scholarly journals MEASUREMENT OF THE HUMAN POTENTIAL BY MEANS OF THE INTERNAL ENTROPY IN THE FIRM

2012 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-107
Author(s):  
Jana Plchová
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Living Organism ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Current State ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Living Organisms

The approach expressed by its author A. Kopčaj as a Spiral management is based on the philosophy according to which the firm is perceived as a living organism. Living organisms are guided by the principle of reducing their entropy in order to ensure the inevitable energy as well as their long-term survival. The contribution is analysing one of the potential applications of the above-indicated approach to the firm in which the measurement of the so-called internal entropy gives the possibility to determine in a very precise way whether the new managerial approach can be or cannot be implemented in the firm in the current state or whether it is possible to define the strategies for cultivation of the firm´s social capital. The paper proceeds from the data acquired during practical applications of the Spiral management in the environment of the Czech and Slovak companies. Key words: entropy, social subsystem of the firm, technical subsystem of the firm, the Spiral management.

scholarly journals Monitoring of Gyps species vulture in Nawalparasi district, Nepal

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 35-43
Author(s):  
P Subedi
Keyword(s):  
Key Words ◽  
School Children ◽  
Veterinary Drug ◽  
Suitable Habitat ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Conservation Awareness ◽  
Vulture Conservation ◽  
Gyps Bengalensis ◽  
Breeding Status

Critically endangered White-rumped vulture (WRV), Gyps bengalensis and Slender-billed vulture (SBV), Gyps tenuirostris monitoring was conducted in Nawalparasi district in the winter of 2005 following Postupalsky criterion. The objectives of this study were to identify and monitor nest localities, behaviour and to explore information about the vultures. A total of 48 Gyps vulture nest was located at six colonies. Of these nests, 18 were found to be active nets, six nests belonged to SBV and 12 nests belonged to WRV. Hundred percent nestling successes were observed in the study area. Restricted pesticides i.e. BHC and DDT were found used in this area. Diclofenac was the commonly used veterinary drug in the treatment of livestock. Carcasses disposal practice was found favorable to the vulture's survival. Gyps vulture richness found in this area is due to the availability of food i.e. floating carcass along the edge of the Narayani river and suitable habitat for roosting and nesting. The majority of the respondents had found favorable attitude towards vulture conservation. Further studies on Gyps vulture to identify the breeding status, head droppings behavior as well as conservation awareness program for local people and school children are recommended for long-term survival of these lords of the sky in the study area. Key words: Gyps vulture, monitoring, diclofenac, pesticides   doi: 10.3126/banko.v18i2.2171 Banko Janakari, Vol. 18, No. 2, 35-43

scholarly journals Current State of Vascular Resections in Pancreatic Cancer Surgery

2015 ◽  
Vol 2015 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thilo Hackert ◽  
Lutz Schneider ◽  
Markus W. Büchler
Keyword(s):  
Pancreatic Cancer ◽  
Adjuvant Treatment ◽  
Locally Advanced ◽  
Neoadjuvant Treatment ◽  
Treatment Strategies ◽  
Western World ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Long Term Survival ◽  
Current State

Pancreatic cancer (PDAC) is the fourth leading cause of cancer-related mortality in the Western world and, even in 2014, a therapeutic challenge. The only chance for long-term survival is radical surgical resection followed by adjuvant chemotherapy which can be performed in about 20% of all PDAC patients by the time of diagnosis. As pancreatic surgery has significantly changed during the past years, extended operations, including vascular resections, have become more frequently performed in specialized centres and the border of resectability has been pushed forward to achieve a potentially curative approach in the respective patients in combination with neoadjuvant and adjuvant treatment strategies. In contrast to adjuvant treatment which has to be regarded as a cornerstone to achieve long-term survival after resection, neoadjuvant treatment strategies for locally advanced findings are currently under debate. This overview summarizes the possibilities and evidence of vascular, namely, venous and arterial, resections in PDAC surgery.

scholarly journals Recent Development of Photodeformable Crystals: From Materials to Mechanisms

