scholarly journals Status of conservation agriculture based tillage technology for crop production in Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 40 (2) ◽  
pp. 235-248 ◽  
Author(s):  
M Israil Hossain ◽  
MJU Sarker ◽  
M Arshadul Haque
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Minimum Tillage ◽  
Good Shape ◽  
Raised Bed

Conservation agriculture (CA) based tillage technology permits direct seeding through the moderate level of crop residue. CIMMYT introduced this technology in the farmers’ field of Bangladesh for wheat crop in collaboration with Wheat Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI). Farmers accept CA based tillage technologies considering the advantages of higher yields, reduced cost of tillage operation, and minimum turn around time between the crops. Up land crops are more suitable under these tillage technologies. Weed management in rice cultivation is not yet in a good shape. Most of the tillage implements are operated by imported Chinese two wheel tractor (power tiller). There are few four wheel tractor CA implement using in research farm. Local manufacturers are being fabricated these cost effective small minimum tillage seed drill, raised bed planter, zero till drill, and strip till drills efficiently in different districts of Bangladesh. Farmers accept CA technologies in their field, especially raised bed planting and minimum tillage technology. There are about 425 numbers of raised bed planters and 865 minimum tillage seed drill in the country. Area coverage under bed planting and minimum tillage system are 5764 ha and 21850 ha, respectively. There are 20125 numbers of farmers involved in raised bed farming. There is a big prospect accelerating the CA based tillage technology in the farmers’ field as irrigation water availability becoming limited or more costly. Mind set up is the big issue for adopting CA tillage technology. Training and multi disciplinary approaches can push forward these tillage technologies ahead.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 40(2): 235-248 June 2015

scholarly journals Achieving Sustainability in Food Systems: Addressing Changing Climate through Real Time Nitrogen and Weed Management in a Conservation Agriculture-Based Maize–Wheat System

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (9) ◽  
pp. 5010
Author(s):  
Kapila Shekhawat ◽  
Vinod K. Singh ◽  
Sanjay Singh Rathore ◽  
Rishi Raj ◽  
T. K. Das
Keyword(s):  
Real Time ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Indian Agricultural Research Institute ◽  
Interactive Effect ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
N Application ◽  
N Management

The proven significance of conservation agriculture (CA) in enhancing agronomic productivity and resource use efficiency across diverse agro-ecologies is often challenged by weed interference and nitrogen (N) immobilization. The collective effect of real-time N and weed management has been scarcely studied. To evaluate the appropriateness of sensor-based N management in conjunction with a broad-spectrum weed control strategy for the maize–wheat system, an experiment was conducted at ICAR—Indian Agricultural Research Institute—in New Delhi, India, during 2015–2016 and 2016–2017. Weed management in maize through Sesbania brown manure followed by post-emergence application of 2,4-D (BM + 2,4-D) in maize and tank-mix clodinafop-propargyl (60 g ha−1) and carfentrazone (20 g ha−1) (Clodi+carfentra) in wheat resulted in minimum weed infestation in both crops. It also resulted in highest maize (5.92 and 6.08 t ha−1) and wheat grain yields (4.91 and 5.4 t ha−1) during 2015–2016 and 2016–2017, respectively. Half of the N requirement, when applied as basal and the rest as guided by Optical crop sensor, resulted in saving 56 and 59 kg N ha−1 in the maize–wheat system, respectively, over 100% N application as farmers’ fertilizer practice during the two consecutive years. Interactive effect of N and weed management on economic yield of maize and wheat was also significant and maximum yield was obtained with 50% N application as basal + rest as per Optical crop sensor and weed management through BM+2,4-D in maize and Clodi+carfentra in wheat crop. The study concludes that real-time N management, complemented with appropriate weed management, improved growth, enhanced agronomic productivity and endorsed N saving under a CA-based maize–wheat system in Trans Indo-Gangetic Plains.

scholarly journals Impact of Integrated Weed Management on Bulb Yield of Onion

2020 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-89
Author(s):  
MR Islam ◽  
M Moniruzzaman ◽  
AJM Obaidullah ◽  
AHF Fahim
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Cost Ratio ◽  
Benefit Cost Ratio ◽  
Hand Weeding ◽  
Benefit Cost ◽  
Bulb Yield

