EFFECT OF VEHICULAR EMMISSION ON SOME BIOCHEMICAL PARAMETERS AND STOMATA OF SELECTED TREES ALONG ZARIA-KADUNA HIGHWAY

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 271-277
Author(s):  
Usman Hassan ◽  
L. Upahi ◽  
M. B. Ibrahim
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Vehicular Emission ◽  
Pollution Tolerance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Polluted Sites

Biochemical and stomatal studies were conducted on selected trees along Zaria-Kaduna highway to determine their pollution tolerance level. The sites were chosen to emphasize exposure to vehicular emission pollution (VEP) and non-exposure to vehicular emission pollutants (NEP). Biochemical parameters analyzed where based on the Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) which prioritizes four biochemical parameters, namely ascorbic acid, total chlorophyll, leaf extract pH and relative water content (RWC), for pollution tolerance. Ascorbic acid and RWC were higher in plants at the polluted site with Mangifera indica showing the highest increase of 1.2mg/g while total chlorophyll decreased most significantly in Ficus polita of about 4.1mg/g.   Results from stomata studies reveal a significant difference (P ≤ 0.05) in stomatal size and stomatal index for all the trees at the polluted sites. Stomata was generally found to significantly decrease in size or increase in density for plants at the polluted sites. Results computed for APTI show M. indica (24), Anarcardium occidentale (24.1), Eucalyptus cameldulensis (17.1) and Senna siamea (18.6) having the best APTI which indicate their possible tolerance to air pollution stress while Azadirachta indica (14.4),  Ficus polita (13), G. arborea (9.4), T. catapa (15.2), Parkia biglobosa (13.4), and Tamarindus  indica (9.9) were found to be sensitive. M. indica and A. occidentale had the best APTI indices which indicate that these plants could serve as sinks in absorbing air pollutants

scholarly journals Study on Spatial and Seasonal Variation in APTI of Tree Species along Roads of Shivalik Foothills in Himachal Pradesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 247-254
Author(s):  
Anuja Bhardwaj ◽  
◽  
R. K. Aggarwal ◽  
S. K. Bhardwaj ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Monsoon Season ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Pollution Tolerance ◽  
Relative Water

The present study was conducted during the year 2018-2019 to determine the impact of road on Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) of plants growing along the road. A comparative study was done between three roads viz., National highway, State highway and Link Road. Among three roads, link road can be considered as control because vehicular emissions were minimal or non-existent. Three plants (Dalbergia sisso, Mangifera indica and Ficus palmata) were selected as per their uniform presence along all three roads. Four biochemical parameters viz., ascorbic acid, total chlorophyll, leaf extract pH and relative water content were used to calculate the air pollution tolerance index. Season wise maximum ascorbic acid, leaf extract pH and relative water content was observed during post monsoon season whereas total chlorophyll content was observed during pre monsoon season. The APTI of the selected plant species ranged from 8.23 to 10.76 during pre-monsoon and 9.03 to 11.09 during post-monsoon. Anticipated Performance Index (API) was in order of Mangifera indica with highest API grade (6) and it was excellent among plants followed by Dalbergia sisso (5) in very good and Ficus palmata (3) in moderate. Student t-test analysis of seasonal variation of biochemical parameters in leaf of selected tree species was carried out and it was observed that there was significant seasonal effect on mean values of ascorbic acid content and APTI whereas there was no impact of seasons on total chlorophyll content, leaf extract pH and relative water content.

scholarly journals Air pollution tolerance index of Mangifera indica plant species growing in the greater Dhaka region, Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-12 ◽  
Author(s):  
HE Sadia ◽  
F Jeba ◽  
ATMM Kamal ◽  
A Salam
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Acid Concentration ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Sampling Location ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Ascorbic Acid Concentration ◽  
Pollution Tolerance ◽  
Air Pollution Tolerance Index

Air pollution tolerance index (APTI) of the mango (Mangifera indica) leaves growing in the greater Dhaka region, Bangladesh was studied. Leaf samples were collected in winter season from both roadsides and residential locations of different parts of greater Dhaka region. The APTI values of the leaves were calculated from the total chlorophyll content (TCC), ascorbic acid concentration, relative water content (RWC), and pH of the leaf extract. Determined APTI values were compared with Particulate Matter (PM2.5) values in each sampling location. TCC and ascorbic acid concentration were determined with a UV-Visible spectrophotometer. TCC values varied between 0.25 and 1.10 mg/g with an average of 0.66 mg/g. The average concentration of ascorbic acid was 2.21 mg/g (values ranging from 0.33 to 3.24 mg/g) and the RWC varied from 81.5% to 97.4%. Moreover, pH values of the leaf extracts were found acidic (4.48-5.78). The average APTI values varied depending on the locations with a total average of 10.1. However, the average APTI value in the residential area (10.5) was slightly higher compared to roadsides (9.70) indicating the existence of high-level pollutions at the roadsides. The highest APTI value was observed in Dhaka city sampling location (10.6) where the lowest value was found in Narayangonj (9.70). APTI values showed a strong correlation with particulate matter concentrations (PM2.5). These results suggest that Mangifera indica is very sensitive to the air pollutants. J. Biodivers. Conserv. Bioresour. Manag. 2019, 5(1): 1-12

