scholarly journals Clinical Profile of Ischemic Stroke in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: Experience in a Tertiary Care Hospital

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 88-91 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sufia Jannat ◽  
Nirmalendu Bikash Bhowmik ◽  
Dilruba Alam
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Ischemic Stroke ◽  
High Blood Pressure ◽  
Clinical Profile ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Background: Stroke is the third highest cause of morbidity and mortality in the world. Diabetes mellitus increases risk of ischemic stroke. Stroke in diabetic patients is different from stroke in non-diabetics in several perspectives. This cross-sectional study was carried out to observe clinical profile of ischemic stroke in Type 2 diabetic patients.Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was done in the Department of Neurology, BIRDEM General Hospital from April to September, 2010. Non-probability purposive sampling was used.Results: A total number of 50 subjects were included, all were hospitalized ischemic stroke with type- 2 diabetic patient. Maximum number (36.0%) of the patients was in between 61 to 70 years age group with mean age 59.9 ±13.9 years. There was male predominance and male-female ratio was1.5: 1. Majority of the patient (50%) noticed features of stroke at morning (6 am-12.00 noon).Regarding risk factor profile, 35(70%) had uncontrolled DM, 35(70%) used to lead sedentary lifestyle, 30(60%) had history of tobacco use, 20(40%) had Obesity and 42(84%) were hypertensive. A Few cases 5 (10%) were alcoholic. Most (90%) of the patients admitted with weakness at either half of body. Some had difficulties in speech (80%), altered consciousness (24%), difficulties in swallowing (4%); rest of the patients had facial weakness (4%) and others (2%). 94.0% patient had regular pulse, 6% had irregular pulse. 80.0% had high blood pressure on admission. Mean systolic and diastolic blood pressure was 153± 5.3 mm of Hg and 97±4.4 mm of Hg respectively. 40.0% patient had abnormal fundoscopy (Diabetic and/or hypertensive retinopathy). Carotid bruit was found in 2% case but one had sign of dyslipidaemia. 76% was conscious and oriented, 24%altered conscious level, 90% had hemiplegia or hemiparesis, 72% had dysarthria, 4% had dysphasia and 16% others.Conclusion: Elderly and male people are more prone to develop ischemic stroke. Hemiparesis or hemiplegia, dysarthria is the major clinical presentation and high blood pressure is an important risk factor for ischemic stroke. Further study can be done to compare the clinical profile between diabetic and non-diabetic populations.Birdem Med J 2015; 5(2): 88-91

scholarly journals A cross-sectional observational study on drug utilisation pattern, prevalence and risk factors for the development of diabetic nephropathy among type 2 diabetic patients in a south indian tertiary care hospital

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
pp. 93-108
Author(s):  
Madhavi Mannam ◽  
Lavanya Nalluri ◽  
Dhanalakshmi Pinnika ◽  
Mounika Pothuraju ◽  
Ravindrababu Pingili ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Risk Factors ◽  
Diabetic Nephropathy ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
South Indian ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Diabetic nephropathy is the leading cause of the end-stage renal disease (ESRD) worldwide, and it is estimated that ~ 20% of type 2 diabetic patients reach ESRD during their lifetime. The objective of the present study was to assess the drug utilization pattern, risk factors, and prevalence of diabetic nephropathy in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus in a south Indian tertiary care hospital. A cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 613 subjects (254 with and 359 without diabetic nephropathy). Prevalence of diabetic nephropathy was measured, and risk factors for the development of diabetic nephropathy were determined by calculating odds ratios using graph-pad prism statistical software, and drug utilization pattern was assessed. Nephropathy was significantly higher in subjects who are married (98.8%, OR, 3.903; 95% CI, 1.125-13.54, P=0.0211),  poorly educated (61%, OR, 0.3670;95%CI, 0.2635-0.5112, P<0.0001), house wives (44.4%, OR, 0.5492; 95% CI, 0.3432 - 0.8789, P=0.0120), rural residents (51.2%, OR, 0.3943; 95% CI, 0.2820-0.5513, P<0.0001) and risk factors were hypertension (37.44%, OR, 4.131; 95% CI, 2.687-6.350, P<0.0001), other diseases (36.51%, OR, 4.963; 95% CI, 3.202 -7.692, P<0.0001), Endocrine diseases (9.53%, OR, 2.460; 95% CI, 1.433- 4.224, P=0.0009), history of CVD (7.90%, OR, 17.20; 95% CI, 7.049- 41.95, P<0.0001), HbA1c (36.1%, OR, 3.380; 95% CI, 2.157- 5.295, P<0.0001), low HDL (23%, OR, 0.5961; 95% CI, 0.3572 - 0.9947 , P=0.0470), high FBS levels (29.3%, OR, 6.111; 95%CI, 1.283 -29.10, P=0.0113), high triglyceride levels (39.8%, OR, 0.6077; 95%CI, 0.3878 -0.9523, P=0.0293), high serum creatinine (28.3%, OR, 154.3; 95% CI, 37.92- 627.7, P<0.0001), duration of T2DM(5-10years 39.8%, OR, 2.653;95% CI, 1.778 - 3.958, & > 10 years 37%, OR, 3.606 ; 95% CI, 2.362-5.504, P<0.0001), physical inactivity(64.9%, OR, 0.5188;95% CI, 0.3727-0.7220 , P<0.0001), soft drinks occasionally (31.9%, OR, 2.253; 95% CI, 1.531-3.315, P<0.0001), habit of taking tea /coffee twice without sugar(42.3%, OR, 1.845; 95% CI, 1.094 to 3.112, P=0.0208) were significant risk factors for development of nephropathy. Metformin (47.05%), a combination of Glimepiride and Metformin (30.71%), a combination of insulin isophane and insulin regular (29.41%), teneligliptin (10.45%), insulin regular (9.80%) were the anti-diabetic medications mostly given to the T2DM patients with nephropathy. The present study revealed that the risk factors for the development of diabetic nephropathy were multiple.

