scholarly journals The Conceptual Approaches to the Evolvement of Insurance Activity in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 6 (521) ◽  
pp. 234-239
Author(s):  
A. V. Nechyporenko ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Dynamic Environment ◽  
The State ◽  
Insurance Market ◽  
Financial Risks ◽  
Demand For Insurance ◽  
Activity Assessment ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
Main Components

The article is aimed at developing the conceptual approaches to the evolvement of insurance activity in Ukraine. It is defined that insurance is an important source of funds accumulation for their further use in order to compensate for losses caused by insurance events, as well as for protection of business from financial risks. The main components of the conceptual approaches to the evolvement of insurance activity are distinguished as follows: principles, goals, interests, tasks, factors, threats, subjects and objects, collateral, stages, instruments, methods and criteria for evaluating the efficiency of the development of insurance activities in the country. Within the framework of the proposed conceptual approaches to the evolvement of insurance activity in Ukraine, the following stages are allocated: development of methodological principles for the evolvement of insurance activity; analysis of conditions and factors of evolvement of insurance activity; assessment of the state of evolvement of insurance activity: study of the number of insurers, tendencies as to their increase/decrease, demand for insurance products, etc.; assessment of the effectiveness of evolvement of insurance activity in the country. It is concluded that the proposed conceptual approaches involve the development and implementation of a purposeful set of measures that will intensify insurance activities and contribute to the development of a strategy for the evolvement of the insurance market of Ukraine through the introduction of world experience, taking into account national peculiarities for its effective evolvement in the long term, avoiding and minimizing the negative impact in the dynamic environment. The strategic task of the State to evolve insurance activities in modern conditions of management is to implement effective regulation, which will facilitate the intensification of the development of the insurance market.

scholarly journals Ukrainian insurance market: current state and development prospects

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (5) ◽  
pp. 105-112
Author(s):  
I. Lashchyk ◽  
I. Kondrat ◽  
P. Viblyi ◽  
V. Bilets
Keyword(s):  
Developed Countries ◽  
Scientific Paper ◽  
Negative Influence ◽  
The State ◽  
Economic Situation ◽  
Insurance Market ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Demand For Insurance ◽  
Current State ◽  
The Usa

The paper is devoted to the investigation of the current state and trends of the insurance market in Ukraine. A number of indicators characterizing the state of insurance market development, such as: the number of insurance companies engaged in risky types of insurance and life insurance; volume and dynamics of gross insurance bonuses and insurance payments; dynamics of the number of concluded agreements on voluntary and compulsory types of insurance, as well as reinsurance agreements; volume and dynamics of assets and insurance reserves of domestic insurance companies are analyzed in this scientific paper. Comparative analysis of the above mentioned indicators with similar indicators of foreign countries is carried out. It is defined that the insurance market of Ukraine lags far behind the countries of Europe, the USA, China, Japan and other developed countries. The reason for such low development is the difficult economic situation in the country caused by such factors as the change of power in 2015, the occupation of part of the territory by the Russian Federation, which shattered the previously unstable economy. Although the economic situation in the country has stabilized in recent years, this is not enough for the insurance market to reach the level of developed economies. The investigation results are presented in the form of tables and graphical interpretations. The factors of positive and negative influence on the development of domestic insurance market are determined and characterized. The main factor influencing the insurance market and ensuring its stability is the control of measures increasing the level of the population insurance culture and the reliability of insurance companies. Such measures will increase the demand for insurance services, insurers will be interested in doing their best and these factors will result in financial market stabilization. This effect will be achieved if the state and insurance companies act in coordinated manner, i.e. if the state provides the insurance market with regulatory framework with unobtrusive supervision, and insurers perform their work honestly and conscientiously. A number of recommendations for the development of domestic insurance companies and the market in general are developed. The main measures are to attract capital not only from European countries, making the insurance market more attractive, but to develop the health insurance, as medicine is quite expensive and the income is low, as well as to introduce the new insurance products due to the development of all industries.

