scholarly journals Assessment of the Impact of Seafarers' Professional Experience on the Perception of Risk Factors from the Perspective of Polish Container Ships Crews Members

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ludmiła Filina-Dawidowicz ◽  
Daria Możdrzeń ◽  
Włodzimierz Rosochacki
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Human Factor ◽  
Professional Experience ◽  
Container Shipping ◽  
Perception Of Risk ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Professional Groups ◽  
The Impact

Safety of navigation is the important issue especially related to the dynamically developing container shipping. The main purpose of the article is to demonstrate the results of research on the perception of risk factors by seafarers working on container ships in terms of their professional experience. The ranking of risk factors considering their impact on the safety of container shipping has been created. An additional goal of the research was to acquire the knowledge on ships crews members' assessment of the impact of the human factor on the safety of navigation, including factors related to the organization of seafarers' work (systemic aspects) and those directly resulting from the operations carried out on ship. The assessment of risk factors affecting the navigation safety was performed from the perspective of Polish crew members working on container ships. The research was carried out with the use of an empirical study questionnaire. 161 seafarers' opinions were analyzed. On the basis of the created risk factors ranking analysis, it was found that seafarers perceive the human factor, and consider both the systemic and the work-related aspects having the greatest impact on the safety of container shipping. Moreover, the conducted non-parametric Pearson chi-square independence test proved the hypothesis that assessments of the five highest rated risk factors, reviewed by studied young and experienced professional groups of seafarers, didn’t differ significantly.

scholarly journals Systematic Literature Review on Burden of Clostridioides difficile Infection in India

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 ◽  
pp. 2632010X2110138
Author(s):  
Canna J Ghia ◽  
Shaumil Waghela ◽  
Gautam S Rambhad
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Multiple Testing ◽  
Final Analysis ◽  
Antibiotic Usage ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
North India ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Clostridioides Difficile ◽  
The Impact

Background: Owing to limited diagnostic facilities and surveillance protocols, there is a paucity on the prevalence data of Clostridioides difficile infections (CDIs) in developing countries such as India. Objective: The aims of these studies are (1) to determine the prevalence of CDI in India, (2) to understand the risk factors of CDI, and (3) to determine the impact of different diagnostic methods on reported CDI rates. Method: A systematic literature search was conducted using PubMed and Google Scholar database to identify Indian studies reporting the prevalence of CDI. A total of 31 studies, published between 1990 and 2020 were included in the final analysis. A chi-square test was used to determine statistically significant association between prevalence rates, accuracy of different diagnosis methods, and antibiotic usage rates of CDI. Results: The prevalence of CDI was in the range of 3.4% to 18%, and the difference between regional prevalence of CDI was statistically significant ( P < .001). The use of antibiotics, hospital stay, comorbidities, recent surgery, and the use of proton-pump inhibitors was considered as risk factors for the development of CDI. Compared to other regions, the rate of antibiotic usage was significantly higher in North India ( P < .001). Among different diagnostic methods, C. difficile detection was significantly higher with enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (18.02%) versus other multiple testing methods used ( P < .001). Conclusion: There is a significant burden of CDI across the country. Further surveillance studies are required to monitor changes in prevalence of CDI, risk factors, and accuracy of diagnosis methods for a better understanding of the disease burden in India.

scholarly journals Deep brain stimulation hardware–related infections: 10-year experience at a single institution

2019 ◽  
Vol 130 (2) ◽  
pp. 629-638 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kingsley O. Abode-Iyamah ◽  
Hsiu-Yin Chiang ◽  
Royce W. Woodroffe ◽  
Brian Park ◽  
Francis J. Jareczek ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Deep Brain Stimulation ◽  
Brain Stimulation ◽  
Single Institution ◽  
Chi Square ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Exact Test ◽  
Vancomycin Powder ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Deep Brain

