scholarly journals Phenotypic and molecular diversity among soybean cultivars as a function of growing season

2017 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amilton Ferreira da Silva ◽  
Tuneo Sediyama ◽  
Éder Matsuo ◽  
Francisco Charles do Santos Silva ◽  
Cosme Damião Cruz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Molecular Diversity ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Molecular Data ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Agronomic Characters ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Randomized Block Design

The identification of divergence among cultivars adapted to specific soil and climatic conditions is of fundamental importance for the realization of promising hybridizations. This diversity can be accessed through phenotypic characteristics and molecular markers. In this sense, the objective of this study was to evaluate genetic diversity of soybean cultivars in the summer and winter from agromorphological traits and molecular markers. Two experiments were conducted, one in the summer (2011) and another in the winter (2012). The experiments were conducted in a randomized block design with four replications. Six widely grown cultivars were used and they showed striking differences in regards to morphological markers. The cultivars are: M 7211 RR, TMG 123 RR, TMG 1176 RR, M 7908 RR, TMG 127 RR and TMG 7188 RR. During the development of the plant, as well after harvesting were evaluated 18 traits. The DNA of six cultivars was amplified with 16 primers (microsatellite markers) flanking microsatellite regions in soybean located in sixteen of the twenty soybean linkage groups. Genetic dissimilarity between cultivars from agromorphological traits varies depending on the growing season. The molecular markers showed genetic variability between cultivars with different results for clusters formed from the agronomic characters. Thus, both phenotypic and the molecular data proved to beinformative tools to characterize the existing conflict between soybean cultivars.

scholarly journals Morphophysiological aspects of ornamental sunflowers cultivated in different growing seasons under semi-arid conditions

2022 ◽  
Vol 26 (4) ◽  
pp. 299-305
Author(s):  
Sheila D. P. da Silva ◽  
Gracielle P. de Souza ◽  
Agnaldo R. de M. Chaves ◽  
Marcelle A. da Silva ◽  
Rafaela R. de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Gas Exchange ◽  
Arid Regions ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growing Season ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Arid Conditions ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Leaf Surface Area ◽  
Semi Arid

ABSTRACT Knowledge of how climatic conditions affect plant morphophysiology is essential for understanding how to manage the growth cycles of different crops. The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of the growing seasons in a semi-arid area on the morphophysiological variables of ornamental sunflower plants. The experiment was carried out in a randomized block design in a split-plot arrangement with four replicates. Six cultivars (‘Bonito de Outono Sortido’, ‘Sol Noturno’, ‘Sol Vermelho’, ‘Jardim Amarelo Alto’, ‘Girassol F1 Sunbright Supreme’ and ‘Girassol F1 Vincents Choice’) were evaluated in the main plots and two different growing seasons (GS) in the subplots (GS1 - warm climate and GS2 - mild climate). Evaluations of gas exchange, chlorophyll indices, and leaf surface area were carried out at the reproductive stage (R5.5). The cultivation of ornamental sunflowers in semi-arid regions was significantly affected by the growing season. Changes in gas exchange variables and the morphophysiology of ornamental sunflower plants in the two growing seasons reflected the high phenotypic plasticity characteristic of this species. The cultivation of ornamental sunflowers under semi-arid conditions in the growing season, when air temperature and solar radiation are high, could be limited due to elevated transpiration rates. Therefore, it is recommended that they are grown mainly during the moderate climatic season in semi-arid regions.

scholarly journals Genetic divergence of roundup ready (RR) soybean cultivars estimated by phenotypic characteristics and molecular markers

2014 ◽  
Vol 13 (26) ◽  
pp. 2613-2625 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tiago Villela Otvia ◽  
Helena Unda-Trevisoli Sandra ◽  
Mota Da Silva Fabiana ◽  
Souza Brbaro Junior Laerte ◽  
Orlando Di Mauro Antonio
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Markers ◽  
Genetic Divergence ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
Roundup Ready ◽  
Soybean Cultivars

scholarly journals Performance of soy cultivars in the south of Minas Gerais State, Brazil

