scholarly journals The Ability of Gymnastics Motoric Perceptual Based on Local Culture for Early Childhood in Aceh Province

2020 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 749-762
Author(s):  
Muhammad Riski Kurniawan ◽  
Syamsulrizal Syamsulrizal ◽  
Razali Razali ◽  
Israwati Israwati
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
The Body ◽  
Local Culture ◽  
Homogeneity Test ◽  
Tennis Ball ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Aceh Province ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
Perceptual Ability ◽  
The Impact

Local culture-based gymnastics is a combination of Seudati dance with Saman dances movements as well as cheerful healthy exercises that are already in kindergarten. The purpose of this study was to determine the impact of the implementation of local culture-based exercise on the motorized perceptual ability of early childhood in Banda Aceh Kindergarten. This study uses a quantitative approach to the type of experimental research. Population and a sample of 30 students were selected by purposive sampling. Data collection techniques of motoric perceptual ability using tests: (1) Standing on the beam while touching the limbs as instructed by the teacher with eyes open, (2 ) Standing on the beam while touching the body as instructed by the teacher with eyes closed, (3) Jumping and landing in a line with two feet pressed together as instructed by the teacher with eyes open, (4) Jumping and landing in a line with two feet pressed together as instructed by the teacher with eyes closed , (5) Walking in balance, (6) Throwing a tennis ball into a basket with a distance of 2 meters. Before the data is analyzed, the research data is tested for the analysis requirements, namely the normality and homogeneity test. Then the data is analyzed using the t-test. Based on the results of data analysis obtained t count (18.455)> t table (2.045), thus it can be concluded that there is a significant influence between local culture-based exercise on the motoric perceptual ability of early childhood in Aceh kindergarten.      

scholarly journals Impact of Global Mean Normalization on Regional Glucose Metabolism in the Human Brain

2018 ◽  
Vol 2018 ◽  
pp. 1-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Kristian N. Mortensen ◽  
Albert Gjedde ◽  
Garth J. Thompson ◽  
Peter Herman ◽  
Maxime J. Parent ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Metabolism ◽  
Human Brain ◽  
Disease Biomarkers ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Positron Emission ◽  
Congenitally Blind ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
Health And Disease ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Global Mean

Because the human brain consumes a disproportionate fraction of the resting body’s energy, positron emission tomography (PET) measurements of absolute glucose metabolism (CMRglc) can serve as disease biomarkers. Global mean normalization (GMN) of PET data reveals disease-based differences from healthy individuals as fractional changes across regions relative to a global mean. To assess the impact of GMN applied to metabolic data, we compared CMRglc with and without GMN in healthy awake volunteers with eyes closed (i.e., control) against specific physiological/clinical states, including healthy/awake with eyes open, healthy/awake but congenitally blind, healthy/sedated with anesthetics, and patients with disorders of consciousness. Without GMN, global CMRglc alterations compared to control were detected in all conditions except in congenitally blind where regional CMRglc variations were detected in the visual cortex. However, GMN introduced regional and bidirectional CMRglc changes at smaller fractions of the quantitative delocalized changes. While global information was lost with GMN, the quantitative approach (i.e., a validated method for quantitative baseline metabolic activity without GMN) not only preserved global CMRglc alterations induced by opening eyes, sedation, and varying consciousness but also detected regional CMRglc variations in the congenitally blind. These results caution the use of GMN upon PET-measured CMRglc data in health and disease.

Stiffness Control of Balance in Quiet Standing

1998 ◽  
Vol 80 (3) ◽  
pp. 1211-1221 ◽  
Author(s):  
David A. Winter ◽  
Aftab E. Patla ◽  
Francois Prince ◽  
Milad Ishac ◽  
Krystyna Gielo-Perczak
Keyword(s):  
The Body ◽  
Quiet Standing ◽  
Error Signal ◽  
Reactive Control ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Stiffness Model ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
Stiffness Control ◽  
Corrective Response

