Paradox of Rice Seed System in India

Importance of rice in agrarian economy of India is enormous. In order to meet demand of this staple crop for increasing population, productivity enhancement is a key research and development agenda. Improving seed replacement rate is widely held as a critical area to boost rice productivity in the country. This study based on secondary data revealed merely sowing quality seeds may not result in desired level of yield increase unless quality seeds of a good and appropriate variety is sown. Punjab, with its 38% SRR, registers 3.97 ton per ha yield whereas it is just 1.51 ton per ha in Chattisgarh where SRR is 44%. There are many varieties, quite older than stipulated 10 years, that are largely indented and grown due to lack of substitutes and poor varietal awareness. Because of this slow varietal awareness and replacement, rice yield still stagnates despite seeds are of assured quality. This shows varietal replacement rate is as important as seed replacement rate. The available studies also indicate that current seed system further needs to rationalize variety selection, production and multiplication of breeder seeds for ensuring seed security of farmers and this should be supplemented by measures taken to promote varietal promotion and replacement, quality seed production interventions at farmers’ level, and decentralized seed production system.

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Planting Materials Seed Systems of Finger Millet, Rice and Taro in Jumla, Kaski and Bara Districts of Nepal

Nepal Agriculture Research Journal ◽

10.3126/narj.v6i0.3343 ◽

1970 ◽

Vol 6 ◽

pp. 10-22 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Bimal K Baniya ◽

Radha K Tiwari ◽

Pashupati Chaudhary ◽

Surendra K Shrestha ◽

Pushpa R Tiwari

Keyword(s):

Seed Production ◽

Finger Millet ◽

Rice Seed ◽

Seed Selection ◽

Seed Supply ◽

Millet Seed ◽

Seed System ◽

Rice Seeds ◽

Planting Materials ◽

Informal Seed Supply

Formal and informal seed supply systems of rice (Jumla, Bara and Kaski), finger millet and taro(Kaski) were studied in three ecosites of Nepal during 1999-2001 to understand the processes ofseed flow, seed production, seed selection and storage systems. A survey was conducted at 48 to96 households. Informal seed supply was the only system in Jumla and Kaski and formal systemexisted only in Bara. The main sources of seed were farmer's own saved seed (67-91%), seedfrom neighbors and relatives. Exchange of germplasm was the main basis of fulfillment fromother sources. All farmers obtained seed from their own village, while farmers introducedmaterials occasionally from outside village. Most of the farmers followed seed selection beforeor after crop harvest. Rice field selection and plant selection based on a fixed set of criteria wasthe common practice. Non lodged plants with more grain per panicle, bold grains, well-maturedand uniform plants, long panicle, true to type, good looking grains, free from diseases andinsects were the main rice seed selection criteria. All farmers from both sites stored rice seeds bylocal methods in the locally available containers. Mor and Mudkothi are the special strawcontainers to store rice seed in Bara. Dhara is a special mud structure used to store rice seeds inJumla. Finger millet seed supply system was mostly similar to that of rice seed system. Ninetyone percent farmers saved seed for their own use; however, many of them changed finger milletseeds lots or varieties regularly for their particular plot. Ears selection during harvest by setcriteria for seed purpose was the common practice. Farmers stored finger millet seed carefully insmall locally available containers and tried their best to maintain the quality of seed duringdifferent stage of seed production. Taro has diverse planting materials: cormels, corms witheyes, suckers and corm with small cormels. Taro planting materials management is totallyinformal and almost 89% farmers saved these materials for their use and replaced them mostlyafter 3 years. Farmers had fixed criteria of corms and cormels selection for planting purpose andfocus and more on disease free. Storage of planting materials was locally by using localmaterials and methods. Understanding of seed system in various crops helps to developconservation strategy.Key words: Seed flow; seed production; seed selection; seed storage; seed systemDOI: 10.3126/narj.v6i0.3343Nepal Agriculture Research Journal Vol.6 2005 pp.39-48

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Detection of QTLs for Outcrossing-Related Traits in CSSL Population Derived from Primitive Japonica Accession Ludao in the Genetic Background of O. sativa spp. Japonica Restorer C-bao Using RSTEP-LRT Method

Agronomy ◽

10.3390/agronomy10010028 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

pp. 28

Author(s):

Lal Bux ◽

Dalu Li ◽

Muhammad Faheem ◽

Nour Ali ◽

Muzafar Hussain Sirohi ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Production ◽