Modern methods to reduce evaporation and ensure safety when storing petroleum products in tanks

2021 ◽  
Vol 94 ◽  
pp. 65-75
Author(s):  
A. M. Kuzminskaya ◽  
◽  
M. V. Buzaeva ◽  
O. V. Ageeva ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Fire Hazard ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Petroleum Products ◽  
Oil Refining ◽  
Chemical Additives ◽  
Long Term Storage ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Term Storage

Introduction. With long-term storage of gasoline in large-capacity tanks, the problem associated with their volatility becomes urgent. Evaporation of petroleum products and gasoline leads to a change in their physical and chemical properties, a decrease in the yield of light petroleum products during oil refining, and a deterioration in the performance characteristics of engines. In this regard, it becomes difficult to start engines, their reliability, fuel consumption increases and the service life is reduced. Lost light hydrocarbons pollute the environment and increase the fire hazard of enterprises. The aim of the work is to identify effective, inexpensive and safe methods for reducing the volatility of oil products, including gasoline, when stored in tanks. Research methods. A retrospective analysis of studies on the problems of reducing losses of petroleum products during their storage, transportation and use is carried out. Technical and organizational methods for reducing the evaporation of fuels and the use of chemical additives as an inexpensive and effective method for solving the problem of the volatility of gasolines are considered. The conclusion about the efficiency of using chemical additives to fuels to reduce volatility has been substantiated. Results and their discussion. Conclusions are made about the possibility of using surfactants as additives to reduce the evaporation of gasolines during long-term storage in tanks. The analysis of the main components and methods for the synthesis of surfactant compositions capable of creating a surfactant film at the liquid-atmosphere interface, which protects the liquid from evaporation. Conclusion. Reducing the volatility of gasoline with the use of inexpensive and effective additives introduced into the fuel in small quantities, not only reduces the explosion and fire hazard during storage in large tanks, reduces losses, but also prevents the negative impact on the environment from the ingress of low molecular hydrocarbons into it. Key words: volatility of petroleum products, losses during storage of gasoline, methods of reducing volatility, additives.

scholarly journals Modern Approaches to Management of Fiscal Risks: The Methodology and Practice

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (520) ◽  
pp. 339-348
Author(s):  
L. B. Ryabushka ◽  
◽  
T. H. Kubakh ◽  
I. M. Pavlenko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Budget Process ◽  
Public Finances ◽  
Fiscal Risk ◽  
Significant Negative Impact ◽  
Methodological Principles ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Fiscal Risks

The formation of public finances in Ukraine is significantly influenced by fiscal risks, which, first of all, are associated with macro-economic shocks, accumulated through the State and guaranteed debt, natural disasters and other circumstances that have a significant negative impact on the stability of indicators of the budget system. The article is aimed at disclosing the essence, systematize methodological principles and practical approaches to managing fiscal risks for assessment, minimization of their impact on budget indicators in modern conditions of economic uncertainty. Comparison and generalization of existing developments of this problematics made it possible to systematize and characterize the following: the main approaches to understanding the economic essence of fiscal risks (functional, institutional, causal, structural, managerial); categorize risks in accordance with the current recommendations of international institutions (IMF, World Bank, OECD); reveal the peculiarities of the main components of the best practices of fiscal risk management in the countries of the world. Attention is focused on expanding the classification of fiscal risks in the national methodological provisions and their taking into account in the tax and customs spheres; directions of integration of the fiscal risk management system into the budget process of local budgets, amalgamated hromadas; development of scientific provisions on the substantiation of the integral indicator of assessing the fiscal risks, characterized by the nonlinear nature of the development of economic processes and the creation of powerful think tanks for qualitative measurement and forecasting of possible threats in the sphere of public finances.

scholarly journals RAIDING IN UKRAINE – A THREAT TO THE ECONOMIC SECURITY OF ENTERPRISES

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nataliy Zgadova ◽  
◽  
Lidiy Rogatina ◽  
Vitaliy Gubko ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Market Economy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Economic Security ◽  
The State ◽  
Information Support ◽  
Soviet Period ◽  
Information Warfare ◽  
Law Enforcement Agencies ◽  
Industrial Enterprises ◽  
Main Components

