Identity Today and the Critical Task of Semioethics

2021 ◽  
Vol 2021 ii (15) ◽  
pp. 77-145
Author(s):  
Susan Petrilli ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Specific Reference ◽  
Life Itself ◽  
Unique Word ◽  
The Common ◽  
Critical Task ◽  
Object Of Study ◽  
The Voice

The critical task of semioethics implies recognition of the common condition of dialogical interrelation and the capacity for listening, where dialogue does not imply a relation we choose to concede thanks to a sense of generosity towards the other, but on the contrary is no less than structural to life itself, a necessary condition for life to flourish, an inevitable imposition. With specific reference to anthroposemiosis, semioethics focuses on the concrete singularity of the human individual and the inevitability of intercorporeal interconnection with others. The singularity, uniqueness of each one of us implies otherness and dialogism. Semioethics assumes that whatever the object of study and however specialized the analysis, human individuals in their concrete singularity cannot ignore the inevitable condition of involvement in the destiny of others, that is, involvement without alibis. From this point of view, the symptoms studied from a semioethical perspective are not only specified in their singularity, on the basis of a unique relationship with the other, the world, self, but are above all social symptoms. Any idea, wish, sentiment, value, interest, need, evil or good examined by semioethics as a symptom is expressed in the word, the unique word, the embodied word, in the voice which arises in the dialectic and dialogical interrelation between singularity and sociality.

Wacana Kolonial dalam Novel Max Havelaar: Sebuah Kajian Poskolonial

Metahumaniora ◽  
2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (3) ◽  
pp. 411
Author(s):  
Abu Bakar Ramadhan Muhamad
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
The Novel ◽  
Colonial Discourse ◽  
The Impact ◽  
The Voice

AbstrakHegemoni kolonialisme dalam budaya poskolonial merupakan alasan penelitian inikemudian mengkaji wacana kolonial dalam novel Max Havellar (MH) khususnya dampakditimbulkannya. Dampak dimaksud adalah posisi keberpihakan pemikiran tersirat darikarya tersebut. Hasil pembahasan menunjukkan, secara temporal maupun permanen MHmenyuarakan ketidakadilan dalam kondisi-kondisi kolonial menyangkut penindasan sangpenjajah terhadap terjajah. Hanya saja, upaya mengatasnamakan atau mewakili suarakaum terjajah terbukti mengimplikasikan ciri ideologis statis kerangka kolonialisme(orientalisme); yakni cara pandang Eropasentris, di mana “Barat” sebagai self adalah superior,dan “Timur” sebagai other adalah inferior. Dalam konteks poskolonialisme, MH dengan sifatkritisnya yang berupaya “menyuarakan” nasib pribumi terjajah, justru menampilkan stigmapenguatan kolonialitas itu sendiri secara hegemonik. Artinya, “menyuarakan” nasib pribumidimaknai sebagai keberpihankan kolonial yang kontradiktif, di mana stigma penguatankolonialitas justru lebih terasa, ujung-ujungnya melanggengkan hegemoni kolonial. Tidakmembela yang terjajah, tetapi memperhalus cara kerja mesin kolonial.AbstractThe hegemony of colonialism in the culture of postcolonial society is the reason this studythen examines the colonial discourse in the novel Max Havellar (MH) in particular the impactit brings. The impact in question is the implied position of thought in the work. The resultsof the discussion show that, temporarily or permanently, MH voiced injustice in the colonialconditions regarding the oppression of the colonist against the colonized. However, the effort toname or represent the voice of the colonized has proven to imply a static ideological characterin the framework of colonialism (orientalism); ie Eropacentric point of view, in which “West” asself is superior, and “East” as the other is the inferior. In the context of postcolonialism, MH withits critical nature that seeks to “voice” the fate of the colonized natives, actually presents thestigma of strengthening coloniality itself hegemonicly. That is, “voicing” the fate of the pribumiis interpreted as a contradictory colonial flare, where the stigma of strengthening colonialityis more pronounced, which ultimately perpetuates the hegemony of colonialism. No longerdefending the colonized, but refining the workings of the colonial machinery.

