scholarly journals SOCIODEMOGRAPHIC SPECIFICS OF CITIZENS OBTAINING ELECTRONIC SOCIO-PSYCHOLOGICAL SUPPORT DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN UKRAINE

2021 ◽  
pp. 142-147
Author(s):  
Dvornyk M.S.
Keyword(s):  
Secondary Education ◽  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Social Identification ◽  
Psychological Support ◽  
Demographic Indicators ◽  
The Face ◽  
To Receive

Purpose. The article is dedicated to an empirical study of the socio-demographic specifics of obtaining electronic socio-psychological support by Ukrainian citizens during the COVID-19 pandemic. Methods. There were used an online survey on socio-demographic indicators and the author's block “Electronic psychological support” of the “Social and psychological support during the pandemic COVID-19 in Ukraine” survey (Laboratory of Social Psychology of Personality, Institute for Social and Political Psychology, NAES of Ukraine), which included 12 questions to determine the features of obtaining psychological support online, the ability to receive psychosocial support due to the electronic means, as well as social identification of respondents with their community of electronic support. Data processing was performed using nonparametric Mann-Whitney analysis of variance and one-way Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance, the statistical program SPSS 26.0.Results. The survey lasted from October 2020 to May 2021, the sample was 100 people (84% – women), the average age – 30 years, mostly citizens with higher education. Socio-demographic indicators that regulate statistically significant differences between respondents in terms of obtaining electronic socio-psychological support were age, gender, education, satisfaction with financial security, residence status. Female respondents, with secondary education and satisfied with their financial support, are more likely than others to receive the ideas they really need through e-support tools. The frequency of finding solutions to their problems through e-support is mediated by female gender, secondary education, and young age (19–24 years). The joy of visiting a community where e-support is provided is related to younger age and living alone. Women and those who are more satisfied with the state of their financial affairs are more willing to listen to the problems of other users in the e-support community. In general, young people aged 19–24 are more likely than others to use electronic psychological support.Conclusions. The identified socio-demographic indicators should be taken into account when developing interventions for citizens’ socio-psychological support. It is recommended to provide appropriate support on a paid basis, take into account the need for a simple and intuitive interface and gamified forms of support, provide clear algorithms for psychological self-help in the face of pandemic challenges, and provide online socialization in the form of interesting group activities. Further research should be aimed at identifying the specifics of obtaining socio-psychological support by men and the elderly.Key words: socio-psychological support, remote psychological support, online interventions, COVID-19, social policy, socio-demographic indicators, social identification. Мета. Статтю присвячено емпіричному дослідженню соціодемографічної специфіки одержання укра-їнськими громадянами електронної соціально-психологічної підтримки під час пандемії COVID-19.Методи. У дослідженні використано онлайн-опитування за соціодемографічними показниками та авторський блок «Електронна психологічна підтримка» опитування «Соціально-психологічна підтримка в період пандемії COVID-19 в Україні» (лабораторія соціальної психології особистості Інституту соціальної та політичної психології НАПН України), що включив 12 питань на визначення особливостей одержання психологічної підтримки онлайн, міри здатності одержати психосоціальну підтримку в електронному форматі, а також міри соціальної ідентифікації опитуваних зі спільнотою електронної підтримки. Обробка даних здійснювалася за допомогою непараметричного дисперсійного аналізу Манна-Уітні та однофакторного дисперсійного аналізу Крускала-Уолліса у статистичній програмі SPSS 26.0.Результати. Дослідження тривало з жовтня 2020 до травня 2021 року, вибірка склала 100 осіб (84% – жінки), середній вік – 30 років, переважно містяни з вищою освітою. Соціодемографічними показниками, які регулюють статистично значущі відмінності респондентів за показниками одержання електронної соціально-психологічної підтримки, виявилися вік, стать, освіта, задоволеність фінансовим забезпеченням, статус проживання. Частіше за інших завдяки електронним засобам підтримку отримують респонденти жіночої статі із середньою освітою та задоволені своїм фінансовим забезпеченням. Частота знаходження жінками рішення своїх проблем завдяки засобам електронної підтримки опосередковується середньою освітою та молодшим віком (19–24 роки). Радість від відвідування спільноти, де особа отримує електронну підтримку, пов’язана із молодшим віком та проживанням наодинці. Жінки і ті, хто радше задоволений станом своїх фінансових справ, більш схильні вислуховувати проблеми інших користувачів у спільноті електронної підтримки. А загалом частіше за інших користу-ються засобами електронної психологічної підтримки саме молоді люди віком 19–24 роки.Висновки. Виявлені соціодемографічні показники мають враховуватися під час розробки програм соціально-психологічної підтримки населення. Рекомендовано здійснювати відповідну підтримку на платній основі, враховувати необхідність простого та інтуїтивного інтерфейсу й гейміфікованих форм підтримки, надавати чіткі алгоритми психологічної самодопомоги у разі зіткнення з пандемічними викликами, а також забезпечувати соціалізацію у вигляді цікавих групових активностей. Подальші дослідження мають бути спрямовані на виявлення специфіки одержання соціально-психологічної під-тримки чоловіками та особами старшого віку.Ключові слова: соціально-психологічна підтримка, дистанційна психологічна підтримка, онлайн-інтервенції, COVID-19, соціальна політика, соціодемографічні показники, соціальна ідентифікація.

