Application of the Electrometric Method for Determining the Free Water Content in Jet Fuels

2021 ◽  
pp. 42-45
Author(s):  
D. U. Dumbolov ◽  
◽  
E. N. Lyapich ◽  
М. А. Suslin ◽  
А. А. Zaitseva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Cavity Resonator ◽  
Jet Fuels ◽  
Microwave Resonator ◽  
Jet Engines ◽  
Electrometric Method ◽  
Free Water Content ◽  
Cylindrical Cavity Resonator

The article provides an analysis of the deficiencies of fuel purity control tools for jet engines currently in use. It presents theoretical and experimental studies of the dependence of the loaded quality of a cylindrical cavity resonator on the volume of water placed in it, on the basis of which a method of determining the concentration of free water in jet fuels by the direct electrometric method using a microwave resonator is proposed.

scholarly journals Lost Circulation Effect of Bagasse, Coconut Fibers, Banana Tree Bark and Sawdust on Cement Grade G Characteristics

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Samuel Renjaan ◽  
Sugiatmo Kasmungin ◽  
Abdul Hamid
Keyword(s):  
Physical Properties ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Tree Bark ◽  
Lost Circulation ◽  
Banana Tree ◽  
Free Water Content ◽  
Coconut Fibre ◽  
Coconut Fibers

<p>The quality of cement is very important because it will greatly help the production well activities especially to make the construction of wells can last long. In this study the influence of lost circulation material (LCM) was analyzed, such as Bagasse, Coconut Fibers, Banana Tree Bark and Sawdust on the physical properties of G-class cement such as rheology, density, free water content, thickening time, and compressive strength. This research was conducted in the laboratory by varying the percentage of LCM from 0% to 6% and temperature from 95oF to 200oF. From this research, it can be known <br />that the addition of LCM can change the physical properties of cement. The highest increase of plastic viscosity (PV) and yield point (YP) values was occurred at 6% concentration of Bagasse, Coconut Fibers, Banana Tree Bark and Sawdust that was 105 cp – 92 lbs/100ft2, 105 cp – 90 lbs/100ft2, 90 cp – 110 lbs/100ft2, and 95 cp – 110 lbs/ft2. The longest thickening time was occurred at 6% concentration of Bagasse, Coconut Fibers, Banana Tree Bark and Sawdust with a soaking temperature of 200 oF which that was 65 minutes, 60 minutes, 66 minutes, and 63 minutes. The highest reduction of density <br />value occured at 6% concentration of Bagasse, Coconut Fibers, Banana Tree Bark and Sawdust that was 15.0 ppg, 15.2 ppg, 15.2 ppg and 15.0 ppg. The decrease in the highest free water content value occurs with the addition of 6% in each type of LCM, namely 0.9 ml, 0.95 ml, 0.9 ml and 1 ml. The increase in the strong press rate occurs in the addition of 1% sugar cane, which is 2838 psi; 1% Coconut fibre is 2926 psi, 0.5% of the banana tree bark is 3080 psi and 1% of sawdust is 2728 psi all at 200 º temperature.</p>

scholarly journals The jet fuels anti-wear properties indicator

2021 ◽  
Vol 24 (6) ◽  
pp. 8-16
Author(s):  
K. I. Gryadunov ◽  
A. N. Timoshenko ◽  
K. E. Balishin ◽  
U. V. Ermolaeva
Keyword(s):  
Oil Refining ◽  
Civil Aviation ◽  
Jet Fuels ◽  
Jet Engines ◽  
Wear Properties ◽  
Composite Propellant ◽  
Oil Refineries ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
Testing Fuel

