scholarly journals Sequential application of bio-pesticide, botanical and chemical insecticide to manage aphid and pod borer attacking yard long bean

2017 ◽  
Vol 42 (3) ◽  
pp. 531-538 ◽  
Author(s):  
MR Amin ◽  
AA Tarif ◽  
MM Rahman ◽  
MM Hossain ◽  
F Ge
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Aphid Population ◽  
Neem Oil ◽  
Chemical Insecticide ◽  
Pod Borer ◽  
Population Reduction

Present study evaluated the effect of sequential application of a bio-pesticide (Bacillus thuringiensis subsp. Kurstaki) (Bt), a botanical (neem oil) and a chemical insecticide (cypermethrin 25EC) as well as cypermethrin 25EC alone in the management of aphid (Aphis craccivora) and pod borer (Maruca vitrata) attacking yard long bean (Vigna unguiculata sesquipedalis) in the field. In each treatment Bt, neem oil and cypermethrin were applied in alternative sequence as well as cypermethrin alone at 07 days intervals. All the treatments reduced aphid population and flower infestation after 24, 48 and 72h of treatment compared to untreated control. Aphid population reduction by the treatments over control was ranged from 34.4 to 71.9%, and the treatment with cypermethrin alone had the lowest abundance of aphid and flower infestation. The Bt followed by neem oil and cypermethrin significantly reduced the pod infestation by pod borer and increased yield (38.9–41.4%) over control with BCR: 1.85-2.16. Use of cypermethrin alone was most effective and showed the lowest pod infestation and revealed the increased yield over control (47.7%) with BCR 4.70. Considering the hazardous affect of cypermethrin alone, its application followed by bio-pesticide and botanical sequentially would be promising components for integrated pest management strategies against aphid and pod borer attacking yard long bean.Bangladesh J. Agril. Res. 42(3): 531-538, September 2017

scholarly journals Non-Entomopathogenic Roles of Entomopathogenic Fungi in Promoting Plant Health and Growth

Insects ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 10 (9) ◽  
pp. 277 ◽  
Author(s):  
Surendra K. Dara
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Entomopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Plant Pathogens ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Agricultural Pests ◽  
Chemical Insecticide ◽  
Control Efficacy ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Pest Suppression

Multiple genera of hypocrealean fungi infect and kill a wide variety of arthropod pests. Several formulations based on these soilborne fungi are commercially available as biopesticides for controlling urban, garden, greenhouse, and agricultural pests. These fungi are an important part of integrated pest management strategies to maintain pest control efficacy, reduce the risk of chemical insecticide resistance, and offer environmentally sustainable pest suppression. While the entomopathogenic or pest management role of these fungi is well documented, several studies in the past decade or two have provided insights into their relationship with plants, soil, and plant pathogens, and their additional roles in promoting plant growth and health. This review highlights these endophytic, mycorrhiza-like, and disease-antagonizing roles of entomopathogenic fungi.

scholarly journals EFFICACY OF COMMERCIAL INSECTICIDE FOR THE MANAGEMENT OF COWPEA POD BORER (MARUCA VITRATA) ON COWPEA (VIGNA UNGUICULATA (L.) WALP) UNDER FIELD CONDITION IN CHITWAN, NEPAL

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 92-95
Author(s):  
Chudamani Pant ◽  
Rajendra Regmi ◽  
Sagar Bhusal ◽  
Shrawan Yadav ◽  
Sapana Tiwari ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Block Design ◽  
Control Plot ◽  
Chemical Insecticide ◽  
Pod Borer ◽  
Larval Count ◽  
Randomized Complete Block Design ◽  
Pea Pod ◽  
Fruit Damage ◽  
Benefit Cost