Voices of Spectators and Audience Power

Pólemos ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Christian Biet
Keyword(s):  
Social Relationship ◽  
The Other ◽  
Long Period ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Common ◽  
Dramatic Action ◽  
The Law ◽  
The Voice ◽  
The Way

AbstractTheatre and law are not so different. Generally, researchers work on the art of theatre, the rhetoric of the actors, or the dramaturgy built from law cases or from the questions that the law does not completely resolve. Trials, tragedies, even comedies are close: everybody can see the interpenetration of them on stage and in the courts. We know that, and we know that the dramas are made with/from/of law, we know that the art the actors are developing is not so far from the art of the lawyers, and conversely. In this paper, I would like to have a look at the action of the audience, at the session itself and at the way the spectators are here to evaluate and judge not only the dramatic action, not only the art of the actors, not only the text of the author, but also the other spectators, and themselves too. In particular, I will focus on the “common judgment” of the audience and on its judicial, aesthetic and social relationship. The spectators have been undisciplined, noisy, unruled, during such a long period that theatre still retains some prints of this behaviour, even if nowadays, the social and aesthetic rule is to be silent. But uncertainty, inattention, distraction, contradiction, heterogeneity are the notions which characterise the session, and the judgments of the spectators still depend on them. So, what was and what is the voice of the audience? And with what sort of voice do spectators give their judgments?

scholarly journals Approximating Ideal Filters by Systems of Fractional Order

2012 ◽  
Vol 2012 ◽  
pp. 1-6 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ming Li
Keyword(s):  
Fractional Calculus ◽  
Fractional Order ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Present Approach ◽  
The Other ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
Ecg Signals ◽  
Other Hand ◽  
The One ◽  
Electrocardiogram Ecg

The contributions in this paper are in two folds. On the one hand, we propose a general approach for approximating ideal filters based on fractional calculus from the point of view of systems of fractional order. On the other hand, we suggest that the Paley and Wiener criterion might not be a necessary condition for designing physically realizable ideal filters. As an application of the present approach, we show a case in designing ideal filters for suppressing 50-Hz interference in electrocardiogram (ECG) signals.

scholarly journals Uncertain causation: two hunters dilemma

2020 ◽  
pp. 49-61
Author(s):  
Богдан Петрович Карнаух
Keyword(s):  
Burden Of Proof ◽  
General Rule ◽  
Tort Law ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Vicious Circle ◽  
Common Denominator ◽  
The Supreme Court ◽  
The Common ◽  
Causal Nexus

According to the general principles of tort law, in order to succeed a plaintiff must prove causal nexus between the damage he or she sustained and the actions of a particular defendant. However, in some factual situations this task appears to be impossible, and the question arises whether the plaintiff should be left uncompensated or rather the general rule on proof of causation has to be relaxed. In a groundbreaking case Summers v. Tice (the facts of which are also known as ‘two hunters dilemma’), the Supreme Court of California favored the latter option. The Court shifted the burden of proof and decided that under these exceptional circumstances it is for each of the defendants to absolve himself from liability by providing evidence that he could not had caused the damage. The conclusion of the Court does not cause any doubts. However scholars dispute over the exact explanation of that conclusion, because it is the explanation that is crucial for future similar cases.The circumstances of the Summers case are thoroughly analyzed by many writers. Some suggest that even the number of defendants matters (supposing thus, that if there were three of them the court would not have reached the same conclusion). On the other hand, the character of their activity is underlined. The proponents of this point of view focus on the fact that the members of hunting party can coordinate their actions and it is this opportunity of coordination that justifies the burden shifting. The common denominator for numerous authors is spotlighting the fact that both hunters are at fault for causing the uncertainty, even though one of them might not be at fault for causing damage. However, in some other situation the uncertainty could have been caused without their fault. The author doubts if in the latter case the defendants should escape liability.The author offers the following explanation of the two hunters dilemma. Whenever it has been proven that defendants acted negligently subjecting the plaintiff to a certain type of risk and it has been proven that one of them did actually caused plaintiff’s damage, neither of the defendants can absolve himself from liability merely relying on the fact that the damage may have been caused by the other defendant. Otherwise the vicious circle will arise.

