Track 3.b Introduction: Measuring and communicating the value of design

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jo’Anne LANGHAM ◽  
Neil PAULSEN ◽  
Ingo RAUTH ◽  
Nina TERREY ◽  
Chrystia CHUDCZAK
Keyword(s):  
Business Strategy ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Critical Factor ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Good Design ◽  
High Performing ◽  
Measure Design ◽  
Politics Of Design ◽  
Speed To Market

Although design has become synonymous with innovation, a tool for good leadership and is seen as a critical factor in the success of many high performing organisations, it is still considered by many as a luxury that comes at the expense of stakeholder resources and speed to market. Many organisations must still be persuaded to employ design.  Design strategy, or the politics of design, is emerging as a critical issue required to overcome the powerful forces that often inhibit the implementation of good design. Some organisations have attempted to measure design, but it is still an inconclusive practice. How do we make design impact, visible and measurable? How do designers convince decision makers of the tangible and enduring benefits of good design? How do organisations know that their designs are having the desired impact? This track explored the theme of transforming business strategy, organisational practice and culture, influencing management decisions and impacting citizens through design evaluation. We were particularly interested in describing and providing metrics for the value of design.  We were also looking to explore the ways that practitioners and academics have evaluated the success of design in organisations and society. The papers presented in this track were widely dispersed under this theme using a arrange of qualitative and quantitative research approaches.

Haunted by a Doppelgänger

2014 ◽  
Vol 61 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bettina von Helversen ◽  
Stefan M. Herzog ◽  
Jörg Rieskamp
Keyword(s):  
Relevant Information ◽  
Psychological Research ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Human Judgment ◽  
Rule Based ◽  
New Employees ◽  
High Performing ◽  
Facial Similarity ◽  
Similarity Effect ◽  
Judgment Strategy

Judging other people is a common and important task. Every day professionals make decisions that affect the lives of other people when they diagnose medical conditions, grant parole, or hire new employees. To prevent discrimination, professional standards require that decision makers render accurate and unbiased judgments solely based on relevant information. Facial similarity to previously encountered persons can be a potential source of bias. Psychological research suggests that people only rely on similarity-based judgment strategies if the provided information does not allow them to make accurate rule-based judgments. Our study shows, however, that facial similarity to previously encountered persons influences judgment even in situations in which relevant information is available for making accurate rule-based judgments and where similarity is irrelevant for the task and relying on similarity is detrimental. In two experiments in an employment context we show that applicants who looked similar to high-performing former employees were judged as more suitable than applicants who looked similar to low-performing former employees. This similarity effect was found despite the fact that the participants used the relevant résumé information about the applicants by following a rule-based judgment strategy. These findings suggest that similarity-based and rule-based processes simultaneously underlie human judgment.

Young Adults’ Contextualization of Environmental and Sustainability Issues: A Critical Issue for Environmental Education Intervention

2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Anthony KOLA-OLUSANYA
Keyword(s):  
Young Adults ◽  
Environmental Education ◽  
Lived Experiences ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Research Approach ◽  
Face To Face ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Depth Interviews ◽  
Insight Into

As soon as decision makers are expected to make differences towards sustainable future, young adults’ ability to make informed and sound decisions is considered essential towards securing our planet. This study provides an insight into young adults’ knowledge of key environment and sustainability issues. To answer the key research questions, data were obtained using a qualitative phenomenographic research approach and collected through 18 face-to-face in-depth interviews with research participants. The findings of this study suggest that young adults lived experiences that play a huge role in their level of awareness of topical environmental and sustainability issues critical to humanity’s future on earth. 

scholarly journals A Predictive Model of Pandemic Disaster Fear Caused by Coronavirus (COVID-19): Implications for Decision-Makers

2022 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
pp. 652
Author(s):  
Vladimir M. Cvetković ◽  
Neda Nikolić ◽  
Adem Ocal ◽  
Jovana Martinović ◽  
Aleksandar Dragašević
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Model ◽  
Multivariate Regression ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Disaster Risk ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Regression Analyses ◽  
Socioeconomic Characteristics ◽  
Significant Public Health ◽  
Research Questions ◽  
Structured Questionnaire

This paper presents quantitative research results regarding a predictive model of pandemic disaster fear caused by the coronavirus disease (COVİD-19). The aim of this paper was to establish the level and impact of certain demographic and socioeconomic characteristics on pandemic disaster fear caused by the coronavirus (COVID-19). The research was conducted using a questionnaire that was provided and then collected online for 1226 respondents during May 2021. A closed, five-point Likert scale was used to create the structured questionnaire. The first section of the questionnaire included research questions about the participants’ socioeconomic and demographic characteristics, while the second section included issue questions about fear caused by COVID-19. The results of multivariate regression analyses showed the most important predictor for fear of COVID-19 to be gender, followed by age and education level. Furthermore, the results of t-tests showed statistically significant differences between men and women in terms of different aspects of pandemic disaster fear caused by the coronavirus disease. Our results have several significant public health implications. Women who were more educated and knowledgeable, married, and older, reported a greater fear of the outbreak at various levels. Decision-makers can use these findings to identify better strategic opportunities for pandemic disaster risk management.

