scholarly journals Quality assurance in undergraduate dental institutions of Bangladesh: Views of stakeholders

2017 ◽  
Vol 8 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
Md Mahafuzur Raihan ◽  
Syeda Afroza ◽  
Md Humayun Kabir Talukder ◽  
Md Abdullah Al Harun ◽  
Md Immam Hossin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Quality Assurance ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Educational Environment ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Research Activities ◽  
National Quality ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

This cross-sectional study was conducted to find out the views of some stakeholders in regarding the current quality assurance activities in different government and non-government dental institutions of Bangladesh. Students, intern doctors, teachers and head of the institutions were the respondents. Semi-structured self-administered questionnaire, interview schedules and a checklist were used for data collection. The sampling technique was convenience and purposive. The study was conducted in 2015 and 2016. The study revealed that teachers were satisfied with the overall educational environment, but students are not certain about this mater and the students' opinion were negative in regards to hostel and library facilities. Only few teachers were engaged in research activities in which authorities do not provide any assistance. Almost all dental institutions are deficient in their quality assurance activities. Other than academic council most of the quality assurance bodies are absent or non-functioning. The study recommends that quality assurance activities in undergraduate dental institutions in Bangladesh should be strengthened and it should be evaluated by the national quality assurance body.Bangladesh Journal of Medical Education Vol.8(2) 2017: 7-11

scholarly journals Tobacco Use among Adolescents of a Public School of Kaski District

2020 ◽  
Vol 10 (1) ◽  
pp. 59-63
Author(s):  
Sailaja Sharma ◽  
Ratna Shila Banstola ◽  
Sakuntala Pageni
Keyword(s):  
Public School ◽  
Tobacco Use ◽  
Smoking Habit ◽  
Peer Pressure ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Family Influence ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Introduction: Tobacco is one of the proven risk factors, contributes substantially to the rising epidemic of non-communicable diseases. Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted to determine the prevalence of tobacco use and associated factors among adolescents of a selected public School in Kaski district. Non-probability purposive sampling technique was adopted and data was collected with self-administered questionnaire from 168 respondents. Results: The prevalence of tobacco-use was 19.6 percent and mean age of initiation was13.84 years. The most common reasons for smoking were peer pressure (63.3%), imitation (27.3%), family influence (27.3%) and quest for new experience (21.2%). Tobacco-use was strongly associated with ethnicity (p=0.03), mother's education level (p=0.02), father's occupation (p=0.03), peer pressure (p=0.01) and friends smoking habit (p=0.03). Conclusion: Tobacco-focused interventions are required for school going adolescents to promote cessation among users and prevent its initiation.

scholarly journals Effect of COVID-19 on doctor-patient relationship

2020 ◽  
Vol 7 (12) ◽  
pp. 4690
Author(s):  
Hope O. Nwoga ◽  
Miriam O. Ajuba ◽  
Uche E. Ezeoke
Keyword(s):  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Patient Relationship ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Doctor Patient Relationship ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Social ◽  
Convenience Sampling ◽  
Enugu State ◽  
Almost All ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Background: The doctor-patient relationship has been linked to patient satisfaction, treatment adherence and outcome. It remains the cornerstone of medical practice though may be affected in this era of COVID-19 pandemic. The objective of the study was to determine the effect of COVID-19 pandemic on the doctor-patient relationship.Methods: The study was a cross-sectional study conducted in a tertiary health facility in Enugu State South-East Nigeria. It involved all the doctors working in the hospital as at the time of data collection. Patients that attended the general out-patient clinic of the hospital were selected using convenience sampling. One hundred and eighty six (186) doctors and 155 patients participated in the study. A similarly structured self-administered questionnaire was used to collect data from both the doctors and the patients.Results: There was disparity in some of the studied aspect of the doctor-patient relationship as reported by the doctors and the patients. The prominent being the social distancing practice which almost all the patients (91.6%) said that it has affected their relationship with their doctors while only about half of the doctors (52.7%) agreed to this assertion. However both parties agreed that the level of physical examination have reduced to the barest minimum.Conclusions: The present COVID-19 pandemic have affected the doctor-patient relationship adversely.

scholarly journals Female doctors are more emotionally exhausted than their male counterparts in Iraq

2019 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
Ilker Dastan ◽  
Mustafa Ali Mustafa Al-samarraie ◽  
Saad Ahmed Ali Jadoo
Keyword(s):  
Emotional Exhaustion ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Maslach Burnout Inventory ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Male And Female ◽  
Stress At Work ◽  
Multistage Sampling ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