scholarly journals About Nusantara Architecture: a Matter of Either-or or Both-and toward Place for Better Living in the Humid Tropic

2016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph Prijotomo
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Climate System ◽  
The Other ◽  
The West ◽  
Four Seasons ◽  
Tropical Areas ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Times ◽  
Natural Climate ◽  
Modern Era

<p>‘Space’ and ‘Better living’ are continuing issues and discourse in architecture. It covers as large as philosophical to practical ones. We may find, for instance, issues in space as one of construction of mind in one extreme, and space as one of volume in certain magnitude at its other extreme. In terms of better living we may also find similar extremes. We may also find that since the times of modern era, space is practically considered as volume of certain magnitude, as is exemplified in a number of standards of areas needed for particular activity;<br />while in terms of better living the focus is in comfort that should be provided in particular room. Unfortunately, we –the Indonesians-- hardly aware and realize that they are not only of western sources, but more importantly, of western mindset. Since they are beautifully and neatly concealed under one objectivity of mind and reason, science, most of us know and accept them as the objective and correct standards. The fact that the West (ie. Europe and North America) are region with four seasons climate system has unavoidably underlies the building of those standards and knowledge. Indonesia and other tropical areas of the world is not region in such a four seasons climate system; it is in a two seasons climate system. This two climate seasons is not simply a variant of climate system; it is of ‘the other’ climate system, as will be demonstrated in this paper. Hence, we may consider this paper as talking about space for better living’ from the point of view of climate system.</p><p>The clock remains ticking, While the ideals of having architecture that serves better living is always at hand, we are confronted with the question whose living: the wealthy few or every single people, the elite or the common and the elite people. To the four season climate system, living with artificial climate is not incorrect; even the attitude of taking aside the climate is understandable. To the two season climate system, living with natural climate is also not incorrect; and the attitude of optimizing the natural climate is understandable. These two climate system is fundamentally different, and it must be a fatal mistake and fundamental incorrectness to deal with one as a variant of the other. The fact that our knowledge in two season climate system is very poor, that does not mean that this system be discarded.</p><p>The call for architecture for better living is demanding a definite respond: a denial (and ultimately, elimination) of two season climate system, or an equal, yet distinct, both two and four season climate system. The former is quite easy while the latter requires hard work. The former will make architecture in Indonesia serves the wealthy few, while the latter will serves the whole people of Indonesia.</p>

scholarly journals TEORI THE SPREAD OF ISNAD (Telaah Atas Pemikiran Michael Allan Cook)

2017 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
pp. 223
Author(s):  
Imam Sahal Ramdhani
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Link Theory ◽  
Engineering Work ◽  
The Common

erchange-newline"> It is closely related to “Common Link” phenomenon whom plenty of West Scholar on Hadith dealing their researches on it. By looking at thisphenomenon, this paper is trying to review Cook’s idea about common linkand the process of theory the spread of isna>d ‘s aplication in conceivingthe common link phenomenon. Based on this research, we understand thatCook brought a different point of view to the Common Link phenomenonwhich is poured forth on his critics to the Schachtian’s theory. For Cook,there are two essential points related to Common Link. First, Common Linkcan’t be justifid as a hadith counterfeiter. It is because Common Link tosome exctent is an engineering-work from the other narrator (periwayat).Second, Common Link can’t be a basic of hadith’s dating. Then, Cook’spoint of view pulled down Commen Link theory.

scholarly journals ROZLICZENIE KOSZTÓW PODRÓŻY W RAMACH SPÓŁKI A ZAGADNIENIE IMPENSA IN SOCIETATEM I PROPTER SOCIETATEM W ROZUMOWANIU LABEONA I JULIANA

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 19
Author(s):  
Zuzanna Służewska
Keyword(s):  
Medical Treatment ◽  
Economic Activity ◽  
Common Property ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Main Question ◽  
Total Community ◽  
The Common ◽  
Limited Scope ◽  
Business Trip

