scholarly journals Technology of Crack Formation in Wellbore Zone

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Crack Formation ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Treatment Technology

The most effective methods of well treatment, such as hydraulic fracturing, torpedoing and chemical treatment, are complicated, expensive, unsafe and unsustainable and, most importantly, insufficiently effective. We have proposed a new cost-effective, environmentally friendly and efficient well treatment technology, which has been developed over 20 years and patented many times.

scholarly journals Urban runoff: its significance, chemical characteristics, and possible chemical treatment

2007 ◽  
pp. 737-746
Author(s):  
Umid Man Joshi ◽  
Rajasekhar Balasubramanian
Keyword(s):  
Water Resources ◽  
Chemical Treatment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urban Landscape ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Urban Runoff ◽  
Chemical Characteristics ◽  
Treatment Technology ◽  
Practical Applications

Most of the countries around the world including Singapore are becoming water scarce,Limited fresh water resources and growing demand of water in urban areas have intensifiedthe search for non-conventional water resources, For countries like Singapore, which receivescopious rainfall, the use of stormwater (rainfall which runs off urban areas such as roofs,roads, and vegetated surfaces) has the potential to enhance urban water supply, However,using urban landscape as catchments has its inherent challenges, Human activities introducechemical and biological contaminants of different types into the urban runoff, affecting itsquality significantly. Environmentally-friendly as well as cost-effective treatmenttechnologies are needed to treat urban runoff at points of collection so that the treatedstorn1water can be used for a range of practical applications,In order to identify the most appropriate treatment technology, it is necessary to have detailedinformation on the physical and chemical characteristics of urban runoff collected at anetwork of urban sites, As these characteristics of urban runoff largely depend on land usepatterns, stormwater samples have been collected in this study from various land use sectorsusing automated samplers and subsequently processed in the laboratory to establish theirchemical characteristics mainly in terms of trace metals, and organic compounds. Resultsobtained from the chemical characterization work are presented followed by the discussion onthe potential of enhancing urban runoff quality through chemical treatment with a strongoxidant having multiple functions including coagulation, flocculation, and disinfection.

scholarly journals Environmentally friendly, rheoreversible, hydraulic-fracturing fluids for enhanced geothermal systems

Geothermics ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 58 ◽  
pp. 22-31 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hongbo Shao ◽  
Senthil Kabilan ◽  
Sean Stephens ◽  
Niraj Suresh ◽  
Anthon N. Beck ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Hydraulic Fracturing ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Enhanced Geothermal Systems ◽  
Geothermal Systems ◽  
Fracturing Fluids

Sustainable and environmentally friendly zinc coatings for protecting steel bridges in Europe

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. C. van Leeuwen ◽  
P. M. Gangé ◽  
B. Duran ◽  
F. Prenger
Keyword(s):  
Corrosion Protection ◽  
Life Cycle Cost ◽  
Zinc Coating ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Steel Bridges ◽  
Metallic Zinc ◽  
Protection Measures ◽  
Paint Systems ◽  
Zinc Coatings

<p>Metallic zinc coatings are well established as cost-effective corrosion protection for steel bridges. The zinc coating acts first as barrier protection, isolating the base steel from corrosive elements, and secondly by cathodic protection, acting as a sacrificial anode to protect the steel should the coating be compromised. Bridge operators can be confronted by disproportional high maintenance costs for bridges in use as removal of (in)organic paint systems with hazardous and toxic compounds require expensive waste disposal and environmental protection measures. Metallic zinc coatings are recognized as environmentally friendly, sustainable, and low maintenance, providing the lowest life cycle cost corrosion protection. Various case studies with bridges protected with metallic zinc coatings in and outside Europe are illustrated.</p>

Fe2O3, a cost effective and environmentally friendly catalyst for the generation of NH3– a future fuel – using a new Al2O3-looping based technology

2017 ◽  
Vol 53 (77) ◽  
pp. 10664-10667 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ye Wu ◽  
Guodong Jiang ◽  
Hongbo Zhang ◽  
Zhao Sun ◽  
Yuan Gao ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Chemical Looping

Fe2O3is found to be a cost-effective and environmentally friendly catalyst for chemical looping generation of NH3– a future fuel.

Dispersive Liquid—Liquid Microextraction Based on Solidification of Floating Organic Drop Combined with High Performance Liquid Chromatography for Analysis of 15 Phthalates in Water

2019 ◽  
Vol 102 (3) ◽  
pp. 942-951 ◽  
Author(s):  
Danni Yang ◽  
Yi Yang ◽  
Yongxin Li ◽  
Shuo Yin ◽  
Yaling Chen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
River Water ◽  
Water Samples ◽  
High Performance ◽  
Environmentally Friendly ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Uv Detection ◽  
Established Method ◽  
River Water Samples ◽  
Dispersive Liquid Liquid Microextraction ◽  
Liquid Microextraction

Abstract Background: Consistent toxicological evidence indicate that phthalates can cause adverse effects on human health. The concern over phthalate pollution and exposure has been emphasized in recent years. Therefore, the sensitive, reliable, and rapid detection of phthalates in water is of great importance. Objective: In this study, dispersive liquid–liquid microextraction based on solidification of floating organic droplet (DLLME-SFO) combined with HPLC-UV detection was established and applied in the preconcentration and detection of 15 phthalates in drinking and river water samples. Methods: A mixture of acetonitrile (dispersant) and 1-dodecanol (extractant) was injected into water samples, which had been added with sodium chloride. The cloudy solution was formed by hand-shaking. After centrifugation, the sample solution was cooled in a refrigerator, and the solidified organic droplet was collected. It melted at room temperature and was injected into the HPLC system for analysis. The quantification was based on the working curves. Results: Under optimum conditions, this method showed good linearity in the range of 0.1–100 or 0.5–100 μg/L with correlation coefficients greater than 0.999. The method had the LODs ranging from 0.013 to 0.16 μg/L with the enrichment factors of 102–218. The recoveries of the method ranged from 86.8 to 119% with RSDs less than 12.6%. The interday and intraday RSDs were 6.35–13.5% and 3.00–13.7%, respectively. The established method has been successfully applied to the analysis of phthalates in drinking and river waters. Conclusions: The established method is rapid, sensitive, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly. It can be applied to the analysis of 15 phthalates in drinking and river water samples. Highlights: A method of DLLME-SFO combined with HPLC-UV detection has been established for the analysis of 15 phthalates in drinking and river water samples. The established method was rapid, sensitive, accurate, cost-effective, and environmentally friendly. The established method was successfully applied to the analysis of 15 phthalates in bottled, tap, and river water samples.

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