THE CASE OF IMMIGRANT PARENTS IN RAISING THEIR MULTILINGUAL CHILDREN

This qualitative research investigated real events in the case of immigrant parents in raising their multilingual children. This focused to find out what kinds of the parenting style to make their children multilingual, how the processes occurred, and what the language problems during the multilingual children process were. In conducting this research, natural social phenomenon methods in interview transcript, field notes, visual materials, photographs, video recordings, documented human experiences whose data were collected and analyzed. There were three findings, they were (1) there are two styles of parenting applied by 8 parents, involves: 7 parents applied the authoritative parenting styles, and 1 parents applied authoritarian style in raising their multilingual children. (2) There are many processes that are done by parents in raising their multilingual children. Dominantly, multilingual children have used to learn multilingual languages from their parents and environments, their parents always familiarize themselves to always be able to adjust in social, cultural, habits, geographical residence, and so on, which is always supported by the situations, and conditions occurred at that time. (3) There are only two kids are found to have a problem, namely dyslexia and code switching.

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The study of the relationship between parenting styles and risk-taking in adolescents in only-child families in Qazvin city

International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health ◽

10.1515/ijamh-2019-0074 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 0 (0) ◽

Author(s):

Nezal Azh ◽

Reza Zeighami ◽

Tahereh Ataei ◽

Maryam Mafi

Keyword(s):

Parenting Style ◽

Parenting Styles ◽

Risk Taking ◽

Health Centers ◽

Authoritative Parenting ◽

Average Risk ◽

Only Child ◽

High Risk Behaviors ◽

Adolescent Risk ◽

Authoritative Parenting Style

AbstractObjectivesRisk-taking reasons in adolescents are divided into four cognitive, emotional, socio-environmental, and family factors. Structure, composition, and size of family as well as parenting styles effect on the development of creative abilities, transmitting cultural and social values, and the amount of adolescent risk-taking. The present study aimed to evaluate the tendency toward high-risk behaviors based on ways of interacting with children in only-child families.MethodsThis research is a descriptive analytical study. The research population was only-child adolescents and one of their parents who referred to health centers in Qazvin city to receive healthcare. The sampling has been conducted in census method. The data collection tools were adolescents’ risk-taking questionnaires and Baumrind Parenting style Inventory which were completed by adolescents and one parent, respectively. The questionnaires were completed in health centers of Qazvin City, and the sampling was conducted since February to September 2018. The SPSS version 24 was used to analyze the data.ResultsOne hundred and seventeen adolescents aged between 13 and 19 years together with one of their parents participated in this study. The majority of the mothers were housewives (62.9%) and fathers were either employees or self-employed (76.9%). Authoritative parenting style was the most dominant parenting style amongst parents (93%), and the majority of the samples (78%) had the least amount of risk. The average risk-taking score of adolescents was 23.3 ± 61.29 and the highest risk-taking behavior was dangerous driving (12.83). Risk-taking amount was negatively correlated with authoritative parenting style (r = −0.20, p = 0.28), while having direct and meaningful correlation with the permissive style (r = 0.20, p = 0.02).ConclusionThe authoritative parenting style in only-child families has been a dominant trend that justifies the intimate parent-children relationships and decreases the risk-taking amount of adolescents. Therefore, parents are suggested to focus on increasing their relationship with their adolescents, rather than reducing their family size.

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The Relationship of Parenting Styles to Social Phobia among Early Adolescent Students

Journal of Educational and Psychological Studies [JEPS] ◽

10.24200/jeps.vol9iss1pp179-196 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 9 (1) ◽

pp. 179

Author(s):

Esraa J. Hamdan ◽

Ahmad Y. Al-Jawarneh

Keyword(s):

Social Phobia ◽

Parenting Style ◽

Parenting Styles ◽

Grade Level ◽

Authoritative Parenting ◽

Adolescent Students ◽

Permissive Parenting ◽

Authoritative Parenting Style ◽

Relationship Of ◽

The Relationship

This study aimed at investigating the relationship of parenting styles with social phobia among a sample of 1028 early adolescent students. To achieve the objective of the study, short forms of the parenting styles scale and a social phobia scale were used.Results showed that the participants' highest scores were on the father's authoritative and mother's authoritative parenting styles. In addition, there were significant interactions between gender and grade level on all parenting styles. The results also showed statistically significant differences in social phobia due to gender, grade level and the interaction between them, for gender was females scored higher than males. With regard to grade level seventh graders scored higher than eighth graders.The results indicated that there were significant relationships between parenting styles and social phobia, with the exception of the relationship between mother's authoritative parenting style and social phobia. Regarding the parenting styles predicting social phobia by gender, it was found that for males and females, the predictive parenting styles were: Mother's permissive parenting style and father's authoritarian parenting style. Regarding the parenting styles predicting social phobia by grade level, it was found that for seventh grade, the predictive styles were: Mother's permissive parenting style, father's permissive parenting style and father's authoritative parenting style, respectively. For eighth grade, the predictive styles were: Father's permissive parenting style, mother's permissive parenting style and father's authoritarian parenting style.