The participation of Partners in Travel Expenses and Losses. impensa in societatem and propter societatem According to Labeo and JulianSummaryThe problem discussed in this paper regards the participation of partners in travel expenses and losses suffered during a business trip. In the title pro socio of the Digest there are three texts that refer to this question: D. 17,2,52,4 and D. 17,2,52,15 and D. 17,2,60,1. The first one refers to sagaria negotiatio conducted in a form of a partnership and analyses the case of a partner who during a business trip was attacked by robbers who stole his property and injured his slaves. According to Julian (cited by Ulpian) all those losses (even all what was paid to a doctor for the treatment of the slaves) should be shared by all partners. The second text also refers to the expenses incurred by one of the partners during a business trip that should be shared with the other partner. The third one concerns the problem of sharing the expenses incurred for the medical treatment by one of the partners that had been wounded while trying to prevent the slaves, who were their common property, intended for sale from escaping. According to Labeo, in this case the part of the money spent on a doctor could not be claimed from the other partner as it was not spent in societatem but propter societatem.The main question discussed in relation to the above mentioned texts concerns the disagreement between Julian and Labeo in the matter of sharing the expenses incurred for the medical treatment in a partnership. This question has been widely discussed and analysed from various points of view among the Romanists (Gandolfi, Santucci, Meissel) who tried to explain the concept of impensa in and propter societatem and thus found some reasonable justification for the negative decision made by Labeo.In my opinion the case discussed by Labeo should be analised in relation to other texts focused on the problem of determining the limits of a common activity or a common patrimony in a partnership other than a societas omnium bonorum, as for example the texts of D. 17,2,58 pr.-1 or D. 17,2,52,4. Those texts clearly show the problems discussed by Roman jurists at the moment of the evolution from the traditional form of partnership societas omnium bonorum (based on the total community of all partners’ patrimonies) into a more limited form of partnership treated as an instrument of conducting an economic activity. Particularly in D. 17,2,58 pr., Celsus made a clear distinction between a partnership established for the purpose of “having” goods in common and “selling” goods in common which corresponds to the distinction between „società di mero godimento” based on the schema of societas omnium bonorum (and thus total community of all profits and losses) and „società questuarie” aimed to gain profits from some kind of an economic activity in which only the profits and losses resulted from conducting the common business were to be shared among partners). Consequently in a partnership established for the purpose of “having” goods in common all the losses that regarded the common patrimony were to be shared while in a commercial partnership losses not resulting from a partnership’s activity (even regarding the common patrimony) were not shared.From the analysis of those texts we could also deduce that in case of a partnership with a limited scope in order to determine whether some losses suffered by one of the partners should be shared it was crucial whether they would not have been suffered if the partnership had not existed. We could suppose that Labeo in D. 17,2,60,1 analysing the case of a wounded partner, used a similar scheme of thinking. In the case discussed by this jurist the slaves were the property of the partners but the aim of the partnership was to sell them and not to posses them. That is why even if the partnership had not existed their owner would have tried to impede their escape and as a consequence would have had to pay a the doctor’s fees. Thus one could not say that the loss suffered by the injured partner would not have been suffered if the contract of partnership had not been concluded and for this reason Labeo did not permit to claim its reimbursement from the other partner.The hypotheses that the problem discussed by Labeo should be interpreted from the point of view of the distinction between a universal type of a partnership and a partnership with a limited scope is also confirmed by the final part of the text of D. 17,2,60. Labeo, for making the distinction between the costs defined as spent in societatem and propter societatem clearer, mentioned other kinds of profits and losses that were to be shared only in a partnership omnium bonorum aimed to possess and administer goods in common, but were not shared in a partnership with a limited scope established for a purpose of buying and selling goods.

scholarly journals The parameters of co-creation: a performing look at “The Six Romances for the Words by A. S. Pushkin” by G. Sviridov