scholarly journals Psychological Distress in Nepalese Residents during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Community Level Survey

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhan Bahadur Shrestha ◽  
Bikash Bikram Thapa ◽  
Nagendra Katuwal ◽  
Bikal Shrestha ◽  
Chiran Pant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Secondary Education ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
Vulnerable Groups ◽  
Post Secondary

Abstract Background: COVID-19 pandemic has created unprecedented health and economic impact. Psychological stress, anxiety and depression are affecting not only COVID-19 patients but also health professionals, and general population. Restrictive measures; fear of contracting COVID-19; hardship to carry out livelihood is causing traumas to mental health. Nepal is a developing country from South Asia where the COVID-19 pandemic is yet to reach at peak. This online survey has been carried out to understand impact of COVID 19 on mental health of Nepalese community dwellers.Methods: The COVID-19 Peritraumatic Distress Index (CPDI) questionnaire adapted from the Shanghai Mental Health Centre was used for collecting data in this online survey. Data were collected from 11 April-17 May 2020. Collected data extracted to Microsoft excel-13 and imported and analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version-22. An initial univariate analysis was conducted for all variables to assess the distribution and logistic regression analyses were done to estimate the odds ratios of relevant predicting variables.Results: A total of 410 participants completed the whole self-rated questionnaires. Mean age of study participants was 34.8 (± 11.7) with male preponderance. Overall 88.5% of the respondents were not in distress (score less than 28) while, 11% had mild to moderate distress and 0.5% had severely distress. The prevalence of distress is higher among age > 45 years age group, female gender, and post-secondary educated. Health professional were more likely to get distressed. Respondents with post-secondary education higher odds (OR = 3.32 (p = 0.020) of developing distress as compared to respondents with secondary education or lower.Conclusion: There is lower rate of psychological distress in city dwellers and people with low education. Adequate and timely focus should be directed to mental health awareness, psychosocial support with extra focus on vulnerable groups like health care workers, female and elderly individuals.

scholarly journals Psychological Distress in Nepalese Residents during COVID-19 Pandemic: A Community Level Survey 

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhan Bahadur Shrestha ◽  
Bikash Bikram Thapa ◽  
Nagendra Katuwal ◽  
Bikal Shrestha ◽  
Chiranjibi Pant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Secondary Education ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Post Secondary Education ◽  
Online Data ◽  
Post Secondary

