scholarly journals Evaluating the knowledge base and current training of paramedics in the southwest United States in assessing and managing toxic alcohol exposures

2017 ◽  
Vol 14 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christopher Bare ◽  
Oliver Grundmann
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Alcohol Exposure ◽  
Pharmacological Intervention ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Alcohol Poisoning ◽  
Toxic Alcohol ◽  
Assessment And Treatment ◽  
Alcohol Assessment

Introduction: The aim of this research was to use a survey to identify the cognitive capabilities of paramedics to recognize key clinical, pathophysiological and treatment features of toxic alcohol poisoning. Additionally, evaluation of affective capabilities of paramedics in terms of the level of importance paramedics assign to toxic alcohol emergencies was evaluated.Methods: The study was conducted as an anonymous online survey. Demographic data, timed choice, and open-ended questions were collected to evaluate knowledge and identify gaps in toxic alcohol poisoning training by paramedics. The survey link was sent out to EMS organizations and individual paramedics. Bivariate analysis via Pearson correlation coefficient (PCC) was used to compare variables.Results: The response rate was 72.5% (58/80). Respondents were able to identify common sources of toxic alcohol exposure to varying degrees with 58% for methanol and 89% for ethylene glycol. Data indicate that a lack of understanding of the underlying pathophysiology was related to missing education (PCC <0.05) in toxicology. Education appears to be insufficient in regards to recognizing and treating toxic alcohol exposure. A majority of respondents (80%) believe that assessment and treatment of toxic alcohol poisoning is an important component of their training.Conclusions: Although symptom recognition for toxic alcohol poisoning is present in most EMS providers, pharmacological intervention and treatment approaches are often not known. The results indicate that there is a need for educators and curriculum builders to include additional coverage of topics of toxicological importance such as the anion gap and toxic alcohol assessment, pathophysiology and treatment.

scholarly journals The Relationship between Substance Use, Strain, and Depression among College Students

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Taylor Walker ◽  
Thomas McNulty
Keyword(s):  
College Students ◽  
Substance Use ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Analysis Data ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Control Variables ◽  
Drug Abuse Screening Test ◽  
The Relationship

This project examined the relationship between substance use and depression using General Strain Theory as a theoretical foundation. The relationship between strain, depression, and substance use has yet to be rigorously established in the literature. The goal of this project was to determine whether depression serves as a mediator between the sociological concept of strain and substance use. The hypothesis for this project was that strain would have a positive effect upon depression and substance use, and depression will act as a mediator between strain and substance use. 832 college students between the ages of 18-25 filled out an anonymous online survey containing questions from the Beck Depression Inventory, the Drug Use Screening Inventory Revised, and the Drug Abuse Screening Test. Demographic data was also collected and served as the control variables for the analysis. Data analysis was performed using the Statistical Package for the Social Sciences version 25. Pearson correlation tests and multiple linear regression analyses were carried out on explanatory and control variables. The statistical findings of this project signify that depression acted as a mediator between strain and substance use. Comparison of findings to past studies and avenues of future research will be discussed.

scholarly journals COVID-19 among Nursing Staff: Settings and Regional Differences

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-6
Author(s):  
Manuela Hoedl ◽  
Doris Eglseer ◽  
Silvia Bauer
Keyword(s):  
Nursing Staff ◽  
Regional Differences ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Staff ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Federal State ◽  
Health Care Staff ◽  
Cross Sectional

<b><i>Background/Aims:</i></b> So far detailed insights into the nursing staff’s COVID-19 symptoms, testing, and results are missing. Therefore, this study aimed to describe the setting and regional differences in the occurrence of COVID-19 among nursing staff, analysing symptoms, testing, and their respective results. <b><i>Methods:</i></b> We used an online survey to conduct this cross-sectional study among Austrian nursing staff in different settings between May 12 and July 13, 2020. This article follows the STROBE statement. The survey includes demographic data, including age, professional qualification, e.g., nurse, nurse aid, and in which federal state and setting the participants work. In addition, we asked for COVID-19 symptoms and (result of the) testing. We used descriptive statistics as well as bivariate analysis to calculate the differences. <b><i>Results:</i></b> Nearly every sixth nurse reported experiencing COVID-19 symptoms. We found statistically significant differences between the settings and the federal provinces for the reported COVID-19 symptoms, but not the test results. In total, 1.6% of the participating nurses were tested for COVID-19, of which all were positive for COVID-19. <b><i>Conclusions:</i></b> In the future during a pandemic, health care staff should be comprehensively tested in all settings. Our results showed that shifting the perspectives from critical/acute settings to other settings, such as nursing homes, is needed.