2018 ◽  
Vol 50 (50) ◽  
pp. 76-88
Author(s):  
Bo Sun
Keyword(s):  
Point Of View ◽  
Necessary Condition ◽  
National Image ◽  
Interpretive Analysis ◽  
Internal Parameters ◽  
The World ◽  
Electronic Access ◽  
Main Thing ◽  
The Voice

Formulation of the problem. The development of the concept of “co-creation” is proposed as the necessary condition for the interaction of subjects in the system: the composer – the poet – the performer-singer. The spiritual duality of the poet and the composer becomes a meeting place with its performer. The triple reflection I=I=I is captured in the structure of the artwork. Its result is the content of the category “the author’s concept”; this is an important parameter of the artist’s “entry” into the composer’s text, which is relevant for the analysis of a vocal composition. The theme of the poet’s influences on the composer (spiritual duality), who addressed Pushkin from a different “historical distance”, is at the “epicentre” of the development of the problems of the performing interpretation. The current most important task is to tie together the musicological tradition and the performing look at it. Analysis of recent publications on the topic. From the point of view of the spiritual analysis of the vocal style of G. Sviridov, A. Tevosyan heard a lot and recorded a lot in his work “The Book about Sviridov”. It is necessary to use the epistolary part of “Sviridov-logy”: the memoirs of the singers about the composer directly indicate the phenomenon of “community” as the evidence of their spiritual kinship. The knowledge of this actualizes the work by G. Sviridov in the context of the modern performing practice (including that of the foreign-language singers studying in Ukraine). The article involves such research methods as structural-functional (parameters of the composer’s text), semantic (the poetic symbolism of Pushkin’s texts), and interpretative (performing features). The purpose of the article is to reveal the content of the concept of “co-creation” as a system of objectively existing and interrelated parameters that are amenable to modelling and interpretive analysis. The early vocal cycle of G. Sviridov “The Six Romances for the Words by A. Pushkin” (1935), which received the absolute recognition and fame, was chosen as the material for the analysis. Presentation of the main text. The parameters of co-creation as the necessary condition for the interaction of subjects in the system of “the composer – the poet – the performer-singer” are divided into the internal and external ones. The phenomenon of the authorship, the poetic word, the vocal letter, the premiere performance, the aura of vocal intonation, and integrity are the internal parameters of the vocal style. The socio-cultural (external) parameters ensure the quality of communicative processes in the changed conditions of communication among the subjects of vocal creativity: the time of history, “here and now”, and the time of performance. The composer’s creative process began with melody and singing: he perceived the world through the prism of melody. Sviridov composed using the instrument, sang, trying one, then the other. Even his instrumental compositions are imbued with melodic current (for example, “The Little Triptych”). The main thing for the composer is the voice, which means the vocal. The phenomenon of Sviridov was best revealed by his interpreter, the pianist and researcher M. Arkadiev: “’Not me, but because of me’, – this is the inner experience of creative consciousness.” The word for Sviridov’s creative credo is the key. The composer formulated it the following way: “The artist is called to serve, as far as he can, to the disclosure of the Truth of the World. In the synthesis of Music and the Word this truth can be concluded.” G. Sviridov subtly and with understanding approached the interpretation of the poetic images created by A. Pushkin, his versification. The melody of romances emphasizes the expressiveness of the text, corresponds to its concise and clear form. Each romance is a complete piece of music. Through all the romances one cross-cutting theme passes – the theme of the poet’s loneliness, embodied in a series of reflections of the lyrical hero and the pictures of the nature. The performing musicians who perform the entire cycle are faced with the problem of the integrity of drama, which is adequate to the author’s concept. “The Six Romances for the Words by A. Pushkin” by G. Sviridov is a very repertoire composition: many beginning talented singers learn the laws of the classics of the 20th century with these romances. However, it is very difficult to find the reference execution in the electronic access. Of course, the art of the unsurpassed Dmitry Khvorostovsky claims this role. The contrast between his performance of the romance “Approaching Izhora” and the young interpreters of this immortal music is especially striking. Conclusions. The national image of the world in “The Six Romances for the words by A. Pushkin” by G. Sviridov turns out to be the highest stylistic parameter of the author’s concept of the composition. Against the background of globalization processes in the culture of the 21st century, the value of the national dimension of the meaning of music is increasingly recognized. The musical parameters are revealed on the following levels: melodic and articulation, metro rhythm and tempo-rhythm, texture-harmonic hearing and dramaturgy of the whole. In order to build a continuous line of the development of the cycle, it is important to realize its semantic connections, correctly evaluate all the structural, functional and genre-style parameters of the composition