Winter, David A., Aftab E. Patla, Francois Prince, Milad Ishac, and Krystyna Gielo-Perczak. Stiffness control of balance in quiet standing. J. Neurophysiol. 80: 1211–1221, 1998. Our goal was to provide some insights into how the CNS controls and maintains an upright standing posture, which is an integral part of activities of daily living. Although researchers have used simple performance measures of maintenance of this posture quite effectively in clinical decision making, the mechanisms and control principles involved have not been clear. We propose a relatively simple control scheme for regulation of upright posture that provides almost instantaneous corrective response and reduces the operating demands on the CNS. The analytic model is derived and experimentally validated. A stiffness model was developed for quiet standing. The model assumes that muscles act as springs to cause the center-of-pressure (COP) to move in phase with the center-of-mass (COM) as the body sways about some desired position. In the sagittal plane this stiffness control exists at the ankle plantarflexors, in the frontal plane by the hip abductors/adductors. On the basis of observations that the COP-COM error signal continuously oscillates, it is evident that the inverted pendulum model is severely underdamped, approaching the undamped condition. The spectrum of this error signal is seen to match that of a tuned mass, spring, damper system, and a curve fit of this “tuned circuit” yields ωn the undamped natural frequency of the system. The effective stiffness of the system, K e , is then estimated from K e = Iω2 n, and the damping B is estimated from B = BW × I, where BW is the bandwidth of the tuned response (in rad/s), and I is the moment of inertia of the body about the ankle joint. Ten adult subjects were assessed while standing quietly at three stance widths: 50% hip-to-hip distance, 100 and 150%. Subjects stood for 2 min in each position with eyes open; the 100% stance width was repeated with eyes closed. In all trials and in both planes, the COP oscillated virtually in phase (within 6 ms) with COM, which was predicted by a simple 0th order spring model. Sway amplitude decreased as stance width increased, and K e increased with stance width. A stiffness model would predict sway to vary as K −0.5 e . The experimental results were close to this prediction: sway was proportional to K −0.55 e . Reactive control of balance was not evident for several reasons. The visual system does not appear to contribute because no significant difference between eyes open and eyes closed results was found at 100% stance width. Vestibular (otolith) and joint proprioceptive reactive control were discounted because the necessary head accelerations, joint displacements, and velocities were well below reported thresholds. Besides, any reactive control would predict that COP would considerably lag (150–250 ms) behind the COM. Because the average COP was only 4 ms delayed behind the COM, reactive control was not evident; this small delay was accounted for by the damping in the tuned mechanical system.

scholarly journals The impact of modern jazz dance on the electrical brain activity

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johanna Wind ◽  
Wolfgang Schöllhorn
Keyword(s):  
Brain Activity ◽  
Brain Activation ◽  
Brain Areas ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Gamma Frequency ◽  
Electrical Brain Activity ◽  
Modern Jazz ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
The Impact

AbstractDance as one of the earliest cultural assets of mankind is practised in different cultures, mostly for wellbeing or for treating psycho-physiological disorders like Parkinson, depression, autism. However, the underlying neurophysiological mechanisms are still unclear and only few studies address the effects of particular dance styles. For a first impression, we were interested in the effects of modern jazz dance (MJD) on the brain activation that would contribute to the understanding of these mechanisms. 11 female subjects rehearsed a MJD choreography for three weeks (1h per week) and passed electroencephalographic (EEG) measurements in a crossover-design thereafter. The objectives were to establish the differences between dancing physically and participating just mentally with or without music. Therefore, each subject realized the four following test conditions: dancing physically to and without music, dancing mentally to and without music. Each of the conditions were performed for 15 minutes. Before and after each condition, the EEG activities were recorded under resting conditions (2 min. eyes-open, 2 min. eyes-closed) followed by a subsequent wash-out phase of 10 minutes.The results of the study revealed no time effects for the mental dancing conditions, either to or without music. An increased electrical brain activation was followed by the physical dancing conditions with and without music for the theta, alpha-1, alpha-2, beta and gamma frequency band across the entire scalp. Especially the higher frequencies (alpha-2, beta, gamma) showed increased brain activation across all brain areas. Higher brain activities for the physical dancing conditions were identified in comparison to the mental dancing condition. No statistically significant differences could be found as to dancing to or without music. Our findings demonstrate evidence for the immediate influence of modern jazz dance and its sweeping effects on all brain areas for all measured frequency bands, when dancing physically. In comparison, dancing just mentally does not result in similar effects.

scholarly journals Impact of Single Bout of Physical Exercise on Adolescents’ Strength and Balance Abilities

