scholarly journals Relationship between Speed Characteristics and Traffic Safety on Freeways in Mainland China

2018 ◽  
Vol 47 (4) ◽  
pp. 318-328 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ziyue Tang
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Mainland China ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Average Speed ◽  
Regression Methods ◽  
Nonlinear Regression Method ◽  
Speed Standard Deviation

Based on the traffic accidents statistical data of 10 typical freeways in mainland China, by using of some kinds of regression model, the influences of the average vehicle speed and the speed standard deviation on the traffic safety are studied. According to the regression results, the accidents show an increasing trend with the increase of the vehicle average speed and the speed standard deviation. On this basis, in view of the regression results, the strategy is put forward for controlling the vehicle average speed and the speed standard deviation, which has important theoretical and practical significance for improving highway safety. After a comprehensive comparison among these regression methods, it is found that the nonlinear regression method of user-defined model expression has the best fitting effect, and it can also more accurately describe the objective reality. It has high practicality and popularized value.

Research on Safety Vehicle Distance Recognition Based on Stereo Vision and DSP

2013 ◽  
Vol 333-335 ◽  
pp. 805-810 ◽  
Author(s):  
Rong Bao Chen ◽  
Ning Li ◽  
Hua Feng Xiao ◽  
Wei Hou
Keyword(s):  
Stereo Vision ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Intelligent Transportation ◽  
Research Area ◽  
Measurement Range ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Target Vehicle ◽  
Operation Rate ◽  
The Right

With the development of economy, there are an increasing number of cars as well as traffic accidents, thus intensifying the need to take measures to reduce traffic accidents and protect the safety of life and property. Vehicle distance is one of the most important indexes of traffic safety. The measurement of safety vehicle distance has become an increasingly hot research area of intelligent transportation. Through analyzing the basic principle of stereo vision and calibrating the parameters of the CCD sensors both inside and outside, this paper comes up with a method to measure the former vehicle distance based on stereo vision and DSP. Once the vehicle speed and distance form a non-security association, it will give a warning, and upload data or force speed-limiting. According to the different coordinates of the obtained images of the target vehicle from the left and the right sensor, this method can identify feature points, calculate distance to the target vehicle, and analyze the security of vehicle distance. The experimental results show that this method has wide measurement range, high measurement accuracy, and fast operation rate, thus it can meet the actual needs of the measurement of safe vehicle distance in intelligent transportation.

scholarly journals Study of the Effects of Alcohol on Drivers and Driving Performance on Straight Road

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaohua Zhao ◽  
Xingjian Zhang ◽  
Jian Rong
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Linear Trend ◽  
Blood Alcohol Concentration ◽  
Driving Performance ◽  
Alcohol Concentration ◽  
Accident Rate ◽  
Significant Linear Trend ◽  
Lane Position

Drinking driving is responsible for a high proportion of traffic accidents. To study the effects of alcohol on drivers and driving performance, 25 drivers’ subjective feelings and driving performance data in different blood-alcohol concentration (BAC) levels were collected with simulated driving experiment. The investigation results revealed that alcohol affected drivers in many aspects, including attitude, judgment, vigilance, perception, reaction, and controlling. The analysis of accident rate showed that higher BAC level would lead to higher accident rate. The statistical analysis results of driving performance indicated that average speed, speed standard deviation, and lane position standard deviation were significantly higher under the influence of alcohol. They also had a statistically significant linear trend as the function of BAC level. The discrimination of drinking driving based on driving performance was performed with Fisher discrimination method. The results showed that drinking driving with higher BAC level was easier to discriminate from normal driving. Also, the results indicated that the three significant indicators on straight roadway could be used in the discrimination of drinking driving state. The conclusions can provide references for the study of drinking driving and the identification of driving state and then contribute to traffic safety.

scholarly journals Risk Distribution Characteristics and Optimization of Short Weaving Area for Complex Municipal Interchanges

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-10
Author(s):  
Yonggang Liao ◽  
Yong Yang ◽  
Zhenzhong Ding ◽  
Kaimin Tong ◽  
Yanjie Zeng
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Optimization Method ◽  
Distribution Characteristics ◽  
Original Design ◽  
Average Speed ◽  
Absolute Value ◽  
Risk Distribution ◽  
Result Analysis ◽  
Traffic Organization ◽  
Speed Standard Deviation

This paper is focused on analyzing the risk distribution characteristics in short weaving areas of urban interchanges. The study was carried out on merge-diverge weaving areas with different lengths of 350 m, 450 m, and 550 m. To evaluate and identify the risk, the average speed, speed standard deviation, acceleration range, and average absolute value of acceleration were selected as indicators. Vissim simulation was applied to collect the identification indicator value of 21 typical lane sections. The results show that the risk is concentrated at the 3/4 section and exit section of the outer lane. The vehicle-operating status of the inner and middle lanes is almost unaffected. The operating speed of the outer lane is approximately 4/5 of the same position in the inner lane at 3/4 of the length of the weaving segment, while the speed standard deviation is approximately 2 times greater, and the acceleration range is approximately 2–3 times greater. Moreover, the acceleration of the average absolute value is also approximately 2–3 times greater. To balance the risk distribution, an optimization method is proposed based on the result analysis. Compared with the original design, the results show that a reasonable method of traffic organization for the complex weaving area can effectively improve the risk distribution in the weaving area and reduce the high peak of risk concentration. These results provide a basis for the optimization method and traffic organization of short weaving areas of municipal interchanges.