Background: The increasing number of women graduating from medical schools doubles the level of responsibility and increases competition with males. Therefore, the assessment of the emotional exhaustion impact on women has become necessary to avoid over-stress at work. This study aims to assess and discuss the gender differences in nine-item emotional exhaustion (EE) subscale of the validated Maslach Burnout Inventory (MBI) among a sample of Iraqi physicians.  Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study conducted over the first half of 2014. Data was collected from 576 doctors using a self-administered questionnaire with a multistage sampling technique. An independent sample t-test used to compare the means. Results: More than half of respondents (310, 53.8%) were females with a mean age (±SD) of 40.43 years (±8.59). Female doctors are less affected than males in term of emotional draining from work (p=0.008) and strained by people (p=0.009) respectively. Male doctors are less affected than females in being used up at the end of the week (p<0.001), stressed by working with people (p<0.001), burned out from work (p<0.001) and frustrated by job (p<0.001). However, both male and female doctors are equal in feeling fatigue in the morning (p=0.286), feeling of working too hard (0.284) and of being unable to stand (0.358). Conclusion: This study supports the results of previous studies that female doctors show more empathy when dealing with patients, however, they appeared more prone to burnout and stress.

scholarly journals Caregiver Burden among Caregivers of patient undergoing Hemodialysis in Tertiary Care Center : A Descriptive Cross-sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 58 (223) ◽  
pp. 148-152
Author(s):  
Srijana Khatri Chhetri ◽  
Rojina Baral
Keyword(s):  
Care Center ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Simple Random Sampling ◽  
Chronically Ill ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Teaching Hospitals ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Almost All

Introduction: Chronic kidney disease affects almost all aspects of life of the patients and caregivers. Dialysis is a common treatment modality for Chronic Renal Failure. The caregivers of patients undergoing hemodialysis bear the emotional and psychological stress of having a chronically ill patient. The physical and psychological distress, limitations in personal and social activities, loss of freedom, financial limitations directly or indirectly affect the level of burden among caregivers. This study aims to study the level of burden among caregivers of patient undergoing hemodialysis. Methods: A descriptive cross-sectional study among 123 caregivers giving care to hemodialysis patients for at least 3 months at Teaching Hospitals, Chitwan was carried out using simple random sampling technique.  Level of burden was evaluated using the burden questionnaire (Zarit Burden Interview). Results: The study revealed that 60 (48.78%) had mild to moderate, 53 (43.08%) had moderate to severe. The median scores for burden among the caregivers was (39.30±11.68) with 44.65%. Conclusions: Coping Strategies, social support, support interventions has greater impact on caregivers in achieving their roles in caring the patients and increases the capability to cope effectively with the patient’s condition.      

scholarly journals Insights into the Predictors of Attitude toward Entomophagy: The Potential Role of Health Literacy: A Cross-Sectional Study Conducted in a Sample of Students of the University of Florence

2021 ◽  
Vol 18 (10) ◽  
pp. 5306
Author(s):  
Chiara Lorini ◽  
Laura Ricotta ◽  
Virginia Vettori ◽  
Marco Del Riccio ◽  
Massimiliano Alberto Biamonte ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Data Analysis ◽  
Health Literacy ◽  
Potential Role ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
University Of Florence ◽  
The University ◽  
Self Administered Questionnaire

In Western countries, one of the main barriers to entomophagy is repulsion toward insects. Few studies have investigated the factors that influence attitudes toward entomophagy. Therefore, we conducted a cross-sectional study involving a sample of 248 university students, focusing on disgust and other potential attributes that can influence insect consumption, including health literacy. We used a 17-item self-administered questionnaire. Consistent with the literature, two items were chosen as outcome variables to evaluate the predictors of the propensity to consume insects: “Have you ever eaten insects or insect-based products?” and “How disgusting do you find eating insects?” The data analysis shows that having already eaten insects is inversely associated with the level of disgust (OR: 0.1, p < 0.01); and it is positively associated with higher levels of health literacy (OR: 3.66, p > 0.01). Additionally, having some knowledge and information about entomophagy is inversely associated with a higher level of disgust (OR: 0.44, p = 0.03 and OR: 0.25, p = 0.03, respectively), while being female is positively associated with disgust (OR: 3.26, p < 0.01). Our results suggest the potential role of health literacy, in addition to other factors, in influencing the willingness to taste insects. However, further studies involving larger and non-convenience samples are needed to confirm our hypothesis.

scholarly journals Male Involvement in Family Planning: Challenges and Way Forward

2014 ◽  
Vol 2014 ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ademola Adelekan ◽  
Philomena Omoregie ◽  
Elizabeth Edoni
Keyword(s):  
Family Planning ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Male Involvement ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Focus Group Discussions ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Married Men ◽  
Public Health Officials

