Development, Prosperity and Aspirations: A Narrative from the Peri-Urban Areas of Noida

2021 ◽  
pp. 232102492110514
Author(s):  
Bhawna Bali ◽  
Neha Bhatia
Keyword(s):  
State Government ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Agrarian Economy ◽  
Development Agenda ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Economic Transformations ◽  
The Cost

Urban development at city periphery as a unique process of urbanisation, manifests in distinctive spatial and socio-economic characteristics. The emergence of settlement types—an admixture of rural and urban characteristics—functionally transient between agrarian and non-agrarian economy with pervasive change in land uses and attendant livelihood sources, retreating mode of rural social norms and advancing urban way of life are remarkably obvious in peri-urban landscape of large Indian cities. The resultant socio-economic challenges for peri-urban inhabitants often create chasm between promised development agenda and their aspirations. Delving into the socio-economic transformations on account of land appropriation by the State government for urban and industrial development and ramifications of land negotiations in five peri-urban villages of Noida—this study reveals the discordant side of urbanisation benefitting urban at the cost of rural, and administrative processes which remain oblivious to the aspirations of those whose lands provided the grounds of this development agenda.

scholarly journals Cost of Management of Diabetes Mellitus: A Pan India Study

2021 ◽  
pp. 097275312199849
Author(s):  
Raghuram Nagarathna ◽  
M Madhava ◽  
Suchitra S Patil ◽  
Amit Singh ◽  
K. Perumal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Noncommunicable Disease ◽  
Cost Of Treatment ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Cost Of Disease ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Prevalence Of Diabetes Mellitus

Background: Diabetes mellitus is a major noncommunicable disease. While mortality rates are increasing, the costs of managing the disease are also increasing. The all-India average monthly expenditure per person (pppm) is reported to be ₹ 1,098.25, which translates to an annual expenditure of ₹13,179 per person. Purpose: While a number of studies have gone into the aspect of the cost of disease management, we do not find any study which has pan-India reach. We also do not find studies that focus on differences (if any) between rural and urban areas, age or on the basis of gender. We planned to report the cost of illness (COI) in diabetes individuals as compared to others from the data of a pan-India trial. Methods: Government of India commissioned the Indian Yoga Association to study the prevalence of diabetes mellitus in India in 2017. As part of the questionnaire, the cost of treatment was also captured. Data collected from 25 states and union territories were analyzed using the analysis of covriance (ANCOVA) test on SPSS version 21. Results: There was a significant difference ( P < .05) between the average expenses per person per month (pppm) of individuals with self-reported known diabetes (₹1,357.65 pppm) and others (unknown and/or nondiabetes individuals–₹ 999.91 pppm). Similarly, there was a significant difference between rural (₹2,893 pppm) and urban (₹4,162 pppm) participants and between those below (₹1,996 pppm) and above 40 years (₹5,059 pppm) of age. Conclusion: This preliminary report has shown that the COI because of diabetes is significantly higher than others pointing to an urgent need to promote disease-preventive measures.

scholarly journals AN ANALYSIS OF DEATHS FROM RURAL AND URBAN AREAS OF ANANTHAPURAMU DISTRICT DUE TO INTENTIONAL AND UNINTENTIONAL POISONING

2020 ◽  
pp. 6-8
Author(s):  
Vishnu Vardhan Poluru ◽  
Kathi Aswani Kishore ◽  
Brahmaji Master Parigala
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Holistic Approach ◽  
Lower Class ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Economic Problem ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Medicolegal Autopsy

BACKGROUND: Pesticides poisoning is most common in developing countries, whereas psychiatric medications top the list in developed countries. In this study, an analysis of deaths due to poisoning is done with respect to age, gender, nature of poisoning, type of poison, and socioeconomic status to propose some precautions to prevent deaths. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The present study is conducted after collecting details of 75 cases of intentional and unintentional poisoning who were brought to the Department of Forensic Medicine, Government Medical College, Ananthapuramu for medicolegal autopsy. Children were excluded from the study due to insufficient data. RESULTS: Total of 75 cases are selected to conduct the study. Organophosphorus poisoning tops the list. Most of the cases are suicidal in nature. Lower class people and males are involved mostly. CONCLUSION: Poisoning in India is a socio-economic problem. Regulation of sale of poisons cannot not prevent the incidence of cases. Hence a holistic approach is necessary to uplift society as a whole by solving the problems of poverty, unemployment, industrial development, adequate health care, suitable and sufficient education, etc.

