scholarly journals The impact of migrant workers' remittances on the living standards of families in Morocco: A propensity score matching approach

2015 ◽  
Vol 12 (1) ◽  
pp. 13-27 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamal Bouoiyour ◽  
Amal Miftah
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Urban Area ◽  
Migrant Workers ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Living Standards ◽  
Household Expenditure ◽  
Relative Poverty ◽  
Percentage Points ◽  
The Impact

This article attempts to assess empirically the impact of remittances on household expenditure and relative poverty in Morocco. We apply propensity score matching methods to the 2006/2007 Moroccan Living Standards Measurement Survey. We find that migrants’ remittances can improve living standards among Moroccan households and affect negatively the incidence of poverty. The results show a statistically significant and positive impact of hose remittances on recipient households’ expenditures. They are also significantly associated with a decline in the probability of being in poverty for rural households; it decreases by 11.3 percentage points. In comparison, this probability decreases by 3 points in urban area.  

scholarly journals A Propensity Score Matched Study of the Positive Impact of Infectious Diseases Consultation on Antimicrobial Appropriateness in Hospitalized Patients with Antimicrobial Stewardship Oversight

2020 ◽  
Vol 64 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Jacqueline T. Bork ◽  
Kimberly C. Claeys ◽  
Emily L. Heil ◽  
Mary Banoub ◽  
Surbhi Leekha ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Infectious Diseases ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Antimicrobial Stewardship ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
Audit And Feedback ◽  
Medical Specialties ◽  
Infectious Diseases Consultation ◽  
The Impact

ABSTRACT Hospital-based antibiotic stewardship (AS) programs provide oversight and guidance for appropriate antimicrobial use in acute care settings. Infectious disease expertise is beneficial in the care of hospitalized patients with infections. The impact of infectious diseases consultation (IDC) on antimicrobial appropriateness in a large tertiary hospital with an established AS program was investigated. This was a cross-sectional study from October 2017 to March 2019 at a large academic hospital with an AS-directed prospective audit and feedback process and multiple IDC services. Antimicrobial appropriateness was adjudicated by an AS team member after antimicrobial start. Antimicrobial appropriateness was compared among antimicrobial orders with and without IDC using propensity score matching and multivariable logistic regression. Analyses were stratified by primary services caring for the patients. There were 10,508 antimicrobial orders from 6,165 unique patient encounters. Overall appropriateness was 92%, with higher appropriateness among patients with IDC versus without IDC (94% versus 84%; P < 0.0001). After propensity score matching and adjustment for certain antibiotics, organisms, syndromes, and locations, IDC was associated with a greater antimicrobial appropriateness odds ratio (OR) of 2.4 (95% confidence interval [CI], 1.9 to 3.0). Stratification by primary service showed an OR of 2.9 (95% CI, 2.1 to 3.8) for surgical specialties and an OR of 1.6 (95% CI, 1.1 to 2.2) for medical specialties. Even with a high overall antimicrobial appropriateness, patients with IDC had greater odds of antimicrobial appropriateness than those without IDC, and this impact was greater in surgical specialties. Infectious diseases consultation can be synergistic with antimicrobial stewardship programs.

scholarly journals The Impact of New Technologies on Wages in Colombia: An Analysis With the 2018 Quality-of-Life Survey

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Fernando Barrios Aguirre ◽  
Martha Patricia Castellanos Saavedra ◽  
Diana Maritza Álvarez Ovalle ◽  
Nancy Milena Riveros Chávez
Keyword(s):  
Quality Of Life ◽  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Computer Use ◽  
New Technologies ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Public Policies ◽  
Learning Technologies ◽  
The Impact

This document evaluates the impact of computer use on wages in Colombia in 2018. For this analysis, a Propensity Score Matching model is used to evaluate the impact of the use of learning technologies on the wages and years of education of Colombians, based on the 2018 quality of life survey. The results show that the use of the computer, laptop, tablet, internet, transferred files, Excel and radio for learning have a positive impact on the wages of Colombians. This research allows a better understanding of the technological effects on wages and provides information for the design of public policies in the development of technological skills.

scholarly journals Socioeconomic and Environmental Impacts of Charcoal Production Activities of Rural Households in Mecha District, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-16
Author(s):  
Kassahun Tassie ◽  
Berihun Misganaw ◽  
Solomon Addisu ◽  
Ermias Tesfaye
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Respiratory Health ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Health Problems ◽  
Charcoal Production ◽  
Intergovernmental Panel ◽  
The Impact

