Migration, Trade and Remittances: Low- and High-Skilled Workers

2016 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 37-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip L. Martin
Keyword(s):  
Economic Theory ◽  
International Trade ◽  
International Migration ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Free Trade Agreements ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Trade Deals ◽  
National Borders ◽  
At Home

International migration involves the movement of people over national borders, while international trade deals with the production of goods or services in one country and their consumption in another. Economic theory assumes that migration and trade are substitutes, so that freer trade between countries with different wage levels should reduce voluntary migration as trade leads to convergence in wages. However, free-trade agreements can produce a migration hump as the pace of change accelerates and economies adjust, as migration increases before investment creates enough jobs to generate stay-at-home development despite remittances from migrants abroad. Efforts to deal with the root causes of migration must be aware of potential migration humps.

Brexit will be damaging for UK-EU services trade

2020 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Free Trade Agreements ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Services Trade ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Cross Border ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Trade Deals ◽  
The Eu

Significance Even if it succeeds, this will have a greater disruptive impact on the trade in services than goods, because the EU’s single market enables greater cross-border services trade than is typical of other free trade agreements (FTAs). This is likely to cut the volume of EU-UK services trade, in which the United Kingdom currently enjoys a substantial surplus. Impacts The United Kingdom’s departure from the EU will diminish its appeal for multinationals over the next few years, at least. The new UK immigration system could result in staff shortages in low-skilled services sectors. The imperative of tackling COVID-19 will likely delay the conclusion of new trade deals with non-EU countries.

scholarly journals Free Trade Agreement between Turkey and Russian Federation and its Possible Effects to these Countries’ Trade and Taxational Reflections

2015 ◽  
Author(s):  
Raşit Gültekin ◽  
Mustafa Erkan Üyümez
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Russian Federation ◽  
Regional Integration ◽  
Free Trade Agreement ◽  
Free Trade Agreements ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Trade Restrictions ◽  
The Impact

The last period of international trade in goods covers a process carried out with globalization and regionalization efforts. Many countries, on the one hand, take part in arrangements that are executed under the leadership by global actors and aim at removing or reducing conventional obstacles to international trade, on the other hand, participate in various and regional economic integrations to provide a more deep and comprehensive economic cooperation and to cope with the competition and trade restrictions which continually increasing due to political, commercial and economical motives. Trade relations between Turkey and Russian Federation is an important element of the two countries' multidimensional cooperation. The most effective attempt to raise the top level of the volume and quality of existing commercial relationships will be the signing and putting into practice of a comprehensive free trade agreements between the two countries that have not been done previously. The purpose of this study is to determine the potential effects of such a free trade agreements between Turkey and Russian Federation in terms of trade in goods between two countries. To this end, in this study, theoretical aspects of free trade agreements' effects and place within regional integration types will be considered the impact of the possible Turkey-Russia free trade agreement will be examined in a framework of basic provisions with customs duties that set out in free trade agreements, recent trade data and key issues related to these countries.

scholarly journals PRACTICAL ASPECTS OF CUSTOMS AFFAIRS: EXCHANGE OF INFORMATION ON COUNTRY OF ORIGIN OF GOODS

2019 ◽  
pp. 119-123
Author(s):  
V.Р. Zhdanova
Keyword(s):  
European Union ◽  
International Trade ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Country Of Origin ◽  
Free Trade Agreements ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
The State ◽  
The European Union ◽  
Association Agreement ◽  
Exchange Of Information