Creating the Environment for High Performing Distributed Teams

2011 ◽  
pp. 264-278
Author(s):  
Tim Rahschulte ◽  
Jim Steele
Keyword(s):  
Human Resource Development ◽  
Human Resource ◽  
Market Share ◽  
Business Strategy ◽  
Distributed Teams ◽  
Business Success ◽  
Profit Margins ◽  
High Performing ◽  
The People ◽  
Complex Landscape

The organizational workforce has always been a complex landscape. The varying personalities, demographics, and needs have challenged organizations to be legal, fair, and just, while simultaneously competing for market share and profit margins. Although these conditions are not mutually exclusive, due to the global reach for market share and use of supporting technologies, workforces have grown increasingly diverse over the past three decades. Organizations have looked to their Human Resource (HR) division to support business strategy, growth, and development. While a few have stepped up to accommodate, many HR divisions have struggled to support business needs in perhaps the greatest time of flux in modern day business. This is creating a serious issue for most organizations who recognize the competitive way forward is through effective Human Resource Development (HRD). Business success has always been about the people and it will continue to be so. Therefore, organizations struggling to develop their workforce to perform in complex, highly distributed situations will continue to lag (often far behind) the effective workforces of their competitors. This chapter offers best and next practices from HRD leaders accommodating the needs of their businesses.

Collaborative Engineering for Enhanced Producibility by Ontology-Based Integration of Design and Production

2009 ◽  
pp. 166-187 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredrik Elgh ◽  
Staffan Sunnersjö
Keyword(s):  
Engineering Design ◽  
Business Strategy ◽  
Manufacturing Systems ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Production Engineering ◽  
Product Systems ◽  
High Level ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Requirement Specifications ◽  
Design And Production

Many companies base their business strategy on customized products with a high level of variety and continuous functional improvements. For companies to be able to provide affordable products in a short time and be at the competitive edge, every new design must be adapted to existing production facilities. In order to ensure this, collaboration between engineering design and production engineering has to be supported. With the dispersed organisations of today combined with the increasing amount of information that has to be shared and managed, this collaboration is a critical issue for many companies. In this article, an approach for sharing and managing product and production information is introduced. The results are based on the experiences from a case study at a car manufacturer. By ontology-based integration, work within domains engineering design, production engineering and requirement management at the company was integrated. The main objectives with the integration were: support the formation of requirement specifications for products and processes, improve and simplify the information retrieval for designers and process planners, ensure traceability from changes in product systems to manufacturing systems and vice versa, and finally, eliminate redundant or multiple versions of requirement specifications.

Enhancing the Efficiency and Accuracy in the Quotation Process of Turned Components

2008 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fredrik Elgh
Keyword(s):  
Cost Estimation ◽  
Business Strategy ◽  
System Development ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Application System ◽  
Development And Utilization ◽  
Manufacturing Knowledge ◽  
Short Time ◽  
Realization Process ◽  
Product Realization

Many small and medium sized companies base their business strategy on their manufacturing processes. They are highly specialized in areas such as: die-casting, extrusion, machining, sintering, injection molding etc. The specialization is usually also focused on a limited number of material and alloys for the manufacturing process in question. These companies are commonly acting as subcontractors to other companies, original equipment manufacturers (OEMs). For the OEMs to be able to provide affordable products in a short time and to be at the competitive edge, every new design must be adapted to existing production facilities. In order to ensure this, collaboration between engineering design, at the OEM, and production engineering, at the subcontractors, has to be supported. With the dispersed organizations of today and the increasing amount of information that has to be shared and managed in the product realization process, this collaboration is a critical issue for many companies. A more intense collaboration is sought by many subcontractors as it will strengthen the business relation. To provide manufacturing knowledge and to be a partner in the product realization process is a means to outplay competitors. The purpose of this work is to investigate, explore, and develop a computerized method, i.e. an application system, to support the process planning and cost estimation in the quotation process. The main objective is to reveal concepts and principles to support application system development and utilization. The results are based on the experiences from a case study at a subcontractor of turned components.

Modeling of Supply Chain Decision Logic Using PID Controllers

2004 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tung-King See ◽  
Edward M. Kasprzak ◽  
Tarunraj Singh ◽  
Kemper E. Lewis
Keyword(s):  
Supply Chain ◽  
Inventory Management ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Pid Controllers ◽  
Supply Chain System ◽  
Number Of Factors ◽  
Human Decision ◽  
Decision Logic ◽  
Ordering Strategies