A field experiment was conducted to evaluate the efficacy of commercially available insecticides for management of cowpea pod borer to know about the effective and safe chemical insecticide to manage the cow pea pod borer. A total of five treatments; (i. Neemix (2ml/L), ii. Flubendamide 48% SC (2ml/L), iii. Spinosad 45% SC (3ml/L), iv. Chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC(2ml/L) and v. control) were tested using Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with four replications for each treatment. The results showed that the Chlorantraniliprole 18.5% SC was most effective to reduce cowpea pod borer larva followed by Flubendamide 48% SC and Spinosad 45% SC. The damage of pod by cowpea pod borer was recorded the highest control plot (20.53%) whereas lowest fruit damage was recorded Chlorantraniliprole (5.18%) followed by Flubendamide (5.44%). Among the treatments, the highest yield was obtained with Chlorantraniliprole (11.22mt/ha) followed by Flubendamide (9.21mt/ha) and Spinosad (8.27/ha). Whereas the lowest yield was obtained with control plot (6.59mt/ha) followed by Neemix (7.09mt/ha) treated plots. The benefit-cost (B:C) ratio for all the treatments revealed that chlorantraniliprole @ 0.2ml/L was highly economical with a B:C of 1:62.14 followed by spinosad with 1: 21.91. The chlorantraniliprole resulted the lowest larval count, lowest fruit damage, highest yield and highest marginal B: C thus could be the best insecticide to manage cowpea pod borer.

scholarly journals Integrated Pest Management for Stored Grain: Potential Natural Biological Control by a Parasitoid Wasp Community

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (11) ◽  
pp. 1038
Author(s):  
Avichai Harush ◽  
Elazar Quinn ◽  
Anatoly Trostanetsky ◽  
Aviv Rapaport ◽  
Moshe Kostyukovsky ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Biological Control ◽  
Pest Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Alternative Methods ◽  
Parasitoid Wasps ◽  
Stored Grain ◽  
Chemical Insecticide ◽  
Parasitoid Community ◽  
Study Results ◽  
Wide Range

Insect contamination of stored grain is a major concern for the grain industry. Phosphine is currently the standard fumigant used to control insect pests in stored grain. However, some species and populations of insects that infest stored grain exhibit resistance to this fumigant and consumers are concerned about pesticide residues. Therefore, alternative methods of effective pest control are needed to partially or completely replace the use of phosphine. There is growing interest in biological control via parasitoid wasps. However, there is evidence that biological control will succeed only if used alongside other pest-management measures. Integrating biological control with the use of chemical insecticide is challenging and may lead to severe reductions in parasitoid survival and success. The main aim of the current study is to shed light on a greatly overlooked issue: the parasitoid community found in stored grain before and after phosphine treatment. The current study results indicate that there is a high level of parasitoid biodiversity within grain stores. We found common parasitoids at both semi-arid and Mediterranean sites, suggesting that those parasitoids can be active across a wide range of abiotic conditions. This research indicates that the community may recover even though phosphine has an immediate negative effect on a parasitoid community. Nevertheless, the parasitoid wasps seem to reduce the host population insufficiently. In light of the findings presented here, those interested in implementing pest-management strategies that include both phosphine treatment and biological control should consider conservation and augmentation of the naturally occurring parasitoid population. These studies should take into account interactions between and within parasitoid populations and phosphine distribution within the grain storage. To limit the effect of phosphine on the parasitoids, pest-management strategies should also reflect careful consideration of the timing of phosphine treatment and the need for sufficient refuge for the parasitoids.

scholarly journals Field Evaluation of some Molecules for Management of Brevicoryne brassicae Linnaeus in Cauliflower, Brassica oleracea L var botrytis

2021 ◽  
pp. 11-17
Author(s):  
Ritesh Kumar ◽  
Md. Monobrullah ◽  
Deepak Ranjan Kishor ◽  
Anil Kumar ◽  
Parnav Kumar
Keyword(s):  
Brassica Oleracea ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Field Evaluation ◽  
Brevicoryne Brassicae ◽  
Aphid Population ◽  
Eastern Region ◽  
Neem Oil ◽  
Research Complex ◽  
Brassica Oleracea L ◽  
Effective Treatments

The present study was conducted at Research Farm of ICAR- Research Complex for Eastern Region, Patna, Bihar during rabi 2020-21. Eight insecticides were evaluated against aphid, Brevicoryne brassicae in cauliflower and found that all insecticidal treatments were significantly superior over untreated control, in reducing the population of aphid however; significant differences existed among the various treatments. Flubendiamide20% WG @ 0.4gm/l was found most effective followed by lufenuron 5.4% EC @ 1ml/l and others showed intermediated effects in reduction of aphid population. The least effective treatments were neem oil and diafenthiuron in reducing the population of B. brassicae.