The experiment was conducted at Regional Spices Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Magura, Bangladesh during 2016-2017 and 2017- 2018 to optimize weed management practice for onion bulb production through Integrated Weed Management (IWM). The experiment was laid out in a Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications. Two different herbicides (Oxadiazon and Pendimethalin) with different doses in combination with hand weeding (HW) were used as treatments. The total number of treatments were 12 viz. [email protected] l/ha, [email protected] l/ha, T3= [email protected] l/ha, T4= [email protected] l/ha + one HW at 45 DAT (Days After Transplanting), T5= [email protected] l/ha + one HW at 45 DAT,T6= [email protected] l/ha + one HW at 45 DAT, [email protected] l/ha, [email protected] l/ha, T9= [email protected] l/ha + HW at 45 DAT, T10= [email protected] l/ha+ HW at 45 DAT, T11= Weed free and T12 = Weedy check (control). The onion var. BARI Piaz-1 was used as the test crop. The highest bulb yield (7.63 tha-1 in 2016 & 9.56 t ha-1in 2017) and benefit cost ratio (2.14 in 2016 and 2.46 in 2017) were obtained from T6= [email protected] l/ha + one hand weeding at 45 DAT while the lowest bulb yield (4.22 t ha-1in 2016 and 6.28 t ha-1in 2017) was obtained from T12 = Weedy check (control), while lowest benefit cost ratio (1.33 in 2016 and 1.74 in 2017) from treatment T11 =Weed free. It was concluded that [email protected] l/ha with one hand weeding at 45 days after transplanting performed better for controlling weed and maximizing bulb yield of onion. Bangladesh Agron. J. 2020, 23(1): 83-89

scholarly journals Pengelolaan Lahan Kering Beriklim Kering untuk Pengembangan Jagung di Nusa Tenggara

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 41
Author(s):  
Anny Mulyani ◽  
Mamat Haris Suwanda
Keyword(s):  
Cover Crops ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Soil Analysis ◽  
Low Cost ◽  
Initial Point ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Crop Productivity ◽  
Lessons Learned ◽  
Annual Rainfall

<p><strong>Abstrak</strong>. Wilayah Nusa Tenggara mempunyai lahan kering beriklim kering seluas 4,9 juta ha dengan curah hujan &lt;2.000 mm/tahun dan bulan kering 5-10 bulan, bersolum tanah dangkal dan berbatu. Sebagian lahan tersebut sudah dimanfaatkan menjadi lahan pertanian terutama jagung, akibatnya produktivitas tanaman jagung rendah dibandingkan potensi genetiknya, yaitu sekitar 2,5 ton/ha di NTT dan 5,3 ton/ha di NTB dibanding dengan potensi genetiknya 9 ton/ha. Sejak tahun 2010-2015, Badan Penelitian dan Pengembangan Pertanian telah mengembangkan inovasi teknologi pengelolaan lahan kering beriklim kering dan berbatu di beberapa kabupaten di NTT dan NTB, meliputi penyediaan sumberdaya air (dam parit, embung, tampung renteng mini, sumur dangkal), pengenalan varietas unggul baru dan budidaya tanaman pangan. Pembelajaran yang diperoleh menunjukkan bahwa penyediaan air menjadi titik ungkit untuk meningkatkan indeks pertanaman dan produktivitas tanaman. Inovasi teknologi yang dibutuhkan petani adalah, mudah diterapkan, biaya murah, dan efisien tenaga kerja mendorong berlanjutnya teknologi tersebut meskipun progam tersebut telah selesai. Pada tahun 2014-2018 telah dilaksanakan kegiatan pertanian konservasi melalui dana hibah barang dan jasa yang dikelola FAO. Prinsip dasar pertanian konservasi terdiri atas 3 pilar, yaitu olah tanah terbatas berupa lubang olah permanen, penutupan permukaan tanah, rotasi/tumpangsari. Lubang tanam tersebut diberi pupuk kandang atau kompos, dan ditanami jagung pada 4 penjuru lubang, dan ditumpangsarikan dengan berbagai kacang-kacangan atau tanaman merambat seperti labu kuning yang berfungsi sebagai penutup tanah dan penghasilan tambahan dari kacang-kacangan berumur pendek. Berdasarkan hasil analisis tanah sebelum dan sesudah implementasi pertanian konservasi menunjukkan bahwa pertanian konservasi dapat meningkatkan kesuburan tanah, retensi air dan meningkatkan produksi tanaman jagung.</p><p> </p><p><strong>Abstract</strong>. The Nusa Tenggara region has upland area with dry climate of 4.9 million ha, less than 2,000 mm annual rainfall, 5-10 dry months, shallow and rocky soils. Some of the land has been used for agricultural development, especially corn, resulting in low corn productivity of around 2.5 tons / ha in NTT and 5.3 tons / ha in NTB as compared to it genetic potential 9 tons /ha. Since 2010-2015, Indonesian Agency of Agricultural Research and Development has developed innovation of soil management technology for upland with dry climates and and rocky soils in several districts in NTT and NTB. The innovation includes the provision of water resources (dam trenches, reservoirs, mini catchments, and shallow wells), introduction of new high yielding varieties and cultivation crops. The lessons learned show that water supply is the initial point to increase cropping index and crop productivity. Technological innovations needed by farmers are easy to implement, low cost, and labor efficient thereby encourage the continuation of the technology even though the program has been completed. In 2014-2018, conservation agriculture activities were carried out through grants of goods and services managed by Food Agriculture Organization (FAO). The basic principle of conservation agriculture consists of 3 pillars, namely limited tillage in the form of permanent planting holes, cover crops, rotation / intercropping. The planting hole is given manure or compost, and planted with corn in 4 corners, and intercropped with various nuts or vines such as pumpkin that serves as a soil cover and additional income from short-lived beans. Based on the results of soil analysis before and after the implementation of conservation agriculture, it shows that conservation agriculture can increase soil fertility, water retention and increase corn crop production.</p>

