used qualitative method with retrospective and introspective as research approached. The syntactic strategies by Chesterman is employ as tools of analysis. The result shows that from 25 data, there are 5 primary data which are taken using purposive sampling technique. There are 3 word ‘I’ and 2 word ‘You’, which all the data has the same translation principle and strategies.

Nochmals zur Kataphora im Älteren Ägyptisch

2019 ◽  
Vol 27 ◽  
pp. 237-242
Author(s):  
Carsten Peust
Keyword(s):  
Personal Pronoun ◽  
Semantic Constraint ◽  
The Subject

“Once more on Earlier Egyptian cataphora” -- This is a supplement to Uljas’ recent paper on cataphora in Earlier Egyptian. Opposing his suggestion of a semantic constraint in the use of cataphora, I argue that the principal constraint in Egyptian cataphora is a syntactic one: A personal pronoun may only receive a cataphoric interpretation if it refers to the subject of the clause.

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