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Elaine Cristina Batista ◽  
José Luiz De Andrade Rezende Pereira ◽  
Adriano Teodoro Bruzi ◽  
Everton Vinucius Zambiazzi ◽  
Karina Barroso Silva
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Environmental Variables ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Minas Gerais ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
The South ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Minas Gerais State

Cultivar evaluation is one of the basic steps recommended for a given region, since the best adapted cultivars have higher yields, and success in this parameter is based on the genotype of the material and its interaction with the environmental variables. The aim of this study was to evaluate thebehavior of 23 soy cultivars in the soil-climatic conditions of the south region of Minas Gerais State (MG), Brazil, in the municipality of Inconfidentes. The evaluated traits were grain yield, plant height, height of insertion of the first legume and lodging. The experiments were conducted on the 2013/2014 and 2014/2015 harvests, adopting a randomized block design with three replicates and 23 treatments, which were constituted by the following cultivars: FAVORITA RR, BRS MG 760SRR, NA 5909 RG, NA 7200 RR, CD 2630, CD 250, NA 7620 RR, CD 2737, TMG 123, V-MAX RR, P 98Y11 RR, NS 7100 RR, BMX Potencia, Anta 82 RR, CD 237, V-TOP, TMG 1176 RR, TMG 1174 RR, TMG 1179 RR, TMG 1181 RR, BMX Força, Monsoy 7211 RR and BRS MG 780 RR. Of the studied cultivars, those that most stood out for the traits evaluated in the conditions of Inconfidentes (MG) were TMG 1179 RR (48.6 bags of 60 kg ha-1), NA 7200 RR (45.6 bags), CD 2737 (41.1 bags), CD 237 (41 bags) and BRS MG 760 SRR (40.6 bags), all of which displayed satisfactory conditions for mechanical harvesting, demonstrating the good performance of the crop in the south region of Minas Gerais State.

scholarly journals Interactions Between Herbicide Application and Timing of Nitrogen Fertilization in Maize Hybrids

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (9) ◽  
pp. 21
Author(s):  
Guilherme V. Pimentel ◽  
Silvino G. Moreira ◽  
Mateus O. T. de Avila ◽  
Antonio Henrique F. de Carvalho ◽  
Alessandro A. P. da Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitrogen Fertilization ◽  
No Reduction ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Limited Information ◽  
Herbicide Application ◽  
Maize Hybrids ◽  
Growing Seasons ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Different Levels

Maize hybrids have different levels of tolerance to the herbicide nicosulfuron, depending on the dose, the environment, the phenological stage of the plant and the timing of nitrogen fertilization, and phytotoxic effects can occur without proper management. There is also limited information on the selectivity of current genetically modified hybrids for other recommended herbicides, such as tembotrione. Thus, the objective of this study was to evaluate the effects of herbicides (tembotrione and nicosulfuron) and the timing of nitrogen fertilization on the yield of maize hybrids. The experimental design was a randomized block design, in a 4 × 2 factorial arrangement, with 4 replicates. The treatments consisted of four treatments [weeding; nicosulfuron + atrazine (20 and 32 + 1250 g ha-1 ai) and tembotrione + atrazine (75.6 + 1250 g ha-1 ai)] and two nitrogen fertilization times (0 and 7 days after application). Maize hybrids P30F53 Leptra, DKB 230PRO3 and KWS 9004PRO2 were assessed in two growing seasons (1st and 2nd harvest) during the 2016/2017 growing season. The percentages of weed control; phytotoxicity at 7, 14 and 21 days after application (DAA); plant height; number of rows per ear; and yield at harvest were evaluated. All herbicides were more effective in controlling weeds at the 1st harvest because of favourable climatic conditions. Nitrogen fertilization can be carried out on the same day as the application of the herbicides nicosulfuron and tembotrione with no reduction in yield for the hybrids P30F53 Leptra, DKB 230PRO3 and KWS 9004PRO2.

scholarly journals Planting Density and Soybean (Glycine max L.) Cultivars Effects on Yield Components in the Amazon

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Priscila Pereira Sacramento ◽  
Letícia Cunha da Hungria ◽  
Jamil Chaar El-Husny ◽  
Luis De Souza Freitas
Keyword(s):  
Grain Yield ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Yield Components ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Planting Density ◽  
Maximum Height ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Linear Behavior ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Glycine Max L