scholarly journals Effects of Visual Active Deceleration Devices on Controlling Vehicle Speeds in a Long Downhill Tunnel of an Expressway

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (15) ◽  
pp. 6753
Author(s):  
Fu Wang ◽  
Dengjun Gu ◽  
Yuanyuan Li ◽  
Wei Liu ◽  
Guoyun Wang
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Road Tunnel ◽  
Obvious Effect ◽  
Average Speed ◽  
Environment Changes ◽  
Fold Line ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Passing Ability ◽  
Tunnel Entrance

Because the inside of a road tunnel is a closed strip, the driving environment changes suddenly at the tunnel entrance and exit, which is why accidents occur more frequently in tunnels than elsewhere. Based on visual psychology, reverse-perspective-illusion deceleration lines (RPIDLs) and visual-intervention deceleration devices (VIDDs) were designed to control vehicle speeds near the entrance and in the middle of a tunnel, respectively. Then, to assess the speed-controlling performance of the RPIDLs and VIDDs for vehicles in a long downhill tunnel, laser velocimeters were used to measure the vehicle speeds at different observation points in the tunnel before and after implementing the RPIDLs and VIDDs. The results show that the RPIDLs and VIDDs decreased the average vehicle speed and controlled its dispersion effectively. The 60 m RPIDLs improved the traffic safety in the tunnel without lessening the passing ability therein. The slash-line VIDD had no obvious effect on the maximum vehicle speeds in the middle of the tunnel. Both the 90° fold-line VIDD and the four-yellow–four-white VIDD decreased the maximum vehicle speeds significantly. The 60 m RPIDLs and the 90° fold-line VIDD gave the best deceleration effect on vehicles near the entrance and in the middle of the tunnel, respectively, and controlled the average speed and its dispersion effectively.

scholarly journals Less Temptation To Exceed The Speed Limit Or Towards Vision Zero

2021 ◽  
Vol 1202 (1) ◽  
pp. 012042
Author(s):  
Viktoras Lapinas ◽  
Mantas Kišonas
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Road Network ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Road Traffic ◽  
Speed Limit ◽  
Rural Roads ◽  
Average Speed ◽  
Safety Programme ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Vision Zero

Abstract In 2020 the Lithuanian Government approved traffic safety programme Vision Zero. One of the integral measures applied to improve traffic safety and to reduce the number of road traffic infringements is the development of average speed cameras’ network on state significance roads. It is planned that the network of average speed cameras will cover more than 800 km of state significance road network in Lithuania in 2020-2021. Initially, it was planned to implement these measures only on rural roads. However, taking into consideration the principles of road eligibility for average speed camera installation, some road sections crossing the so-called linear settlements were selected to test the impact of such systems on driving habits as well. It is presumed that from the beginning of exploitation of these systems the reduction in the consequences of severe traffic accidents on the selected most dangerous state significance road sections will be observed.

Anti-Rear-End Collision Warning System Based-on Zigbee for Highway Vehicle

2011 ◽  
Vol 130-134 ◽  
pp. 3511-3514
Author(s):  
Wen Jun Li ◽  
Kui Feng ◽  
Hong Kun Zhang
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Early Warning ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Warning System ◽  
Traffic Information ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Safe Distance ◽  
Collision Warning ◽  
Distance Model ◽  
Pretreatment Time

The majority of traffic accidents on the highway is rear-end collision. According to statistics about ninety percent rear-end collision can be avoided if there is 1 second pretreatment time for drivers. So it is necessary to develop automotive rear-end collision warning system to prevent the occurrence of accidents. The anti-rear-end collision warning system based on Zigbee technology is designded in this paper. Vehicle speed, acceleration and other traffic information among the nodes can be exchanged on real-time by using self-organizing wireless sensor networks consisted by Zigbee network nodes. A vehicle safe distance model is established after considered the effects of other traffic safety factors, and then, the actual distance measured by radar is compared with the safe distance so as to provide early warning, alarm and other driving information to drivers. The experiment results show that the system can effectively provide early warning, avoid rear-end collision, and improve active safety of vehicles.

scholarly journals Skid resistance demands of asphalt pavement during the braking process of autonomous vehicles

2019 ◽  
Vol 275 ◽  
pp. 04002
Author(s):  
Zheng Binshuang ◽  
Chen Jiaying ◽  
Zhao Runmin ◽  
Huang Xiaoming
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Autonomous Vehicles ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Skid Resistance ◽  
Safe Driving ◽  
Emergency Braking ◽  
Braking Distance ◽  
Technical Specifications