Multipolar Trade and Rural–Urban Violence in Maoist India

2017 ◽  
Author(s):  
Topher L. McDougal
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Bargaining Power ◽  
Urban Violence ◽  
Trade Networks ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Power Differentials ◽  
Maoist Insurgency ◽  
Two Factors ◽  
The Cost

Does the shape or strength of the trade networks that link rural and urban areas affect the employment of violence? This chapter attempts to answer this question employing a statistical model based on GIS-derived variables, and using the case of the Maoist insurgency in rural India. It argues that (1) strong rural–urban linkages do in fact lower the intensity of violence employed by the rural Maoist insurgency against civilian people (but not against government targets or property); and (2) highly interconnected areas experience lower levels of violence against people (but not against government targets). The conclusion suggests that network structure affects bargaining power differentials between the Maoists and traders serving the area. Towns redundantly to urban areas simultaneously decrease traders’ monopoly power, while increasing the cost of Maoist capture. These two factors promote a trading relationship between Maoists and redundantly connected towns.

scholarly journals Diet and brood size in rural and urban Northern Goshawks Accipiter gentilis in southern Finland

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 3-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tapio Solonen ◽  
Heikki Lokki ◽  
Seppo Sulkava
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Brood Size ◽  
Positive Relationship ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Breeding Habitat ◽  
Accipiter Gentilis ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Wilderness Area ◽  
Northern Goshawks

The brood size in the Finnish Northern Goshawks seems to be associated with the breeding habitat and the availability of suitable prey. In this study, we examined these relationships in three study areas of different landscape structure in southern Finland, including a recently colonized urban area. The most abundant prey categories found in the food remains of the goshawk included corvids, turdids, columbids, gallinaceous birds, and squirrels. Corvids dominated in the diet samples of all the study areas. The number of turdids and columbids in the samples was significantly higher in both the rural and the urban habitats than in the wilderness area. The number of gallinaceous birds was significantly higher in the wilderness area than in other habitats. Gallinaceous birds, particularly tetraonids, the traditional staple food of the Northern Goshawk in Finland, seemed to be largely compensated by corvids in the wilderness area and by corvids and columbids in the rural and urban areas. The amount of corvids in prey showed a positive relationship with brood size, suggesting some particular importance of this prey in the goshawk diet. In all, diet seemed to explain partly between-landscape variations in the brood size of the goshawk. The brood size was significantly higher in the urban landscape than elsewhere.

scholarly journals SOCIO- AGRICULTURAL DEVELOPMENT UNDER THE INFLUENCE OF RURAL - URBAN BALANCE IN IRAN

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 1171-1177
Author(s):  
Dr. Mohammad Taghi Sheykhi
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Raw Materials ◽  
Sustainable Growth ◽  
The Other ◽  
Urban Migration ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Rural Urban Migration ◽  
Urban Productivity

The article assesses how socio-agricultural development will sustain as a result of a balanced scale of rural-urban equality. However, increasing migration from rural to urban areas highly affects productivity and the infrastructure of the productivity in urban sectors. The process of modernization is highly responsible for the change, and a motivator for rural-urban migration not only in Iran, but in China, India and many other developing countries. The emerging scenario is contributing to increasing issues. The article concludes that rural and urban, or so to say, agriculture and industry benefit each other. The paper reaches the point that rural-urban balance optimistically leads to socio-economic development and sustainable growth. On the other hand, increasing and unbridled urbanization leads to declining raw materials needed for industrial development and urban productivity. The article reflects the merits, demerits and the challenges of the current transformation.

scholarly journals Present scenario of generic medicines in India: A comparative study

2021 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 053-059
Author(s):  
Tapan Kumar Mahato ◽  
Durgeshwari Raulji
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Lower Cost ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Generic Medicines ◽  
Revolutionary Change ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
Retail Outlets ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Middle Class People

Drugs or medicines are those which are used for treatment, diagnosis, mitigation and prevention of diseases. But it’s very expensive. Not or all but for lower and middle class people taking treatment is very difficult because of the cost of the medicines. Many deaths are caused because the patient cannot afford the cost of the medicines. The entry of generic medicines in market brought a revolutionary change in healthcare system and the market share is continuously increasing. The poor and needy sections of the society are getting benefitted because these are authentic, reliable, secure, affordable and accessible for all. Now there is an option available against the high cost branded medicines. Government of India is taking lot of steps to promote the availability of generic medicines both in rural and urban areas and also taking steps to aware people that it is equally safe and effective as that of branded medicines. Many pharmaceutical companies are manufacturing generic medicines and making them available in market through retail outlets. E-pharmacies are also functioning delivering generic medicines at home. Government has opened thousands of Pradhan Mantri Bhartiya Janaushadhi Kendra (PMBJK) across the country where one can get generic medicines at much lower cost. The present article is based on the study to know the availability of generic medicines through PMBJK, comparison of prices between generic and branded medicines, reasons for the lower price of generic medicines and except PMBJK where generic medicines are available.

scholarly journals Tradable Permits for Controlling Nitrates in Groundwater at the Farm Level: A Conceptual Model

2000 ◽  
Vol 32 (2) ◽  
pp. 249-258 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cynthia L. Morgan ◽  
Jay S. Coggins ◽  
Vernon R. Eidman
Keyword(s):  
Drinking Water ◽  
Rural Areas ◽  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Nitrate Contamination ◽  
Tradable Permits ◽  
Safe Drinking Water ◽  
Rural And Urban Areas ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Cost