Ethiopia is one of the largest charcoal-producing countries in Africa where its urban consumers burn over 3 million tons per year. The purpose of this study was to measure the amount of charcoal produced and its related environmental and socioeconomic impact in the study area. A total of 305 respondents were selected by using a simple random sampling technique. The amount of greenhouse gas emissions from charcoal production was analyzed based on the Intergovernmental Panel on climate change quantification techniques, and the impact of charcoal production on households’ income was analyzed using propensity score matching. The results revealed that the annual charcoal production rate and emission of carbon dioxide equivalent have an increasing trend at an alarming rate in the study area. From propensity score matching analysis, the economic impact of charcoal production has a positive difference of 0.43813162 as compared to nonproducers. Socioeconomic factors like land size, eucalyptus coverage, agricultural extension, market distance, and the number of oxen have a highly significant effect but variables like sex, family size, education status, credit services, and marital status had no significant effect on charcoal production. In general, even though charcoal production is economically having a positive impact on households’ annual aggregate income; it has disproportionality adverse effect on the environment like air pollution in addition to sophisticated respiratory health problems. Therefore, responsible institutions and planners should have focused on the multidimensional effect of traditional charcoal production on environmental issues and sophisticated health problems especially on employed laborers and nearby residents.

scholarly journals The Impact of Foreign Venture Capital Intervention on Venture Capital Innovation of Startup Entrepreneurs Using Propensity Score Matching Model

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bei Han
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Venture Capital ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Joint Venture ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Innovation Performance ◽  
Patent Applications ◽  
The Difference ◽  
Private Venture ◽  
The Impact

The research expects to give full play to the role of venture capital in corporate innovation and enhance the development capability of enterprises. Based on Propensity Score Matching (PSM) model, the characteristics of venture capital and startup enterprises are analyzed, and the innovation of venture capital is discussed. Next, the PSM model is used to analyze the innovation of venture capital intervention in enterprises from risk probability intervention, probability evaluation, matching equilibrium validity test, matching results analysis, different venture capital, and different background risks. The results show that the difference of standardized mean is close to 0, which accords with the equilibrium test. The significant impact of venture capital intervention on the Number of Invention Patent Applications (NIPA) and Number of Utility Model Patent Applications (NUMPA) is 0.1 and 0.01, respectively. Venture capital intervention has a significantly positive impact on NIPA and NUMPA but has no significant positive impact on Number of Design Patent Applications (NDPA). The impact of joint venture capital intervention on the NIPA, NUMPA, and NDPA is 0.0874, 0.0635, and 0.1213, respectively. Hence, the intervention of joint venture capital can greatly promote the increase of Number of Patent Applications (NPA), especially, NIPA, and NUMPA. Compared with private venture capital, joint venture capital plays a greater role in promoting the growth of NPA and NIPA. Compared with private venture capital and foreign venture capital, national venture capital has a stronger innovation orientation and a longer investment cycle, which can greatly improve innovation performance, such as NIPA, while private venture capital and foreign venture capital have a less significant impact on enterprise innovation performance. The results demonstrate that the foreign capital sharing assessment based on the PSM model can be a good predictor of the performance of startups. It is hoped that the research results can provide a reference for the development of startups.

scholarly journals Impact of Dairy Enterprises on Employment Creation and Income Generation in Hadiya Zone, Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 72
Author(s):  
Abriham Ababiya ◽  
Jema Haji ◽  
Endrias Geta ◽  
Lemma Zemedu
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Descriptive Statistics ◽  
Income Generation ◽  
Employment Creation ◽  
Survey Results ◽  
Household Heads ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Hadiya Zone

This study sought to examine the impact of dairy enterprises on employment creation and income generation in Hadiya zone, Ethiopia. Data were collected from 385 randomly selected household heads, three FGDs participants and five key informants&rsquo; interviews. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics and propensity score matching. The survey results showed that out of 385 sampled household heads 126 (32.5%) were members and the remaining 259 (67.5%) were non-members of micro and small dairy enterprises. The propensity score matching result shows that being member had significant positive impact on members&rsquo; employment creation and income generation. The result revealed that the membership resulted in average increment of household&rsquo;s annually employment creation by about 4 persons (33.98%) and income generation by Birr 12,339.00 (32.57%). The result showed that membership in dairy enterprises had a significant and positive impact on employment creation and income generation. The impact estimates were found to be insensitive to unobserved selection bias. It is, therefore, essential to expand and strengthen development of dairy enterprises and the membership of households in dairy enterprises to increase employment creation and income generation of members.