scholarly journals APTI (AIR POLLUTION TOLERANCE INDEX) OF TREES IN LOHAGAON AREA IN PUNE CITY IN DIFFERENT SEASONS

2020 ◽  
pp. 44-49
Author(s):  
Erum F H Kazi ◽  
Dr. Satish Kulkarni
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Water Content ◽  
Relative Water Content ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Pollution Tolerance ◽  
Mango Tree ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Pm 10

Air Pollution is having severe impact on Roadside trees of Lohegaon area. Plant samples were collected in and around Airport area. It was found that concentration of PM 10 was found to be highest in all seasons studied and had impact on trees. Plant studied were Indian Rosewood , Tamarind tree, Mango tree, Rain tree, Neem tree, Peepal tree. p H was found to be highest in Mango tree, Relative water content (RWC) was found to highest in Tamarind tree, Total Chlorophyll content in Mango tree, Ascorbic acid was found to be highest in Peepal tree. APTI was found to be highest in Peepal and lowest in Tamarind tree KEYWORDS: Air Pollutants, APTI of plants, Total Chlorophyll, Ascorbic acid, p H of leaf Relative water Content ( RWC)

scholarly journals AIR POLLUTION TOLERANCE INDEX OF SOME SELECTED GYMNOSPERM SPECIES ALONG THE ROAD SIDE OF KATHMANDU VALLEY, NEPAL

2017 ◽  
Vol 24 ◽  
pp. 13-19 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jaya Prakash Hamal ◽  
Mukesh Kumar Chettri
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Kathmandu Valley ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Pinus Roxburghii ◽  
Cedrus Deodara ◽  
The Road ◽  
Pollution Tolerance ◽  
Air Pollution Tolerance Index ◽  
Polluted Sites

Response of plants towards air pollution is assessed by air pollution tolerance index (APTI). Four species of Gymnosperms (Thuja orientiales, Cedrus deodara, Pinus roxburghii and Araucaria bidwillii) were evaluated for APTI. Leaves were collected during winter season from polluted sites (Airport, Dhumbarahi, Jawalakhel, Ratnapark, and Sankhapark) and less polluted site (Narayanthan) of Kathmandu valley. Of four gymnosperm species collected from road side, all species (Cedrus deodara, Araucaria bidwillii, Thuja orientiales and Pinus roxburghii) showed high value of APTI (i.e., more than 8), indicating their resistance to air pollution.ECOPRINT 24: 13-19, 2017

scholarly journals Air Pollution Tolerance Index for Selected Species of Plants in Roadside Highways at Allahabad, Uttar Pradesh, India

2020 ◽  
pp. 247-254
Author(s):  
Rahul Nishad ◽  
Harsh Bodh Paliwal ◽  
Makhan Singh Karada ◽  
Dheer Agnihotri
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Ascorbic Acid ◽  
Azadirachta Indica ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Saraca Asoca ◽  
Pollution Tolerance ◽  
Minimum Value ◽  
Ficus Benghalensis ◽  
Maximum Value ◽  
Air Pollution Tolerance Index

