scholarly journals Morphological traits of rabbit lung

2020 ◽  
Vol 93 (8) ◽  
pp. 180-188
Author(s):  
L. Horalskyi ◽  
◽  
N. Hlukhova ◽  
I. Sokulskyi ◽  
◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Lymphatic Vessels ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Farm Animals ◽  
Rabbit Lung ◽  
Absolute Mass ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
The Right

In the article, following the results of complex methods (anatomic, histologic, organometric, histometric and statistical) researches are shown the features of morphological structure and morphometric parameters of the lungs of mature rabbits. It was found out, that macro- and microscopic architecture of rabbit lungs has similar histoarchitectonics, inherent in other species of farm animals of the class "mammals" and the characteristic features of morphological structures. Lungs in clinically healthy rabbits structurally reflect the shape of thoracic cavity and gradually expand ventrally. Subsequent to the results of performed organometry, the absolute lung mass of mature rabbits is 18,05±1,32 g, relative 0,624±0,013 %. The Right and left rabbit lungs are surrounded by pleural sacs (right and left): in rabbits pleural spaces of the right and left lungs are not connected. According to morphological and organometric investigations the rabbit lungs are relating to VIII type – the reduction of the superior lobe of left lung is observed, consequently right lung is more developed than left ( the length of right lung is 6,40±0,45 mm, the width – 3,54±0,30 mm, the thickness – 3,28±0,30 mm; the length of left lung is 6,84±0,40 mm; 4,18±0,30 mm and 1,52±0,30 mm relatively) and the coefficient of lung asymmetry (right to left) according to their absolute mass is 1.16. Although, rabbit lungs have dilatated base and superior. Right lung divides into four lobes – cranial (the superior), cardio, diaphragmatic and ancilla, left one divides into three lobes – the reduced superior, cardio and diaphragmatic. Histoarchitecture of lungs is formed by lobes of the lungs, that are separated by connective tissue, which contains blood and lymphatic vessels. Lung parenchyma is created by airways and respiratory divisions that blood vessels accompany to. Respiratory lung parenchyma is formed by respiratory bronchioles, alveolar ducts and alveolar saccules, in which walls the alveolus are located and shape the alveolar tree. According to the analysis of histometry results, respiratory (breathing) lobe of lungs of experimental rabbits is 52,3± 0,62 %, connective tissue base – 69,6±1,27 %, and the average volume of alveolus (small, middle and big) is equal to 42,3±4,35 thousand mkm3.

PULMONARY EMPHYSEMA AND OTHER CARDIORESPIRATORY LESIONS AS PART OF THE MARFAN ABIOTROPHY

PEDIATRICS ◽  
1964 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 356-366
Author(s):  
Robert P. Bolande ◽  
Arthur S. Tucker
Keyword(s):  
Connective Tissue ◽  
Left Atrium ◽  
Pulmonary Emphysema ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Left Main ◽  
Main Stem Bronchus ◽  
Giant Left Atrium ◽  
Left Main Stem Bronchus ◽  
The Right ◽  
Chronic Pulmonary Emphysema

Seven cases of Marfan's syndrome are reviewed clinically, radiologically, and pathologically. Six of the seven cases showed evidence of pulmonary dysaeration: (a) Two of the cases showed compression of the left main-stem bronchus by a giant left atrium with atelectasis of the left lung and compensatory emphysema of the right lung. (b) Two of the cases showed evidence of diffuse chronic pulmonary emphysema. Three cases had bilateral apical bullae. (c) One of the cases developed pneumothorax. The lungs of the children with the Marfan syndrome show precocious maturation of the elastic stroma of the alveolar septae. The pathogenesis of emphysema is discussed in relationship to the Marfan abiotrophy of connective tissue.

Primary Fetal Lung Hypoplasia (PFLH): Imaging and Clinical Characteristics

2017 ◽  
Vol 38 (03) ◽  
pp. 301-309
Author(s):  
Reuven Achiron ◽  
Yinon Gilboa ◽  
Yishay Salem ◽  
Yizhak Jacobson ◽  
Lisa Raviv-Zilka ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Clinical Characteristics ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Fetal Lung ◽  
Lung Hypoplasia ◽  
Tertiary Center ◽  
Unilateral Involvement ◽  
Characteristic Features ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Imaging Mri ◽  
The Right ◽  
Tomographic Angiography