2018 ◽  
Vol 1 (96) ◽  
Author(s):  
Lina Kreivėnaitė ◽  
Vytautas Streckis ◽  
Sandra Raizgytė ◽  
Asta Lileikienė
Keyword(s):  
Physical Exercise ◽  
High Intensity ◽  
Postural Sway ◽  
High Intensity Exercise ◽  
Body Balance ◽  
Low Intensity ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Single Bout ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
The Impact

Background. There is evidence of physical exercise effect on the adolescents’ balance and strength; however it is not known how aforementioned variables respond to physical exercise with different loads and intensities. Therefore, the aim of the study was to assess the impact of single bout of physical exercise of different intensity on adolescents’ body balance and muscular strength.Methods. Thirty healthy, physically active 11–13-year-old adolescents were randomly allocated to one of the two groups. Both groups performed single bout of physical exercise of high- or low-intensity climbing up and down-stairs. Postural sway and maximum voluntary contractions (MVC) were assessed before and after physical exercise. Results. No statistically significant impact of low or high intensity exercise was found at adolescents’ MVC. High intensity exercise influenced bigger postural sway with eyes closed compared to eyes open ( p < .05). After high-intensity exercise there was a significantly greater postural sway with eyes closed than with eyes open (p < .05). Conclusions. High and low intensity physical exercise had no impact on the adolescents’ maximum voluntary contraction, whereas high intensity exercise deteriorated body balance with eyes closed.Keywords:  adolescence, physical exercise, MVC, balance

A Postural Model of Balance-Correcting Movement Strategies

1992 ◽  
Vol 2 (4) ◽  
pp. 323-347
Author(s):  
J.H.J. Allum ◽  
F. Honegger
Keyword(s):  
Normal Subjects ◽  
Opposite Polarity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Joint Torque ◽  
Support Surface ◽  
Joint Torques ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Movement Strategies ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
Balance Corrections

The patterns of joint torques and movement strategies underlying human balance corrections were examined using a postural model. Two types of support-surface perturbation, dorsiflexion rotation (ROT) and rearward translation (TRANS), were employed. These two perturbations were adjusted to produce similar profiles of ankle dorsiflexion in order to obtain information on the role of lower leg proprioceptive inputs on triggering balance corrections. In addition, the dependence of balance control on head angular and linear accelerations was investigated by comparing the responses of normal and vestibularly deficient subjects under eyes-closed and eyes-open conditions. Differences in ROT and TRANS movement strategies were examined in three ways First, the amplitude and polarity of active joint torques were analysed. These were obtained by altering joint torques applied to a postural model until movements of the model accurately duplicated those of measured responses. Second, the pattern of body-segment angular movements depicted by stick figures moving in response to the computed joint torques was investigated. Third, the peak amplitude and patterns of crosscorrelations between joint torques were measured. Active ankle, knee, and hip joint torques computed for normal subjects rotated the body forward for ROT. In the case of TRANS, computed active torques in normal were of opposite polarity to those of ROT and reversed the forward motion of the body. Subjects with vestibular deficits had lower amplitude torques for ROT and failed to counter the platform rotation. Hip torques for TRANS in vestibular deficient subjects were of opposite polarity to those of normal subjects and resulted in excessive forward trunk rotation. Normally, neck torques acted to stabilize the head in space when trunk angular velocity peaked. Vestibular deficient subjects displayed head movements in response to ROT similar to those generated when neck torques were absent. For TRANS, these same subjects exhibited overcompensatory neck torques. Stick figures of normal responses indicated a stiffening of the body into a leg and a trunk-head link for ROT and a flexible multilink motion for TRANS. Likewise, normal response strategies, defined by using crosscorrelations of joint torques, differed for ROT and TRANS. All joint torque crosscorrelations were significant for TRANS. Neck torques led those of all other joint torques by 40 ms or more, and hip joint led ankle torques by 30 ms. Joint torque correlations for ROT were organised around hip and ankle torques without a major correlation to neck torques. Fundamental changes in all torque crosscorrelations occurred for vestibularly deficient subjects under both eyes-open and eyes-closed conditions. These results support the hypothesis that the modulation of postural responses by vestibular signals occurs at all major joint links of the upright human body and that the strategy underlying balance corrections at the hip and neck is selected independent of local sensory input from the lower leg. Rearward translation and dorsiflexion rotation of a support-surface elicit different movement strategies when ankle angle, changes are matched for such disturbances to human upright balance.