Today, for the State Fiscal Service of Ukraine, one of the priority areas of international customs cooperation is cooperation with the customs authorities of other countries on the fulfillment of the terms of current free trade agreements. In this context, the exchange of information on the country of origin of goods moving across the customs border of Ukraine is of particular importance, which is one of the important factors for intensifying trade between Ukraine and the European Union. The Association Agreement between Ukraine and the European Union defines a number of obligations that Ukraine must fulfill in order to harmonize national legislation with the requirements of the relevant legislation of the European Union. Please note that there are now over 400 аgreements about free trade and preferential trade agreements that reduce customs tariffs on certain goods, provided they meet the specified origin criteria. However, many participants in foreign economic activity ignore the fact that they may claim tariff preferences or are uninformed in determining whether the goods they buy or sell are entitled to preferential treatment. As a result, many international trade participants pay a fee for goods originating in countries that are parties to the Free Trade Agreements, losing a financial advantage over their competitors. However, many exporters also lose business opportunities, and micro, small and medium-sized enterprises are particularly affected. This article is aimed at exploring the main aspects of legal and organizational support for the exchange of information on issues of the country of origin of goods in the course of customs in Ukraine. The author also intends to explore aspects of international cooperation of the State Fiscal Service of Ukraine with other customs authorities in determining the country of origin of goods moving across the customs border of Ukraine. Determine the possibility of further application of the preferential conditions provided for in the Free Trade Agreements concluded with the participation of Ukraine in the prevention, detection, and/or termination of customs-related violations of the origin of goods. Keywords. information, exchange of information, product, country of origin of the product, international trade.

scholarly journals TRANSPARENCY PROVIDING FOR INTERNATIONAL TRADE REGULATION WITHIN GATT / WTO

2018 ◽  
pp. 99-104
Author(s):  
Viktoriia Yakovchenko
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Free Trade Agreements ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Trade Regulation ◽  
Goods And Services ◽  
Wto Agreements

The article deals with the main principles of the WTO agreements as for the trade in goods and services that provide for transparency. The importance of the factor of transparency for the development of international trade is analysed. The main mechanisms for ensuring the transparency of regulation of international trade at the national and multilateral level are determined. The obligations of WTO members to respect the principle of transparency are outlined. The main problems of application of the principle of WTO transparency in the field of bilateral free trade agreements are considered.

How Free Trade Agreements Affect Exports and Imports in Vietnam

2017 ◽  
Vol 33 (5E) ◽  
Author(s):  
Nguyen Thi Hoang Oanh
Keyword(s):  
International Trade ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
World Economy ◽  
Free Trade Agreement ◽  
Free Trade Agreements ◽  
Trade Agreement ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Trade Flows ◽  
Hub And Spoke ◽  
The Impact