scholarly journals Long-COVID Syndrome? A Study on the Persistence of Neurological, Psychological and Physiological Symptoms

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (5) ◽  
pp. 575
Author(s):  
Graziella Orrù ◽  
Davide Bertelloni ◽  
Francesca Diolaiuti ◽  
Federico Mucci ◽  
Mariagrazia Di Giuseppe ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Sleep Disturbances ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Clinical Presentation ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Severity Index ◽  
Long Term Effects ◽  
Targeted Treatments ◽  
Euroqol 5D

Background: Emerging aspects of the Covid-19 clinical presentation are its long-term effects, which are characteristic of the so-called “long COVID”. The aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of physical, psychological, and sleep disturbances and the quality of life in the general population during the ongoing pandemic. Methods: This study, based on an online survey, collected demographic data, information related to COVID-19, sleep disturbances, and quality of life data from 507 individuals. The level of sleep disturbances and quality of life was assessed through the Insomnia Severity Index (ISI) and the EuroQol-5D (EQ-5D), respectively. Results: In total, 507 individuals (M = 91 and F = 416 women) completed the online survey. The main symptoms associated with “long COVID” were headache, fatigue, muscle aches/myalgia, articular pains, cognitive impairment, loss of concentration, and loss of smell. Additionally, the subjects showed significant levels of insomnia (p < 0.05) and an overall reduced quality of life (p < 0.05). Conclusions: The results of the study appear in line with recent publications, but uncertainty regarding the definition and specific features of “long COVID” remains. Further studies are needed in order to better define the clinical presentation of the “long COVID” condition and related targeted treatments.

scholarly journals Experiences of Australian podiatrists working through the 2020 coronavirus (COVID-19) pandemic: an online survey

2021 ◽  
Vol 14 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Cylie M. Williams ◽  
Anna Couch ◽  
Terry Haines ◽  
Hylton B. Menz
Keyword(s):  
Online Survey ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Medical Officer ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Infection Prevention And Control ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Business Decisions ◽  
Working Through ◽  
Novel Coronavirus

Abstract Background On the 19th of January, 2020, the Chief Medical Officer of Australia issued a statement about a novel coronavirus, or SARS-CoV-2. Since this date, there have been variable jurisdictional responses, including lockdowns, and restrictions on podiatry practice. This study aimed to describe impacts of the SARS-CoV-2 pandemic on the podiatry profession in Australia. Methods This was a cross sectional study of Australian podiatrists using demographic data collected between 2017 and 2020, and pandemic-related question responses collected between 30th March and 31st August, 2020. Data were collected online and participants described their work settings, patient funding types, business decisions and impacts, and information sources used to guide practice decisions during this time-period. Inductive thematic analysis was used to analyse open-ended questions about their practice impact of SARS-CoV-2. Results There were 732 survey responses, with 465 Australian podiatrists or podiatric surgeons providing responses describing pandemic impact. From these responses, 223 (49% of 453) podiatrists reported no supply issues, or having adequate supplies for the foreseeable future with personal protective equipment (PPE) or consumables to support effective infection prevention and control. The most frequent responses about employment, or hours of work, impact were reported in the various categories of “business as usual” (n = 312, 67%). Participants described most frequently using the local state and territory Department of Health websites (n = 347, 75%), and the Australian Podiatry Association (n = 334, 72%) to make decisions about their business. Overarching themes which resounded through open-ended comments was that working through the pandemic was likened to a marathon, and not a sprint. Themes were: (i) commitment to do this, (ii) it’s all in the plan, but not everything goes to plan, (iii) my support team must be part of getting through it, (iv) road blocks happen, and (v) nothing is easy, what’s next? Conclusion Podiatrists in Australia reported variable pandemic impact on their business decisions, PPE stores, and their valued sources of information. Podiatrists also described their “marathon” journey through the pandemic to date, with quotes describing their challenges and highlights. Describing these experiences should provide key learnings for future workforce challenges, should further restrictions come into place.