scholarly journals Performance of Garlic (Allium sativum) Varieties under Zero Tillage Mulch Condition in Southern Coastal Region of Bangladesh

Proceedings ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 36 (1) ◽  
pp. 159
Author(s):  
Rina Rani Saha ◽  
Md. Abul Khayer Mian ◽  
Subarna Kundu ◽  
Khokan Kumer Sarker
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Allium Sativum ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Winter Season ◽  
Coastal Region ◽  
Soil Surface ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Zero Tillage ◽  
Local Cultivar

The experiment was carried out under ACIAR-KGF project at farmers’ field of Tildanga village at Dacope Upazilla under Khulna District during rabi season of 2018–19 after harvest of previous transplanted aman rice to find out the suitable variety of garlic (Allium sativum) for cultivation in southern coastal region of Bangladesh and to observe the effect of straw mulching on the yield of garlic. The experimental area faces slight to moderately drought and saline prone at later part of winter season and beginning of summer. The salinity causes unfavorable environment and hydrological situation restricting the normal crop production. Farmers generally cultivate only single transplanted aman (T.aman) rice in a year at south and south-western coastal saline areas. Garlic is one of the important spices crop in Bangladesh. The treatments of the experiment were five garlic varieties viz., V1 = BARI Roshun-1, V2 = BARI Roshun-2, V3 = BARI Roshun-3, V4 = BARI Roshun-4 which were developed by Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute (BARI) and V5 = Local cultivar. The experiment was laid out in a randomized complete block design with three replications. All five varieties of garlic were sown on 17 December 2018 under zero tillage condition. BARI Roshun-1 gave the highest number of bulb/m2 (57), pseudostem height (37 cm), weight of individual bulb (7.65 g) and bulb yield (5.81 t/ha). BARI Roshun-3 gave the lowest yield (3.87 t/ha). It was also observed that the soil moisture of the farmers’ field were higher during sowing of garlic which was not suitable for ploughing the land. So timely establishment of garlic is possible by following hand dibbling methods under zero tillage condition on the muddy soil surface and also cost effective. Mulching can protect the evaporation loss and reduces the salinity stress which ultimately influence the crop establishment and yield. Earlier farmers of Tildanga at Dacope under Khulna District had no idea about the cultivation of garlic under zero tillage along with straw much. When the experimental results were demonstrated and discussed about the technology to the farmers gathering during Field Day then they were impressed and interested to grow garlic. Fallow land of coastal areas of Bangladesh could be utilized through disseminating this technology and ultimately cropping intensification increased.

scholarly journals Diverse Approaches to Herbicide-Resistant Weed Management

Weed Science ◽  
2016 ◽  
Vol 64 (SP1) ◽  
pp. 570-584 ◽  
Author(s):  
Micheal D. K. Owen
Keyword(s):  
Weed Management ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Production Systems ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Developed Countries ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Herbicide Resistant ◽  
Cost Effective Method ◽  
Evolution Of Resistance ◽  
Complexity Cost