Hybrid Rice ◽

Oryza Sativa L ◽

Flag Leaf ◽

Leaf Angle ◽

Ratio Test ◽

Phenotypic Variance ◽

Rice Seed ◽

Hybrid Seed Production ◽

Cms Line

The outcrossing traits in rice (Oryza sativa L.) affect the yield of hybrid seed production. Using a cytoplasmic male sterile (CMS) line with good outcrossing traits, such as short flag leaf length (FLL), narrow flag leaf width (FLW), wide flag leaf angle (FLA), and elongated panicle neck length (PNL), for hybrid rice seed production, it is possible to avoid the procedure of cutting flag leaves and make the supplementary pollination feasible by machine. In this study, a japonica restorer C-bao as the receptor parent and a primitive japonica accession Ludao as the donor parent were used to construct a chromosome segment substitution line (CSSL) population. The CSSL population was used to detect quantitative trait loci (QTLs) for the four outcrossing traits using a likelihood ratio test based on the stepwise regression (RSTEP-LRT) method. The CSSL population constructed consisted of 163 lines covering 90.7% of the donor genome. Among the seven QTLs detected in the CSSL population, four QTLs were detected in both years. qFLL-4 explained 6.70% of the two-year-averaged phenotypic variance, and the alleles from Ludao decreased FLL 5.1 cm. qFLA-1.1 and qFLA-1.2 explained 7.85% and 21.29% of the 2-year-averaged phenotypic variance respectively, and the alleles from Ludao increased FLA 17.38° and 31.50°. qPNL-8 explained 8.87% of the 2-year-averaged phenotypic variance, and the alleles from Ludao increased PNL 4.44 cm. These favorable alleles identified could be used to improve the outcrossing traits of parents for hybrid rice seed production in rice.

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Socio-economic Factors Influencing Profitability of Rice Seed Production in Selected Areas of Bangladesh

The Agriculturists ◽

10.3329/agric.v12i1.19578 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 12 (1) ◽

pp. 33-40

Author(s):

MZ Hoque ◽

ME Haque

Keyword(s):

Seed Production ◽

Crop Production ◽

Information Sources ◽

Economic Benefits ◽

Influential Factor ◽

Farm Size ◽

Economic Factors ◽

Rice Seed ◽

The Government ◽

Socio Economic Factors

Seed is the foundation of agriculture for enhancing crop production. The economic benefits from the improved quality seed production help scaling up the livelihood standard as well as nutritional status of the common people. The study was carried out in three districts namely Jamalpur, Gazipur and Manikganj to identify the socio-economic dimensions of the government seed production project beneficiaries persuading profitability of rice seed production. Data were collected through intensive survey of randomly selected 211 sample respondents using pre-tested interview schedule. To examine the profitability of rice seed production, the gross margin and cost benefit analysis were carried out. Co-efficient of correlation and multiple stepwise regressions were employed to find out the determinants of profitability in rice seed production. Rice seed production was not found to be so profitable as investment in rice seed cultivation can produce average BCR of only up to 1.44, where highest BCR was found in Jamalpur (1.58) compared to Manikganj (1.48) and Gazipur (1.26). The results revealed that socio-economic factors have a profound influence on profitability of rice seed production as these factors combined explained 54.9 percent variation. Farm size, contact with information sources, knowledge on quality rice production and age of the respondents were identified as significant contributors in profitability of rice seed production, whereas contact with information sources was the single most influential factor (24.6%). Therefore, steps may be taken so that the seed-growers could directly be linked with more information sources dealing with seed production and marketing through the government initiatives to boost up the production as well as to ensure appropriate price of the farmers home grown seed. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/agric.v12i1.19578 The Agriculturists 2014; 12(1) 33-40

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Development and Promotion of an Informal and Formal Seed System Through Farmer Participatory Seed Production of Pigeonpea (Cajanus cajanL.) in Uttar Pradesh, India

Agroecology and Sustainable Food Systems ◽

10.1080/10440046.2012.746252 ◽

2013 ◽

Vol 37 (5) ◽

pp. 531-549 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

S. K. Singh ◽

S. K. Dubey ◽

M. Ali ◽

S. N. Nigam ◽

R. K. Srivastava ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Seed Production ◽

Uttar Pradesh ◽

Seed System

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DAMPAK LETUSAN GUNUNG KELUD TERHADAP PELAKU USAHA PERIKANAN DI KABUPATEN KEDIRI, PROVINSI JAWA TIMUR

Jurnal Kebijakan Sosial Ekonomi Kelautan dan Perikanan ◽

10.15578/jksekp.v4i2.603 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 157

Author(s):

Maulana Firdaus ◽

Radityo Pramoda ◽

Maharani Yulisti

Keyword(s):

Social Status ◽

Seed Production ◽

Social Impact ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Sampling Technique ◽