scholarly journals Experiences of nurses caring for respiratory patients during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic: an online survey study

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. e000987
Author(s):  
Nicola J Roberts ◽  
Carol A Kelly ◽  
Kate A Lippiett ◽  
Emma Ray ◽  
Lindsay Welch
Keyword(s):  
Mental Health ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Geographical Location ◽  
Working Environment ◽  
Survey Study ◽  
British Thoracic Society ◽  
Healthcare Team ◽  
Free Text ◽  
The Impact

BackgroundNurses have been at the forefront of the pandemic response, involved in extensive coordination of services, screening, vaccination and front-line work in respiratory, emergency and intensive care environments. The nature of this work is often intense and stress-provoking with an inevitable psychological impact on nurses and all healthcare workers. This study focused on nurses working in respiratory areas with the aim of identifying and characterising the self-reported issues that exacerbated or alleviated their concerns during the first wave of the COVID-19 pandemic.MethodsAn online survey was developed consisting of 90 questions using a mixture of open-ended and closed questions. Participant demographic data were also collected (age, gender, ethnicity, number of years qualified, details of long-term health conditions, geographical location, nursing background/role and home life). The online survey was disseminated via social media and professional respiratory societies (British Thoracic Society, Primary Care Respiratory Society, Association of Respiratory Nurse Specialists) over a 3-week period in May 2020 and the survey closed on 1 June 2020.ResultsThe study highlights the experiences of nurses caring for respiratory patients during the first wave of the pandemic in early 2020. Concerns were expressed over the working environment, the supply and availability of adequate protective personal equipment, the quality of care individuals were able to deliver, and the impact on mental health to nurses and their families. A high number provided free-text comments around their worries and concerns about the impact on their household; these included bringing the virus home, the effect on family members worrying about them, mental health and the impact of changing working patterns, and managing with children. Although both formal and informal support were available, there were inconsistencies in provision, highlighting the importance of nursing leadership and management in ensuring equity of access to services.ConclusionsSupport for staff is essential both throughout the pandemic and afterwards, and it is important that preparation of individuals regarding building resilience is recognised. It is also clear that psychological support and services for nurses and the wider healthcare team need to be available and quickly convened in the event of similar major incidents, either global or local.

scholarly journals Perception of social media behaviour among medical students, residents and medical specialists

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sebastiaan A. Pronk ◽  
Simone L. Gorter ◽  
Scheltus J. van Luijk ◽  
Pieter C. Barnhoorn ◽  
Beer Binkhorst ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Social Media ◽  
Data Analysis ◽  
Medical Students ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Media Use ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Clinical Work ◽  
Social Media Use ◽  
Medical Specialists

Abstract Introduction Behaviour is visible in real-life events, but also on social media. While some national medical organizations have published social media guidelines, the number of studies on professional social media use in medical education is limited. This study aims to explore social media use among medical students, residents and medical specialists. Methods An anonymous, online survey was sent to 3844 medical students at two Dutch medical schools, 828 residents and 426 medical specialists. Quantitative, descriptive data analysis regarding demographic data, yes/no questions and Likert scale questions were performed using SPSS. Qualitative data analysis was performed iteratively, independently by two researchers applying the principles of constant comparison, open and axial coding until consensus was reached. Results Overall response rate was 24.8%. Facebook was most popular among medical students and residents; LinkedIn was most popular among medical specialists. Personal pictures and/or information about themselves on social media that were perceived as unprofessional were reported by 31.3% of students, 19.7% of residents and 4.1% of medical specialists. Information and pictures related to alcohol abuse, partying, clinical work or of a sexually suggestive character were considered inappropriate. Addressing colleagues about their unprofessional posts was perceived to be mainly dependent on the nature and hierarchy of the interprofessional relation. Discussion There is a widespread perception that the presence of unprofessional information on social media among the participants and their colleagues is a common occurrence. Medical educators should create awareness of the risks of unprofessional (online) behaviour among healthcare professionals, as well as the necessity and ways of addressing colleagues in case of such lapses.