Herbicides have been the principal means of weed control in developed countries for approximately 50 yr because they are the most cost-effective method. Such general use of herbicides has resulted in weed resistance to herbicides, which continues to be a growing problem. Within the past decade, the evolution of resistance to the once-dominant herbicide glyphosate has resulted in major concerns about the future ability to control weeds in many crop systems. Moreover, many weed species have evolved resistance to multiple mechanisms of herbicide action. Given the dearth of new herbicides with novel mechanisms of action, it appears inevitable that weed management programs will need to be supplemented by the use of tactics other than herbicides. However, the inclusion of more diversity for weed management also introduces complexity, cost, and time constraints to current crop production systems. This paper describes broadly the considerations, opportunities, and constraints of diverse weed management tactics to address the burgeoning problems with herbicide resistance.

scholarly journals Effect of Climate Change on the Production and Productivity of Wheat Crop in the Highlands of Ethiopia: A Review

2020 ◽  
Vol 41 (01) ◽  
Author(s):  
Amare Aleminew ◽  
Merkuz Abera
Keyword(s):  
Climate Change ◽  
Elevated Co2 ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Nutrient Use Efficiency ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Crop Failure ◽  
Adaptation Measures ◽  
Mitigation And Adaptation ◽  
The Government

Climate change is a recent challenge on crop production and productivity in the world. The objective of this paper is to review the major effects of climate change on the production and productivity of wheat in the high lands of Ethiopia. Effects of climate change on wheat would be mainly through changes in [CO2], temperature, rainfall, length of growing period, actual growth rate and increased evapo-transpiration, which may lead to reduce yield or complete crop failure. Moreover, flower fertilization and grain set are highly sensitive to heat stress during mid-anthesis. In C3 crops like wheat, the elevated CO2 level is expected to increase productivity as a result of higher CO2 diffusion through stomata leading to a higher photosynthesis rate. But, elevated [CO2] may have negative effects on the grain-quality of wheat in terms of protein, lipids, number of mitochondria and nitrogen contents. Unlike CO2, elevated temperature affects crop production negatively by increasing rate of respiration; hastening plant growth and development; increasing photorespiration of wheat, reducing photosynthetic efficiency due to O2 interrupts the photosynthetic path way instead of CO2, increasing rate of water loss by increasing evapo-transpiration and decreasing nutrient use-efficiency through increased rate of decomposition and mineralization. As a result, wheat area is forecast to be displaced by other crop types. In order to tackle this issue, major mitigation and adaptation measures for example promoting area closures and conservation agriculture-based (CA), agroforestry practices, efficient use of energy sources, etc. should be practiced and given special attention by the communities as well as the government to solve the effects of climate change on wheat production and productivity in the country.

scholarly journals Economic Performance of Crop based Intervention under Farmer FIRST Programme of National Dairy Research Institute (NDRI), Karnal

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 222-225
Author(s):  
Parashuram Kambale ◽  
◽  
Gopal Sankhala ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Economic Performance ◽  
Weed Management ◽  
Nutrient Management ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Integrated Weed Management ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
New Approach ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Benefit Cost

Farmer FIRST programme is a new approach for project development initiated by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR). The present study entitled ‘Impact Assessment of Selected Interventions under farmers FIRST programme of NDRI’ was conducted in the farmer FIRST project area in five villages namely KamalpurRoran, GarhiGujran, NagalaRoran, Churni and Samourafrom Indri and Karnal blocks of Karnal district of Haryana state. This paper is about economic performance of crop-based intervention under this project. Total three crops-based interventions were selected and 42 respondents were selected in proportionate to the intervention. Informal’ experimental design (before and-after without control design) was used. The results shows that respondents were getting benefit-cost ratios of Integrated Pest Management in paddy (2.08), Integrated Weed Management in wheat (1.97) and integrated nutrient management in wheat (2.05), respectively, with increased yields, effective pest management in paddy, better weed management and balanced nutrient management in wheat crop under these interventions. Overall project has made good impact in the study area.

scholarly journals Effect of Lime, Magnesium and Boron on Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and Their Residual Effects on Mungbean (Vigna radiata L.)