Peasant youth experiences of CEOs, risk aversion and corporate performance

2020 ◽  
Vol 32 (3) ◽  
pp. 278-312
Author(s):  
Kebin Deng ◽  
Zhong Ding ◽  
Yalu Wang
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Risk Aversion ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Corporate Performance ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Listed Companies ◽  
Risk Prevention ◽  
Difference In Differences ◽  
Youth Experiences ◽  
The Impact

This article examines the impact of spiritual tempering on corporate performance by investigating the experiences of CEOs who were part of the “peasant youth” between 1957 and 1976 in China. Using a sample of China’s listed companies and by developing propensity score matching and a difference-in-differences model, we find that CEOs who had profound peasant youth experiences have a stronger awareness of risk prevention and that these experiences lead to an improvement in corporate performance of over 3%. In addition, the positive impact of CEOs’ peasant youth experience on corporate performance is pronounced in either state-owned or non-state-owned enterprises. Overall, this study confirms that spiritual tempering has a significant positive impact on corporate performance.

scholarly journals Impact of Multidisciplinary Stroke Post-Acute Care on Cost and Functional Status: A Prospective Study Based on Propensity Score Matching

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 161
Author(s):  
Chong-Chi Chiu ◽  
Jhi-Joung Wang ◽  
Chao-Ming Hung ◽  
Hsiu-Fen Lin ◽  
Hong-Hsi Hsien ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Functional Status ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Acute Care ◽  
Medical Cost ◽  
Economic Burden ◽  
Stroke Rehabilitation ◽  
Stroke Patients ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Post Acute Care

Few papers discuss how the economic burden of patients with stroke receiving rehabilitation courses is related to post-acute care (PAC) programs. This is the first study to explore the economic burden of stroke patients receiving PAC rehabilitation and to evaluate the impact of multidisciplinary PAC programs on cost and functional status simultaneously. A total of 910 patients with stroke between March 2014 and October 2018 were separated into a PAC group (at two medical centers) and a non-PAC group (at three regional hospitals and one district hospital) by using propensity score matching (1:1). A cost–illness approach was employed to identify the cost categories for analysis in this study according to various perspectives. Total direct medical cost in the per-diem-based PAC cohort was statistically lower than that in the fee-for-service-based non-PAC cohort (p < 0.001) and annual per-patient economic burden of stroke patients receiving PAC rehabilitation is approximately US $354.3 million (in 2019, NT $30.5 = US $1). Additionally, the PAC cohort had statistical improvement in functional status vis-à-vis the non-PAC cohort and total score of each functional status before rehabilitation and was also statistically significant with its total score after one-year rehabilitation training (p < 0.001). Early stroke rehabilitation is important for restoring health, confidence, and safe-care abilities in these patients. Compared to the current stroke rehabilitation system, PAC rehabilitation shortened the waiting time for transfer to the rehabilitation ward and it was indicated as an efficient policy for treatment of stroke in saving medical cost and improving functional status.

scholarly journals Adoption of improved agricultural technology and its impact on household income: a propensity score matching estimation in eastern Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Muluken G. Wordofa ◽  
Jemal Y. Hassen ◽  
Getachew S. Endris ◽  
Chanyalew S. Aweke ◽  
Dereje K. Moges ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Propensity Score ◽  
Propensity Score Matching ◽  
Technology Use ◽  
Household Income ◽  
Agricultural Technology ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Farm Income ◽  
Agricultural Technologies ◽  
Eastern Ethiopia ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Background Adoption of improved agricultural technologies remains to be a promising strategy to achieve food security and poverty reduction in many developing countries. However, there are limited rigorous impact evaluations on the contributions of such technologies on household welfare. This paper investigates the impact of improved agricultural technology use on farm household income in eastern Ethiopia. Methods Primary data for the study was obtained from a random sample of 248 rural households, 119 of which are improved technology users and the rest are non-users. The research employed the Propensity Score Matching (PSM) procedure to establish the causal relationship between adoption of improved crop and livestock technologies and changes in farm income. Results Results from the econometric analysis show that households using improved agricultural technologies had, on average, 23,031.28 Birr (Birr is the official currency of Ethiopia. The exchange rate according to the National Bank of Ethiopia (NBE) was 1 USD = 27.6017 Birr on 04 October 2018.) higher annual farm income compared to those households not using such technologies. Our findings highlight the importance of promoting multiple and complementary agricultural technologies among rural smallholders. Conclusions We suggest that rural technology generation, dissemination and adoption interventions be strengthened. Moreover, the linkage among research, extension, universities and farmers needs to be enhanced through facilitating a multistakeholders innovation platforms.

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