Total Loss ◽

Purposive Sampling ◽

Average Value ◽

The Status ◽

The Impact

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengkaji dampak letusan Gunung Kelud terhadap pelaku usaha perikanan khususnya di Kabupaten Kediri. Penelitian dilaksanakan pada bulan April-Mei 2014 denganfokus lokasi penelitian di Kecamatan Pare, Kabupaten Kediri yang merupakan sentra penghasil benih ikan lele. Data primer dan sekunder digunakan dalam penelitian ini. Informan ditentukan dengan menggunakan teknik purposive sampling. Data yang diperoleh kemudian dianalisis secara kualitatif. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan bahwa letusan Gunung Kelud sangat berdampak pada masyarakat perikanan di Kabupaten Kediri baik secara sosial maupun ekonomi. Dampak secara sosial berupa perubahan status pembudidaya, perubahan sosial dan perubahan mata pencaharian. Secara ekonomi, dampak letusan Gunung Kelud menyebabkan 274 pembudidaya di 16 kecamatan mengalami kerugian dengan total kerugian sebesar 3,9 milyar rupiah. Rata-rata nilai kerugian yang dialami oleh setiap pembudidaya adalah 14,4 juta rupiah per orang yang meliputi kematian ikan, kematian benih ikan, kematian induk ikan, rusaknya kolam ikan, serta rusaknya peralatan budidaya.Title: The Impact of Mount Kelud Eruption To Fisheries Bussinessin Kediri District, East Java ProvinceThis study aims to assess the impact of the Kelud eruption on fisheries sector in Kediri. The study was conducted in April-May 2014 with a focus on research location in Pare Subdistrict, KediriDistrict which is the catfish seed production centers. Primary and secondary data used in this study. Informants were selected using purposive sampling technique. Data were analyzed qualitatively. The results showed that the Mount Kelud eruption greatly affected to the fisheries sector in Kediri, both socially and economically. Social impact in the form of changes in the status of farmers, changes in social status and changes in livelihood. Economically, the impact of the Kelud eruption caused 274 farmers in 16 districts experienced a loss with a total loss of 3.9 billion dollars. The average value of the losses suffered by each cultivator is 14.4 million dollars per person death of seeds, death of fish, damage to fishponds, and the destruction of farming equipment.

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STUDIES ON HYBRID RICE SEED PRODUCTION OF EGYPTIAN CYTOPLASMIC GENETIC MALE STERILE LINE SAKHA 1A / B MULTIPLICATION

Journal of Sustainable Agricultural Sciences ◽

10.21608/jsas.2016.2966 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 42 (3) ◽

pp. 379-399

Keyword(s):

Seed Production ◽

Hybrid Rice ◽

Rice Seed ◽

Male Sterile ◽

Male Sterile Line

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Evaluation of Government Programs & Policies to Eradicate Gender Disparities in Pakistan

Global Regional Review ◽

10.31703/grr.2021(vi-iii).03 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol VI (III) ◽

pp. 22-36

Author(s):

Minahil Nawaz ◽

Atif Bilal Aslam ◽

Fariha Tariq

Keyword(s):

Sustainable Development ◽

Gender Gap ◽

Secondary Data ◽

Gender Disparities ◽

Government Programs ◽

Public And Private ◽

Development Agenda ◽

Gender Based ◽

The Many ◽

Public And Private Sector

Like many other developing nations, Pakistan is also facing a gender gap in its socio-cultural spheres. Since independence, many programs and policies have been made in public and private sector domains to eradicate these gender disparities. This paper aims to evaluate these programs and policies by encountering their salient features and how far these programs and policies proved to be fruitful in bridging this gap. The evaluation is done majorly through a desk review of the secondary data drawn from reports published by different government and local organizations. Mainly, the qualitative methods of content and thematic analyses were employed for exploring the gender-based disparities, and how these are affecting the pace of development in Pakistan. Moreover, an assessment of strategies and policies addressing the problem of the gender gap has also been done. Based on the study findings, this paper presents some policy recommendations to reduce gender base disparities which is one of the many prerequisites for the promotion of sustainable development agenda as gender equality is the 5th goal of the United Nations sustainable development agenda.

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Development, Prosperity and Aspirations: A Narrative from the Peri-Urban Areas of Noida

Journal of Land and Rural Studies ◽

10.1177/23210249211051440 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 232102492110514

Author(s):

Bhawna Bali ◽

Neha Bhatia

Keyword(s):

State Government ◽

Urban Areas ◽

Industrial Development ◽

Urban Landscape ◽

Way Of Life ◽

Agrarian Economy ◽

Development Agenda ◽

Rural And Urban ◽

Economic Transformations ◽

The Cost

Urban development at city periphery as a unique process of urbanisation, manifests in distinctive spatial and socio-economic characteristics. The emergence of settlement types—an admixture of rural and urban characteristics—functionally transient between agrarian and non-agrarian economy with pervasive change in land uses and attendant livelihood sources, retreating mode of rural social norms and advancing urban way of life are remarkably obvious in peri-urban landscape of large Indian cities. The resultant socio-economic challenges for peri-urban inhabitants often create chasm between promised development agenda and their aspirations. Delving into the socio-economic transformations on account of land appropriation by the State government for urban and industrial development and ramifications of land negotiations in five peri-urban villages of Noida—this study reveals the discordant side of urbanisation benefitting urban at the cost of rural, and administrative processes which remain oblivious to the aspirations of those whose lands provided the grounds of this development agenda.

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