AbstractNitrate contamination of municipal and domestic well water supplies is becoming an increasing problem in many rural and urban areas, raising the cost of providing safe drinking water. The objective of this paper is to describe a marketable permit scheme that can effectively manage nitrate pollution of groundwater supplies for communities in rural areas without hindering agricultural production in watersheds. The key to implementing this scheme is being able to link nitrate leaching from nitrogen fertilizer applied to crops at a farm to nitrate levels measured at a drinking water well.

scholarly journals Examining the Relationship between Commercial Charcoal Production and Socioeconomic Variables in Nasarawa State, North-Central Nigeria

2020 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Ekpo Abraham Salamatu ◽  
Ozim Chukwunonso Emmanuel ◽  
Adamu Tanko Ogah
Keyword(s):  
Socioeconomic Status ◽  
State Government ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Charcoal Production ◽  
Monthly Basis ◽  
Secondary Sources ◽  
Rural And Urban ◽  
The Relationship

Charcoal is no longer a source of energy to only rural households but also a demanded commodity in urban areas around the world which has resulted in the commercialization of its production, particularly rural dwellers of developing countries such as Nigeria. Given the observed growing significance of charcoal in rural and urban livelihoods in Nasarawa State, this paper examined the relationship between commercial charcoal production and socioeconomic characteristics of the people involved in the activity. The study employed descriptive survey using both qualitative and quantitative data drawn from primary and secondary sources. Questionnaire was administered to 450 respondents randomly sampled from commercial charcoal producers drawn from 6 communities and 3 LGAs of Nasarawa State. Interviews and Focus Group Discussions were also conducted and the data obtained were analysed using descriptive and inferential statistics in Microsoft Excel and SPSS (version 23). Results showed that commercial charcoal producers in the study area were mostly between 21 and 50 years with dominance of those between 31 and 40 (30.9%) while those above 50 years were least represented (6. 9%).There was slight dominance of women (52.4%) among the producers and the they were mostly primary (44%) and secondary (35.6%) school certificate. Majority (48.2%) had household size of 4 – 6 and more than half (52.9%) were married and earned 20,000 naira and below on monthly basis (46.4%). There is strong relationship between the socioeconomic status of the respondents and commercial charcoal production in the study area. Their socioeconomic status proved to have served significant motivation to their rising involvement in the activity. Also alternative economic activities that guarantees quick monetary rewards and is all age and gender engaging as well as requires no special skill and huge capitals for a start, should be planned for and introduced in the study area by the State Government.

scholarly journals Modernizing the Economic Landscapes of the North

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 195-211 ◽  
Author(s):  
Håkan Forsell
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Industrial Development ◽  
Cultural Development ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Economic Activities ◽  
Economic Interests ◽  
Rapid Urbanization ◽  
The North ◽  
Time Period ◽  
In The Beginning

The article deals with two lines of economic and cultural development of the Swedish Norrbotten as a region subjected to a special exploitation and internal colonial power relations in the decades around 1900. It is in the first place the industrial modernization of basic industries and a modern employment market, which spurred the rapid urbanization of a landscape that previously barely created any urban areas. And second the article deals with the enlargement and the boundaries of the state’s educational territory during the same time-period. The position of the Sámi population in the new educational system that evolved with society’s gradual democratization is discussed within the context of internal colonization. Government policies in different areas such as urban planning, infrastructure, education and schooling based themselves in the beginning of the twentieth century on discussions of the Sámi’s ‘qualified dissimilarity’, a concept which also was meant to ‘protect’ this group. This was a government-sanctioned differentiation and a cultural segregationist policy to ensure a non-mixing of different societal and economic interests. But even more so, the purpose was to place the Sámi economic activities within cultural parenthesis, isolate the traditional way of life, devalue it and make it immutable and static, severing it from industrial development and the promises and materialization of modernity and progress.

scholarly journals City Greening by Rain Gardens - Costs and Benefits

2018 ◽  
Vol 29 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-5 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewelina Siwiec ◽  
Anne Maren Erlandsen ◽  
Haakon Vennemo
Keyword(s):  
Green Infrastructure ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Ground Cover ◽  
Green Roofs ◽  
Rain Gardens ◽  
Costs And Benefits ◽  
Adaptation To Climate Change ◽  
Strategic Direction ◽  
The Cost

Abstract In urban areas, the most pressing adaptation challenges are associated with the problem of poor retention of rainstorm water. Hence, recommended actions focus on improving rainwater retention in the landscape. One of the strategic direction of adaptation to climate change is including green infrastructure solutions like green roofs, green walls, water reservoirs along streets - supplying high vegetation, permeable ground cover and rain gardens. Due to a variety of proposals, the costs and benefits resulting from the implementation of a chosen solution should be regarded when selecting an appropriate action. Considering the above, the article attempts to show the costs and benefits of one of the solutions - a green garden. When analysing the cost of green garden implementation, account should be taken of the cost of investment and upholding, as well as the alternative cost of land use. Then again, the benefits of the rain garden comprise the losses avoided by limiting the effects of rainstorm as well as improving the quality and quantity of water in the urban landscape. The cost and benefit monetization makes it possible to decide on the financial viability of implementing rain gardens in the city.

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