Factors Associated with Intention to Vaccinate against COVID-19 in Puerto Rico: An Online Survey of Adults (Preprint)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kyle Melin ◽  
Cheyu Zhang ◽  
Juan Pablo Zapata ◽  
Yonaira M. Rivera ◽  
Katie Fernandez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Logistic Regression ◽  
Puerto Rico ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression Analysis ◽  
International Health ◽  
Bivariate Analysis ◽  
Sources Of Information ◽  
Multivariate Logistic Regression ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Bisexual Identity

UNSTRUCTURED COVID-19 has been particularly devastating to Black and Latinx communities in the U.S. However, data on acceptability of the COVID-19 vaccines among minority populations are limited. We conducted an online survey among adults in Puerto Rico to identify factors associated with intention to vaccinate against COVID-19. Sociodemographic variables were analyzed independently for association with intention to vaccinate. Significant associations were included in the multivariate logistic regression analysis. A total of 1016 responses were available for analysis. In the bivariate analysis, younger age, higher education, pre-covid employment, male sex, gay/bisexual identity, and single marital status were associated with increased intention to vaccinate. In the multivariate logistic regression, younger, male respondents who had higher educational attainment reported higher intention to vaccinate. Lower-income and living outside the San Juan metro region were associated with lower intention to vaccinate. National and international health organizations were identified as the most reliable sources of information, followed by healthcare professionals. These findings highlight the importance of considering sociodemographic characteristics identified with low intention to vaccinate as well as using trusted sources of information when designing public messaging related to increasing COVID-19 vaccinations.

scholarly journals Infrastructural and Human Factors Affecting Safety Outcomes of Cyclists

2018 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 299 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sergio Useche ◽  
Luis Montoro ◽  
Francisco Alonso ◽  
Oscar Oviedo-Trespalacios
Keyword(s):  
Human Factors ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
User Characteristics ◽  
Severe Injuries ◽  
Related Factors ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Road Crashes ◽  
Safety Outcomes

The increasing number of registered road crashes involving cyclists during the last decade and the high proportion of road crashes resulting in severe injuries and fatalities among cyclists constitutes a global issue for community health, urban development and sustainability. Nowadays, the incidence of many risk factors for road crashes of cyclists remains largely unexplained. Given the importance of this issue, the present study has been conducted with the aim of determining relationships between infrastructural, human factors and safety outcomes of cyclists. Objectives: This study aimed, first, to examine the relationship between key infrastructural and human factors present in cycling, bicycle-user characteristics and their self-reported experience with road crashes. And second, to determine whether a set of key infrastructural and human factors may predict their self-reported road crashes. Methods: For this cross-sectional study, a total of 1064 cyclists (38.8% women, 61.2% men; M = 32.8 years of age) from 20 different countries across Europe, South America and North America, participated in an online survey composed of four sections: demographic data and cycling-related factors, human factors, perceptions on infrastructural factors and road crashes suffered. Results: The results of this study showed significant associations between human factors, infrastructural conditions and self-reported road crashes. Also, a logistic regression model found that self-reported road crashes of cyclists could be predicted through variables such as age, riding intensity, risky behaviours and problematic user/infrastructure interactions. Conclusions: The results of this study suggest that self-reported road crashes of cyclists are influenced by features related to the user and their interaction with infrastructural characteristics of the road.

scholarly journals Dietary and non-dietary determinants of central adiposity among Tehrani women

2007 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 528-534 ◽  
Author(s):  
Leila Azadbakht ◽  
Ahmad Esmaillzadeh
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Vitamin C ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Demographic Data ◽  
Analysis Of Covariance ◽  
Dietary Intakes ◽  
Central Adiposity ◽  
Fat Accumulation ◽  
Dairy Consumption ◽  
Central Fat