Abstract Purpose To describe in utero and postnatal imaging and clinical characteristics of primary fetal lung hypoplasia (PFLH). Methods A retrospective review of fetuses and neonates diagnosed in one academic tertiary center during an eleven-year period. Results 12 cases of PFLH were identified. 4 were bilateral and 8 had unilateral involvement. Prenatal sonographic characteristics, postnatal magnetic resonance imaging (MRI), computerized tomographic angiography (CTA), and histologic findings are described. 3 of the 4 bilateral cases were evaluated during fetal live. 2 were terminated and 2 died shortly after delivery. Among the 8 cases with unilateral PFLH, 7 involved the right lung and 1 the left lung. In fetuses with right hypoplasia, 5 showed characteristic features of Scimitar syndrome, while associated gastrointestinal tract (GIT) anomalies were presented in 2 cases. In this group 3 were born alive and the other 5 were terminated. Conclusion Primary PFLH is a rare anomaly that lethal in its bilateral form and with variable prognosis in its unilateral variant. Targeted evaluation of lung vascularity and exclusion of associated anomalies, especially of the GIT, are important prognostic factors.

scholarly journals Pilot Study of Inhaled Aerosols Targeted via Magnetic Alignment of High Aspect Ratio Particles in Rabbits

2011 ◽  
Vol 2011 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gillian E. S. Redman ◽  
Andrew R. Martin ◽  
Paul Waszak ◽  
Richard B. Thompson ◽  
Po-Yin Cheung ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Aspect Ratio ◽  
High Aspect Ratio ◽  
Targeted Delivery ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Magnetic Resonance Images ◽  
Therapeutic Drug ◽  
Rabbit Lung ◽  
Pharmaceutical Aerosols ◽  
Drug Concentrations ◽  
The Right

Recently, inhaled pharmaceutical aerosols have seen increased investigation in the treatment of lung cancer, where the inability to deliver adequate therapeutic drug concentrations to tumour sites may be overcome with improved targeted delivery to the site of the tumour. In this study, the feasibility of magnetically targeted delivery of high aspect ratio particles loaded with iron oxide nanoparticles was studied in 19 New Zealand White rabbits. Half of the exposed rabbits had a magnetic field placed externally over their right lung. Iron sensitive magnetic resonance images of the lungs were acquired to determine the iron concentrations in the right and left lung of each animal. The right/left ratio increased in the middle and basal regions of the lung where, due to the morphology of the rabbit lung, this method of targeting is most effective. With further optimization, this technique could be an effective method for increasing the dose of drug delivered to a specific site within the lung.

Right lung agenesis in a one-year-old Chihuahua

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. e001175
Author(s):  
Carlos Martinez ◽  
Conor Rowan
Keyword(s):  
Left Lung ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Respiratory Pattern ◽  
Chest Drain ◽  
Mediastinal Shift ◽  
Lung Agenesis ◽  
Cardiac Silhouette ◽  
Digital Manipulation ◽  
One Year ◽  
The Right

A one-year-old neutered male Chihuahua was referred for further investigations of spontaneous pneumothorax. Before referral, thoracocentesis and chest drain placement was performed. On presentation, the dog was dull and dyspnoeic displaying a restrictive respiratory pattern. Thoracic radiography and CT findings performed at the referral centre were consistent with right lung agenesis and pneumothorax. Retrospective review of the radiographs obtained at the referring practice identified right-sided mediastinal shift, separation of the cardiac silhouette from the sternum and overinflated left lung lobes. Neither free intrathoracic gas nor subcutaneous emphysema was identified. The initial images were suboptimally displayed resulting in artefactual ‘blackening’ of the lung parenchyma, necessitating digital manipulation to identify lung markings. The combination of mediastinal shift and separation of the cardiac silhouette from the sternum as a result of the right lung agenesis could potentially lead to a false impression of pneumothorax.

scholarly journals Experience of tracheo-bronchoplastic surgery for lung cancer

2021 ◽  
Vol 20 (4) ◽  
pp. 46-52
Author(s):  
D. N. Pilkevich ◽  
S. A. Dovbnya ◽  
P. M. Kholnyy ◽  
A. S. Tsvirenko
Keyword(s):  
Lung Cancer ◽  
Main Bronchus ◽  
Superior Vena ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Vena Cava ◽  
Morphological Structure ◽  
Pathological Process ◽  
Vagus Nerves ◽  
The Right ◽  
Functional Operability

