scholarly journals Nutritional status of patients with tuberculosis attending at tertiary medical center in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (2) ◽  
pp. 53-57 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohammad Ferdous Ur Rahaman ◽  
Jannatara Shefa ◽  
Manos Kumar Mandal ◽  
Md Rafiqul Alam
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Communicable Disease ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Morbidity And Mortality ◽  
Under Nutrition ◽  
Nutrition Supplementation ◽  
Disease Condition ◽  
Medical University

Background: Tuberculosis (TB) is a common communicable disease in Bangladesh. Treatment of TB sometimes depends on nutritional status of the patient. Both in developed and developing countries TB has been found to coexist with malnutrition among patients at the beginning of treatment. So it would be very important to evaluate the nutritional assessment of a patient before starting treatment. If malnutrition exists in a patient of TB than nutrition supplementation can play an important role in improving the disease condition to reduce further morbidity and mortality. Method:It was a descriptive study, conducted on eighty-seven adult TB participant attending at medicine department, Bangabandhu Sheikh Mujib Medical University (BSMMU), where nutritional status (Body-Mass Index or BMI) was measured by keeping records of patient’s height in meters and weight in kilogram. Result: A total 87 participants were included in this study where 45 (52 percent) were males and 42 (48 percent) were females. Most of the participants were healthy 56 percent (n=49) participants. However, under-nutrition was present in 36 percent (n=31) participants and over-nutrition were only 8 percent (n=7). Most of the participant takes more than three meals 54 percent (n=47) participants. However, three meals were taken by 45 percent (n=39) participants and two meals were taken only 1 percent (n=1). Conclusion: In this study almost 36% participants of tuberculosis were in under-nutrition. So Nutrition supplementation could be needed in improving the disease condition to reduce further morbidity and mortality. On the other hand large scale study should be needed for taking proper steps to know the overall situation of the country. Bangladesh J Medicine July 2019; 30(2) : 53-57

scholarly journals Back to the Vinyl Age – A Narrative Report of a Total Computer Blackout at a Large University Medical Center

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lorenz H Lehmann ◽  
Benjamin Meder
Keyword(s):  
Information System ◽  
Health Professionals ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Digital Health ◽  
Laboratory Data ◽  
Digital Transformation ◽  
University Center ◽  
Medical University ◽  
Narrative Report

Abstract We report here our experience during a total blackout of all computer systems at a large-scale medical university center lasting for almost two days, affecting not only the hospital information system, but also all PACS systems, access to laboratory data, office and email software and even the personnel’s ability to log into their accounts. While initially threatening, staff quickly adapted to the situation and the promise of ‘digital health’ to enable more time for the patient and improve communication, was essentially fulfilled when our computer system was totally down. Based on our experience, we recommend an involvement of health professionals and their medical societies in every step of the digital transformation to accomplished this mission in a responsible, safe and human-centered way.

Results of Genetic Screening of Germinal Mutations in BRCA 1 And BRCA 2 Genes in Patients with Breast Cancer in the Aktobe Region of West Kazakhstan

2020 ◽  
Vol 106 (1_suppl) ◽  
pp. 37-37
Author(s):  
M.A. Aitmagambetova ◽  
G.A. Smagulova ◽  
Bekmukhambetov E.Zh. ◽  
I. Kokhreidze ◽  
A.B. Tulyaeva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Breast Cancer ◽  
Family History ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Brca1 And Brca2 ◽  
Caucasian Race ◽  
Depth Study ◽  
Patient Families ◽  
West Kazakhstan ◽  
Medical University