In recent years air pollution is one of the biggest problems in the world. Owing to the transboundary dispersion of contaminants around the world, air pollution has its own peculiarities. In a much planned urban setup industrial pollution takes a backseat and cooler admission takes the president's as the major cause of urban air pollution in the present investigation your pollution torrents index was calculated for various plant species growing around the Allahabad Highway. Five plants available commonly in all locations were selected for the present research namely Azadirachta indica (Neem), Delonix regia (Gulmohar), Saraca asoca (Ashok), Ficus benghalensis (Bargad), Ficus religiosa (Pepal). Using normal procedures, ascorbic acid, leaf extract pH, overall chlorophyll, relative water content and air quality tolerance index were analysed. Both plants tested in both areas have been shown to be pollution-sensitive, varying from 02.29 to 12.53. No pollution tolerant organisms studied were found. The maximum value of pH was 7.8 found in Neem tree spp. (Azadirachta indica) in Rewa Road (NH-35) and the minimum value of pH was 5.9 found in Gulmohar tree spp. (Delonix regia) in Varanasi Road (NH-19), The maximum value of RWC (89.99 %) found in Ashok tree spp. (Saraca asoca) and the minimum value of RWC (58.64 %) found in Neem tree spp. (Azadirachta indica) in Mirzapur Road site (NH-76). The maximum value of Total Chlorophyll Content was 1.55 mg/g found in Ashok tree spp. (Saraca asoca) in Mirzapur Road (NH-76) and the minimum value of Total Chlorophyll Content was 0.71 mg/g found in Bargad tree spp. (Ficus benghalensis) in Control Site and Rewa Road (NH-35). The maximum value of Ascorbic Acid (1.07 mg/g) found in Ashok tree spp. (Saraca asoca) in Rewa Road site (NH-35) and the minimum value of Ascorbic Acid (0.39 mg/g) found in Pepal tree spp. (Ficus religiosa) in Mirzapur Road site (NH-76) The variance may be due to alternative biochemical parameters being reflected. Plant can filter the air through aerial elements especially through their twigs stem leaves air pollution management is the better manage by the afforestation program. Air pollution tolerance index (APTI) is an intrinsic quality of tree to control air pollution problem which is currently of major concern of local urban locality. The trees having higher tolerance index rate or tolerant towards air pollution and can be used as a major component to reduce air pollution whereas the tree having less tolerance index can be an indicator to know the rate of air pollution. Hence, it is essential to protect the plants.

scholarly journals Assessment of Air Pollution Tolerance and Particulate Matter Accumulation of 11 Woody Plant Species

Atmosphere ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (8) ◽  
pp. 1067
Author(s):  
Huong-Thi Bui ◽  
Uuriintuya Odsuren ◽  
Kei-Jung Kwon ◽  
Sang-Yong Kim ◽  
Jong-Cheol Yang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Particulate Matter ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Pinus Densiflora ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
High Concentration ◽  
Urban Green Spaces ◽  
Pollution Tolerance ◽  
Cornus Officinalis ◽  
Significant Difference

High concentration of particulate matter (PM) threatens public health and the environment. Increasing traffic in the city is one of the main factors for increased PM in the air. Urban green spaces play an important role in reducing PM. In this study, the leaf surface and in-wax PM (sPM and wPM) accumulation were compared for 11 plant species widely used for landscaping in South Korea. In addition, biochemical characteristics of leaves (ascorbic acid chlorophyll content, leaf pH, and relative water content) were analyzed to determine air pollution tolerance. Plant species suitable for air quality improvement were selected based on their air pollution tolerance index (APTI) and anticipated performance index (API). Results showed a significant difference according to the accumulation of sPM and wPM and the plant species. PM accumulation and APTI showed a positive correlation. Pinus strobus showed the highest PM accumulation and APTI values, while Cercis chinensis showed the lowest. In 11 plants, API was divided into five groups. Pinus densiflora was classified as the best group, while Cornus officinalis and Ligustrum obtusifolium were classified as not recommended.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Air Pollution Tolerance Index and Anticipated Performance Index of Selected Plant Species

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
pp. 239
Author(s):  
Winifred Uduak Anake ◽  
Jacinta Eigbefoh Eimanehi ◽  
Conrad Asotie Omonhinmin
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Plant Species ◽  
Performance Index ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Acacia Auriculiformis ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Green Belt ◽  
Pollution Tolerance ◽  
Air Pollution Tolerance Index ◽  
Anticipated Performance Index

This study reports a combination of two indices, air pollution tolerance index (APTI) and anticipated performance index (API) as viable tools for selecting suitable plants for pollution abatement program. Leaf samples of 6 plant species; Mangifera indica, Araucaria heterophylla, Elaeis guineensis, Syzygium malaccense, Acacia auriculiformis, and Chrysophyllum albidium were collected from an industrial and academic areas at Ado-Odo, Ota, Nigeria; during the dry season of January to March 2018. Biochemical parameters; leaf-pH, relative leaf water content, total chlorophyll content, and ascorbic acid content were analyzed to compute the APTI values. Combined APTI, botanical and socioeconomic indices were graded to evaluate the API of the different plant species. The APTI for the species ranged between 4.79 and 10.7, ideal for sensitive species category (APTI < 11), and the plants are classified as bio indicators of air pollution. The API indicates Mangifera indica and Syzygium malaccense (API = 4) as good performers while Chrysophyllum albidum is a moderate performer (API = 3). The three tree species were identified as suitable green belt plants and thus valuable additions to the green belt development plant list in tropical Africa.

scholarly journals Effect of vehicular pollution on Duranta repens L. in Jammu City