OBJECTIVEDeep brain stimulation is an effective surgical treatment for managing some neurological and psychiatric disorders. Infection related to the deep brain stimulator (DBS) hardware causes significant morbidity: hardware explantation may be required; initial disease symptoms such as tremor, rigidity, and bradykinesia may recur; and the medication requirements for adequate disease management may increase. These morbidities are of particular concern given that published DBS-related infection rates have been as high as 23%. To date, however, the key risk factors for and the potential preventive measures against these infections remain largely uncharacterized. In this study, the authors endeavored to identify possible risk factors for DBS-related infection and analyze the efficacy of prophylactic intrawound vancomycin powder (VP).METHODSThe authors performed a retrospective cohort study of patients who had undergone primary DBS implantation at a single institution in the period from December 2005 through September 2015 to identify possible risk factors for surgical site infection (SSI) and to assess the impact of perioperative (before, during, and after surgery) prophylactic antibiotics on the SSI rate. They also evaluated the effect of a change in the National Healthcare Safety Network’s definition of SSI on the number of infections detected. Statistical analyses were performed using the 2-sample t-test, the Wilcoxon rank-sum test, the chi-square test, Fisher’s exact test, or logistic regression, as appropriate for the variables examined.RESULTSFour hundred sixty-four electrodes were placed in 242 adults during 245 primary procedures over approximately 10.5 years; most patients underwent bilateral electrode implantation. Among the 245 procedures, 9 SSIs (3.7%) occurred within 90 days and 16 (6.5%) occurred within 1 year of DBS placement. Gram-positive bacteria were the most common etiological agents. Most patient- and procedure-related characteristics did not differ between those who had acquired an SSI and those who had not. The rate of SSIs among patients who had received intrawound VP was only 3.3% compared with 9.7% among those who had not received topical VP (OR 0.32, 95% CI 0.10–1.02, p = 0.04). After controlling for patient sex, the association between VP and decreased SSI risk did not reach the predetermined level of significance (adjusted OR 0.32, 95% CI 0.10–1.03, p = 0.06). The SSI rates were similar after staged and unstaged implantations.CONCLUSIONSWhile most patient-related and procedure-related factors assessed in this study were not associated with the risk for an SSI, the data did suggest that intrawound VP may help to reduce the SSI risk after DBS implantation. Furthermore, given the implications of SSI after DBS surgery and the frequency of infections occurring more than 90 days after implantation, continued follow-up for at least 1 year after such a procedure is prudent to establish the true burden of these infections and to properly treat them when they do occur.

Occupational health of workers in underground occupations producing polymetalliccopperzinc ores

2020 ◽  
pp. 9-23
Author(s):  
Elmira Shaikhlislamova ◽  
Liliya Karimova ◽  
Alfiya Volgareva ◽  
Nadezhda Muldasheva
Keyword(s):  
Occupational Health ◽  
Risk Level ◽  
Upper Respiratory Tract ◽  
Mining Operations ◽  
Occupational Factors ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Republic Of Bashkortostan ◽  
The Republic ◽  
The Impact

In mining operations, including those in the Republic of Bashkortostan, the health of workers is not good, due to the impact of adverse occupational factors, as evidenced by the level of occupational morbidity in the industry. In this regard, the solution of issues of workers’ health protection is the most significant in occupational health. The working conditions of male workers of the main underground occupations of the enterprise producing copper-zinc ores have been studied. We have evaluated the dependence of the identified diseases on occupational factors and findings on occupational morbidity between 1997 and 2018. The results of the studies indicate a complex of adverse factors affecting the workers of underground occupations that determine the evels and structure of work-related morbidity, including occupational, the main forms of which are vibrational disease, sensorineural hearing loss, diseases of the musculoskeletal and respiratory systems. Diseases of the musculoskeletal system, upper respiratory tract and arterial hypertension with a risk level from «medium» to «very high» are regarded to be work-related. The greatest number of cases of occupational morbidity among the underground occupations has been established among drifters, fasteners, and mining technicians. Preventive measures aimed at modifying occupational factors and improving medical support for enterprise workers have been developed.

scholarly journals How to improve the assessment of the impact of occupational diseases at a national level? The Netherlands as an example

2018 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 30-32 ◽  
Author(s):  
Henk F van der Molen ◽  
Carel TJ Hulshof ◽  
P Paul FM Kuijer
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
The Netherlands ◽  
Systematic Reviews ◽  
Occupational Diseases ◽  
National Level ◽  
Chronic Obstructive ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
Attributable Fractions ◽  
The Impact

ObjectiveTo explore the impact of occupational diseases (ODs) through estimations of population attributable fractions (PAFs) in a national context.MethodsPAFs were calculated for eight prevalent ODs using existing data on the prevalence of exposure to risk factors at work and the strength of their association with diseases based on systematic reviews. Six systematic reviews with meta-analyses and two overview papers were selected. All addressed the relationship between occupational exposure to work-related risk factors for these eight prevalent ODs. Prevalence figures for exposure to work-related risk factors were retrieved from the Dutch National Working Conditions Survey (NWCS) based on self-reports by approximately 40 000 workers. The specific risk factors retrieved from the reviews were matched with the available and dichotomised self-reported exposure items from the NWCS by two authors.ResultsThe eight frequently reported ODs among the Dutch working population revealed PAFs varying between 3% and 25%. Lateral epicondylitis and distress/burnout had the highest attributable fractions, with percentages of 25% and 18%, respectively. For knee osteoarthritis (13%), shoulder soft tissue disorders (10%) and non-specific low back pain (10%) approximately 1 in 10 cases were attributable to work. PAFs for irritant contact dermatitis, noise-induced hearing loss and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease were 15%, 6% and 3%, respectively.ConclusionData from systematic reviews and self-reported data on exposure provide opportunities to estimate the impact of ODs. For the Netherlands, they revealed substantial and varying attributions of work for prevalent diseases.