scholarly journals “Bobok” as a Mirror of Surprise

2021 ◽  
Vol V (4) ◽  
pp. 157-174
Author(s):  
Svetlana Neretina
Keyword(s):  
World Literature ◽  
Emotional State ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Life And Death ◽  
Physiological Processes ◽  
The One ◽  
Definition Of ◽  
True Definition ◽  
The Voice

The article considers the phenomenon, on the one hand, of a mirror, in which any thing, subject, person, first of all, is fixed in a reflection that makes it possible to observe oneself for the sake of self — understanding, on the other hand, the boundaries, mainly the boundaries between life and death, which can be crossed for the same purpose with the help of certain mental and physiological processes that affect the psycho — emotional state (in this case, sleep). Both phenomena, which seem similar, are in fact different: in one case, the emphasis is placed on contemplation, in the other — on speculation and hearing, tuned to the voice of another world. It is not by chance that Dostoevsky chose the place of the event: the cemetery as the border between life and death and the cemetery monument as a symbol of memory, where the hero “thought accordingly”. Since the hero of the story is in an inadequate state after the funeral, the theme of menippea, a seriously funny genre, appears as if by itself, especially since M. M. Bakhtin considered the story “Bobok” “one of the greatest menippe in world literature.” The author of the article considers Bakhtin's approach to the story from the standpoint of menippea justified, because he defines this genre not from the point of view of the effect it produces on the reader, but from the standpoint of the philosophy of action, which Bakhtin considered to be the true definition of this genre. The author draws attention to the “logic of turning”, or tropologic, on the basis of which the story is built with its oxymorons, comparisons, and irony. The story, according to the author, is characterized not by ambivalence, but by the convergence of beginnings and ends. The philosophical thought of one of the characters in the story correlates the thoughts of the living and the dead, i.e. those who are in different space-time realities, so that they seem to be embedded in each other. This similarity, which does not deprive the story of carnivalization, which always deals with duality, is internally focused on the idea of like-mindedness having one source, anticipating the question that has not yet been born about the way of modifying being in possibility into being in reality.

Consultative Council of Western Powers

1950 ◽  
Vol 4 (3) ◽  
pp. 510-512
Keyword(s):  
United Kingdom ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
The Other ◽  
Common Interest ◽  
Total Expenditure ◽  
The United Kingdom ◽  
Accurate Indication ◽  
The Subject ◽  
The Common ◽  
Common Effort

Eighth SessionThe eighth session of the Consultative Council of Western Powers was held in Brussels on April 16 and 17, 1950. The main business of the meeting was to discuss how the costs of the joint defense projects could be shared. Up to this time each government had paid the costs of its own contingents at the disposal of the organization and all expenditure incurred within its own territory. From the French point of view this had tended to make the common effort relatively more expensive for France than for the other countries while from the United Kingdom point of view, simply fixing the percentages that each country should, bear of the total expenditure would not necessarily be fair, as an airfield built under the treaty plans could in peace time be an advantage to the country in which it was located. This point of view was, in turn, not particularly favored by the Belgians who felt that Belgium had contributed to the common defense proportionally as much as the other powers. The relative amount in each country's budget devoted to the common pool was not an accurate indication as each budget had been drawn up in an entirely different manner, making comparisons difficult. The only thing which counted was the final result: the number of men trained and equipped as well as the material which each country could put on the line; in this regard the Belgians felt they were certainly not lagging behind. It was finally agreed at the meeting that projects of common interest should be paid for in common. The procedure for such payment was to be the subject of proposals submitted to the governments.

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