Given the formation of a market economy in Ukraine, which is based on small and medium-sized businesses, the question of their economic security, because economic security is one of the main components of the needs of not only the state, various associations, but also individual enterprises. Therefore, it is very important to have effective tools to protect enterprises from the information support. With the intensive spread of crises in Ukraine's economy, financial and political instability, increased competition and the negative impact of environmental factors, the problem of financial and economic security of the enterprise has become especially important, namely in the manifestation of information warfare and raids on enterprises of various forms of ownership. Economic information is considered as the main factor of effective activity of the enterprise in the conditions of market economy. Until the early 1990s (Soviet period), domestic enterprises, in particular agro-industrial enterprises, felt virtually no risk in their activities, as they were state-owned and bound by government contracts. In turn, the state interests in the field of economy were strictly protected by law enforcement agencies and special services. Now the situation has changed dramatically. Any business entity, regardless of the size of its working assets, is surrounded by a variety of risks, and therefore vulnerable to various raider attacks, which can instantly destroy financial and material resources. At the same time, the state structures that are supposed to defend entrepreneurship do not actually operate. In today's economic system, one of the most important tasks of economic security of the enterprise was the preservation of its property, resistance to raiding – forceful, unscrupulous seizure of someone else's property. This phenomenon has become a real threat to the economy as a whole, destroying domestic business, entrepreneurship and production, increasing tensions in the economic space of the country, as almost any company can be the object of a raider attack. Therefore, we can say that the problem of raiding in today's market conditions is quite relevant and threatens the economic security of enterprises and must be addressed immediately.

scholarly journals Management of small business entities

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (8) ◽  
pp. 680
Author(s):  
Tetiana Portovaras ◽  
Zhanna Harbar ◽  
Ihor Sokurenko ◽  
Iuliia Samoilyk
Keyword(s):  
Small Business ◽  
Small Businesses ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Main Tool ◽  
The State ◽  
Small Business Development ◽  
Stage Of Development ◽  
Business Entities ◽  
Strategic Perspective

The purpose of the study is to identify the factors influencing the management of the activity of small businesses and to provide recommendations for its development through the resolution of crisis issues that prevent businesses from achieving strategic prospects and stable profits. The main factors for reducing the effectiveness of small businesses have been identified on the basis of the results of the questionnaire survey of one level of managers (small business directors), which should be taken into account in the formation of strategic management decisions and long-term development strategies. It is found that many of the factors are subject to managerial influence, which minimizes the negative impact on the performance of small business entities. The hypothesis that the main tool for stimulating small business development remains the state has confirmed with the help of research, but there is an urgent objective need to identify other factors that influence the activities of small businesses that impede their development and lead to closure. The study suggests that only a balance between the internal environment of small businesses and the regulatory framework of the state will allow them to work effectively in market conditions and provide the national economy with money. The authors present a position on the organization of a small business entity management system that reflects the links between processes and events in a market environment. The presented approach takes into account a number of elements of influence on a small business when forecasting its development in a strategic perspective. The results of the study showed that it is necessary to clearly identify the tasks at each stage of development of a small business entity, to form alternative models of its development by looking for ways to optimize activities and opportunities to avoid possible risks.

scholarly journals IMPLEMENTATION THE MECHANISM OF ECOLOGIZATION OF THE UKRAINIAN INNOVATION ACTIVITY: STATE AND REGIONAL DIMENSION OF DEVELOPMENT

2017 ◽  
Vol 19 (1(63)) ◽  
pp. 165-173
Author(s):  
O.M. Martyniuk
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Anthropogenic Activities ◽  
The State ◽  
Regulatory Function ◽  
Nature Management ◽  
Innovation Activity ◽  
Adaptive Mechanism ◽  
Innovative Development ◽  
Innovation Development