There are three main fuel brands for jet engines of civil aviation used: domestic TS-1 and RT and foreign, produced in relatively small volumes in Russia, JET A-1 (JET A-1). Since the end of the 2000s, foreign manufacturers have made claims to the quality of the mass-used domestic fuel brand TS-1, and these claims have not been specified. However, the service life of a number of foreign engines operating on TS-1 fuel has been reduced by 50%. This circumstance can be caused by both subjective reasons – commercial and political interests of equipment manufacturers, and the objective ones. The main objective reason may be that recently several Russian plants producing TS-1 fuel have begun to produce composite propellant under the same name, where products of secondary oil refining processes are added to the straight-run fractions. These fuels meet the requirements of the standard (GOST 10227-86), which does not contain an indicator that characterizes the anti-wear properties of jet fuels. In the standard for JET A-1 fuel, anti-wear properties are normalized, and they are also normalized in the standard for domestic fuels for supersonic aviation. The article presents comparative tests of anti-wear properties of samples of jet fuels used in the civil aviation. The article substantiates the relevance of the anti-wear properties indicator in the standard for domestic brands of jet fuels for subsonic aircraft introduction, as well as the comparative analysis of the anti-wear properties of fuels produced by various Russian oil refineries. Indicators and methods for assessing the anti-wear properties of aviation fuels can be different. As such an indicator, it is proposed to use the anti-wear properties indicator calculated after testing fuel samples on a four-ball friction machine.

Microwave resonance method for measuring microliter volumes of free moisture in aviation fuels

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-56
Author(s):  
Vitaly V. Volkov ◽  
Michael A. Suslin ◽  
Jamil U. Dumbolov
Keyword(s):  
Solid Surface ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Resonance Method ◽  
Cavity Resonator ◽  
Maximum Error ◽  
Aviation Fuel ◽  
Fuel Quality ◽  
Microwave Resonance ◽  
Free Moisture ◽  
Microwave Losses

One of the conditions for ensuring the safety of air transport operation is the quality of aviation fuel refueled in aircraft. Fuel quality control is a multi-parameter task that includes monitoring the free moisture content. Regulatory documents establish the content of free water no more than 0.0015% by weight. It is developed a direct electrometric microwave resonance method for controlling free moisture in aviation fuels, which consists in changing the shape of the water drops by pressing them on a solid surface inside a cylindrical cavity resonator. This can dramatically increase dielectric losses. Analytical and experimental analysis of the proposed method is carried out. The control range from 0,5 to 30 μl of absolute volume of moisture in aviation fuels with a maximum error of not morethan 25 % is justified. The sensitivity of the proposed method for monitoring microwave losses in free moisture drops transformed into a thin layer by pressing is an order of magnitude greater than the sensitivity of the method for monitoring microwave losses in moisture drops on a solid surface in a resonator. The proposed method can be used as a basis for the development of devices for monitoring the free moisture of aviation fuels in the conditions of the airfield and laboratory. The direction of development of the method is shown.

The system of indicators of the quality of the carbon-carbon composite materials and technologies of their production

2018 ◽  
pp. 127-132
Author(s):  
T. N. Antipova ◽  
D. S. Shiroyan
Keyword(s):  
Composite Material ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Carbon Matrix ◽  
Carbon Composite ◽  
Optimal Number ◽  
Laboratory Equipment ◽  
Carbon Composite Material ◽  
Carbon Composite Materials

The system of indicators of quality of carbon-carbon composite material and technological operations of its production is proved in the work. As a result of the experimental studies, with respect to the existing laboratory equipment, the optimal number of cycles of saturation of the reinforcing frame with a carbon matrix is determined. It was found that to obtain a carbon-carbon composite material with a low cost and the required quality indicators, it is necessary to introduce additional parameters of the pitch melt at the impregnation stage.

Influence of different factors on the growth rate of young animals and the quality of beef

2021 ◽  
pp. 28-39
Author(s):  
V. N. Pristupa ◽  
D. S. Torosyan
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Live Weight ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Steppe Zone ◽  
Industrial Complex ◽  
Black And White ◽  
Dry Steppe ◽  
Intensive Rearing ◽  
Meat Productivity