As the main operationality of AVs, the braking property is directly related to traffic safety. Major traffic accidents are often related to the braking distance, the side slip and hydroplaning during the emergency braking, which depends on the pavement skid resistance. Therefore, the estimation to relate AVs braking distance requirements with pavement peak friction coefficient to ensure a safe driving condition on expressway is of high practical significance. In this paper, the effect of AVs on braking performance parameters and dynamic friction on tire-pavement interaction are investigated. Based on the field test of the Coastal highway in Jiangsu province of China, this paper proposes an algorithm to determine time-dependent braking distance of AVs considering pavement frictional properties. According to the algorithm, an AVs braking system is provided to reach the maximum braking force for improving the AVs traffic safety. Furthermore, it revises the braking distance formula of Design Specification for Highway Alignment and the skid resistance threshold adopted by Technical Specifications for Maintenance of Highway Asphalt Pavement.

scholarly journals A Distribution Method of High Precise Differential Corrections for a Network Beidou/RTK System Based on Vehicular Networks

2015 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 140-150
Author(s):  
Jian Liu ◽  
Hongjiang Zheng ◽  
Wei Chen ◽  
Huiheng Liu
Keyword(s):  
High Precision ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Vehicular Networks ◽  
Field Tests ◽  
Urban Traffic ◽  
Practical Significance ◽  
Distribution Method ◽  
Differential Corrections ◽  
Navigation Service

Abstract In recent years urban traffic safety has become a widely concerned issue due to the increasing traffic accidents caused by the growth of private car ownership. A very promising method is to provide high precision navigation service to prevent accidents. Therefore, a Network BDS/RTK System Based on Vehicular Networks (NBRSBVNs) is proposed for high precision positioning in an urban complex traffic environment in this paper. This system considers comprehensively the characteristics of the vehicular network and network RTK techniques, and also provides a new distribution method of high precision differential correction information. According to the massive field tests, this system scheme can support real-time and online high precision navigation service of multiple users at the same time. It has important practical significance in applications for vehicles active safety in a complex urban environment.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Pedestrian Safety Service Provision Using Sensing Technology

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (16) ◽  
pp. 9333
Author(s):  
Ki-Man Hong ◽  
Sang-Hoon Son ◽  
Jong-Hoon Kim
Keyword(s):  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Child Protection ◽  
Traffic Accidents ◽  
Pedestrian Safety ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Protection Zone ◽  
Road Section ◽  
Sensing Technology ◽  
Approach Speed ◽  
Pedestrian Traffic

In this study, we describe the results of an analysis of the effectiveness of providing pedestrian safety services, in terms of reducing pedestrian traffic accidents. We conducted our analysis by investigating the speed of vehicles at two different demonstration points, where the same system and service were provided. For this purpose, we selected a child protection zone and a point on a general road section where a raised crossing is installed. We conducted vehicle speed surveys at the point adjacent to the crosswalk and the points where the driver is expected to be fully provided with information, in order to examine the change in vehicle approach speed, depending on the provision of the service. Overall, the analysis showed that the vehicle’s speed at the point and approaching speed decreased when the pedestrian safety service was provided; however, the effect was more pronounced in the child protection zone, considering the characteristics of the demonstration points. From these results, we conclude that it is necessary to provide services and develop guidelines considering the surrounding environment, such as traffic safety facilities and road safety facilities, according to the characteristics and classification of each point, in order to provide efficient pedestrian safety services.

scholarly journals Analysis of Freeway Safety Influencing Factors on Driving Workload and Performance Based on the Gray Correlation Method

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Lian Xie ◽  
Chaozhong Wu ◽  
Min Duan ◽  
Nengchao Lyu
Keyword(s):  
Standard Deviation ◽  
Influencing Factors ◽  
Traffic Safety ◽  
Vehicle Speed ◽  
Horizontal Curve ◽  
Lane Departure ◽  
Correlation Degree ◽  
Driving Workload ◽  
The Mean ◽  
And Performance

Human-related factors are a crucial inducement of traffic accidents. Understanding the influence of freeway environments on the driving behavior and workload experienced by drivers has been demonstrated to be of primary importance for improving traffic safety. To study the effect of alignment, traffic flow, and sign information on drivers’ mental workload and behavior, 16 scenarios were constructed using the orthogonal design method, and simulated driving experiments were carried out with 45 participants. During driving, indicators such as the mean and standard deviation of vehicle speed and lane departure were collected, and the NASA-TLX questionnaire was adopted to measure workload. Analysis of variance results indicated that the radius of the horizontal curve, gradient, flow, and sign information level have a significant influence on drivers’ workload and speed keeping ability. In addition, the horizontal curve radius has a significant effect on lane keeping ability. The importance of safety influencing factors on driving workload and performance was quantitatively ranked by integrating the trend of Deng’s correlation degree, comprehensive correlation degree, and similar correlation degree, whose weight was calculated using the entropy method. Traffic sign information was found to have the greatest impact on workload. In terms of driving performance, traffic volume has the greatest influence on the mean and standard deviation of vehicle speed, followed by the amount of sign information. Lane departure is most affected by the radius of the horizontal curve. These findings provide guidance for freeway traffic safety regulation, including workload control and road facility optimization.

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