Variation of Asphalt Requirement and Strength Properties among Hot Mix (HMA) and Warm Mix (WMA) Asphalt Concrete

2020 ◽  
Vol 27 (2) ◽  
pp. 24-33
Author(s):  
Zainalabidine Nihad ◽  
Saad Issa Sarsam
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Warm Mix Asphalt ◽  
Indirect Tensile ◽  
Asphalt Content ◽  
Pavement Construction ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Marshall Stability ◽  
Emulsified Asphalt

Due to the restrictions for protecting the environment, and the requirements to reduce fuel consumption, research work was started globally for verifying the possibility of implementation of warm mix asphalt (WMA) in pavement construction. Warm mix asphalt enables the production and compaction of asphalt concrete mixtures at temperatures (20-30 °C) lower than that of traditional hot mix asphalt (HMA). In this investigation, two WMA mixtures have been prepared in the laboratory using medium curing cutback (MC-30) and Cationic emulsion. HMA mixture was also prepared for comparison. Marshall specimens of (101.6 mm) in diameter and (63.5 mm) in height were constructed form the mixtures and subjected to indirect tensile strength (ITS) test, Marshall Stability, flow and volumetric properties determination. Test results were analyzed and compared. It was concluded that the stability of WMA is higher than HMA by 17 % and 47.87 % for (cutback and emulsified asphalt) WMA respectively, while the WMA exhibit lower flow than HMA by 34.67 % and 1.33 % when using (cutback and emulsion) WMA respectively. The optimum asphalt content was (20.69 and 32.35) % higher for (cutback and emulsion) WMA than that of HMA. The (ITS) at 25 ⁰C decreases by (28.58 and 4.51) % when the asphalt content increased and decreased by 0.5 % from optimum asphalt content (OAC) for WMA- emulsion asphalt.

scholarly journals Moisture Damage of Warm Mix Asphalt Concrete

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (6) ◽  
pp. 101-116
Author(s):  
Zain alabidine Nihad Abdul Mahdi ◽  
Saad I. Sarsam
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Moisture Damage ◽  
Warm Mix Asphalt ◽  
Strength Test ◽  
Compressive Strength Test ◽  
Indirect Tensile ◽  
Asphalt Content ◽  
Emulsified Asphalt ◽  
Peak Value

Implementation of Warm Mix Asphalt concrete (WMA) is getting global acceptance due to the restrictions for protecting the environment and the requirements to reduce fuel consumption. In this investigation, two WMA mixtures have been prepared in the laboratory using medium curing cutback (MC-30) and Cationic emulsion asphalt. Hot Mix Asphalt (HMA) was also prepared for comparison. The cylinder specimens (63.5mm) in height and (101.6mm) in diameter were constructed from the mixtures and subjected to indirect tensile strength test to determine the Tensile Strength Ratio (TSR). The cylinder specimens of (101.6mm) in height and (101.6mm) in diameter were also constructed from those mixtures and subjected to static compressive strength test to determine the Index of Retained Strength (IRS). It was concluded that the WMA are more prone to moisture damage than HMA, the TSR are (92 and 86) % for (emulsion and cutback) WMA respectively, both are lower than of HMA by (2.13 and 8.51) % respectively. As the asphalt content increases, the TSR also increases and reached to peak value of Optimum Asphalt Content (OAC) then decreases. The WMA has less IRS than HMA, the IRS are 70% and 78% for the WMA-emulsified asphalt and HMA respectively.  

scholarly journals Influence of Water Immersion on Stability of AC-WC Mixed with Gondorukem Additional Material

2021 ◽  
Vol 921 (1) ◽  
pp. 012067
Author(s):  
D R G Kabo ◽  
M Tumpu ◽  
H Parung
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Immersion Time ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Additional Material ◽  
Influence Of Water ◽  
Asphalt Content ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Marshall Stability ◽  
Time Decrease

Abstract One of the treatments that can be given to asphalt mixtures to determine the durability of the mixture is by water immersion. This study aims to analyze the stability value of Marshall mixture of AC-WC (Asphalt Concrete Wearing Course) by using modified Asbuton as a binder and gondorukem as added material due to water immersion. The method used in this research is experimental in the laboratory. AC-WC mixture is produced using modified Asbuton as a binder (Retona Blend 55) at optimum asphalt content of 6.25% and gondorukem as an additive at 0.0% and 2.5% content. The treatment given to the mixture is by soaking water for 0, 1, 3 and 7 days. The treatment given to the mixture is by soaking water for 0, 1, 3 and 7 days. The results showed that the Marshall stability value decreased with increasing water immersion time. Decrease in Marshall stability values that occur in specimens with immersion time of 1, 3 and 7 days for specimens without immersion are 21.34%, 25.56% and 28.25%, respectively.