Introduction: Breast cancer (BC) is the most common malignant disease affecting women around the world. Clinically, the most important BC susceptibility genes are BRCA1 and BRCA2. The objective of our study was to establish the frequencies of 8 mutations in the BRCA1 genes (185delAG, 4153delA, 5382insC, 3819delGTAAA, 3875delGTCT, 300T> G (Cys61Gly), 2080delA mutations) and BRCA2 (6174delT mutation) in patients with BC in the Aktobe region of Western Kazakhstan. Materials and research methods: This study involved 300 women with a confirmed diagnosis of BC, who were observed at the Medical Center of the West Kazakhstan Medical University named after Marat Ospanov in the period 2018-2019. Prior to sampling the material (peripheral whole blood), patients received informed consent to conduct the study. Genotyping was carried out by real-time PCR using the Oncogenetics BRCA kit (NPO DNA Technology) according to the manufacturer's instructions. Results: A total of 300 patients were identified 3 cases. Patient No. 1, 31 years old, Asian race (kazakh), a mutation in the BRCA1 5382insC gene was detected, the hereditary history was burdened. Given the patient’s mutation (5382incS), a family history (father died of lung cancer, sibling died of ovarian cancer), work was done on genetic counseling for relatives (mother, brother, sisters and their adult children). Based on the analysis, we revealed a similar mutation of 5382incS in a sibling (42 years old) and his own daughter (17 years old), a second sibling (37 years old). Patient No. 2, 68 years old, Caucasian race, a mutation in the BRCA1 300T> G gene (Cys61Gly) was detected, the hereditary history is not burdened. Patient No. 3, 59 years old, Caucasian race, burdened by heredity. Also, given the patient’s mutation (5382incS), a family history (mother and grandmother died of BC), a study was conducted (daughters). According to the result of the analysis, we revealed a similar mutation of 5382incS in the daughter. Thus, the case presented shows the need for a large-scale, in-depth study of this population for further personification of treatment and prophylactic examination of patient families.

scholarly journals Assessment of nutritional status, pre-operative nutrition supplementation and its’ impact on the outcome of surgery in gastrointestinal malignancies: a prospective study

2019 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 178
Author(s):  
Dakshayani S. Nirhale ◽  
Amala A. Ghalsasi ◽  
Nisarga V.
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Hospital Stay ◽  
Anastomotic Leak ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Nutritional Supplementation ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Gastrointestinal Malignancies ◽  
Gastrointestinal Malignancy ◽  
Nutrition Supplementation

Background: Gastrointestinal (GI) cancers are responsible for more deaths from cancer than any other cancers. These patients are at risk for disease-related malnutrition which has been linked to an increase in post operative complications. Despite research, guidelines for preoperative nutritional assessment are lacking. The study was aimed to assess the nutritional status of patients in gastrointestinal malignancy, impact of nutritional supplementation and its impact on outcome of surgery.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on patients of gastrointestinal malignancy attending Dept. of Surgery, Dr. D.Y. Patil Medical College, and Hospital, Pimpri, Pune. Institute Ethics Committee clearance was obtained before starting the study. 45 newly diagnosed patients of gastrointestinal malignancy were included in the study after informed consent.Results: At the start of this study 26.66% were well nourished, 35.55% moderately nourished, and 37.77% poorly nourished. At 6 weeks after supplementation 60 % were well nourished, 24.4 % moderately nourished, and 7 % poorly nourished. Surgical site infection (SSI) occurred in 7 patients of which 57.14% were poorly nourished, 28.57 % were moderately nourished. Anastomotic leak occurred in 3 patients of which 66.66% patients were poorly nourished. Average number of days of hospital stay for well nourished patients was 6.23 and for poorly nourished patients 14.14.Conclusions: Malnutrition is a concern in gastrointestinal malignancies. Delay in surgery upto 6 weeks is permissible to enhance patients’ nutritional status. Proper nutritional supplementation significantly improves nutritional status. Complications like SSI and anastomotic leak; hospital stay are significantly reduced after improvement in nutritional status.

scholarly journals Determinants of under nutrition among the elderly in South Gondar Zone, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hiwot Yisak ◽  
Ismael Maru ◽  
Misganaw Abie ◽  
Getachew Aragie ◽  
Amien Ewunetei ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Intake ◽  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Elderly Population ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Mini Nutritional Assessment ◽  
The Elderly ◽  
Public Health Burden ◽  
Under Nutrition ◽  
South Gondar