AbstractObjectiveTo determine the correlates of central adiposity.DesignPopulation-based cross-sectional study.SubjectsA total of 926 women (aged 40–60 years) from all districts of Tehran.MethodsDemographic data were collected and anthropometric indices were measured according to standard protocols. Dietary intakes were assessed by means of a semi-quantitative food-frequency questionnaire. The suggested cut-off point for waist-to-hip ratio (WHR≥0.84) for Tehrani people, adjusted for their age group, was used to determine central adiposity. Logistic regression analysis was used to determine the correlates of WHR, which were adjusted for age, taking medications and body mass index (BMI). The components of dietary intake were determined by factor analysis. Pearson correlation was used to determine the association between the dietary components and WHR. Analysis of covariance was employed to compare the mean values of WHR in different lifestyle groups, with adjustment for BMI and age.ResultsMean WHR was 0.82 ± 0.06. The possibility of being centrally obese was higher in women with light physical activity (odds ratio: 2.11; 95% confidence interval: 1.40–2.53), depressed women (1.36; 1.02–1.93), smokers (1.21; 1.02–1.56) and unemployed women (1.41; 1.13–1.72). Marriage (1.31; 1.10–1.82), menopause (1.22; 1.02–1.61), low vitamin C intake (2.31; 1.25–4.25) and low calcium intake (1.30; 1.07–3.78) were associated with central fat accumulation. Dairy consumption was inversely correlated with central fat accumulation (r = −0.2, P < 0.05).ConclusionCentral adiposity is associated with poor lifestyle factors including low physical activity, depression, smoking, low intake of vitamin C, low intake of calcium and dairy products and high fat consumption. Thus lifestyle modifications should be encouraged to achieve a healthier body shape.

scholarly journals Consider BMI Change When Evaluating Nutrition Intervention Impact on Eating Competence: Findings from an Intervention with Eating Competence Constructs for Adults

2020 ◽  
Vol 4 (Supplement_2) ◽  
pp. 1326-1326
Author(s):  
Barbara Lohse ◽  
Leslie Cunningham-Sabo
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Nutrition Education ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Online Survey ◽  
Physical Activity Intervention ◽  
Pearson Correlation ◽  
Nutrition Intervention ◽  
Linear Modeling ◽  
Post Intervention ◽  
Eating Competence

Abstract Objectives Examine change in adult eating competence (EC) over a 12 month period following participation in a controlled 7-month nutrition education intervention with EC constructs. Methods Parents of 4th grade youth in a cluster randomized impact assessment of a 7 month school-based culinary and physical activity intervention were assigned to 1 of 4 incrementally complex treatments that included components congruent with EC tenets. An online survey included validated measures of EC (ecSI 2.0TM), physical activity, stress, diet quality, healthful modeling, self-efficacy (SE) to offer fruits and vegetables to youth, and self-reported height/weight. EC was defined as ecSI 2.0TM ≥32. Measures were completed at baseline (BL), post-intervention (FU) and 5 months later (FU2). SPSS 24.0 analyses included repeated measures general linear modeling, means testing, chi square, Pearson correlation. Results Mean age of the mostly female (86%) sample (n = 418) was 39.1 ± 6.0 y; at FU2 126 were intervention and 96 control parents. BL analyses supported EC tenets with greater ecSI 2.0TM scores associated with less stress, lower BMI, less overweight/obesity, greater physical activity, greater SE and modeling behaviors (all P &lt; 0.01). These relationships persisted at FU (n = 220) and FU2 (n = 221) for BMI, SE, modeling, and stress measures (all P &lt; 0.01) and physical activity (P = 0.001 FU and 0.09 FU2). EC was denoted for 53% and 57% at BL and FU2 respectively. BL to FU2 ecSI 2.0TM change was not significant when controlling for changes in stress or physical activity. However, compared to those with increased FU2 BMI, ecSI 2.0TM tended (P = 0.06) to increase when BMI was decreased or unchanged, even when controlling for BL BMI. BL to FU2 ecSI 2.0 change was inversely related to BMI change (P = 0.01). ecSI 2.0TM tended to decrease for control, but increase for intervention parents (P = 0.07; –0.34 vs. 1.05), but not when controlling for BMI change. Conclusions An intervention with attention to EC congruent tenets showed modest effect on ecSI 2.0TM suggesting that successful programs require attributes that directly align with EC, which may be uniquely different from traditional nutrition education. Accurate EC intervention assessment required consideration of BMI change. Funding Sources USDA, NIFA.

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