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AGGRESSIVE BEHAVIOR: REVISITING THE INFLUENCE OF PARENTING STYLES AND RELIGIOUS COMMITMENT AMONG YOUTH (A STUDY OF SOUTH PUNJAB PAKISTAN)

Psychology and Education Journal ◽

10.17762/pae.v57i9.4386 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 57 (9) ◽

pp. 7056-7067

Author(s):

Muhammad Umair Ashraf, Et. al.

Keyword(s):

Aggressive Behavior ◽

Parenting Style ◽

Parenting Styles ◽

Religious Commitment ◽

Negative Relationship ◽

Influential Factor ◽

Equation Modeling ◽

Authoritative Parenting ◽

Authoritarian Parenting ◽

Significant Negative Relationship

In times negative parenting practices are the main risk factor for antisocial aggressive behavior among youth, howeverin this context, there is dearth of research studies that investigates the influence of parenting styles and religious commitment among aggressive behavior of youth. Correspondingly, the purpose of this research to examine the influence of parenting styles and religious commitment on aggressive behavior among youth of south Punjab, Pakistan. For this purpose, a cross-sectional research was designed.A totalN=381 male and females’ students from three renowned public sector universities of south Punjab were targeted through multi-stage sampling technique. However, the validation of adapted scales has been analyzed by employing confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), however, structural equation modeling (SEM) method has been used for hypotheses testing. The findings showed that authoritative parenting styles has significant negative relationship with aggressive behavior, in contrast, permissive and authoritarian parenting style have significant positive relationship with aggressive behavior. Additionally, religious commitment has significant negative relationship with aggressive behavior.This study concluded that permissive and authoritarian parenting styles are the influential factor in the development of aggressive behavior, while religious commitment and authoritative parenting style are negatively influence on antisocial aggressive behavior

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Relationship Between Parenting Styles And Subjective Well-Being Of Undergraduate Youths In The University Of Port Harcourt

Advances in Social Sciences Research Journal ◽

10.14738/assrj.712.9279 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 7 (12) ◽

pp. 599-610

Author(s):

Amininiye Macgregor Manuel ◽

Ntiedo Asuquo

Keyword(s):

Multiple Regression ◽

Parenting Style ◽

Parenting Styles ◽

Well Being ◽

Authoritative Parenting ◽

Subjective Well Being ◽

Port Harcourt ◽

Research Questions ◽

Authoritative Parenting Style ◽

The University

This study investigated the relationship between parenting styles and subjective well-being among undergraduate youths in the University of Port Harcourt using the correlational research design. The study was guided by five research questions and their corresponding null hypotheses. The sample for the study was composed of 400 undergraduate students drawn using the purposive sampling technique. Two instruments were used for data collection which were the parenting style inventory and the subjective well-being inventory. The instruments were assessed for reliability and validity and were shown to be suitable. Data analysis was done using linear regression and multiple regression for answering the research questions, while ANOVA associated with linear and multiple regression were used to test the null hypotheses. Result showed that authoritative parenting style had the highest independent prediction on the subjective well- being of youths, while authoritarian had the least independent prediction. On the basis of the result obtained, it was recommended that parents adopt the authoritative parenting style when dealing with their children so as to achieve an optimal state of subjective well-being.

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Parenting Styles and their Influence on Child's Dental Behavior and Caries Status: An Analytical Cross-Sectional Study

Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry ◽

10.17796/1053-4625-44.1.2 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 44 (1) ◽

pp. 8-14

Author(s):

S Viswanath ◽

S Asokan ◽

PR Geethapriya ◽

K Eswara

Keyword(s):

Parenting Style ◽

Parenting Styles ◽

Rating Scale ◽

Fold Increase ◽

Cross Sectional Study ◽

Authoritative Parenting ◽

Cross Sectional ◽

Authoritarian Parenting ◽

Behavior Rating Scale ◽

Permissive Parenting

Aim: The present study aimed to evaluate the association between parenting styles, child's behavior in dental setting and dental caries status. Study design: Children aged 3–7 years on their first dental visit were included in the study. Their parents were asked to complete Parenting Style Dimension Questionnaire (PSDQ) to assess their parenting style. Oral prophylaxis was performed for the children and their behavior was assessed using Frankl behavior rating scale. Their caries status was recorded using DMFT/deft index. Results: Out of 315 parents, 240 parents exhibited authoritative parenting style, 45 exhibited permissive and 30 exhibited authoritarian parenting style. Permissive parenting was associated with four-fold increase in the child's negative dental behavior and authoritarian parenting showed two-fold increase in the negative behavior of children compared to authoritative parenting. Children of both authoritative and authoritarian parents showed less caries status and the permissive parenting depicted threefold increase in the caries status compared to authoritative parenting. Conclusion: Children of both the permissive and authoritarian parents showed more negative dental behavior than children of authoritative parents. Children of permissive parents showed increased caries status compared to the children of authoritative parents.