scholarly journals Analysis of Features Affecting Contracted Rate of Return of Korean PPP Projects

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (6) ◽  
pp. 3311
Author(s):  
Kangsoo Kim ◽  
Jinoh Kim ◽  
Donghyung Yook
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Private Investment ◽  
Rate Of Return ◽  
Internal Rate Of Return ◽  
Private Partnership ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Negotiation Behavior ◽  
Operation Period ◽  
Financing Costs ◽  
The Impact

Various risk factors influence the success of public–private partnership (PPP) projects. This study analyzes the risk attributes of PPP projects and develops a regression model based on a 20-year PPP project database to quantitatively analyze the factors affecting the contracted internal rate of return (CIRR) of PPP projects. Although the risk factors of PPP projects have been widely studied, the factors affecting CIRR have not been explored. Information from the intra-info DB system managed by Korea Development Institute was used to calculate the impact of the variables on CIRR. It was observed that the CIRR of Korea’s PPP projects did not reflect the risks associated with the facility types, service area, amount of private investment, and operation period accurately. Financing costs did not demonstrate a statistically significant relationship with the CIRR either. Furthermore, the CIRR of projects with a minimum revenue guarantee option was found to be higher than that of projects without. The CIRR of the current project was found to be closely related to the number of bidding competitors and the CIRR values of previous projects that are similar to the current one. This is attributed to a failure in the bureaucratic negotiation behavior of the parties due to their avoidance of responsibilities.

scholarly journals The impact of tool selection on back and wrist injury risk in tying steel reinforcement bars: a single case experiment

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Helen Lingard ◽  
Isaac Selva Raj ◽  
Noel Lythgo ◽  
Olga Troynikov ◽  
Chris Fitzgerald
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Injury Risk ◽  
Single Case ◽  
Wearable Sensors ◽  
Musculoskeletal Injury ◽  
Steel Reinforcement ◽  
Whole Body ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Trunk Inclination ◽  
The Impact

The paper explores the risk of work-related musculoskeletal injury in tying steel reinforcement bars. Three tools are compared to determine the extent to which ergonomic tools can reduce the risk of injury to the back and wrist in steel-tying. A whole body system of wearable sensors was used to measure biomechanical risk in tying. Three tools were assessed to determine their impact on the risk of work-related musculoskeletal injury when used at different heights. These were: a conventional pincer-cutting tool; a power-driven tying tool, and a long handled stapler tool. No tool was found to work best in all situations. The long handled stapler tool significantly reduced trunk inclination when used from ground to shoulder height, but produced higher trunk extension (backward bending) when used above shoulder height. The power tying tool did not reduce the need to bend when working at lower work heights. The power-tying tool produced significantly lower peak wrist flexion values compared to the conventional pincer-cutter tool at all work heights except overhead. The power tying tool involved significantly lower levels of wrist rotation than the conventional pincer-cutter tool at all work heights above knee level. Many assessments of ergonomic risk factors in construction rely on observational methods. The use of small, lightweight wearable sensors permits the objective measurement of biomechanical risk factors for work-related musculoskeletal injury, as well as providing objective performance data that can be used in the design and selection of task-specific tools. Our analysis of work by height also provides insight into the way in which risk factors and reduction opportunities afforded by different tools vary depending on the height at which work is to be performed.

scholarly journals Factors associated with headache and neck pain among telecommuters – a five days follow-up

2021 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Mariève Houle ◽  
Arianne Lessard ◽  
Émile Marineau-Bélanger ◽  
Arnaud Lardon ◽  
Andrée-Anne Marchand ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Neck Pain ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Multivariate Regression Model ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Related Risk ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Headache And Neck Pain