Abstract BackgroundCOVID-19 pandemic has created unprecedented health and economic impact. Psychological stress, anxiety and depression are affecting not only COVID-19 patients but also health professionals, and general population. Fear of contracting COVID-19, forced restrictive social measures, and economic hardship are causing mental trauma. Nepal is a developing country from South Asia where the COVID-19 pandemic is still evolving. This online survey has been carried out to understand impact of COVID- 19 on mental health of Nepalese community dwellers.MethodsThe COVID-19 Peritraumatic Distress Index (CPDI) questionnaire adapted from the Shanghai Mental Health Centre was used for online data collection from 11 April-17 May 2020. Collected data were extracted to Microsoft excel-13 and imported and analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version-22. An initial univariate analysis was conducted for all variables to assess the distribution. Logistic regression analyses were done to estimate the odds ratios of relevant predicting variables.ResultsA total of 410 participants completed the self-rated questionnaires. Mean age of study participants was 34.8 ±11.7 years with male preponderance. 88.5% of the respondents were not in distress (score less than 28) while, 11% had mild to moderate distress and 0.5% had severe distress. The prevalence of distress is higher among age group >45 years, female gender, and post-secondary education group. Health professional were more likely to get distressed. Respondents with post-secondary education had higher odds (OR= 3.32; p=0.020) of developing distress as compared to respondents with secondary education or lower.ConclusionThere is lower rate of psychological distress in city dwellers and people with low education. Adequate intervention and evaluation into mental health awareness, and psychosocial support focused primarily on health care workers, female and elderly individuals is necessary.

scholarly journals Psychological distress in Nepalese residents during COVID-19 pandemic: a community level survey

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Dhan Bahadur Shrestha ◽  
Bikash Bikram Thapa ◽  
Nagendra Katuwal ◽  
Bikal Shrestha ◽  
Chiranjibi Pant ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Psychological Distress ◽  
Secondary Education ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Univariate Analysis ◽  
Health Centre ◽  
Post Secondary Education ◽  
Online Data ◽  
Post Secondary

Abstract Background COVID-19 pandemic has created unprecedented health and economic impact. Psychological stress, anxiety and depression are affecting not only COVID-19 patients but also health professionals, and general population. Fear of contracting COVID-19, forced restrictive social measures, and economic hardship are causing mental trauma. Nepal is a developing country from South Asia where the COVID-19 pandemic is still evolving. This online survey has been carried out to understand impact of COVID- 19 on mental health of Nepalese community dwellers. Methods The COVID-19 Peritraumatic Distress Index (CPDI) questionnaire adapted from the Shanghai Mental Health Centre was used for online data collection from 11 April-17 May 2020. Collected data were extracted to Microsoft excel-13 and imported and analyzed using SPSS (Statistical Package for Social Sciences) version-22. An initial univariate analysis was conducted for all variables to assess the distribution. Logistic regression analyses were done to estimate the odds ratios of relevant predicting variables. Results A total of 410 participants completed the self-rated questionnaires. Mean age of study participants was 34.8 ± 11.7 years with male preponderance. 88.5% of the respondents were not in distress (score less than 28) while, 11% had mild to moderate distress and 0.5% had severe distress. The prevalence of distress is higher among age group > 45 years, female gender, and post-secondary education group. Health professional were more likely to get distressed. Respondents with post-secondary education had higher odds (OR = 3.32; p = 0.020) of developing distress as compared to respondents with secondary education or lower. Conclusion There is lower rate of psychological distress in city dwellers and people with low education. Adequate intervention and evaluation into mental health awareness, and psychosocial support focused primarily on health care workers, female and elderly individuals is necessary.

scholarly journals CITIZENS OBTAINING PSYCHOSOCIAL SUPPORT DURING THE COVID-19 PANDEMIC IN UKRAINE: A CROSS-SECTIONAL STUDY

2021 ◽  
Vol 74 (11) ◽  
pp. 2755-2761
Author(s):  
Tetiana M. Tytarenko ◽  
Maryna S. Dvornyk ◽  
Tetiana O. Larina ◽  
Kateryna V. Myronchak ◽  
Volodymyr V. Savinov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Psychological Support ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Public And Private ◽  
Online Programs ◽  
Internal Migrants