scholarly journals The competition with a concurrent cognitive task affects posturographic measures in patients with Parkinson disease

2015 ◽  
Vol 73 (11) ◽  
pp. 906-912 ◽  
Author(s):  
Alessandra Ferreira Barbosa ◽  
Carolina de Oliveira Souza ◽  
Janini Chen ◽  
Débora Valente Francato ◽  
Fátima Aparecida Caromano ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Parkinson Disease ◽  
Dual Task ◽  
Cognitive Task ◽  
Berg Balance Scale ◽  
Functional Balance ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Static Posturography ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
The Impact ◽  
General Balance

ABSTRACTObjectives To estimate the impact of a sensory-motor- cognitive task on postural balance, in Parkinson disease patients (Hoehn and Yahr 2-3) and to investigate possible relationships between posturography and functional balance clinical scales.Method Parkinson disease patients (n = 40) and healthy controls (n = 27) were evaluated with fluency tests, Berg Balance scale, Mini Best test and static posturography on the conditions eyes open, eyes closed and dual-task (simultaneous balance and fluency tasks).Results Posturographic data showed that Parkinson disease patients performed worse than controls in all evaluations. In general, balance on dual-task was significantly poorer than balance with eyes closed. Posturographic data were weakly correlated to clinical balance scales.Conclusion In clinical practice, Parkinson disease patients are commonly assessed with eyes closed, to sensitize balance. Our study showed that adding a cognitive task is even more effective. Static posturographic data should be carefully overgeneralized to infer functional balance impairments.

scholarly journals Prevalence of floating toe and its relationship with static postural stability in children: The Yamanashi adjunct study of the Japan Environment and Children’s Study (JECS-Y)

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Taro Fujimaki ◽  
Masanori Wako ◽  
Kensuke Koyama ◽  
Naoto Furuya ◽  
Ryoji Shinohara ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Postural Stability ◽  
Center Of Pressure ◽  
The Body ◽  
Ground Contact ◽  
Foot Pressure ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Stability Measurement ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
Very High

AbstractFloating toe (FT) is a frequently seen condition in which a toe is inadequately in contact with the ground. Although toes play an important role in stabilizing standing posture and walking, many aspects of the effects of FT on the body remain unclear. To our knowledge, there have been no reports about the relationship between FT and postural stability, especially in children. This study aimed to clarify the prevalence of FT and its relationship with static postural stability in children. Of the 400 children aged 8 years who participated in our cohort study, 396, who were examined for static postural stability, were included in this study. Postural stability and FT were assessed using a foot pressure plate. The sway path length of the center of pressure and the area of the ellipse defined as the size of the area marked by the center of pressure were measured as an evaluation of static postural stability. We calculated the “floating toe score (FT score: small FT score indicates insufficient ground contact of the toes)” using the image of the plantar footprint obtained at the postural stability measurement. The FT rate was very high at more than 90%, and the FT score in the eyes-closed condition was significantly higher than that in the eyes-open condition in both sexes. The FT score significantly correlated with the center of pressure path and area. Our results suggest that ground contact of the toes is not directly related to static postural stability in children, but it may function to stabilize the body when the condition becomes unstable, such as when the eyes are closed.

scholarly journals The impact of obesity and age on the risk of falls in elderly women

2021 ◽  
Vol 23 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrycja Bobowik ◽  
Ida Wiszomirska
Keyword(s):  
Elderly Women ◽  
Age Groups ◽  
Fat Tissue ◽  
Body Balance ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Risk Of Falls ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Design Factors ◽  
Falls In Elderly