Abstract Background: The number of the elderly population is expected to become the largest demographic group. Malnutrition in older adults is related with complications and premature death. The progression to malnutrition is often insidious and often undetected. No study has been ever conducted or documented to explore the nutritional status of elderly in south Gondar Zone . Hence, this study was aimed to assess the determinants of under nutrition among the elderly people aged ≥65 years. A cross-sectional study was conducted from October 1 to December 15, 2020. A community based study was conducted in south Gondar Zone, Ethiopia. A total of 290 elderly aged greater or equal to 65 years of age selected by systematic random sampling technique were included in the study. Pretested and structured questionnaire adapted from different literature was used to collect data. Anthropometric measurements; weight and height were measured following standard procedures. Mini-Nutritional Assessment (MNA) tool was used to assess nutritional status of elderly. Descriptive and summary statistics were employed. Multiple logistic regression was fitted to identify determinants of under nutrition. Odds ratios and their 95% confidence intervals were computed to determine the level of significance. Results: Based on their BMI status 27.57%, 95%CI (22.4-32.8) of elderly were underweight and 2.1%, 95% CI (0.7-3.8) were overweight. Likewise, 29.7%, 95%CI (24.5-35.2) of elderly were malnourished and 61.7%, 95% CI (55.5-67.2) were at risk of malnutrition based on Mini-Nutritional Assessment tool. Rural residence (AOR= 10.32, 95%CI (3.62-29.39)), unable to read and write (AOR = 3.54, 95%CI (1.64-7.64)), decline in food intake (AOR= 13.47, 95%CI (6.14-29.52)) and household monthly income <35.6USD (AOR = 4.32, 95%CI (1.97- 9.46)) were significantly and independently associated with under nutrition in elderly population.Conclusion: The prevalence of under nutrition among the elderly in the study area was high, and making it an important public health burden. Place of residence, educational status, food intake and household income were the determinants of under nutrition.

scholarly journals Amalgamation of cloud-based colonoscopy videos with patient-level metadata to facilitate large-scale machine learning

2021 ◽  
Vol 09 (02) ◽  
pp. E233-E238
Author(s):  
Rajesh N. Keswani ◽  
Daniel Byrd ◽  
Florencia Garcia Vicente ◽  
J. Alex Heller ◽  
Matthew Klug ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Machine Learning ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Academic Medical Center ◽  
Procedure Time ◽  
Image Capture ◽  
Common Procedure ◽  
Patient Level Data ◽  
Patient Level ◽  
Level Data

Abstract Background and study aims Storage of full-length endoscopic procedures is becoming increasingly popular. To facilitate large-scale machine learning (ML) focused on clinical outcomes, these videos must be merged with the patient-level data in the electronic health record (EHR). Our aim was to present a method of accurately linking patient-level EHR data with cloud stored colonoscopy videos. Methods This study was conducted at a single academic medical center. Most procedure videos are automatically uploaded to the cloud server but are identified only by procedure time and procedure room. We developed and then tested an algorithm to match recorded videos with corresponding exams in the EHR based upon procedure time and room and subsequently extract frames of interest. Results Among 28,611 total colonoscopies performed over the study period, 21,170 colonoscopy videos in 20,420 unique patients (54.2 % male, median age 58) were matched to EHR data. Of 100 randomly sampled videos, appropriate matching was manually confirmed in all. In total, these videos represented 489,721 minutes of colonoscopy performed by 50 endoscopists (median 214 colonoscopies per endoscopist). The most common procedure indications were polyp screening (47.3 %), surveillance (28.9 %) and inflammatory bowel disease (9.4 %). From these videos, we extracted procedure highlights (identified by image capture; mean 8.5 per colonoscopy) and surrounding frames. Conclusions We report the successful merging of a large database of endoscopy videos stored with limited identifiers to rich patient-level data in a highly accurate manner. This technique facilitates the development of ML algorithms based upon relevant patient outcomes.

Hair Follicle Melanogenesis Reflected in Hair Pigmentation as a Developmental Factor in Alopecia Areata

2021 ◽  
pp. 1-3
Author(s):  
Margit Juhasz ◽  
Rosalynn R.Z. Conic ◽  
Natasha Atanaskova Mesinkovska
Keyword(s):  
Hair Follicle ◽  
Alopecia Areata ◽  
Large Scale ◽  
Medical Center ◽  
Control Group ◽  
Hair Color ◽  
Natural Hair ◽  
Hair Pigmentation ◽  
Developmental Factor ◽  
Record Review