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Association between Parenting Styles and Dental Caries in Preschool Children

THE JOURNAL OF THE KOREAN ACADEMY OF PEDTATRIC DENTISTRY ◽

10.5933/jkapd.2020.47.1.78 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 47 (1) ◽

pp. 78-86

Author(s):

Miso Lee ◽

Minkyung Tak ◽

Jaegon Kim ◽

Yeonmi Yang ◽

Daewoo Lee

Keyword(s):

Preschool Children ◽

Oral Health ◽

Dental Caries ◽

Parenting Style ◽

Parenting Styles ◽

Authoritative Parenting ◽

Evaluation Tool ◽

The Mean ◽

Authoritative Parenting Style ◽

The Relationship

This study aimed to evaluate the relationship between parenting styles and childhood dental caries using a sample of 3 to 6 years old children in Korea. The subjects were 158 children aged 3 to 6 years old and their parents in Korea. The parenting styles were divided into three groups (authoritative, authoritarian, and permissive) using a translated version of the Parenting Styles and Dimensions Questionnaire (PSDQ). Among the 353 parents/child dyads, 158 questionnaires were returned. Authoritative parenting style was the majority (95.6%), followed by authoritarian (3.8%), and permissive (0.6%). There were no statistically significant differences between dental caries and parenting styles. The mean of dft index in authoritative group was lower than others. In the authoritative domain, the higher the authoritative tendency, the lower the dft index. Overall, authoritative parenting styles resulted in low rates of dental caries for the children. The stronger the authoritative tendency of the parents, the lower the experience of dental caries in the children. Therefore, parenting styles were likely to affect the oral health of a child, but it seemed necessary to supplement the evaluation tool to evaluate the parenting styles.

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The Relationship between Parenting Style and The Risk of Drug Abuse Among Youth

‘Abqari Journal ◽

10.33102/abqari.vol21no1.224 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 21 (1) ◽

pp. 25-35

Author(s):

Siti Nubailah Mohd Yusof ◽

Ahmad Shamimi Abu Bakar ◽

Rezki Perdani Sawai

Keyword(s):

Drug Abuse ◽

Parenting Style ◽

Parenting Styles ◽

Social Issues ◽

Pearson Correlation ◽

Authoritative Parenting ◽

Authoritarian Parenting ◽

Permissive Parenting ◽

Authoritative Parenting Style ◽

The Relationship

Drug abuse is one of the most serious social issues in Malaysia. Therefore, this quantitative study was conducted to identify the relationship between parenting styles and the risk of drug abuse among youths. A set of questionnaires were distributed to respondents at IKTBN Chembong. A total of 123 students of IKTBN Chembong were involved in this study. Two instruments were used in this study, Baumrind's Parenting Styles Questionnaire (1967) and the Drug Abuse Screening Test (DAST-20). The results showed that authoritative parenting style was the highest style used by parents (37.86%) followed by authoritarian parenting style (35.32%) while permissive parenting style was (30.01%). Testing for hypotheses was carried out using the Pearson Correlation test. The findings show that there is a significant correlation between permissive parenting style and drug abuse risk (r = .61). Authoritarian parenting lifestyle with drug abuse risks showed a weak and positive relationship (r =.119) while for authoritative parenting style with drug abuse risks showed a weak and negative relationship (r = .005). The implication of this study is the importance of parenting styles in dealing with the risks of drug abuse against youth in the future.

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POLA ASUH ORANGTUA DAN KECENDERUNGAN DELINKUENSI PADA REMAJA

Psibernetika ◽

10.30813/psibernetika.v10i1.1039 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Garvin Garvin

Keyword(s):