The aim of this study was to evaluate the influence of planting density and cultivar of soybean on yield components in the southeast Amazon. The experiment was carried out in an Oxisol, with a randomized block design in a 2 x 4 factorial scheme. The treatments were two soybean cultivars (BRS 9090 RR and BRS 8990 RR) and four planting densities (13, 15, 18 and 20 plants m-1), with three replications. First pod insertion height (IFP), plant height (H), number of pods per plant (NPP), grain yield (Y) and weight of 100 grains (W100) were evaluated. The insertion height of the first pod showed a tendency of increase with the increment of plants per linear meter for cultivar BRS 8990 RR, different of the behavior observed for the cultivar BRS 9090 RR, which only showed difference when the density of 300.000 plants ha-1 was tested. For plant height, among soybean cultivars, there was only difference in D400, with BRS 8990 RR showing a maximum height of 83.3 cm, 21% higher than BRS 9090 RR. When evaluated under D350, BRS 8990 RR showed an increase of 13% in the number of pods compared to BRS 9090 RR. Both cultivars showed linear behavior for the grain yield, increasing according the plant population, with the highest grain yield obtained under the density of 400.000 plants ha-1 (4527.3 kg ha-1). The weight of 100 grains was not influenced by any variation factor.

scholarly journals Agronomic and Economic Evaluation of Sequential Spray of Silicon and Fungicides for a Sustainable Soybean Crop

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
Renato Anastácio Guazina ◽  
Rosiane Araujo Rodrigues Nass ◽  
Gustavo De Faria Theodoro ◽  
Ricardo Carneiro Brumatti ◽  
Sofia Michele Muchalak ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity Analysis ◽  
Economic Evaluation ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Foliar Spray ◽  
Positive Control ◽  
Soybean Rust ◽  
Aluminum Silicate ◽  
Gross Margin ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Randomized Block Design

This study was carried out to determine whether the yield of soybean cultivars and the severity of Asian Soybean Rust (ASR) are influenced by foliar spray of silicon exclusively or along with a fungicide mixture, as well as the economic viability of their use for a sustainable crop. The experiment was performed in randomized-block design, five replicates, two soybean cultivars and (2×6) + 2 factorial arrangements: S1 (AlSi at R1 + R4); S2 (AlSi at R1 + R5.1); S3 (AlSi at R1 + FM at R4); S4 (FM at R1 + AlSi at R4); S5 (AlSi at R1 + FM at R5.1); S6 (FM at R1 + AlSi at R5.1); NC and PC (negative and positive control). The economic evaluation and sensitivity analysis were undertaken for Anta 82 RR. There was no interaction effect between the factors, and cultivar CD 2737 had a higher yield. ASR was less severe in CD 2737, and S3 and S5 provided the lowest disease severity. Exclusive spray of aluminum silicate was able to reduce the number of lesions with uredinia, open uredinia and uredinia per lesion. S3 increased grain yield, resulting in higher revenues and a 66.1% gross margin. Sensitivity analysis revealed that S3 was profitable in all scenarios.

scholarly journals Agronomic characteristics of common bean and castor bean hybrids in intercropping and monocropping

2018 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 200-205 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cristiane F. Lisboa ◽  
Deyner D. A. Silva ◽  
Itamar R. Teixeira ◽  
Alessandro G. da Silva ◽  
José H. Mota
Keyword(s):  
Common Bean ◽  
Plant Height ◽  
Castor Bean ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Climatic Conditions ◽  
Common Beans ◽  
Agronomic Characteristics ◽  
Randomized Block Design

ABSTRACT Common bean has great importance in the Brazilian economy and castor bean is still emerging in Midwestern Brazil, but with great potential of exploitation by farmers due to the prevailing climatic conditions and flat topography. Hence, this study aimed to evaluate the agronomic characteristics of common bean cultivars and castor bean hybrids in intercropping and monocropping under the edaphoclimatic conditions of the Cerrado region. The randomized block design was used in 4 x 2 + 6 factorial scheme, with three replicates. Treatments were composed of four cultivars of common beans (BRS Pérola, BRS Esteio, BRSMG Realce and BRS Pitanga) intercropped with two castor bean hybrids (Tamar and Ag Ima), plus the respective crops in monocropping. In common bean cultivars, plant height was influenced in the intercropping with castor bean hybrids; however, agronomic characteristics of the castor bean hybrids were not influenced by common bean cultivars. The intercropping between common bean cultivars (BRS Esteio, BRSMG Realce and BRS Pitanga) and castor bean hybrids (Tamar and Ag Ima) was classified as viable by the area equivalence index, since this index presented values greater than 1.0 for the intercropping between these cultivars. This fact indicates that it would take more than one hectare in monocropping to produce the same amount than one hectare in intercropping.