The mechanism of alopecia areata (AA) is not well-elucidated, and hair follicle melanogenesis pathways are implicated as possible sources for autoantigens. After a retrospective medical record review at a single tertiary medical center, the hair color of 112 AA patients were identified and compared to a control group of 104 androgenetic alopecia patients. There were no statistically significant differences in the natural hair color prevalence between the 2 groups (<i>p</i> = 0.164), and hair color was not a predictor of the alopecia type. Our results suggest hair pigmentation, determined by the eumelanin-to-pheomelanin ratio, is not a positive risk factor for AA development. We hope that our study will encourage multiple large-scale, collaborative, retrospective medical reviews to determine if our results are reproducible in diverse patient populations.

scholarly journals Overall burden of under-nutrition measured by a Composite Index in rural pre-school children in Purba Medinipur, West Bengal, India

2013 ◽  
Vol 76 (1) ◽  
pp. 109-116 ◽  
Author(s):  
Atanu Acharya ◽  
Gopal Chandra Mandal ◽  
Kaushik Bose
Keyword(s):  
Child Development ◽  
School Children ◽  
West Bengal ◽  
Composite Index ◽  
Total Sample ◽  
Under Nutrition ◽  
Nutrition Supplementation ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Very High ◽  
Development Service

Abstract Malnutrition is a leading cause of child mortality in India. To counteract this problem, a nutrition supplementation programme has been operating under the Integrated Child Development Service (ICDS) scheme in India since 1975. Recently, the Composite Index of Anthropometric Failure (CIAF) has been implemented to measure the seriousness and severity of overall under-nutrition in a population. Since this index presents a more complete picture than the previous three conventional measures. CIAF is utililized in this study which focuses on the overall burden of under-nutrition determination in pre-school children in Purba Medinipur, West Bengal, India. Our study was conducted in 10 Integrated Child Development Service (ICDS) centres, commonly known as “Anganwadi”, in the villages of the Argoal Gram Panchayat at Patashpur - II block. The total sample of 225 Bengalee ethnic children aged between 3 and 6 years was composed of 115 girls and 110 boys. The overall age and gender-combined prevalence of stunting, underweight and wasting recorded was 30.7%, 42.7% and 12.0%, respectively, and these rates were considered high (30-39%), very high (≥ 40%) and high (10-14%), respectively. CIAF results revealed the same trend, with 50.2% of these children affected by anthropometric failure, with the prevalence of underweight, wasting and CIAF higher in boys than in girls. This 50.2% CIAF result highlighted that approximately half the study children were undernourished. Since this figure is much higher than that estimated by any of the three conventional indicators,, CIAF has thus proven a far better indicator in assessing the overall burden of under-nutrition in a population. The nutritional status of the children in this study requires serious remedial action.

scholarly journals The importance of dysphagia screening and nutritional assessment in hospitalized patients

2018 ◽  
Vol 16 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Patrícia Amaro Andrade ◽  
Carolina Araújo dos Santos ◽  
Heloísa Helena Firmino ◽  
Carla de Oliveira Barbosa Rosa
Keyword(s):  
Nutritional Status ◽  
Global Assessment ◽  
Assessment Tool ◽  
Nutritional Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Hospitalized Patients ◽  
The Body ◽  
Subjective Global Assessment ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Knee Height

ABSTRACT Objective: To determine frequency of dysphagia risk and associated factors in hospitalized patients as well as to evaluate nutritional status by using different methods and correlate the status with scores of the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10). Methods: This was a cross-sectional study including 909 inpatients of a philanthropic hospital. For the diagnosis of dysphagia we used an adapted and validated Brazilian version of the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10). The nutritional status was evaluated through the subjective global assessment, and anthropometric measurements included weight, calf and arm circumference, and knee height. The Mann-Whitney test, associations using the Pearson’s χ2 and Spearman’s correlation were used to verify differences between the groups. Results: The prevalence of dysphagia risk was 10.5%, and aging was the associated factor with this condition. Patients at risk presented lower values of arm and calf circumference, variables that correlated inversely with the Eating Assessment Tool (EAT-10) score. Malnutrition was observed in 13.2% of patients based on the subjective global assessment and in 15.2% based on the Body Mass Index. Conclusion: Screening for dysphagia and malnutrition should be introduced in hospitals routine to avoid or minimize damages caused by dysphagia or malnutrition, especially among older people.

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