scholarly journals Dietary Diversity as a Risk Factor for Obesity in Algerian Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

Healthcare ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 1229
Author(s):  
Abdenour Bounihi ◽  
Hamza Saidi ◽  
Asma Bouazza ◽  
Hassiba Benbaibeche ◽  
Malha Azzouz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Physical Activity ◽  
Type 2 Diabetes ◽  
Risk Factor ◽  
Dietary Diversity ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Obese Patients ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Although the incidence of “diabesity” (coexistence of type 2 diabetes and obesity) is alarmingly increasing in Algeria, the diet–diabesity link has not been well defined. This study aimed to explore the association between dietary diversity score (DDS) and obesity among Algerian type 2 diabetic patients. It was a cross-sectional observational study involving 390 type 2 diabetic patients. Anthropometric data were gathered, and dietary intake information was obtained through a 24-h dietary recall method, which was used to calculate DDS. Potential confounders such as age, sex, smoking, physical activity and energy intake were controlled for using multivariate logistic regression. A total of 160 patients (41.3%) were classified as obese. As expected, obese patients had a higher body mass index, waist circumference, hip circumference, body fat and fat mass index. Furthermore, obese patients more frequently met carbohydrate recommendations and had a higher intake of meat and protein. Female sex, hypertension, low physical activity and high meat and protein intake were positively associated with diabesity. Additionally, higher DDS was positively associated with diabesity after adjusting for confounders. Thus, a more diversified diet may be a risk factor for obesity among Algerian type 2 diabetic patients.

Microalbuminuria in Type 2 Diabetic Patients: A Cross-Sectional Study of Frequency, Sex Distribution and Relation to Hypertension

1994 ◽  
Vol 31 (2) ◽  
pp. 160-164 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thorkild Friis ◽  
Laurids R Pedersen ◽  
Susanne Arnold-Larsen ◽  
Dorthe B Nielsen
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Sex Distribution ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
C Peptide ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

We studied 112 type 2 diabetic patients. Fourteen patients had frank proteinuria, and 37 of the remaining 98 had microalbuminuria which was more frequent in men than in women ( P<0·02). Hypertension was found in 47 of the patients, equally distributed between sexes. Male diabetics with microalbuminuria had higher systolic blood pressure than diabetics without microalbuminuria ( P<0·02). Body mass index was higher in both sexes with hypertension compared to patients without hypertension. In the hypertensive men plasma C-peptide values were higher compared to patients without hypertension ( P<0·01) irrespective of the presence of microalbuminuria. A positive correlation between blood pressure and C-peptide was found ( P<0·01) in the men. We suggest that gender should be taken into account in the analysis and interpretation of microalbuminuria in type 2 diabetes.

scholarly journals Prevalence and Factors Associated with Microalbuminuria among Type 2 Diabetic Patients : A Hospital Based Study

2018 ◽  
Vol 56 (209) ◽  
pp. 516-521 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bikram Khadka ◽  
Mohan Lal Tiwari ◽  
Binod Timalsina ◽  
Prabodh Risal ◽  
Suprita Gupta ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Pressure ◽  
Serum Creatinine ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Creatinine Ratio ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic Patients ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated ◽  
Urine Creatinine ◽  
Type 2 Diabetic

Introduction: Microalbuminuria is the earliest clinical evidence of diabetic nephropathy. However, prevalence and associated factors with microalbuminuria among type 2 diabetic patients has been understudied area of research in Nepalese context. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and factors associated with microalbuminuria among type 2 diabetic patients. Methods: This study was a hospital-based cross-sectional study. Blood samples for serum creatinine, Hemoglobin A1C, Fasting blood sugar and urine sample for microalbumin and urine creatinine were collected and analyzed using validated and standardized tools from a total of 400 Type 2 diabetic patients in Devdaha Medical College and Teaching Hospital, Rupandehi, Nepal from August 2014 to September 2017. Microalbuminuria was defined as urinary albumin-to-creatinine ratio greater than 30 and less than300 μg /mg of creatinine Results: Of 400 type 2 diabetic patients, 186 (46.5%) had microalbuminuria. The mean values of FBS, HbA1C, serum creatinine, microalbumin, microalbumin/urine creatinine ratio were higher in microalbuminuria group. Microalbuminuria was significantly positively correlated with duration of diabetes, FBS, HbA1C, serum creatinine, microalbumin, microalbumin/ urine creatinine, systolic blood pressure and diastolic blood pressure (P< 0.01). Conclusions: Our study demonstrated that nearly half of the type 2 diabetic patients had microalbuminuria. Our results emphasize to increase to accessibility to microalbuminuria testing for all the type 2 diabetic patients and bring them under medical supervision to reduce the unwanted complications of diabetes mellitus.

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