The purpose of the work was to study and identify the main factors aff ecting the quantity and quality of beef produced and sold in the Southern Federal district. A comparative assessment of the growth, development, formation of meat productivity and quality of beef of young animals of beef, dual and dairy breeds with stall-pasture technology and intensive rearing in the industrial complex. Experimental studies have been carried out in farms in the Rostov region. The object of research was cows with calves of Kalmyk, Hereford, Aberdeen-Angus, Russian komolaya, Kazakh White-headed breeds, as well as young animals of the same breeds, in addition, Black-and-White and Swiss breeds. Removable live weight in Hereford steers at 18 months of age was 658,0 kg, and Aberdeen-Angus – 655,2 kg. Domestic steers of Kalmyk were 41–44 kg lower in live weight than their herdmates of two imported breeds. However, with intensive rearing at 18 months of age, steers of Kalmyk breed had a removable live weight of more than 613,7 kg and a carcass weight of 326 kg. The yield of hot carcass was 55,4 %, and the slaughter yield was 58,89 %, which was only 1–2 % lower than the world’s leading beef breeds. It has been found when analyzing the results of boning the half-carcasses of experimental steers that the biggest weight of half-carcasses and the content of muscle and fat tissue in them in absolute terms were in Hereford steers. Steers of Kalmyk breed took the third place in terms of weight of large-sized semi–fi nished products and signifi cantly lost to Aberdeen-Angus herdmates by 7,3 kg or 6,5 %, and Hereford steers by 9,2 kg or 8,3 %. The results obtained prove the expediency of using stallpasture technology in the dry-steppe zone of the Southern Federal district when rearing young animals for beef up to 350–400 kg live weight at 15 months of age and its subsequent intensive rearing under industrial technology, in order to obtain the live weight of more than 570 kg and produce cost-eff ective beef.

Method of experimental evaluation of the efficiency coefficient of vibration protection of the rope-rod coupling "MAMSAR+A" of the diesel generator set DGA-8.83

2021 ◽  
pp. 88-95
Author(s):  
М.А. Минасян ◽  
А.М. Минасян ◽  
Ц. Цзэн
Keyword(s):  
Experimental Evaluation ◽  
Vibration Isolation ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
Original Method ◽  
Efficiency Coefficient ◽  
Diesel Generator ◽  
Vibration Protection ◽  
Rigid Connection ◽  
Two Stages

Объектом исследования является опытный образец запатентованной канатностержневой муфты (КСМ) «MAMSAR+А» в качестве привода дизель-генераторного агрегата ДГА-8,83 мощностью 9,56 кВт при частоте вращения 1500 мин-1 с дизелем 2Ч 8,5/11 и генератором «ГК-5,6». Целью исследования является экспериментальная оценка коэффициента эффективности вибрационной защиты КСМ. Поставленная цель достигается разработкой и реализацией оригинальной методики экспериментальной оценки коэффициента эффективности КСМ с анализом и выводами результатов экспериментальных исследований. Экспериментальные исследования проводятся в два этапа. Первый этап – с упругим соединением КСМ, второй этап – с жестким соединением. Оригинальность методики экспериментальной оценки коэффициента эффективности вибрационной защиты КСМ главным образом заключается в том, что между двумя этапами экспериментальных исследований КСМ не демонтируется. Следовательно, качество центровки не нарушается. Усредненный коэффициент эффективности виброизоляции КСМ составляет от 3 до 8 дБ. The object of this research is a prototype of the patented wire rope coupling (KSM) "MAMSAR+A" as a drive for a diesel-generator unit DGA-8.83 with a power of 9.56 kW at a speed of 1500 min-1 with a 2CH 8.5/11 diesel engine and a generator "KG-5.6". The aim of the research is to experimentally evaluate the efficiency coefficient of vibration protection of the KSM. This goal is achieved by developing and implementing an original method for experimental evaluation the efficiency coefficient of the KSM with analysis and conclusions of the results of experimental studies. Experimental studies are conducted in two stages. The first stage - with an elastic connection of the coupling, the second stage - with a rigid connection. The originality of the method of experimental evaluation of the efficiency coefficient of vibration protection of the KSM mainly lies in the fact that the KSM is not dismantled between the two stages of experimental research. Therefore, the quality of alignment is not violated. The average coefficient of vibration isolation efficiency of the KSM is from 3 to 8 dB.

CONSUMER PROPERTIES OF PASTA WITH POWDER FROM MARIGOLD INFLORESCENCES (TAGETES L.)