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1-2) ◽  
pp. 9-15 ◽  
Author(s):  
Akbar Hossain ◽  
MAZ Sarker ◽  
MA Hakim ◽  
Mst T Islam ◽  
ME Ali
Keyword(s):  
Yield Components ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Residual Effect ◽  
Control Plot ◽  
Residual Effects ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Wheat Crop ◽  
Yield And Yield Components ◽  
Treated Plot

The study was carried out during 2007-2008 season in the research field of Wheat Research Centre, Bangladesh Agricultural Research Institute, Dinajpur to know the effect of lime, Magnesium (Mg) and Boron (B) on yield and yield components of wheat and also their residual effect on mungbean. The geographical position of the area is between 25°62´ N, 88°63´ E and 38.20 meter above sea level. The experiment was laid out in Randomized Complete Block Design with three replications, both in wheat and mungbean. Treatments for wheat were (I) recommended fertilizer + Mg + B, (II) recommended fertilizer + lime + B + Mg, (III) recommended fertilizer + lime + Mg, (IV) recommended fertilizer + lime + B and (V) control (Only recommended fertilizer) and for mungbean were (I) recommended fertilizer + Mg + B, (II) 75% of recommended dose, (III) recommended fertilizer + B, (IV) recommended fertilizer + Mg and (V) control (without fertilizers). Results showed that the highest yield and yield components of wheat were recorded from recommended fertilizers + lime + B + Mg treated plot and the second highest were recorded from recommended fertilizers + lime + Mg treated plot. The lowest was recorded in control plot (only recommended fertilized). In case of mungbean the highest was found from recommended fertilizers + B treated plot, this treatment was limed in previously cultivated wheat crop and the lowest was recorded from control plot (without fertilizer). DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/ijarit.v1i1-2.13923 Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. & Tech. 1 (1&2): 9-15, December, 2011

scholarly journals TIPOLOGI RUMAH TANGGA TANI SEBAGAI TITIK MASUK PERTANIAN KONSERVASI: STUDI KASUS DI SEMI-RINGKAI TANZANIA

1970 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 100-108
Author(s):  
Dina Banjarnahor
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Soil Cover ◽  
Conservation Agriculture ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Water Shortage ◽  
Crop Diversification ◽  
Minimum Tillage ◽  
Similar Issue ◽  
Local Farmers ◽  
Farm Types

Crop production in the semi-arid is limited by water shortage and less fertile soil. Conservation agriculture which is based on the principle of minimum tillage, permanent soil cover, and crop diversification has been introduced to Tanzanian local farmers for combating soil degradation and elevating food production. This study sought to explore the feasible entry point for integrating conservation agriculture into the local farms. This goal was achieved by recognizing the local farming system, identifying farm typology, and analyzing the circumstance and needs of different farm types. This study showed that conservation agriculture actually had potentials to reach different farm types. Nonetheless, the practical activities must satisfy the characteristics of each farm. While some farmers perceived hand-hoeing as the most feasible act others were fond of the use of animal-based minimum tillage equipment. Farmers rearing livestock found it difficult to leave crops residue to cover the soil while others were barely constrained. All farmers encountered one similar issue in practicing conservation agriculture: low biomass production to meet the demand of soil cover. Dealing and working with these circumstance and needs of different farm types are then essential in designing the locally appropriate conservation agriculture practices.

scholarly journals Climate Resilient Water Management Practices for in situ Moisture Conservation

2019 ◽  
pp. 1-5
Author(s):  
Kiran Kumari ◽  
Anjani Kumar ◽  
Sanjay Pandey ◽  
Nityanand .
Keyword(s):  
Adaptive Capacity ◽  
Water Conservation ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Management Practices ◽  
Agricultural Research ◽  
Climatic Variability ◽  
Maximum Yield ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Farming System

Climate change has an impact on Indian agriculture in various direct and indirect ways besides affecting the lives and livelihood of millions of Indians. Efficient management of natural resources is key for enhancing the adaptive capacity of the system and contributes towards the resilience of communities. Successful crop production in frequent drought and flood-affected regions depends on how effectively we conserve the deficit rainfall and manage the excess rainfall and soils to retain the moisture for longer periods for successful arable crop production. The present study was conducted with the objective of evaluation of the performance of different in situ Water conservation measures with respect to the climatic variability prevailed in the village. Demonstrations of appropriate practices and technologies recommended by the National Agricultural Research System (NARS) are being taken up in a farmer participatory mode so that the communities become familiar with these technologies and help in their adoption resulting in enhancing their adaptive capacity and coping ability against climatic change and variability. It was observed that the use of forest leaves and paddy straw was found very profitable to conserve soil moisture in situ with BCR Rs. 7.16 followed by the use of naturally occurred leaves in fruit plants with BCR Rs. 6.22 and use of plastics in vegetables with BCR 4.41. Respondents opined that the use of natural mulch was very cost-effective as well as it is compatible with the existing farming system and very simple in its application. Wheat with cultivation through ZTD showed a maximum yield of 46q/ha. Zero tillage technology showed very promising results in pulse and oilseed cultivation.

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