The aim: To investigate the obtaining of psychosocial support by citizens during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ukraine using a cross-sectional study assessing the socio-demographic characteristics of the respondents. Materials and methods: It was developed and used the authors’ questionnaire “Socio-psychological support during the COVID-19 pandemic in Ukraine”. Data processing used Nonparametric Mann-Whitney analysis of variance and one-way Kruskal-Wallis analysis of variance (SPSS 26.0). Results: The study was conducted from October 2020 to May 2021 and sampled 100 individuals. Significant differences in the studied features are revealed. Gender: women have a more prosperous and broader range of contacts to discuss fears and anxieties during quarantine; suffer more from emotional loss; have more need to be heard and to be taken care of, with no criticism; are more experienced in professional psychological help obtaining; communicate with internal migrants more often. Age: young respondents (19-24 y.o.) suffer more from pandemic losses in the areas of spirituality and friendship; however, more often and more effectively use the means of online psychological support; older respondents are more likely to receive support from an important community and through meditation. Living conditions: living alone, citizens experience more pandemic stress, suffer from losses in personal life and friendship, and consider participation in challenge activities as the most convenient form of support. Place of residence: living in the rural areas is associated with a narrow circle of citizens’ contacts to discuss their plans for leisure; more significant damage from pandemic losses in health; lack of support in the form of understanding themselves and their conditions. Education: higher education affects a broader circle of communication; more minor financial losses; willingness to share traumatic stories for art therapy. Financial satisfaction promotes the exchange of ideas between users of online psychological support. Conclusions: The identified conditionality of psychosocial support obtaining by socio-demographic indicators can be used in the development of psychosocial support interventions during a pandemic for Ukrainian citizens by the public and private sectors, particularly in creating specialized smartphone applications, adapting playback theatre in the online space, creating gender-sensitive online programs to integrate IDPs into local communities.

scholarly journals Are public health measures and individualised care compatible in the face of a pandemic? A national observational study of bereaved relatives’ experiences during the COVID-19 pandemic

2021 ◽  
pp. 026921632110198
Author(s):  
Catriona R Mayland ◽  
Rosemary Hughes ◽  
Steven Lane ◽  
Tamsin McGlinchey ◽  
Warren Donnellan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Family Support ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Free Text ◽  
Professional Networks ◽  
Dying Patients ◽  
The Face ◽  
Individualised Care ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Informative Communication

Background: COVID-19 public health restrictions have affected end-of-life care experiences for dying patients and their families. Aim: To explore bereaved relatives’ experiences of quality of care and family support provided during the last days of life; to identify the impact of factors associated with perceived support. Design: A national, observational, open online survey was developed and disseminated via social media, public fora and professional networks (June–September 2020). Validated instruments and purposively designed questions assessed experiences. Analysis used descriptive statistics, logistic regression and thematic analysis of free-text responses. Participants: Individuals (⩾18 years) who had experienced the death of a relative/friend (all care settings) within the United Kingdome during the COVID-19 pandemic. Results: Respondents ( n = 278, mean 53.4 years) tended to be female ( n = 216, 78%); over half were ‘son/daughter’ (174, 62.6%) to the deceased. Deceased individuals (mean 81.6 years) most frequently died in their ‘usual place of care’ ( n = 192, 69.3%). Analysis established five conceptual themes affecting individualised care: (1) public health restrictions compounding the distress of ‘not knowing’; (2) disparate views about support from doctors and nurses; (3) challenges in communication and level of preparedness for the death; (4) delivery of compassionate care; (5) emotional needs and potential impact on grief. Male respondents (OR 2.9, p = 0.03) and those able to visit (OR 2.2, p = 0.04) were independently associated with good perceptions of family support. Conclusion: Despite public health restrictions, individualised care can be enabled by proactive, informative communication; recognising dying in a timely manner and facilitating the ability to be present before death.

Dilemmas of nudging in public health: an ethical analysis of a Danish pamphlet

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacob Busch ◽  
Emilie Kirstine Madsen ◽  
Antoinette Mary Fage-Butler ◽  
Marianne Kjær ◽  
Loni Ledderer
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Ethical Issues ◽  
Screening Programme ◽  
Screening Program ◽  
Ethical Analysis ◽  
Choice Making ◽  
The Face ◽  
Information Materials ◽  
The Individual ◽  
To Receive