Purpose: The aim of this study was to examine the effect of obesity and age on body balance disorders in women over 60, especially whether obesity increases the FR in older females and whether age and obesity affect the same stabilographic parameters when it comes to the FR. Methods: The study consisted of 56 inactive females aged 71.77 ± 7.43 (SD). They were divided into groups according to age and obesity. Results: Obesity separately affects FRI12-6, static indicators with eyes closed (OSI EC, APSI EC, MLSI EC), and age affects FRI12-6 and static indices with eyes open (OSI EO, APSI EO). After considering design factors (age and obesity), there were statistically significant differences in OSI EO (p = 0.027), APSI EO (p = 0.034), FRI12-6 (p = 0.0002) between obese and non-obese participants in the age groups. There were no statistical differences between non-obese old and obese-young participants (p = 0.863). The interaction between obesity and age in the FR in static indices and in FRI12-6 (p = 0.73047) was not significant. Conclusions: Age and obesity affect the stabilographic parameters individually, but there is no interaction effect between them. The presence of only one of the above risk factors may increase the FR. Obesity affects stability, while age depends on other factors. If older people are not obese or fit, involutional changes could be reversed. The type of obesity and the location of the fat tissue should be taken into account in FR assessment.

scholarly journals Differences in the effect of sleep deprivation on the postural stability among men and women

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marta Ołpińska-Lischka ◽  
Karolina Kujawa ◽  
Janusz Maciaszek
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Sleep Deprivation ◽  
Postural Stability ◽  
The Body ◽  
Poor Sleep ◽  
Postural Control System ◽  
Physically Active ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Eyes Open ◽  
The Impact

Abstract Objective: Sleepiness caused by poor sleep hygiene may increase the risk of injuries and damages during physical activity. Individual data so far indicate a generally better static postural stability of women regardless of sleeping conditions. The main aim of this study was to assess the impact of sleep deprivation on postural stability according to gender after 24 hours of sleep deprivation. Methods: Participants included 83 students (36 men and 47 women). Postural stability was measured with eyes open and closed eyes before and after sleep deprivation. Data from posturographic platform were used to assess postural stability objectively. Results: The type of test determined the size of observed changes in postural stability. The data suggest that women are better able to cope with the effects of sleep deprivation than men. Conclusion: Postural control system is very important in sport and in physically active people. The results show that men are more sensitive to sleep deprivation than women because they had higher COP path length values in tests. Less postural stability of the body due to sleep deprivation indicates a higher risk of injury during physical activity.

The Effect of Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment on Proprioception in Adults: A Pilot Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 30 (4) ◽  
pp. 11-19
Author(s):  
Krista Hoevemeyer ◽  
Kai Yuan Teng ◽  
Thomas Mehner ◽  
Ryan McMunn ◽  
Jose Figueroa ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Treatment Group ◽  
Repeated Measures ◽  
Fixed Effects ◽  
Path Length ◽  
Average Velocity ◽  
The Body ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment ◽  
Eyes Closed ◽  
Eyes Open

Abstract Introduction: This study aims to investigate if proprioception is the mechanism through which osteopathic manipulative treatment (OMT) corrects somatic dysfunctions. OMT focuses on resolving structural asymmetry in the body that may interfere with physiologic function, including proprioception. Multiple theories have been proposed regarding the physiologic mechanisms of OMT and the effect on proprioception, with few studies objectively establishing a connection. Hypothesis: Significant change in measurements of proprioception was expected in the treatment group (OMT) over the 4-week period. Methods: For the study, 35 adults recruited from the Des Moines University community were randomized equally into treatment and control groups. For 3 weeks, the treatment group received weekly osteopathic structural exams (OSE) and OMT, while the control group underwent the same OSE but without treatment. Proprioception was assessed using force plate measurements collected during two-leg and single-leg tests prior to the first intervention, immediately after the first intervention, and 1 week after last intervention. Measurements included anterior-posterior sway, medial-lateral sway, average velocity, area, path length and time, which were analyzed with a linear model of mixed effects for repeated measures to account for the fixed effects (time and treatments), interaction effects and the random subject effects. Results: Over the 4-week period, significant differences were found for 4 measurements: two-leg eyes-open-path-length (p=0.0342), two-leg eyes-open-average-velocity (p=0.0334), single-right-leg eyes-open-average-velocity (p=0.0145), and single-right-leg eyes-closed-medial-lateral-sway (p=0.0488). Conclusion: Certain measurements of proprioception changed in an adult population over a 4-week course with 3 weekly OMT treatments. These results indicate OMT may be altering proprioception through the correction of somatic dysfunctions. Our results suggest a need for further research investigating the effects of OMT on proprioception in symptomatic populations and larger sample sizes.

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