scholarly journals Impact of Compaction Mode on Strength Properties of Sustainable Asphalt Concrete

2021 ◽  
Vol 4 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Saad Issa Sarsam
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Shear Strength ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Testing Temperature ◽  
Strength Properties ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
Gyratory Compaction ◽  
Indirect Tensile ◽  
Asphalt Content ◽  
Made In

Various modes of compacting the asphalt concrete mixture can createmechanically different behaviour of the prepared specimens and can alterits sustainability. An attempt has been made in the present assessment toprepare asphalt concrete specimens by implementation of three modesof compaction, the gyratory, the roller, and the Marshall hammer. Thespecimens were prepared at the target bulk density of Marshall methodat optimum asphalt content. Extra specimens were prepared at 0.5 %asphalt below and above the optimum. Core specimens have been obtainedfrom the roller compacted slab samples. The specimens were tested forthe Marshall stiffness, tensile, and shear strength. It was observed that atoptimum asphalt content, the indirect tensile strength declines by (18.8and 70.5) % for gyratory and roller compacted specimens respectively ascompared with hammer compacted specimens. At optimum asphalt content,the shear strength declines by (70.5 and 82.2) % while Marshall stiffnessdeclines by (10.2 and 44.8) % for hammer and roller compacted specimensas compared with that of gyratory compacted specimen. Specimensprepared by gyratory compaction are less susceptible to the change inthe testing temperature as compared with other modes of compaction. Itis recommended to consider the mode of compaction to suit the requireddesign property of sustainable asphalt concrete mixture.

scholarly journals Effects of Using Limestone as a Filler and Starbit E-55 Asphalt as a Binder on the Performance of AC-WC Mixture

2019 ◽  
Vol 258 ◽  
pp. 04005
Author(s):  
Faizul Chasanah ◽  
Fajariesta Arta Putra
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Indirect Tensile Strength ◽  
Permeability Test ◽  
Second Stage ◽  
Performance Requirements ◽  
Indirect Tensile ◽  
Asphalt Content ◽  
Properties Of Materials ◽  
Last Stage

Asphalt concrete can be made through several methods including hot mix using Starbit E-55 asphalt as a binder and limestone as filler. This research aimed to determine the feasibility of the use of limestone as filler in AC-WC mixture and to identify the effects of limestone addition on the Marshall Characteristics, Durability, Indirect Tensile Strength (ITS), and Permeability. The first stage was to test the properties of materials consisting of aggregate, asphalt, and limestone. The second stage was to determine the optimum asphalt content with 0%, 25%, 50%, 75%, and 100% filler proportions, and the last stage was to conduct the Marshall, Immersion, ITS, and Permeability tests. The results showed that limestone has been in accordance with the performance requirements specified for a filler of AC-WC mixture using Starbit E-55 asphalt as a binder. There was a change in the Marshall characteristics of optimum asphalt content. The durability increased, and the ITS values of AC-WC mixture improved along with the increase in limestone proportion. However, the permeability test indicated that the mixture has a poor drainage feature towards water after variation in filler proportions was performed.

scholarly journals Selecting warm mix asphalt additives by the properties of warm mix asphalt mixtures - China experience

2015 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 79-88 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xinsheng Li ◽  
Zhaoxing Xie ◽  
Wenzhong Fan ◽  
Lili Wang ◽  
Junan Shen
Keyword(s):  
Tensile Strength ◽  
Dynamic Stability ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Warm Mix Asphalt ◽  
Asphalt Mixtures ◽  
Air Voids ◽  
Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Stone Mastic Asphalt ◽  
Crushed Aggregate ◽  
Marshall Stability