2011 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 211-218
Author(s):  
Anil K. Raina ◽  
Chand Bala
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Biochemical Parameters ◽  
Epidermal Cells ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Vascular Bundles ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Vehicular Pollution ◽  
The Road ◽  
Pollution Tolerance ◽  
Potted Plants

Experimental potted plants of Duranta repens has been exposed to air pollution at major traffic crossings-Amphalla chowk, Dogra chowk, Bikram chowk, Satwari chowk of Jammu city and also inside University Campus in the department which has been taken as a reference site. Sets of 10 plants were kept at each site and analyzed for various micro morphological, anatomical and biochemical parameters to assess the changes due to air pollution. Analysis of data revealed that micro-morphological parameters viz. stomatal frequency, epidermal cell frequency increased significantly while others like size of the stomata, epidermal cells and length, breadth ratio of the epidermal cells decreased significantly in plants kept at polluted location. All the anatomical parameters such as thickness of midrib region, midrib adjoining region, spongy tissue, upper epidermis and vascular bundles decreased significantly in exposed plants. Among biochemical parameters chlorophyll b decreases significantly while ascorbic acid increases significantly. Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI) has also been calculated and found to increase significantly in plants kept at polluted location which indicate that the Duranta repens serve as sink to air pollutants and can be effectively employed for phyto-monitoring auto exhaust pollution along the road side of the busy traffic ways.

scholarly journals Roadside Plants as Bio-indicators of Urban Air Pollution

2020 ◽  
pp. 321-326
Author(s):  
J. R. Mulay
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Leaf Extract ◽  
Traffic Density ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Total Chlorophyll ◽  
Pollution Tolerance ◽  
Air Pollution Tolerance Index ◽  
Relative Water ◽  
Bougainvillea Spectabilis ◽  
Roadside Plants

This paper describes air pollution tolerance among roadside plants exposed to varying degrees of vehicular pollutants. Evaluation of air pollution tolerance index (APTI) of 10 selected wild plant species was carried out to assess their response to ambient levels of air pollutants along the busy roadways of Ahemadnagar Four parameters namely total chlorophyll, ascorbic acid, pH of leaf extract and relative water content were determined and computed together to signify air pollution tolerance index (APTI) of plants. The observed significant reduction in total chlorophyll, ascorbic acid and relative water content showed inverse relationship with traffic density. Similarly, pH of leaf extract followed an exponential decrease with increase in traffic density and drifted towards acidic range. Comparison of APTI values from control to polluted sites revealed maximum reduction in Bougainvillea spectabilis while least change was noted in Peltophorum pterocarpum. Among the plants studied maximum net per cent reduction of APTI over control was seen in Bougainvillea spectabilis and Ageratum conyzoides and are considered to be sensitive species. While Peltophorum pterocarpum and Portulaca oleraceae are tolerant species since they have shown least per cent reduction in APTI.

scholarly journals Usefulness of Tree Species as Urban Health Indicators

Plants ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. 2797
Author(s):  
Edina Simon ◽  
Vanda Éva Molnár ◽  
Domonkos Lajtos ◽  
Dina Bibi ◽  
Béla Tóthmérész ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Air Pollution ◽  
Tree Species ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Elemental Concentration ◽  
Robinia Pseudoacacia ◽  
Health Indicators ◽  
Tolerance Index ◽  
Pollution Tolerance ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Celtis Occidentalis

We used the Air Pollution Tolerance Index (APTI), the amount of PM5 and PM10, and the elemental analysis of leaves to explore the sensitivity of tree species to air pollution. We assessed the tolerance of Robinia pseudoacacia, Acer saccharinum, Tilia × europaea, Acer platanoides, Fraxinus excelsior, Betula pendula, Celtis occidentalis, and Platanus × acerifolia to the amount of dust, APTI, and the elemental concentration of leaves. Leaves were collected in Debrecen (Hungary), which has a high intensity of vehicular traffic. The highest amount of PM (both PM10 and PM5) was found on the leaves of A. saccharinum and B. pendula. Our results demonstrated that A. saccharinum was moderately tolerant, while P. acerifolia was intermediate, based on the APTI value. There was a significant difference in the parameters of APTI and the elemental concentration of leaves among species. We found that tree leaves are reliable bioindicators of air pollution in urban areas. Based on the value of APTI, A. saccharinum and P. acerifolia, and based on PM, A. saccharinum and B. pendula are recommended as pollutant-accumulator species, while other studied species with lower APTI values are useful bioindicators of air pollution. The results support landscape engineers and urban developers in finding the best tree species that are tolerant to pollution and in using those as proxies of urban environmental health.

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