Abstract Background The current sanitary crisis brought on by the COVID-19 recently forced a large proportion of workers to adopt telecommuting with limited time to plan transition. Given that several work-related risk factors are associated with headache and neck pain, it seems important to determine those associated with headache and neck pain in telecommuters. The main objective of this study was to identify which telecommuting and individual associated factors are related with headache and neck pain occurrence in telecommuters over a five days follow-up. The second objective was to evaluate the impact of wearing a headset on headache and neck pain intensity in telecommuters. Methods One hundred and sixty-two participants in telecommuting situation were recruited. Baseline assessment included sociodemographic data, headache and neck pain-related disability (6-item Headache Impact Test (HIT-6) and Neck Bournemouth Questionnaire (NBQ)), headache and neck pain frequency and intensity as well as questions about the wearing of a headset (headset wearing, headset type and headset wearing hours). A prospective data collection of headache, neck pain and headset wearing was conducted using daily e-mail over a 5-day follow-up. A stepwise multivariate regression model was performed to determine associated factors of headache or neck pain occurrence during the follow-up. A t-test was conducted to assess the impact of headset wearing on headache and neck pain intensity during the follow-up. Results Regarding headache, the stepwise multivariate regression model showed that the HIT-6 score was associated with future headache occurrence in telecommuters (OR (95% CI) = 1.094 (1.042–1.148); R2 = 0.094; p <  0.001). For neck pain, the stepwise multivariate regression showed that the NBQ score was related to future neck pain occurrence in telecommuters (OR (95% CI) = 1.182 (1.102–1.269); R2 = 0.182; p <  0.001). T-test showed no difference between participants that wore a headset and participant that did not wore a headset on mean headache (p = 0.94) and neck pain (p = 0.56) intensity during the five days follow-up. Conclusion Although several work-related risk factors are associated with headache and neck pain in workers, telecommuting did not present the same risks. Working set-up did not have a significant impact on headache and neck pain as headache-related disability was the only associated factor of future headache episodes and neck-pain related disability was the only associated factor of future neck pain episodes. Also, wearing a headset had no impact on headache and neck pain in telecommuters.

scholarly journals Work Related Complaints among Dentists

2008 ◽  
Vol 47 (170) ◽  
Author(s):  
Bikram Prasad Shrestha ◽  
GK Singh ◽  
SR Niraula
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Back Pain ◽  
Neck Pain ◽  
Shoulder Pain ◽  
Musculoskeletal Complaints ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Common Complaint ◽  
Study Population ◽  
The Mean

The objective of this study was to describe the occurrence of neck pain, shoulder pain and back painamong dentists and to assess the risk factors affecting them.Sixty-eight dentists from Dharan and Biratnagar were interviewed using pretested questionnairesin January 2006. Back pain was the most common complaint affecting almost 80% of the study population, followed by neck pain (58.8%) and shoulder pain (47%). The frequency of shoulder pain among female dentists was nearly double that of males (P=0.009). The mean days of neck painamong males was significantly higher as compared to females (P=0.048). The study suggests that musculoskeletal complaints are commonamongdentists,thoughtheyarenot of severenature.Thereis a scope forfurtherdecreasingtheprevalence andseverityofthesedisordersbyperformingregularspecific exercises.Key words: back pain, dentists, neck pain, shoulder pain

The impact of stress and lifestyle factors on short-term sickness absence in a large Danish industrial company

2021 ◽  
pp. 140349482110608
Author(s):  
Niss B.S. Nielsen ◽  
Lars Gunnarsen ◽  
Kim M. Iburg
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Sickness Absence ◽  
Binary Logistic Regression ◽  
Short Term ◽  
Work Related ◽  
Related Stress ◽  
The Cost ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire ◽  
Industrial Company

Objectives: Work-related stress and certain lifestyles have been associated with sickness absence among employees. We analysed relations between stress and lifestyles (as risk factors) and short-term sickness absence among employees of a large Danish industrial company. Moreover, we analysed the impact of risk factors on short-term sickness absence. Methods: A self-administered questionnaire was completed by 7753 employees (67% response rate). Relations between risk factors (dyssomnia, low physical activity, alcohol, smoking, unhealthy food habits, overweight and stress) and short-term sickness absence were analysed by calculating etiologic fractions and binary logistic regression. Relations between the number of risk factors and short-term sickness absence were also analysed. Finally, the cost of short-term sickness absence from risk factors was estimated to illustrate the potential savings in avoided loss of productivity that could be gained from intervention programmes. Results: Stress, overweight, smoking and dyssomnia are significantly related to short-term sickness absence. Etiologic fractions revealed that these factors were associated with between 29.8% and 37.8% of short-term sickness absence. The number of risk factors was also related to the risk and length of sickness absence. Conclusions: This study identified risk factors that could be addressed by intervention programmes to reduce short-term sickness absence. Based on the results, focus on the risk factors that account for most short-term sickness absence and reduction of the number of risk factors could potentially reduce short-term sickness absence. A 30% reduction is equivalent to an avoidance of a loss of productivity of 4.5%, corresponding to €9.4 million per year.

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