The objective of this research was to select the most effective warm asphalt additives for mix practice based on a series of laboratory testing programs such as density, Marshall stability, freeze-thaw splitting strength, dynamic stability, and bending beam strain. The experimental design of warm mix asphalt included the use of three commonlyused additives, two typical aggregate gradations, one crushed aggregate, and one modified asphalt. Results showed that: (1) the bulk specific gravity and air voids of all the mix specimens were similar to those of controls; (2) the Marshall stability and flow values of the warm stone mastic asphalt were 6.8%–26.6% and 3.5%–10.3%% higher than those of controls, respectively, and those of the warm asphalt concrete were 6.1%–15.6% and 6.5%–9.7% higher than those of controls, respectively; (3) the indirect tensile strength of two types of mixtures was 1.7%–14.4% lower than that of controls, and the average tensile strength ratio of the warm stone mastic asphalt and asphalt concrete was 4.3% and 1.3% higher than that of controls, respectively; (4) the dynamic stability of warm mix specimens was 10.8%–16.6% lower than that of the controls; (5) the average bending failure strain of warm stone mastic asphalt was 7.6% higher than that of the controls, and that of warm asphalt concrete was 12.8% lower than that of the controls; (6) Overall, warm asphalt mixtures with Sasobit and Rediset had relatively best performances required in Southeast China, where rutting and stripping are the main failures of asphalt pavements.

scholarly journals STUDI PENCAMPURAN SERAT ECENG GONDOK SISTEM HOT ROLLED SHEET BC SPESIFIKASI SEKSI-6 : 2010 BINA MARGA

Jurnal CIVILA ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 146
Author(s):  
Heru Prasetyo ◽  
Samsul Arif
Keyword(s):  
Water Hyacinth ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Cellulose Fiber ◽  
Rolled Sheet ◽  
Asphalt Content ◽  
Trial And Error Method ◽  
Pavement Construction ◽  
Marshall Stability ◽  
Hot Rolled ◽  
Error Method

HRS-BC (Hot Roller Sheet) is a type of flexible pavement construction because it uses asphalt as a binder between the aggregates. This study uses water hyacinth as a substitute for cellulose fiber in the mixture of HRS-BC. The purpose of this study is to determine the effect of water hyacinth cellulose fiber in HRS mixture to the Marshall characteristics. This research uses trial and error method, resulting 7.19 % asphalt content to the total aggregate weight with the variation of cellulose fibers are 3%, 4%, 5%, 6% and 7%. Marshall Test is performed to determine the effect of adding the cellulose fiber in the mixture to the components of Marshall Properties, for example Marshall Stability, % of Void Filed With Asphalt (VFWA), % of Void in The Mix (VIM), Plastic Fatigue (Flow), and Marshall Quotient (MQ).The result of this study is Marshall evaluation where the greatest score is obtained for stability of 1601 kg, flow of 4.60 mm, Quotient Marshall of 375.44 kg/mm, VMA of 20.45%, VFWA of 86.79 %, and VIM score of 4.19 %. It shows that the best cellulose fiber content is 3 % of asphalt level of 7,19 % and has been in accordance with Bina Marga 2010 Division 6 specification and can be used in asphalt mixture of HRS-BC.

scholarly journals Investigating the Effect of Olive Husk Ash on the Properties of Asphalt Concrete Mixture

2021 ◽  
Vol 45 (1) ◽  
pp. 11-15
Author(s):  
Arabi N.S. Al Qadi ◽  
Taisir S. Khedaywi ◽  
Madhar A. Haddad ◽  
Owies A. Al-Rababa'ah
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Construction Material ◽  
Asphalt Binder ◽  
Asphalt Mixture ◽  
Concrete Mixture ◽  
Mineral Aggregate ◽  
Limestone Aggregate ◽  
Olive Husk ◽  
Pavement Construction ◽  
Marshall Stability

Technology in transportation used available resources to make it safe, fast, suitable, easy, economic, and environmental to transport people and goods. Olive Husk became an environmental problem as waste materials especially in the Middle East where huge quantities are found. The objective of this research is to investigate the effect of addition of Olive Husk Ash (OHA) on the properties of asphalt concrete mixtures. Marshall Test was used to perform the asphalt concrete mixture by the addition of OHA to the binder of asphalt; different percentages of OHA (0, 5, 10, 15, and 20%) by volume were added to the binder. Five percent of asphalt cements (5, 5.5, 6, 6.5 and 7%) by weight and limestone aggregate were used for preparing asphalt mixture specimens to find the optimum content of asphalt that could be used in the binder. Tests on flow, stability, air void percentage and void in mineral aggregate, retained stability, stiffness, and retained stiffness were made. The principle results on OHA as filler in Asphalt binder improves the Marshall Stability, and void in mineral aggregate and decrease in flow, retained stability, stiffness, and retained stiffness with a 10%-15% of olive husk ash replacement of asphalt binder. The contribution that OHA could be used as a pavement construction material in field.

scholarly journals Improving The Performance of Asphalt Concrete Mixtures With Polymer Asphalt in Submerged Floods