2021 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 102-112
Author(s):  
SHAPOVALOVA Nataliia ◽  
VEZHLIVTSEVA Svitlana ◽  
ANTIUSHKO Dmytro
Keyword(s):  
Raw Materials ◽  
Experimental Studies ◽  
The Body ◽  
Biologically Active Substances ◽  
Biologically Active ◽  
Organoleptic Properties ◽  
Biological Value ◽  
Plant Raw Materials ◽  
Active Substances

Background. The deficiency of essential nutrients in the human body is the root cause of reduced efficiency, general resistance of the body to various diseases. That is an urgent problem in the context of the spread of coronavirus infection. In this regard, the search for opportunities to meet the needs of the population in food products that contain biologically active substances (BAS) through the use of high-value and at the same time available plant raw materials is extremely important. Marigolds attract special attention among such raw materials. The aim of the work is to study the chemical composition and evaluate the consumer properties of Tagetes L. varieties, zoned in the Kiev region, to prove the possibility of increasing the biological value of pasta by adding to their recipe powder from marigold inflorescences. Materials and methods. The object of research is pasta of B group (noodles). Inflorescences of marigolds of different varieties gathered during the flowering period in July-September 2019–2020 in the territory of Vasylkiv and Obukhiv districts of Kyiv region, Ukraine were used as enriching plant raw materials. The quality of finished pasta was assessed by organoleptic and physicochemical indexes (moisture content and titratable acidity). The content of mineral elements in the fine powder of marigold inflorescences was determined on the EXHERT-3L device, the quantitative composition and BAS identification – by spectrophotometric analysis on the device Specord-200 Analytic Jena UV-vis. The integrated quality index of pasta products was calculated taking into account the importance factors of individual indexes. Results. Comparing the obtained results, we can state that all the studied varieties – Gold Kopfen, Orange Flame, Hawaii, Equinox are characterized by high biological value, regardless of the area of collection. As a result of calculated and experimental studies it was determined that the addition of 7 % of the supplement does not provide the required supply of vitamins and minerals. Replacing the flour in the recipe by 20 % significantly improves the mineral composition, but deteriorates the taste and aromatic properties of pasta. The most optimal and rational amount of added additive is 15 %, as it improves the organoleptic properties of pasta and enriches their BAS. Conclusion. The usage of non-traditional vegetable raw materials, in particular powder from marigold inflorescences, which is rich in biologically active substances, allows not only to expand the range, improve the quality of finished products, but also increase the biological value of the product. The optimal amount of additive –powder from marigold inflorescences, was defined. It is 15 % by weight of flour in the production of noodles. This concentration allows not only to improve the organoleptic properties, but also to increase the content of biologically active substances – vitamins, micro- and macronutrients. The usage of non-traditional natural raw materials (powder from marigold inflorescences) allows to abandon artificial colorsand give the finished pasta a pleasant colorand aroma.

scholarly journals Investigating the Effect of Solid Components on Yield Stress for Cemented Paste Backfill via Uniform Design

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yong Wang ◽  
Aixiang Wu ◽  
Lianfu Zhang ◽  
Fei Jin ◽  
Xiaohui Liu
Keyword(s):  
Yield Stress ◽  
Mass Fraction ◽  
Cement Content ◽  
Uniform Design ◽  
Free Water ◽  
Experimental Program ◽  
Cemented Paste Backfill ◽  
Free Water Content ◽  
Key Factor ◽  
Paste Backfill

Cemented paste backfill (CPB) technology has been applied quite popular around the world. Yield stress is a key factor determining whether CPB could be transported. In order to reveal the effect of solid components on yield stress of CPB, a uniform design experimental program (four factors and six levels) was conducted to test the rheological property of a mine’s CPB. The tested four factors including mass fraction, cement versus other solids ratio, coarse tailings, and gravel contents were considered during the experiment design. Likewise, six experimental levels were given to each factor. Results of the test show that yield stress increased with the mass fraction and cement content. However, the trend reversed for the content of coarse tailings and gravel. Contribution of the four factors to yield stress in descending order is mass fraction > content of gravel > content of coarse tailings > cement versus other tailings ration. Effect of solid components on the yield stress of CPB is mainly due to the different flocculation structure inside the CPB. These various flow structures result in the different free-water content of CPB, leading to a different yield stress value.

Use of a Cavity Resonator for Measuring Free Water in Fuels

2014 ◽  
Vol 50 (4) ◽  
pp. 354-361
Author(s):  
D. U. Dumbolov ◽  
S. A. Galko ◽  
F. E. Sharykin ◽  
M. A. Suslin ◽  
V. Yu. Prishchepenko
Keyword(s):  
Free Water ◽  
Cavity Resonator
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