scholarly journals Karakteristik Fenotipik dan Pengelompokan Jagung Pulut Hibrida Zea mays L. Hasil Persilangan Puncak

2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Juhriah Juhriah ◽  
Muhammad Azrai ◽  
Elis Tambaru ◽  
Jum Eka Rahayu
Keyword(s):  
Zea Mays ◽  
Zea Mays L ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Experimental Plant ◽  
Phenotypic Characteristics ◽  
Phenotypic Characters ◽  
South Sulawesi ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Qualitative Characters ◽  
Waxy Corn

This research is the phenotypic characteristics and grouping of hybrid waxy corn Zea mays L. product of the top cross had been carried out in the experimental plant Indonesian Cereals Research Institute (ICERI) in Maros South Sulawesi. This research aims to determine the phenotypic characters of the hybrid of waxy corn Zea mays L. product of the top cross and grouping based on its phenotypic characteristics. This research used a randomized block design (RBD) with 17 th treatments (corn strains) and three replications. Waxy corn strains used were: URI 1 (G8), G8G1, G8G2, G8G3, G8G4, G8G5, G8G6, G8G7, Soppeng (G10), G10G1, G10G2, G10G3, G10G4, G10G5, G10G6, G10G7, and Paramitha.. All data (qualitative and quantitative) are arranged in binary tables and grouped using the NTSYST program. The observations show that the data obtained comes from 14 quantitative characters and 17 qualitative characters. Quantitative data from 14 characters were tested and the results of 10 characters were significantly different and the other 4 were not significantly different. The grouping results show that the 17 corn strains studied formed 3 groups at the similarity coefficient of 0.76. Soppeng's corn is different from the others.

scholarly journals Pengaruh kombinasi jamur Trichoderma harzianum dan bokashi terhadap pertumbuhan tiga kultivar kedelai

Kultivasi ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Rosiman Rosiman ◽  
Sumadi Sumadi ◽  
Meddy Rachmadi
Keyword(s):  
Plant Growth ◽  
Soil Fertility ◽  
Trichoderma Harzianum ◽  
Soil Structure ◽  
Soil Aggregates ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Growth And Yield ◽  
Soybean Cultivars ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Two Factors

AbstrakPupuk Bokashi dapat meningkatkan kesuburan tanah melalui pembentukan agregat tanah sehingga dapat memperbaiki struktur tanah. Penambahan Trichoderna harzianum pada bokashi dapat mempercepat proses dekomposisi, menjaga kesuburan media, dan meningkatkan pertumbuhan tanaman. Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk menguji kombinasi Trichoderma harzianum dan pupuk bokashi untuk meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil tiga kultivar kedelai. Penelitian dilakukan dengan menggunakan Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) pada dua faktor terhadap tiga kultivar kedelai (Ringgit, Wilis, dan Anjasmoro) dengan kombinasi Trichoderma harzianum dan Bokashi 0 t/ha, 5 t/ha, 10 t/ha, dan 15 t/ha. Hasil penelitian ini menunjukkan bahwa efektivitas kombinasi Trichoderma harzianum dan bokashi pada pertumbuhan dan hasil tergantung pada masing-masing kultivar. dosis kombinasi 5 t/ha Trichoderma harzianum dan bokashi dapat meningkatkan pertumbuhan dan hasil kultivar Ringgit, Wilis dan Anjasmoro.Kata Kunci: Trichoderma harziaum, bokashi, pertumbuhan, kedelai AbstractBokashi fertilizer can increase soil fertility through the formation of soil aggregates so that it can improve soil structure. The addition of Trichoderna harzianum to bokashi can accelerate the decomposition process, maintain media fertility, and increase plant growth. This study aimed to evaluate the combination of Trichoderma harzianum and bokashi fertilizer to increase the growth and yield of three soybean cultivars. The study used Randomized Block Design (RBD) with two factors: three soybean cultivars (Ringgit, Wilis, and Anjasmoro) and combination of Trichoderma harzianum and Bokashi 0 t/ha, 5 t/ha, 10 t/ha, and 15 t/ha. The results of this study indicated that the effectiveness of the combination of Trichoderma harzianum and bokashi on growth and yield depends on each cultivar. The combined dose of 5 t/ha Trichoderma harzianum and bokashi could increase the growth and yield of cultivar Ringgit, Wilis and Anjasmoro.Keywords: Trichoderma harzianum, bokashi, growth, soybean