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (02) ◽  
pp. 62-69
Author(s):  
Yanuar Setiawan ◽  
Erlina Yanuarini ◽  
Nunung Martina ◽  
Muhammad Fathur Rouf Hasan ◽  
Rinawati Rinawati
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Water Immersion ◽  
The Road ◽  
Concrete Mixtures ◽  
Asphalt Content ◽  
The Difference ◽  
The Stability

The road conditions which is always submerged can reduce the performance of the asphalt pavement. This research was conducted to obtain the characteristics of polymer asphalt concrete against flooding. Marshall testing was carried out on conventional and polymer asphalt concrete with optimum asphalt content treated with water immersion in variations of 0 days, 0.5 days, 1 day, 2 days, and 4 days. The results show polymer asphalt can improve the durability of asphalt concrete which is submerged in floodwater. This is indicated by the difference in the stability value of 113% in the variation of immersion for 4 days.

scholarly journals The influence of reclaimed asphalt pavement in warm mix asphalt on asphalt concrete binder course with Retona Blend 55

2019 ◽  
Vol 278 ◽  
pp. 01012
Author(s):  
Raudhah ◽  
R. Jachrizal Sumabrata ◽  
Sigit Pranowo Hadiwardoyo
Keyword(s):  
Significant Influence ◽  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Warm Mix Asphalt ◽  
Public Works ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt Pavement ◽  
Test Results ◽  
Reclaimed Asphalt ◽  
Marshall Test ◽  
Asphalt Content

Reclaimed asphalt pavement (RAP) comprises removed pavement materials containing high-quality aggregates and asphalt which can be recycled as materials for new pavement construction. It is removed continually for reconstruction, resurfacing, and maintenance purposes, and if not recycled will become waste. This paper determines the influence of using different RAP percentages and asphalt content in warm mix asphalt on the Marshall test results for asphalt concrete binder course (AC-BC) using Retona Blend 55. The percentages of RAP are determined by analyzing the gradation of the existing aggregates in RAP and adding virgin aggregates so that it meets the standard gradation for AC-BC specified by the Ministry of Public Works and Housing. The RAP percentages in the asphalt mixes in this study are 35%, 45%, and 51.55% of total aggregates, while the asphalt contents are 5%, 6%, and 7% of the total mix. To determine the influence of RAP percentage and asphalt content, and to discover if there is any influence from the interaction between these two factors, the analysis is performed using a factorial design. The results of this study show that variation in RAP percentages in the mix has no significant influence on stability, flow, and Marshall quotient, but there is significant influence on void in mineral aggregates (VMA), void in mix (VIM), and void filled with asphalt (VFA). Correlations of 97.5%, 80%, and 95.1%, respectively show that increase in RAP percentage increases VMA and VIM and decreases VFA. The interaction between RAP percentage and asphalt content has no significant influence on Marshall test results.

scholarly journals Performance Evaluation of Modified Bitumen Using EPS Beads for Green and Sustainable Development of Polymer-Based Asphalt Mixtures

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 69 (1) ◽  
pp. 36
Author(s):  
Muhammad Kashif Anwar ◽  
Syyed Adnan Raheel Shah ◽  
Muhammad Ahmed Qurashi ◽  
Muhammad Hasnain Saeed ◽  
Aqsa Nisar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Asphalt Concrete ◽  
Expanded Polystyrene ◽  
Infrastructure Development ◽  
Modified Bitumen ◽  
Modified Asphalt ◽  
Different Types ◽  
Economic Infrastructure ◽  
The Stability ◽  
Marshall Stability ◽  
Polymer Modified Bitumen

The increasing costs of virgin content, decreasing resources, and growing plastic waste have shifted the research momentum towards green and sustainable road pavements. Hence, in recent years, various researchers have worked on the utilization of different types of plastic wastes in asphalt concrete by replacing it with binder content. Under this premise, this study examines the effect of expanded polystyrene beads (EPS) as a replacement to the binder at seven different dosages ranging from 5% to 50%. The bitumen of 60/70 grade was utilized in this study. The fresh properties of polymer-modified bitumen were checked and compared to that of conventional specimens. The mechanical properties of all specimens were investigated in terms of Marshall Stability properties. The results indicated that the adding of PEB improves the stability of modified asphalt concrete. Furthermore, the addition of EPS by substituting bitumen content could be a promising way to reduce the environmental impact of bitumen, and will also help in economic infrastructure development.

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