Summary Nudging has been discussed in the context of public health, and ethical issues raised by nudging in public health contexts have been highlighted. In this article, we first identify types of nudging approaches and techniques that have been used in screening programmes, and ethical issues that have been associated with nudging: paternalism, limited autonomy and manipulation. We then identify nudging techniques used in a pamphlet developed for the Danish National Screening Program for Colorectal Cancer. These include framing, default nudge, use of hassle bias, authority nudge and priming. The pamphlet and the very offering of a screening programme can in themselves be considered nudges. Whether nudging strategies are ethically problematic depend on whether they are categorized as educative- or non-educative nudges. Educative nudges seek to affect people’s choice making by engaging their reflective capabilities. Non-educative nudges work by circumventing people’s reflective capabilities. Information materials are, on the face of it, meant to engage citizens’ reflective capacities. Recipients are likely to receive information materials with this expectation, and thus not expect to be affected in other ways. Non-educative nudges may therefore be particularly problematic in the context of information on screening, also as participating in screening does not always benefit the individual.

scholarly journals Willingness to Receive the COVID-19 and Seasonal Influenza Vaccines among the Saudi Population and Vaccine Uptake During the Initial Stage of the National Vaccination Campaign: A Cross-Sectional Survey

Vaccines ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (7) ◽  
pp. 765
Author(s):  
Amel Ahmed Fayed ◽  
Abeer Salem Al Shahrani ◽  
Leenah Tawfiq Almanea ◽  
Nardeen Ibrahim Alsweed ◽  
Layla Mohammed Almarzoug ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Saudi Arabia ◽  
Perceived Risk ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Seasonal Influenza ◽  
Vaccination Campaign ◽  
Vaccine Uptake ◽  
Influenza Vaccines ◽  
Vaccine Hesitancy ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
To Receive

This study aimed to assess the willingness to receive the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) and seasonal influenza vaccines and vaccine uptake during the early stage of the national vaccination campaign in Saudi Arabia. A cross-sectional online survey was conducted among adult Saudis between 20 January and 20 March 2021. The questionnaire addressed vaccine hesitancy, perceived risk, willingness, and vaccine uptake. Approximately 39% of the participants expressed vaccine hesitancy, and 29.8% and 24% felt highly vulnerable to contracting COVID-19 and seasonal influenza, respectively. The majority (59.5%) were willing to receive the COVID-19 vaccine, although only 31.7% were willing to receive the flu vaccine. Adjusted analysis showed that vaccine hesitancy (OR 0.34, 95% CI 0.27–0.43) and the perception of being at high risk (OR 2.78, 95% CI 1.68–4.60) independently affected the intention to be vaccinated. Vaccine hesitancy was similar among those who were willing to be vaccinated (29.8%) and those who had already been vaccinated (33.1%). The perceived risk was significantly higher among those who had been vaccinated (48.1%) than among those who were willing to be vaccinated but had not yet been vaccinated (29.1%). In conclusion, the acceptance of the COVID-19 vaccine in Saudi Arabia is high. Saudis who received the vaccine had a similar level of vaccine hesitancy and a higher level of perceived risk.

scholarly journals How is the COVID-19 lockdown impacting the mental health of parents of school-age children in the UK? A cross-sectional online survey

BMJ Open ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. e043397
Author(s):  
Austen El-Osta ◽  
Aos Alaa ◽  
Iman Webber ◽  
Eva Riboli Sasco ◽  
Emmanouil Bagkeris ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Physical Activity ◽  
Social Isolation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Female Gender ◽  
School Age Children ◽  
School Age ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Uk ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveInvestigate the impact of the COVID-19 lockdown on feelings of loneliness and social isolation in parents of school-age children.DesignCross-sectional online survey of parents of primary and secondary school-age children.SettingCommunity setting.Participants1214 parents of school-age children in the UK.MethodsAn online survey explored the impact of lockdown on the mental health of parents with school-age children, and in particular about feelings of social isolation and loneliness. Associations between the UCLA Three-Item Loneliness Scale (UCLATILS), the Direct Measure of Loneliness (DMOL) and the characteristics of the study participants were assessed using ordinal logistic regression models.Main outcome measuresSelf-reported measures of social isolation and loneliness using UCLATILS and DMOL.ResultsHalf of respondents felt they lacked companionship, 45% had feelings of being left out, 58% felt isolated and 46% felt lonely during the first 100 days of lockdown. The factors that were associated with higher levels of loneliness on UCLATILS were female gender, parenting a child with special needs, lack of a dedicated space for distance learning, disruption of sleep patterns and low levels of physical activity during the lockdown. Factors associated with a higher DMOL were female gender, single parenting, parenting a child with special needs, unemployment, low physical activity, lack of a dedicated study space and disruption of sleep patterns during the lockdown.ConclusionsThe COVID-19 lockdown has increased feelings of social isolation and loneliness among parents of school-age children. The sustained adoption of two modifiable health-seeking lifestyle behaviours (increased levels of physical activity and the maintenance of good sleep hygiene practices) wmay help reduce feelings of social isolation and loneliness during lockdown.