Insecticidal activity of cashew nut shell liquid against sucking pests of cowpea, Vigna unguiculata subsp. sesquipedalis (L.) Verdc.

ENTOMON ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 107-114
Author(s):  
M. Lekha ◽  
M. H. Faizal ◽  
N. Anitha
Keyword(s):  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Insecticidal Activity ◽  
Neem Oil ◽  
Chemical Insecticide ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell Liquid ◽  
Developmental Abnormalities ◽  
Cashew Nut ◽  
Insecticidal Action ◽  
Cashew Nut Shell ◽  
Test Insect

Cashew nut shell liquid (CNSL), an important agro waste from cashew nut processing factories, was emulsified in water and assayed for insecticidal activity at concentrations ranging from 0.05 to 0.2 % against aphid, Aphis craccivora and pod bug, Riptortus pedestris infesting cowpea, Vigna unguiculata sesquipedalis under laboratory conditions by topical application. CNSL at various concentrations was found to have insecticidal properties against A. craccivora and R. pedestris wherein the speed of kill and efficacy varied with concentration and test insect. CNSL  @ 0.1 % with mortality ranging from 95.83 to 100 per cent at 48 hours after treatment (HAT) was found effective against A. craccivora whereas a concentration of 0.2% was required against R. pedestris to achieve similar mortality (96.67 to 100 %) at 72 HAT. CNSL derived from two cashew nut processing methods (drum roasting and steam boiling) did not differ significantly in their insecticidal action. At concentrations of 0.1 and 0.2 %, mortality produced by CNSL was comparable to that of chemical insecticide, thiamethoxam 0.03% and significantly superior to the widely used botanical neem oil @ 2% against A. craccivora and R. pedestris respectively. R. pedestris that survived exposure to CNSL treatments exhibited developmental abnormalities and formation of nymphal adult intermediary indicating its possible insect growth regulatory effect.

scholarly journals Transgenic cowpeas (Vigna unguiculata L. Walp) expressing Bacillus thuringiensis Vip3Ba protein are protected against the Maruca pod borer (Maruca vitrata)

2017 ◽  
Vol 131 (2) ◽  
pp. 335-345 ◽  
Author(s):  
Bosibori Bett ◽  
Stephanie Gollasch ◽  
Andy Moore ◽  
William James ◽  
Joel Armstrong ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Thuringiensis ◽  
Vigna Unguiculata ◽  
Maruca Vitrata ◽  
Pod Borer

scholarly journals Management of Onion Thrips (Thrips tabaci) in Organic Onion Production Using Multiple IPM Tactics

Insects ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 207
Author(s):  
Lindsy Iglesias ◽  
Michael J. Havey ◽  
Brian A. Nault
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Thrips Tabaci ◽  
Neem Oil ◽  
Onion Thrips ◽  
Marketable Yield ◽  
Major Pest ◽  
Onion Cultivar ◽  
Oil Tank ◽  
Bulb Yield