Introduction. Currently, surgical treatment of lung cancer is impossible without the use of tracheobronchoplastic operations, which in advanced specialized clinics take up to 5-10% of all radical operations. Material and methods. We conducted a retrospective study including 21 patients with centrally located lung cancer who underwent 22 tracheobronchoplastic radical operations between 2000 and 2021. The operated patients included 18 men and 3 women aged 42 to 67 years (mean age 54.5 ± 12.5 years). The morphological structure of the tumors was represented by carcinoid (2) and squamous cell carcinoma (19). The pathological process was located in the right lung in 16 patients and in the left lung — in five patients. Comorbid status was present in 20 patients. Standard lateral thoracotomy was used in 18 cases, and video-assisted minithoracotomy — in three cases. Extended lymphodissection up to D2 was performed in all surgeries. Combined surgeries included resection of adjacent organs: pericardium (2), unpaired vein (2), superior vena cava (1), diaphragmatic and vagus nerves (1), pleura (1). Results. The average duration of operations was 242.3 minutes (125-345 minutes), the average blood loss was 283.2 ml (50–1000 ml). Complications developed in 5 (22.7%) patients. Mortality was observed in 2 (9.1%) cases. Conclusion. The use of tracheobronchoplastic operations significantly expands the possibilities of thoracic surgery in treatment of lung cancer both due to technical resectability of the tumor at the transition to the main bronchus and trachea and due to functional operability at low respiratory functions and impossibility to perform pneumonectomy.

Lung Parenchyma Segmentation Based on Contourlet Transform and Harris Corner Detection

2013 ◽  
Vol 333-335 ◽  
pp. 998-1001
Author(s):  
Li Nan Fan ◽  
He Huang ◽  
Dan Tian
Keyword(s):  
Left Lung ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Detection Algorithm ◽  
Corner Detection ◽  
Contourlet Transform ◽  
Average Accuracy ◽  
Harris Corner ◽  
The Common ◽  
The Right ◽  
Harris Corner Detection

This paper presents a new automatic lung segmentation method. Harris corner detection algorithm is used to solve the problem of separating the left lung from the right one, and contourlet transform and mathematical morphology hybrid algorithm are used to solve the problem that the nodules at lung edge is easy to be missed. Through the simulation results of multiple lung CT images, compared with the common algorithms, the results show that the average sensitivity and average accuracy become much better.

scholarly journals Pericardial flap to repair a pulmonary laceration in a cat with pyothorax

2018 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 205511691881738
Author(s):  
Pablo Pérez López ◽  
Stefania Martinoli
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Therapy ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Acute Onset ◽  
Tube Placement ◽  
Lung Lobe ◽  
Fluid Analysis ◽  
Lung Lobectomy ◽  
Pulmonary Laceration ◽  
The Right

Case summary A 2-year-old female neutered domestic shorthair cat was presented for investigation of acute onset tachypnoea and dyspnoea. Pyothorax was diagnosed based on thoracic radiographs and fluid analysis. Medical treatment consisted of bilateral thoracostomy tube placement, antibiotic therapy and thoracic lavage. After 12 days of medical management infection was still present, warranting exploratory thoracotomy. At surgery, encapsulated abscesses were found in the left lung, right cranial and right middle lobes. The right caudal lobe was the only macroscopically non-abscessated lobe, and appeared to have a parenchymal laceration 8 mm long over the dorsolateral surface. Following partial pericardiectomy, mediastinectomy and debridement of abscesses, a pericardial flap was reflected caudolaterally and apposed over the laceration to seal the affected lung lobe. This flap was sutured to a rim of fibrinous adhesion that was partially covering this lobe. After 8 days the cat was discharged with antibiotic therapy for 3 more weeks. Follow-up assessment at 19 and 38 weeks postoperatively confirmed the cat to have good exercise tolerance. Thoracic radiographs at 19 weeks revealed good bilateral aeration of the pulmonary parenchyma without pleural effusion. Relevance and novel information Lung lobe laceration can be treated by lung lobectomy or direct suturing of the lung parenchyma. This is the first report using a pericardial flap to repair a lung laceration. Pericardial flap was successfully used to treat this lung laceration where lobectomy was contraindicated. Encouraging results were present at 8 months postoperatively.

scholarly journals Differential Diagnosis of New-Onset Pulmonary Ground Glass Changes During the COVID-19 Pandemic: a Case Report