The article presents the results of Ukraine for part of the Global Innovation Competitiveness Index. The analysis of the current state of innovative development of regions is carried out. The study notes that in Ukraine, organizational and economic mechanism for stimulating innovation in relation to the ecologization of the economy is practically not involved. Its implementation in economic activity involves introduction and implementation of the principles of rational nature management and minimization of negative impact on environmental objects in the implementation of anthropogenic activities. Author has proved that: innovation processes in industry are mainly extensive; new types of products are mastered mainly through usage of scientific and technological achievements of previous years. The article proves that: this type of innovation development has narrow boundaries and will not allow maintaining the competitiveness of domestic enterprises for a long time; the investment process in Ukraine does not fulfill the function of facilitating updating of the production base on an innovative basis. Author notes that the main problems related to the regulatory action of legislation in the field of scientific and technological and innovation development in Ukraine are: lack of own long-term programs for the development of national economy based on innovation; non-compliance with provisions of the law; unsystematic legislation; lack of mechanisms for implementing the priorities of scientific and technical and innovation activities; complexity and long-term decision-making procedure; lack of effective anticorruption mechanisms; lack of integrated application of mechanisms of state influence (financial, credit, tax, etc.) for achievement of certain priorities; suspension and cancellation of mechanisms for supporting scientific and technical activities; absence of coordinated activity of the executive authorities aimed at the country's innovative development. Tendencies were studied and a set of measures aimed at stimulating the process of ecologization of innovation activity at the state and regional levels was proposed. In the article features of introduction of mechanism of ecologization of innovation activity are investigated. The article states that effective implementation of the policy of ecologization of innovation activity is possible only under conditions of integrated implementation of the adaptive mechanism of ecologization of innovation activity at the state, regional and local levels. The priorities of introduction of adaptive mechanism of ecologization of innovation activity of Ukraine are determined. The study has proved that the goals, ideas and strategies of economic and social development of Ukraine should be taken into account when constructing a model of sustainable regional development. The result of the implementation of this Strategy is the formation of a strong state and the activation of its regulatory function.

scholarly journals Development of life insurance market in Ukraine

2020 ◽  
pp. 169-174
Author(s):  
Kateryna Tretiak ◽  
Vitaliia Demchenko
Keyword(s):  
Life Insurance ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Insurance Market ◽  
Pension Insurance ◽  
Additional Material ◽  
Minimum Income ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Research Findings ◽  
Main Components ◽  
Effective Development

Purpose. The aim of the article is to study the main problems faced by the domestic life insurance market, substantiation of the negative impact and identification of opportunities for its future development. Methodology of research. The research is based on scientific and practical developments of scientists and specialists. The following methods are used to achieve this purpose, among them are analytical (when analyzing the main components of the life insurance market); generalization (when compiling data on the assessment of the life insurance services segment functioning in order to identify patterns of its trends); evaluation and inference (to summarize the subject of the research). Findings. Insurers’ dynamics in the domestic insurance market in recent years in terms of their numbers have been analyzed; an assessment of the structure in terms of gross and net insurance premiums and payments has been substantiated. The comparative characteristics of digital indicators of the Ukrainian and European life insurance markets have been considered. The issue of inclusion of insurance services in social programs and urgent deterrents of its solution in Ukraine has been studied. The advantages and disadvantages of life insurance areas (the accumulative pension, the insurance against accidents at work) have been analyzed. An assessment of the composition of the social package in the Ukrainian insurance market and the importance of each component, namely the basic social guarantees and additional material benefits, taking into account the available potential has been done. Originality. Theoretical and practical foundations of life insurance market development have been deepened on the basis of cooperation between the state, which at the same time assumes responsibility for maintaining the minimum income of all citizens, and also maximally stimulates the development of various forms of non-state insurance in order to save life, health and income. Practical value. The results of the research can be the basis for future scientific exploration in the field of effective development and functioning of the life insurance market. Key words: insurance, life insurance, accumulative pension insurance, insurance of working accidents, life insurance market.

scholarly journals Insurance Management in Terms of Globalization Processes in Ukraine

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (522) ◽  
pp. 207-212
Author(s):  
S. A. Vlasyuk ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Management ◽  
System Analysis ◽  
Management Plan ◽  
Insurance Market ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Effective Control ◽  
Financial Risks ◽  
Potential Risks ◽  
Business Entities

Insurance represents the most efficient risk management instrument that can protect both individuals and business entities from financial risks arising from various unforeseen situations. In turn, expanding the horizons of the insurance market requires clarity and coherence in the activities of insurance companies, and therefore studying the factors that directly affect the management of insurance organizations appears relevant. It is found that one of the forms of risk control is insurance management, which includes the detection, assessment and intervention of risks, that is, a defense strategy for preparing for the unexpected events, as it is regulated by normative legal acts, and the implementation of principles and doctrines that are generally accepted. It is identified that the main methods of insurance management, such as avoidance, preservation, distribution, transfer, prevention and reduction of losses, can be applied to all areas of activity of both individuals and business entities, and can pay off in the long term. The development of the insurance market in Ukraine in the future is possible due to the introduction of an effective mechanism of insurance management based on system analysis and effective control at macro and micro levels. By implementing a risk management plan and considering various potential risks or events before they occur, economic entities can save their own money and protect their future by timely setting of certain contours in order to avoid potential threats, minimize their impact in case of their occurrence, and cope with the results.