Onion thrips (Thrips tabaci Lindeman) is a major pest in organic onion production and effective integrated pest management strategies are lacking. Our objective was to evaluate combinations of semi-glossy (“Rossa di Milano” and B5336AxB5351C) and waxy (“Bradley”) onion cultivars with reflective mulch, with or without biopesticides (spinosad + neem oil tank mix), to manage T. tabaci in organic onion production. Thrips densities were assessed weekly and bulbs graded and weighed at harvest. Onions sprayed with spinosad + neem oil had fewer T. tabaci (adults: 74% (2019); larvae: 40% (2018), 84% (2019) and produced higher yields (13% (2018), 23% (2019)) than onions that were unsprayed, regardless of mulch type or onion cultivar. “Rossa di Milano” had relatively fewer adult and larval thrips populations compared with “Bradley” (21% (2018), 32% (2019)) and B5336AxB5351C. However, “Rossa di Milano” had the lowest marketable yield in both years. Reflective mulch reduced densities on certain dates in both years compared to white mulch, but the largest and most consistent reduction only occurred in 2019. Reflective mulch had no impact on bulb yield. While spinosad + neem oil reduced thrips numbers and increased yield alone, none of the treatment combinations were effective at suppressing populations of thrips. Future T. tabaci management in organic onions will require optimization of the available effective biopesticides.

BIOEFFICACY OF PLANT EXTRACTS AGAINST MUSTARD APHID AND THEIR NATURAL ENEMIES

2019 ◽  
Vol 25 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
NARENDRA SINGH ◽  
N. S. BHADAURIA ◽  
PRADYUMN SINGH
Keyword(s):  
Plant Extracts ◽  
Natural Enemies ◽  
Untreated Control ◽  
Plant Material ◽  
Aphid Population ◽  
College Of Agriculture ◽  
Mustard Aphid ◽  
Plant Materials

The Bio-efficacy of eleven plant extracts namely viz.Neem Kernel; Rhizome of Ginger; Leaves of Datura, Gajarghas, Harsingar, Oak and Latjeera; Bulb of Garlic and Onion; Flowers of Chrysenthemum and Fruits of Chilli in the concentration of 5 percent and imidacloprid @ 40 g ai/ha was tested against mustard aphid, Lipaphiserysimi and their effect on D. rapae and Coccinellid beetle were tested in the Department of Entomology, College of Agriculture, Gwalior (M.P.). All the tested plant materials and imidacloprid @ 40 g ai/ha were effective significanty in reducing the aphid population over control.The aphid population in treated plots ranged from 7.2 to 40.0 as against 85.4 aphid/twig in untreated control. Among the plant material, three sprays of Neem Kernel were found most effective followed by three sprays of chilli fruits.All the plant extracts were found significantly safer to D. rapae and coccinellid bettle in comparision to insecticide (imidacloprid).

Soil Nitrogen Movement under Sustainable Vegetable Production Systems

HortScience ◽  
1998 ◽  
Vol 33 (3) ◽  
pp. 494f-495 ◽  
Author(s):  
Amy M. Johnson ◽  
Greg D. Hoyt
Keyword(s):  
Pest Management ◽  
Soil Nitrogen ◽  
Conservation Tillage ◽  
Management Strategies ◽  
Conventional Tillage ◽  
Plant Diseases ◽  
Vegetable Production ◽  
Beneficial Arthropods ◽  
Weed Species ◽  
Available Nitrogen

An experiment was established to determine the effect of different tillage practices, vegetable crop rotations, and pest management strategies on crop yield, plant diseases, pest and beneficial arthropods, weed species changes over time, and soil environmental consequences. This poster describes nitrogen movement from the various treatments over a 3-year rotation. The treatments are: 1) conventional tillage with chemically based IPM; 2) conventional tillage with biologically based IPM; 3) conservation tillage with chemically based IPM; 4) conservation tillage with biologically based IPM; and 5) conventional tillage with no fertilizer or pest management. Mid-season soil analyses with depth showed chemical-fertilized plowed and conservation-tilled treatments with more soil available nitrogen at most depths compared to the biological-based IPM systems (soybean meal was used as a nitrogen source). However, the biological-based systems did supply enough soil nitrogen to produce similar yield results as the chemical-based systems. Less soil nitrate was measured in the 30- to 90-cm depths at harvest from the biological-based systems than chemical-based systems. Conservation-tilled systems had greater nitrate with depth compared to conventional-tilled systems.

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