The important year of 1995 marked Vietnam’s first integration as a member of ASEAN. By 2016, Vietnam had negotiated, signed, and implemented sixteen free trade agreements. They include both multilateral and bilateral free trade agreements such as the China-ASEAN, Vietnam-Chile, and Vietnam-Japan agreements. By signing free trade agreements Vietnam can increase trade flows in bilateral and multilateral developed-country FTA scenarios. Trade creation and diversion can be found in multilateral developing-country FTA scenarios and the author finds the impacts of each free trade agreement is different if analyzed for each 2-digit commodity. Keywords Free trade agreement, trade, import, export.t commodity References [1] Baier, S.L., Bergstrand, J.H., “Do free trade agreements actually increase members’ international trade?”, Journal of International Economics, 71 (2007), 72-95.[2] Chong, Soo Yuen & Hur, Jung, “Small Hubs, Large Spokes and Overlapping Free Trade Agreements”, The World Economy, 10.1111/j (2008), 1467-9701.[3] Hur, J., Alba, J. D., & Park, D., “Effects of hub-and-spoke free trade agreements on trade: A panel data analysis”, World Development, 38 (2010) 8, 1105-111.[4] McDonald, S. & Walmsley, Terrie, “Bilateral Free Trade Agreements and Customs Unions: The Impact of the EU Republic of South Africa Free Trade Agreement on Botswana”, The World Economy, 10.1111/j (2008),1467-9701.[5] Pan, S., Welch, M., Mohanty, S., Fadiga, M., & Ethridge, D., “Welfare analysis of the Dominican Republic-Central America-United States free trade agreement: The cotton textile and apparel industries”, The International Trade Journal, Vol. XXII (2008) 2, 1521-0545.[6] Benedictis, L., Santis, R., Vicarelli, C., “Hub-and-Spoke or else? Free trade agreements in the “enlarged” European Union”, The European Journal of Comparative Economics, 2 (2005) 2, 245-260.[7] Nguyen, Q.H., & Nguyen, T.H., “The impact of free trade agreement on trade flow of goods in Vietnam”, Vietnam Economist Annual Meeting, 2015[8] Das, R.U., Rishi, M., Dubey, J.D., “Asean plus six and successful FTAS: Can India propel intra-industry trade flows?”, The Journal of Developing Areas, 50 (2016) 2.[9] Hayakawa, K., “Impact of diagonal accumulation rule on FTA utilization: Evidence from bilateral and multilateral FTAs between Japan and Thailand”, J. Japanese Int. Economies, 32 (2014), 1-16.[10] Jennifer Y. Leung, “Bilateral vertical specialization between the U.S. and its trade partners - before and after the free trade agreements”, International Review of Economics and Finance, 45 (2016), 177-196.[11] Jongwanich, J., & Kohpaiboon, A., “Exporter responses to FTA tariff preferences: evidence from Thailand”, Asian Pacific Economic Literature (2017).[12] Lakatos, C., & Walmsley, T., “Investment creation and diversion effects of the ASEAN-China free trade agreement”, Economic Modelling, 29 (2012), 766-779.[13] Vanhnalat, B. at el., “Assessment the Effect of Free Trade Agreements on Exports of Lao PDR”, International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 5 (2015) 2, 365-376.[14] Vietnam Chamber of Commerce and Industry (VCCI), “Freedom of international trade in Vietnam”, Research report, Vietnam, 2015.

scholarly journals Misattributed blame? Attitudes toward globalization in the age of automation

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-18
Author(s):  
Nicole Wu
Keyword(s):  
Free Trade ◽  
Free Trade Agreements ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Representative Survey ◽  
Skilled Workers ◽  
Job Market ◽  
Standard Assumption ◽  
National Elections ◽  
Pocket Book ◽  
Nationally Representative

Abstract Many, especially low-skilled workers, blame globalization for their economic woes. Robots and machines, which have led to job market polarization, rising income inequality, and labor displacement, are often viewed much more forgivingly. This paper argues that citizens have a tendency to misattribute blame for economic dislocations toward immigrants and workers abroad, while discounting the effects of technology. Using the 2016 American National Elections Studies, a nationally representative survey, I show that workers facing higher risks of automation are more likely to oppose free trade agreements and favor immigration restrictions, even controlling for standard explanations for these attitudes. Although pocket-book concerns do influence attitudes toward globalization, this study calls into question the standard assumption that individuals understand and can correctly identify the sources of their economic anxieties. Accelerated automation may have intensified attempts to resist globalization.

scholarly journals Free trade agreements and their impact on latin american migrations: An approach

2008 ◽  
pp. 7-24
Author(s):  
Ricardo Ernesto Buitrago R.
Keyword(s):  
International Migration ◽  
Free Trade ◽  
Latin American ◽  
Job Creation ◽  
Free Trade Agreements ◽  
Trade Agreements ◽  
Major Determinant ◽  
Potential Impact ◽  
Latin American Countries

This paper aims to review the causes of international migration and the potential impact of FTAs (Free TradeAgreements) on latin american migrations. The first part describes the economic and non-economic causes for migration. The second one shows the potential impact of FTAs in the economy (job creation/destruction by sectors) in CAFTA countries and Colombia.The last part shows that there is little correlation between the commercial openness (FTAs) and the reduction of poverty. Poverty seems to be increasing in the studied countries –even more in those with the most open commercial regimens, than in those with the most closed ones. Data proves that openness doesn’t reduce the poverty automatically; on the contrary, in some (regional or subregional) cases it increases and causes a major determinant of international migration in latin american countries.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document