scholarly journals PENAMPAKAN KARAKTER AGRONOMI PADA 26 GENOTIPE PADI LOKAL KABUPATEN KUANTAN SINGINGI

2020 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Chairil Ezward ◽  
Elfi Indrawanis ◽  
A. Haitami ◽  
Wahyudi Wahyudi
Keyword(s):  
Oryza Sativa L ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Grain Weight ◽  
Food Crop ◽  
Agronomic Characters ◽  
Important Food ◽  
Agronomic Character ◽  
Randomized Block Design ◽  
Rice Genotypes

Tanaman padi (Oryza sativa L.) merupakan tanaman pangan penting di Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi. Karena beras menjadi sumber bahan makanan pokok masyarakatnya. Tujuan dari penelitian ini adalah untuk mengetahui karakter agronomi 26 genotipe padi lokal Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi. Metode yang digunakan dalam penelitian ini adalah Rancangan Acak Kelompok (RAK) non Faktorial, terdiri dari 26 genotipe padi lokal sebagai perlakuannya. Hasil penelitian menunjukkan perlakuan 26 genotipe  padi lokal berpengaruh nyata terhadap semua parameter pengamatan. Pada pengamatan jumlah anakan produktif, genotipe yang paling banyak jumlah anakan produktifnya terdapat pada genotipe PL25 (Saronda kuning) yaitu 11,49 batang. Pada pengamatan jumlah anakan hampa, genotipe yang paling sedikit jumlah anakan hampa adalah genotipe PL03 (Pandan wangi F4), PL10 (Limbayang), PL17 (Pulut kari) dan PL24 (Padi gondok) yaitu 0,24 batang. Pada pengamatan jumlah bulir permalai, yang paling banyak jumlah bulir permalai adalah genotipe PL09 (Samo putiah) yaitu 298,67 bulir. Pada pengamatan Berat Gabah Kering (gram/plot), genotipe yang paling berat adalah genotipe PL05 (Padi Ronda putiah) yaitu 102,19 (gram/plot). Pada pengamatan Berat Gabah Kering (ton/hektar), genotipe yang paling berat adalah genotipe PL05 (Padi Ronda putiah) yaitu 1,62 ton/hektar. Kata kunci : Genotipe padi lokal, Kabupaten Kuantan Singingi, Karakter Agronomi.The rice plant is an important food crop in the Kuantan Singingi district. Bicause rice is a source of staple food. The purpose of this study was to determine the agronomic characters of 26 lokal rice genotypes of Kuantan Singingi Regency. The method used in this research is a non factorial randomized block design method, consisted of 26 local rice genotypes as treatment. The result showed that 26 local rice genotypes significantly affected all the observed parameters. On the observation, the highest number of productive tillers was PL25 (Saronda kuning) treatment, namly 11,49 stems. On the observation, the number of empty tillers was the least PL03 (Pandan wangi F4), PL10 (Limbayang), PL17 (Pulut kari) dan PL24 (Padi gondok) was 0,24 stems. In observation, the most number of bullets was PL09 (Samo putiah), namely 298,67. In the observation of dry grain weight (grams/plot) was PL05 (Padi Ronda putiah) namely 102,19 grams/plot. In the observation of dry grain weight (tones/hectare) was PL05 (Padi Ronda putiah) namely 1,62 (tones/hectare). Keywords : Local rice genotypes, Kuantan Singingi Regency, Agronomic Character  

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