Research ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ◽  
pp. 1-26
Author(s):  
Cheng Huang ◽  
Rongjuan Huang ◽  
Simin Zhang ◽  
Haodong Sun ◽  
Hailan Wang ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mechanical Energy ◽  
Light Response ◽  
Molecular Structures ◽  
Artificial Muscles ◽  
Mechanical Behaviors ◽  
Prospective Development ◽  
Practical Applications ◽  
Current State ◽  
Potential Applications ◽  
Fast Light

Photodeformable materials are a class of molecules that can convert photon energy into mechanical energy, which have attracted tremendous attention in the last few decades. Owing to their unique photoinduced deformable properties, including fast light-response and diverse mechanical behaviors, photodeformable materials have exhibited great potential in many practical applications such as actuators, photoswitches, artificial muscles, and bioimaging. In this review, we sort out the current state of photodeformable crystals and classify them into six categories by molecular structures: diarylethenes, azobenzenes, anthracenes, olefins, triarylethylenes, and other systems. Three distinct light-responsive mechanisms, photocyclization, trans-cis isomerization, and photodimerization, are revealed to play significant roles in the molecular photodeformation. Their corresponding photodeformable behaviors such as twisting, bending, hopping, bursting, and curling, as well as the potential applications, are also discussed. Furthermore, the challenges and prospective development directions of photodeformable crystals are highlighted.

scholarly journals Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticle-Based Imaging Agents for Hepatocellular Carcinoma Detection

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xuqi Peng ◽  
Gan Lin ◽  
Yun Zeng ◽  
Zhao Lei ◽  
Gang Liu
Keyword(s):  
Hepatocellular Carcinoma ◽  
Mesoporous Silica ◽  
Imaging System ◽  
Early Stage ◽  
Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles ◽  
Silica Nanoparticle ◽  
Imaging Agents ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Potential Applications

Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is characterized by poor prognosis and high mortality. The treatment of HCC is closely related to the stage, and the early-stage of HCC patients usually accompanies a more long-term survival rate after clinical treatment. Hence, there are critical needs to develop effective imaging agents with superior diagnostic precision for HCC detection at an early stage. Recently, mesoporous silica nanoparticles (MSNs) based imaging agents have gained extensive attentions in HCC detection, which can serve as a multifunctional nanoplatform with controllable size and facile surface functionalization. This perspective summarizes recent advances in MSNs based imaging agents for HCC detection by the incorporation of several clinical imaging modalities. Multi-modal imaging system has been developed for higher spatial resolution and sensitivity. Even though some limitations and challenges need to be overcome, we envision the development of novel MSNs based imaging agents will offer great potential applications in clinical HCC detection.

scholarly journals Current state of total knee arthroplasty

2020 ◽  
Vol 63 (8) ◽  
pp. 452-461
Author(s):  
Jeung-Hwan Seo ◽  
Sang Hak Lee
Keyword(s):  
Total Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Knee Arthroplasty ◽  
Computer Assisted ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Patient’S Satisfaction ◽  
Current State ◽  
Cost Effective Treatment ◽  
Total Knee ◽  
End Stage

Total knee arthroplasty (TKA) is a successful and cost-effective treatment for end-stage degenerative arthritis. The aging of society and an increase in the prevalence of obesity has led to increases in the prevalence of arthritis and the incidence of TKA. Currently, the total number of procedures in Korea per year has reached 90,000. With the rapid growth, we need to know about the current state of TKA. The purpose of this review is to summarize the recent literature regarding TKA. The main indication for TKA is end-stage arthritis with severe pain, reduced function, and no response to conservative management. Metal on the polyethylene-bearing surface and cobalt alloy are used in most TKAs. Despite good clinical outcomes and long-term survival rates after TKA in many papers, 20% of patients are dissatisfied with the outcome of surgery. To improve the patient’s satisfaction, surgeons should understand factors affecting patient’s satisfaction, including patient’s expectations, age, and preoperative mental state. Navigation-assisted surgery and robotic surgery have been introduced in knee arthroplasty to achieve more precise and accurate alignment. There is some evidence to suggest that computer-assisted surgery reduces revision rates. However, clinical efficacy is also controversial, and a long-term follow-up study is required. The common complications of TKA include infection, polyethylene wear, loosening, stiffness, periprosthetic fracture, and thromboembolism. An understanding of the potential complications and pitfalls of TKA is essential for prevention.