scholarly journals Automobile insurance in Brazil: market concentration and demand

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (81) ◽  
pp. 396-408 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vivileine Maria Peres ◽  
Wilfredo L. Maldonado ◽  
Osvaldo Candido
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Insurance Industry ◽  
Insurance Market ◽  
Insurance Companies ◽  
Automobile Insurance ◽  
Insurance Sector ◽  
Demand For Insurance ◽  
Structural Framework ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Short Run

ABSTRACT This paper studies two aspects of the automobile insurance market in Brazil: first, it determines the degree of competition among insurance companies, and second, it estimates and analyzes the demand for automobile insurance. Most of the studies on the automobile insurance market in Brazil analyze the performance of the firms in this sector or present regional studies of the demand for insurance and its determinants. Thus, this study innovates both in showing the competition among the firms and estimating the demand for insurance in the country. The relevance of this research lies in the sequential and ordered way it analyzes the demand in a sector. Firstly, it identifies the type of competition that takes place in the sector and then, based on this, it proposes a structural framework based on optimizing decisions for estimating the price, income, and market power elasticities of demand. Furthermore, analyzing the insurance industry is of the utmost importance since it moves significant amounts of financial resources and provides an essential service in the economy. With information about the market structure and demand profile in the automobile insurance sector it is possible to propose strategic policies for individual firms as well as for the whole sector in order to introduce more efficiency. To analyze the degree of competitiveness, several concentration indices were calculated using annually-aggregated monthly data on the premium paid to all the automobile insurance firms in the period from 2001 to 2016. To estimate the demand for automobile insurance, half-yearly data from 2002 to 2010 for each one of the 27 federative units of Brazil were used. Two main findings are presented in this study. First, we find evidence of little concentration in the Brazilian automobile insurance market, with shares being well distributed among the players. Second, we estimate the demand for automobile insurance in Brazil and find a price-elasticity of -0.47 in the short run and -1.33 in the long run, while the lagged profitability has a negative impact on the amount insured: -0.21 in the short run and -0.59 in the long run. Income does not significantly influence the demand for insurance in Brazil.

scholarly journals RETROSPECTIVE ANALYSIS OF HUMAN RESOURCES AND STRUCTURES BY STATE ORDER

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
L. Anipko
Keyword(s):  
Higher Education ◽  
Retrospective Analysis ◽  
State Policy ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
State Regulation ◽  
The State ◽  
Educational Services ◽  
Mechanism Of Formation ◽  
Economic Sectors

The imbalance associated with the dominance of supply over demand in the market of educational services, excess demand for certain specialties and its absence in others has a negative impact and worsens the staffing of government agencies and the economy of Ukraine as a whole. This is the motive for retrospective analysis of the experience of staffing by state order of the economy, mechanisms and structures that carry out individual processes at different stages from order formation to the distribution of specialists for the formation of modern educational policy. The factors influencing the orders of specialists, such as demography, the structure of economic sectors, priorities of economic development, deindustrialization of the economy, etc. are analyzed. The results of retrospective analysis of the system of training and placement of personnel with higher education for a period of more than 100 years, the need to develop long-term (at least 6-7 years) state policy and prioritize the training of specialists with higher education by state order. Tasks and measures have been identified, the solution of which will allow to create a regular approach to the mechanism of formation of the state order in the training of specialists with higher education and the influential levers of its management. The lost elements of the structure are given, which do not allow the existing system of staffing by the state order to function effectively. It is proved that state regulation of higher education should be carried out exclusively in accordance with state priorities, prospects of national economy and its branches, in accordance with modern conditions on the basis of the European educational space, as well as based on forecasting, planning needs, assessing demographic and economic situation. The conducted retrospective analysis allows to determine the need for long-term state policy and to determine priorities in the training of qualified specialists with higher education by state order.

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