Public health officials have advocated the involvement of men as a strategy for addressing the dismal performance of family planning (FP) programmes. This study was therefore designed to explore the challenges and determine way forward to male involvement in FP in Olorunda Local Government Area, Osogbo, Nigeria. This cross-sectional study involved the use of a four-stage sampling technique to select 500 married men and interviewed them using semistructured questionnaire. In addition, four focus group discussions (FGDs) were also conducted. Mean age of respondents was 28.5 ± 10.3 years. Some (37.9%) of the respondents’ spouse had ever used FP and out of which 19.0% were currently using FP. Only 4.8% of the respondents had ever been involved in FP. Identified barriers to male involvement included the perception that FP is woman’s activity and was not their custom to participate in FP programme. More than half of the FGD discussants were of the view that men should provide their wives with transport fare and other resources they may need for FP. The majority of the respondents had never been involved in family planning with their wives. Community sensitization programmes aimed at improving male involvement in FP should be provided by government and nongovernmental agencies.

Prevalence and factors associated to depression among Debrebirhan University students: a cross-sectional study

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
(MD
Keyword(s):  
University Students ◽  
Associated Factors ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Considerable Proportion ◽  
P Value ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Prevalence Of Depression ◽  
Debre Birhan

Abstract Background: Undiagnosed depression among university students has an adverse effect on the wellbeing and academic performance of students. This study aimed to assess the prevalence of depression and associated factors among Debre Birhan university students. Methodology: Institutional based cross-sectional study design is conducted in Debre Birhan University from April to June 2013 E.C. Three hundred sixty nine students participated in this study which was selected by simple random sampling technique. Data were collected by using a self-administered PHQ-9 standard depression questionnaire. First the data was entered into in Epidata 3.1 and then was exported to SPSS version 20 for analysis. Associated factors were identified using binary logistic regression and variables with a p-value < 0.05 were declared as statistically significant factors with the outcome variables. Result: All of the study subjects were between ages 18 and 33 with a mean age of 22.65 9 ± 2.78. The overall prevalence of depression is 17.1%. Among this according to PHQ-9 scores cut scores, 161(43.6 %) scored as normal (0–4), 145(39.3%) scored as mild (5–9), 53(14.4%) scored as moderate (10–14), 4(1.1%) scored as moderately severe (15–19) and 6(1.6%) students scored as sever (> 20). In multivariate analysis being female AOR = 9.28[3.47–24.81], academic year AOR = 0.236[0.059–0.936], smoking 26.3[9.33–74.1] and alcohol use AOR of 2.62[0.95–7.21] are significantly associated with depression. Conclusion and recommendation: This study found a considerable proportion of undergraduate students with depression. Higher institutions need to pay special attention to students especially those who are female, junior students, smokers and alcohol users.

scholarly journals Identify the Causes of Absenteeism in Nurses Mayo Hospital Lahore Pakistan

2017 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 110-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nabila Kanwal ◽  
Ghazala Riaz ◽  
Muhammad Shahid Riaz ◽  
Shoumaila Safdar
Keyword(s):  
Negative Impact ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Poor Performance ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Job Dissatisfaction ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Minor Ailments ◽  
Usual Pattern

Absenteeism is a usual pattern of absence from a duty or responsibility. Usually, absenteeism is considered as an indication of person poor performance. In this study a descriptive cross sectional study design was used. A close ended questionnaire was used as a research tool. Convenient sampling technique was used. Data was analyzed on SPSS 20 version. Nurses are absent from their duties because they suffer from minor ailments e.g. headache and backache? In response of this question, 42.5% responded said that they are strongly agreed, 17.5% were agreed, 8.8% were neutral, 21.3% were disagreed, and 10% were strongly agreed. Nurses do absent from their work because workload is too heavy, 42.5% were agreed, 30% were strongly agreed, 12.5% were neutral,7.5% were disagreed and 7.5% were also strongly disagreed. The lack of appropriate recognition and reward could lead to dissatisfaction and absenteeism among nurses, in response of this question nurses asked that they do absent 31.3% agreed, 41.3% strongly agreed, 15.0% are neutral, 12.5%are disagreed and 0% are strongly disagreed. Staff absenteeism is a growing management concern. It can contribute to sickness absence, staffing instability, work overload and job dissatisfaction that could have a negative impact on patient care. The rate of absenteeism can be reduced by productive management, and loyal leadership. It will not only reduce absenteeism rate but also improve quality of care toward the patients. In return of good performance nurses need appraisal.Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 4, Issue-2: 110-114

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