2021 ◽  
Vol 101 (6) ◽  
pp. 358-368
Author(s):  
N. L. Karpina ◽  
I. V. Sivokozov ◽  
I. Yu. Shabalina ◽  
L. A. Semenova ◽  
R. B. Asanov ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Computed Tomography ◽  
Clinical Case ◽  
Hypersensitivity Pneumonitis ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Ground Glass Opacity ◽  
Lung Parenchyma ◽  
Diagnostic Error ◽  
Ground Glass ◽  
Biopsy Material ◽  
The Right

The paper describes a clinical case of hypersensitivity pneumonitis in a young patient during the COVID-19 pandemic when the patient having complaints of dyspnea and interstitial lung changes as ground glass opacity was initially unambiguously diagnosed with viral COVID-related bilateral pneumonia. The chief computed tomography manifestations in the lung were infiltrative inflammatory changes as numerous areas of predominantly interstitial infiltration by the type of ground glass, with consolidation areas and reticular changes, varying in extent, peripheral localization, mainly in the lower lobes and with the 25–50% involvement of the right and left lung parenchyma. The diagnosis of hypersensitivity pneumonitis was confirmed by cytological and histological examinations of the biopsy material obtained during bronchoscopy using a set of biopsies and endobronchial cryobiopsy.This clinical case demonstrates that the chest computed tomography detection of pulmonary ground glasstype changes is a reason for further patient examinations and requires morphological verification of the diagnosis, since the cost of a diagnostic error is the life of a patient.

CASE REPORT: SURGICAL MANAGEMENT OF LUMBAR COMPRESSION FRACTURE

2019 ◽  
Vol 1 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Yustinus Robby Budiman Gondowardojo ◽  
Tjokorda Gde Bagus Mahadewa
Keyword(s):  
Spinal Cord ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Lumbar Vertebrae ◽  
Compression Fracture ◽  
High Mobility ◽  
Early Mobilization ◽  
Cord Injury ◽  
Cardiothoracic Surgeon ◽  
The Right

The lumbar vertebrae are the most common site for fracture incident because of its high mobility. The spinal cord injury usually happened as a result of a direct traumatic blow to the spine causing fractured and compressed spinal cord. A 38-year-old man presented with lumbar spine’s compression fracture at L2 level. In this patient, decompression laminectomy, stabilization, and fusion were done by posterior approach. The operation was successful, according to the X-Ray and patient’s early mobilization. Pneumothorax of the right lung and pleural effusion of the left lung occurred in this patient, so consultation was made to a cardiothoracic surgeon. Chest tube and WSD insertion were performed to treat the comorbidities. Although the patient had multiple trauma that threat a patient’s life, the management was done quickly, so the problems could be solved thus saving the patient’s life. After two months follow up, the patient could already walk and do daily activities independently.

RARE CASE OF NODULAR LYMPHOID HYPERPLASIA OF LEFT LUNG IN THE PATIENT WITH PREVIOUS PULMONARY TUBERCULOSIS

2018 ◽  
Vol 40 (4) ◽  
pp. 332-335
Author(s):  
P V Kuzyk ◽  
M A Savchyna ◽  
S G Gychka
Keyword(s):  
Pulmonary Tuberculosis ◽  
Lymphoproliferative Disorder ◽  
Clinical Laboratory ◽  
Left Lung ◽  
Lymphoid Hyperplasia ◽  
Morphological Examination ◽  
Nodular Lymphoid Hyperplasia ◽  
Lymph Nodes Dissection ◽  
The Right ◽  
Immunohistochemical Studies

Aim: To describe the case of rare benign lymphoproliferative disorder — pulmonary nodular lymphoid hyperplasia in the patient with previous pulmonary tuberculosis. Materials and Methods: In the case of pulmonary nodular lymphoid hyperplasia clinical, laboratory, instrumental and morphological examination was performed. Results: 44-year-old woman in 7 years after successfully treated infiltrative drug-susceptible tuberculosis of the right lung, was hospitalized with a suspected tumor of the left lung root. The patient underwent left-sided pneumonectomy with lymph nodes dissection. The results of histopathological and immunohistochemical studies evidenced on nodular lymphoid hyperplasia of the left lung. Conclusion: Pulmonary nodular lymphoid hyperplasia is a rare lymphoproliferative disorder of the lung with favorable prognosis. For the purpose of differential diagnosis, it is necessary to apply immunohistochemistry.

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