Strategic Priorities for the Development of Social Capital in the Regions of Russia

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 (1) ◽  
pp. 76-88
Author(s):  
Svetlana Rastvortseva ◽  
Ekaterina Panina
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Institutional Environment ◽  
Federal District ◽  
Decision Makers ◽  
Human Potential ◽  
Strategic Development ◽  
Current State ◽  
Basic Approaches ◽  
The City ◽  
New Strategies

Introduction. Social capital is an important strategic asset for regional development. It refers to the institutions, relationships, and norms that shape the quality and quantity of social interactions. Human assets, social capital, and institutional environment are the three pillars of human potential for the creation of wealth. The present article introduces basic approaches to the definition and assessment of social capital and its types. The research results can help to create new strategies for the socio-economic development of regions. Study objects and methods. The authors identified three parameters of social capital: frequency of human contacts, homogeneity, and hierarchy. The paper also describes four types of social capital: linking, bonding, identifying, and uniting. Results and discussion. The research featured the development of social capital in the regions of the Central Federal District in 2000–2019, as well as the priority directions of the development of social capital in the city of Moscow and the regions of Moscow, Kaluga, and Kursk. Conclusion. At the regional level, strategic priorities for the development of social capital depend on its key components, current state, forming factors, and trends. The research can be of interest for scientists and decision-makers in the field of territorial strategic development.

scholarly journals β-Oxidation and autophagy are critical energy providers during acute glucose depletion in Saccharomyces cerevisiae

2020 ◽  
Vol 117 (22) ◽  
pp. 12239-12248 ◽  
Author(s):  
Carmen A. Weber ◽  
Karthik Sekar ◽  
Jeffrey H. Tang ◽  
Philipp Warmer ◽  
Uwe Sauer ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Energy Production ◽  
Metabolic Response ◽  
Critical Energy ◽  
Yeast Cells ◽  
Glucose Starvation ◽  
Energy Status ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Glucose Depletion ◽  
Living Organisms

The ability to tolerate and thrive in diverse environments is paramount to all living organisms, and many organisms spend a large part of their lifetime in starvation. Upon acute glucose starvation, yeast cells undergo drastic physiological and metabolic changes and reestablish a constant—although lower—level of energy production within minutes. The molecules that are rapidly metabolized to fuel energy production under these conditions are unknown. Here, we combine metabolomics and genetics to characterize the cells’ response to acute glucose depletion and identify pathways that ensure survival during starvation. We show that the ability to respire is essential for maintaining the energy status and to ensure viability during starvation. Measuring the cells’ immediate metabolic response, we find that central metabolites drastically deplete and that the intracellular AMP-to-ATP ratio strongly increases within 20 to 30 s. Furthermore, we detect changes in both amino acid and lipid metabolite levels. Consistent with this, both bulk autophagy, a process that frees amino acids, and lipid degradation via β-oxidation contribute in parallel to energy maintenance upon acute starvation. In addition, both these pathways ensure long-term survival during starvation. Thus, our results identify bulk autophagy and β-oxidation as important energy providers during acute glucose starvation.

scholarly journals A Comprehensive Review on Types, Methods and Different Regions Related to Water–Energy–Food Nexus

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (16) ◽  
pp. 8276
Author(s):  
Zeyang Bian ◽  
Dan Liu
Keyword(s):  
Food Systems ◽  
Water Security ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Scientometric Analysis ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Current State ◽  
Wide Range ◽  
Survival And Development ◽  
Nexus Analysis

Water, food, and energy are three of the most important resources for long-term survival and development. The term “nexus” is used to underline the need of controlling these primary components collectively rather than separately because they are interconnected and linked. With the purpose of better understanding nexus thinking and showcasing nexus analysis approaches and tools, this study explores the current state of the approach to the water–energy–food relationship, which has gotten a lot of attention in recent years. Water–energy, water–food, water–energy–food, water–energy, and climate are the four forms of nexus. This paper examines a variety of methodologies based on their principal objectives and provides a basic overview of a wide range of currently available methods and instruments for analyzing the water–energy–food (WEF) nexus. According to this study, the quantity of studies on the water–energy–food nexus has increased significantly, as the scientific community’s ability to analyze water, food, and energy interlinkages at a greater resolution. The integration and optimization of this multi-centric nexus is explored, with focus on four regions—Asia, Europe, America, and Africa—as a case study. The WEF nexus should be used in case studies to help illustrate its intricacies. Furthermore, this study builds a methodology and frameworks to find study linkages between water, energy, food, and other components, for a nexus analysis and discuss the major challenges and its solutions. This study also includes a scientometric analysis that looks at the countries and keyword mapping. Furthermore, the study is being planned, with an emphasis on quantitative analysis of the water–energy–food nexus which is helpful for the water security at local and global scale. This study aids in the coordination of research efforts to solve the difficult issues in nexus research and create sustainable and adaptable water, energy, and food systems.