Juvenile Delinquency ◽

Parenting Style ◽

Parenting Styles ◽

Quantitative Research ◽

Authoritative Parenting ◽

Emotional Instability ◽

Authoritarian Parenting ◽

Permissive Parenting ◽

Authoritative Parenting Style ◽

High Level

Adolescents undergo drastic changes in terms of physical, cognitive, emotional, and psychosexual aspects. Those changes result in unstable emotions within themselves. Accompanied with high level of curiosity as a process of searching for identity, this emotional instability causes adolescents to frequently engage in actions that do not comply with the rules and norms of the society, known as juvenile delinquency. This stud aims at discovering whether permissive, authoritative, and authoritarian parenting styles are related to juvenile delinquency tendency. The participants of this study are 151 students from X school. This study can be considered as a quantitative research with correlational non-experimental design. Due to abnormal data distribution, Spearman correlation test was used to analyze the data. This study concluded that authoritarian and permissive parenting styles are not related to juvenile delinquency tendency (p>0.05) whereas authoritative parenting style is significantly related to juvenile delinquency tendency (p<0.05). Furthermore, the direction of the relationship between authoritative parenting style and juvenile delinquency tendency revealed negative correlation, which means the more authoritative the parenting style is, the lower the tendency will be. Keywords: Juvenile delinquency, authoritative parenting style, authoritarian parenting style, permissive parenting style

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Parenting Style, Familism, and Youth Adjustment in Mexican American and European American Families

Journal of Cross-Cultural Psychology ◽

10.1177/0022022119839153 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 50 (5) ◽

pp. 659-675 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Nicole E. Mahrer ◽

Lindsay E. Holly ◽

Linda J. Luecken ◽

Sharlene A. Wolchik ◽

William Fabricius

Keyword(s):

Cultural Values ◽

Parenting Style ◽

Parenting Styles ◽

Externalizing Problems ◽

Mexican American ◽

Authoritative Parenting ◽

European American ◽

Internalizing And Externalizing Problems ◽

Youth Outcomes ◽

Internalizing And Externalizing

Authoritative parenting is typically considered the gold-standard parenting approach based on studies with largely European American (EA) samples. The current study evaluated a novel, “no-nonsense” parenting style in Mexican American (MA) and EA families, not captured by traditional classifications. Parenting styles of mothers and fathers, cultural values, and youth internalizing and externalizing problems were assessed in 179 MA ( n = 84) and EA ( n = 95) parents and adolescents across 2 years (seventh to ninth grade). MA families showed a higher proportion of “no-nonsense” parenting, characterized by high levels of acceptance as well as harsh discipline and rejection, compared with EA families. Cultural values influenced the link between parenting styles and youth outcomes across ethnicity such that when parents endorsed low adherence to familismo values, authoritative parenting predicted lower youth internalizing and externalizing problems compared with the “no-nonsense” parenting. Yet when parents endorsed strong adherence to familismo values, the authoritative and no-nonsense parenting functioned similarly. Findings have implications for the development of culturally competent parenting interventions that may lead to positive outcomes in youth from diverse ethnic and cultural backgrounds.

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Parenting styles, family structure and adolescent dietary behaviour

Public Health Nutrition ◽

10.1017/s1368980009992217 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 13 (8) ◽

pp. 1245-1253 ◽

Cited By ~ 84

Author(s):

Natalie Pearson ◽

Andrew J Atkin ◽

Stuart JH Biddle ◽

Trish Gorely ◽

Charlotte Edwardson

Keyword(s):

Family Structure ◽

Parenting Style ◽

Parenting Styles ◽

Analysis Of Covariance ◽

Dietary Behaviour ◽

Authoritative Parenting ◽

Dietary Behaviours ◽

Authoritative Parenting Style ◽

Main Effects ◽

Unhealthy Snacks

AbstractObjectiveTo examine associations between parenting styles, family structure and aspects of adolescent dietary behaviour.DesignCross-sectional study.SettingSecondary schools in the East Midlands, UK.SubjectsAdolescents aged 12–16 years (n 328, 57 % boys) completed an FFQ assessing their consumption of fruit, vegetables, unhealthy snacks and breakfast. Adolescents provided information on parental and sibling status and completed a seventeen-item instrument measuring the general parenting style dimensions of involvement and strictness, from which four styles were derived: indulgent, neglectful, authoritarian, authoritative.ResultsAfter controlling for adolescent gender and age, analysis of covariance revealed no significant interactions between parenting style and family structure variables for any of the dietary behaviours assessed. Significant main effects for family structure were observed only for breakfast consumption, with adolescents from dual-parent families (P < 0·01) and those with no brothers (P < 0·05) eating breakfast on more days per week than those from single-parent families and those with one or more brother, respectively. Significant main effects for parenting style were observed for all dietary behaviours apart from vegetable consumption. Adolescents who described their parents as authoritative ate more fruit per day, fewer unhealthy snacks per day, and ate breakfast on more days per week than those who described their parents as neglectful.ConclusionsThe positive associations between authoritative parenting style and adolescent dietary behaviour transcend family structure. Future research should be food-specific and assess the efficacy of strategies promoting the central attributes of an authoritative parenting style on the dietary behaviours of adolescents from a variety of family structures.

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