scholarly journals Online Peer Counseling for Suicidal Ideation: Participant Characteristics and Reasons for Using or Refusing This Service

Psych ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 61-71
Author(s):  
Maren Weiss ◽  
Anja Hildebrand ◽  
Hellmuth Braun-Scharm ◽  
Mark Stemmler
Keyword(s):  
Suicidal Ideation ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Psychosocial Support ◽  
Peer Counseling ◽  
Online Counseling ◽  
Data Utilization ◽  
Perceived Need ◽  
Positive Attitudes ◽  
Final Sample ◽  
Counseling Clients

[U25] is a German online-peer-counseling service for adolescents with suicidal ideation, who typically do not seek or receive adequate counseling. We conducted an online survey in order to compare persons who receive online counseling by [U25] compared to those who are visitors of [U25] websites but do not (yet) receive counseling. Via online survey, all visitors to the [U25] websites were invited to fill in a questionnaire on sociodemographic data, utilization reasons, and barriers. Our final sample consisted of n = 318 counseling clients, n = 1127 persons who have not yet sought help but intend to do so (“prospective clients”), and n = 444 persons who do not consider [U25] counseling for themselves (“refusers”). Clients were more often female and showed positive attitudes toward online counseling. Low perceived need for counseling was the most frequent barrier reported by the refusers, whereas fear of stigma and practical barriers were rarely reported; younger and male refusers reported needing to write down one’s problems as a barrier more often. Self-selection might reduce generalizability of our results. Online counseling can facilitate receiving psychosocial support for young persons with suicidal ideation, particularly if barriers are addressed.

scholarly journals Atypical Outcomes of Nasal and Lip Appearance After Unilateral Cleft Lip Repair: Judgment by Professionals, Patients, and Laypeople

2021 ◽  
pp. 105566562098280
Author(s):  
Robin A. Tan ◽  
Frans J. Mulder ◽  
Roderic M. F. Schwirtz ◽  
David G. M. Mosmuller ◽  
Henrica C. W. De Vet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Analysis Of Variance ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Cleft Lip ◽  
Cleft Lip And Palate ◽  
Old Patients ◽  
Rank Score ◽  
Cleft Lip Repair ◽  
Typical Appearance ◽  
Unilateral Cleft Lip Repair ◽  
Insight Into

Objective: To gain more insight into the assessment of “atypical” nasal and lip appearance outcomes compared to “typical” appearance outcomes after unilateral cleft lip and palate (UCLP) repair, when judged by professionals, patients with repaired UCLP, and laypeople. Design: An online survey containing 3 series of photographs with various degrees of “typical” and “atypical” nasal and lip appearance outcomes after UCLP repair was sent to 30 professionals, 30 patients with repaired UCLP, and 50 laypeople in 2 countries. Participants were instructed to rank the photographs from excellent to poor based on overall appearance. Mean rank positions of photographs were analyzed and differences in mean rank score between “typical” and “atypical” results were assessed using a T-test. Agreement of ranking between the 3 groups was assessed with an analysis of variance analysis. Setting: Amsterdam UMC, location VUmc, Netherlands and Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, USA. Patients: Photographs of 6- to 18-year-old patients with repaired UCLP. Results: “Atypical” appearance outcomes were ranked significantly less favorably (small nostril: P = 0.00; low vermillion border: P = 0.02; whistling deformity: P = 0.00) compared to “typical” outcomes. Difference between professionals, patients and laypeople in rank positioning the photographs was not statistically significant ( P = 0.89). Conclusions: Noses with a smaller nostril and lips containing a whistling deformity were perceived as poorer outcome compared to the “typical” results. Professionals, patients, and laypeople are in agreement when assessing these outcomes.

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