Most manufacturing takes place in the context of a supply chain. Each station in the supply chain must not only manufacture a product but also decide how much to produce. This decision is influenced by the supply of materials/components from the next station down in the supply chain and the demand from the next station up. With the advent of increased customization, inventory management is increasingly becoming a critical issue in the manufacturing process. In this paper we model the decision logic at each stage of a supply chain system through the use of system identification and PID controllers. The goal is to investigate and manage the costs of manufacturing a product in the context of a supply chain. It is assumed that the supply chain has well-understood interactions between individual positions, allowing for a focus on the ordering decision logic. A review of ordering strategies is presented, and a discussion of the difficulties in determining PID gains for human decision makers is included. The results show a range of correlation between the PID simulation and measured supply chain inventories. This stems from a number of factors, which are discussed. Additionally, ordering strategies to optimize the supply chain are investigated.

scholarly journals Knowledge management in Brazilian, Portuguese and Polish organizations: A comparative analysis

2016 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 29-41
Author(s):  
Florinda Matos ◽  
Válter Vairinhos ◽  
Fábio Ferreira Batista ◽  
Joanna Paliszkiewicz ◽  
Maria do Rosário Cabrita
Keyword(s):  
Knowledge Management ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Explicit Knowledge ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Business Success ◽  
Sustainable Business ◽  
Strategic Factor ◽  
Available Information

The knowledge emerges as a strategic factor that enables organizations to create wealth through the transformation of tacit knowledge into explicit knowledge. Knowledge Management (KM) activities are recognized as a critical issue for the development of innovation in the companies. However, KM is now a major challenge because, with the growth of available information, this task becomes increasingly complex. In addition, KM involves the management of organizational culture, based on principles of organizational learning. This paper presents the results of an exploratory study conducted among the decision makers of Portuguese, Brazilian and Polish companies and aims to determine the perception they have of the future needs of knowledge and information. We intended to identify future areas of research that can address the needs of knowledge that create conditions for a more sustainable business. Furthermore, this paper also aims to identify factors which could help to improve knowledge management practices in the three countries. The findings demonstrate that Portuguese and Polish managers are aware of the importance of KM as a determinant factor of business success, but KM is not frequently used in strategic decision making. Unlikely, the process of KM is a more common practice in Brazilian companies.

scholarly journals Learning from Mistakes in the Media to Improve the Communication of Wood Bioenergy Research

BioResources ◽  
2013 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Brooks Mendell
Keyword(s):  
General Public ◽  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Applied Research ◽  
Communication Strategies ◽  
Effective Communication ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Causal Relationships ◽  
Total Absence ◽  
The Media ◽  
Media Reports

Successful applied research into wood bioenergy requires communication of meaningful insights to inform decision-makers and the general public. Effective communication strategies make such insights accessible. However, recent media reports often exhibit a near total absence of findings from peer-reviewed or quantitative research, highlighting a failure to communicate between applied researchers and reporters. As a result, the general public’s understanding of wood-based bioenergy remains incomplete. At a minimum, researchers can address three common lapses when communicating results of their research related to wood-based energy to increase the public’s access to technical results. First, provide context to give policymakers a sense, on a relative basis, of the importance of a given issue. Second, properly distinguish between “causal” relationships and mere happenstance or correlations. And finally, confirm facts and conclusions. Faulty assertions can cast doubts on the broader work and body of research.

scholarly journals The Impact of Entrepreneurial Education on Technology-Based Enterprises Development: The Mediating Role of Motivation

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 105
Author(s):  
Leo-Paul Dana ◽  
Mehdi Tajpour ◽  
Aidin Salamzadeh ◽  
Elahe Hosseini ◽  
Mahnaz Zolfaghari
Keyword(s):  
Quantitative Research ◽  
Data Gathering ◽  
Innovation System ◽  
Critical Issue ◽  
Entrepreneurial Intention ◽  
Entrepreneurial Education ◽  
Statistical Population ◽  
Industrial Town ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Mediator Variable

Technology-based enterprises play a paramount role in blooming a country economically. Nevertheless, according to a society’s capacity to launch such enterprises in various eras, their volume is less than expected in many economies. Therefore, establishing such enterprises is necessary for developing any country, although its innovation system contributes to establishing them. This paper considers the impact of entrepreneurial education on technology-based enterprise development, including motivation as a mediator variable, in Esfahan Scientific and Industrial Town. Despite much research investigating the correlation between entrepreneurial education and technology-based enterprises’ progress, it seems that no study has already considered this correlation with remarking the motivation as a mediator variable. This applied research follows a quantitative research design. The statistical population includes 500 enterprises in the Esfahan Scientific and Industrial Town, and for sampling, Cochran’s formula was applied (n = 217). Additionally, the researcher-made questionnaire and PLS3 software were used for data gathering and analysis. The results demonstrated that entrepreneurial education elements (including entrepreneurial skill, entrepreneurial learning, and entrepreneurial intention) positively affect technology-based enterprises’ development, considering motivation as a mediator variable. However, the impact of entrepreneurial intention on technology-based enterprises was not supported. It reveals that the entrepreneurial intention of motivated individuals could have a meaningful effect on the development of technology-based enterprises. Therefore, motivation is a critical issue to be considered by managers and policymakers while considering entrepreneurial education-related policies and initiatives.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document