The current state of, and future prospects for, cardiac transplantation in children

2003 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 64-83 ◽  
Author(s):  
Steven A. Webber
Keyword(s):  
Cardiac Transplantation ◽  
Solid Organ Transplantation ◽  
Complex Congenital Heart Disease ◽  
Solid Organ ◽  
Term Survival ◽  
Current State ◽  
Improved Outcomes ◽  
Great Hope ◽  
Immunosuppressive Medications

During the last two decades, several advances have resulted in marked improvement in medium-term survival, with excellent quality of life, in children undergoing cardiac transplantation. Improved outcomes reflect better selection of donors and recipients, increased surgical experience in transplantation for complex congenital heart disease, development of effective surveillance for rejection, and wider choice of immunosuppressive medications. Despite all of these advances, recipients continue to suffer from the adverse effects of non-specific immunosupression, including infections, induction of lymphoproliferative disorders and other malignancies, renal dysfunction, and other important end-organ toxicities. Furthermore, newer immunosuppressive regimes, thus far, appear to have had relatively little impact on the incidence of chronic rejection. Progress in our understanding of the immunologic mechanisms of rejection and graft acceptance should lead to more targeted immunosuppressive therapy and avoidance of non-specific immunosupression. The ultimate goal is to induce a state of tolerance, wherein the recipient will accept the allograft indefinitely, without the need for long-term immunusupression, and yet remain immuno-competent to all non-donor antigens. This quest is currently being realized in many animal models of solid organ transplantation, and offers great hope for the future.

scholarly journals Nanotoxicity: The Dark Side of Nanoformulations

2020 ◽  
Vol 01 ◽  
Author(s):  
Saket Asati ◽  
Adarsh Sahu ◽  
Ashish Jain
Keyword(s):  
Drug Delivery ◽  
Living Organism ◽  
Dark Side ◽  
Chemotherapeutic Drugs ◽  
Future Prospects ◽  
Oxygen Stress ◽  
Detailed Classification ◽  
Living Organisms

: Nanotoxicity has become the topic of great concern in nanoscience and nanotechnology because of the increasing toxic effects of nanomaterials on living organisms. The toxic patterns of chemotherapeutic drugs, nanomedicines, and nanocarrier are closely associated. Long term exposure of nanocarrier composed of several bioactive (protein and peptide drugs) and chemotherapeutic drugs (anticancerous agents) leads to toxicity, selective induction of cytotoxicity in normal cells and organ. Important factors that contribute directly and significantly to the toxicity of nanoparticles (NPs) constitute particle size, shape and surface area. Apart from size and shape, the structure of the NPs also contributes to nanotoxicity. The review focused on the basic perceptions and mechanisms of nanomaterial-based drug delivery and nanotoxicity is introduced along with a detailed classification of drug delivery approaches i.e., carbon nanotubes, Quantum dots, fullernes and NPs and nanotoxicity models, supported by the most contemporary investigation studies with distinctive emphasis on the communicates between nanotoxicity and nanomedicines research, which is emphasized in order to discover future prospects for developing progressive therapeutic methods. In this framework, the present silhouette focused to assemble and present recent advances, outcomes, and interlinks between nanomaterial-based drug delivery and nanotoxicity disciplines in order to provide inclusive supervision for future nanotechnology-based medicinal research. Reactive oxygen stress with subsequent DNA damage is the major reason for nanotoxicity which can be overcome using green nanoscience uses of antioxidants and surface modification. The silhouette is established with future forecasts on the use of nanocarrier for manipulating the behavior living organism.

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