Effect of Diabetes Mellitus on Hearing

Background: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a chronic systemic disease characterized by hyperglycemia due to absolute or relative deficiency of insulin and affects several systems including hearing. It was evidenced that hearing loss is twice as common in people with diabetes in comparison to other non-diabetic individuals. Although there is no epidemiological information are available in Bangladesh, but it can assume that the number would not be less. Methods: This study was a hospital based case-control study conducted at department of ENT & department of Endocrinology for 1.5 year following approval of the protocol. Total 110 people (55 cases and 55 controls) were selected and analysed in this study. All the patients were divided into two groups: Group A (all patients with Diabetes) and Group B (persons without diabetes). For analysis group A were considered as case and group B were as control. Written informed consent was taken from all case and control subjects. A detailed history taking including hearing loss, duration, onset, associated symptoms & diabetes duration, treatment were obtained from the subject. A detailed ENT examination including otoscopic examination and tuning fork test were also conducted for each patient. Moreover, audiometric assessment-PTA, blood investigation-RBS, HbA1C, & renal parameters like blood urea & serum creatinine were tested in each cases. Data analysis was done in the statistical program Statistical Package for Social Science (SPSS) version 16.0. Results: Out of total 55 patients in each group, mean age of Diabetic and non-diabetic were 46.78±8.02 SD and 46.72±8.09 SD (years) with slight female predominance (45.5% vs 54.5% in diabetic group and 49.1% vs 50.9% in non-diabetic group). Bangladesh J Otorhinolaryngol; October 2019; 25(2): 116-124

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Different Appearance of Chest CT Images of T2DM and NDM Patients with COVID-19 Pneumonia Based on an Artificial Intelligent Quantitative Method

International Journal of Endocrinology ◽

10.1155/2021/6616069 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 2021 ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Shan Lu ◽

Zhiheng Xing ◽

Shiyu Zhao ◽

Xianglu Meng ◽

Juhong Yang ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Artificial Intelligence ◽

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Blood Glucose ◽

Quantitative Method ◽

Ct Images ◽

Chest Ct ◽

Ground Glass ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

COVID-19 is a kind of pneumonia with new coronavirus infection, and the risk of death in COVID-19 patients with diabetes is four times higher than that in healthy people. It is unclear whether there is a difference in chest CT images between type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and non-diabetes mellitus (NDM) COVID-19 patients. The aim of this study was to investigate the differences in chest CT images between T2DM and NDM patients with COVID-19 based on a quantitative method of artificial intelligence. A total of 62 patients with COVID-19 pneumonia were retrospectively enrolled and divided into group A (T2DM COVID-19 pneumonia group, n = 15) and group B (NDM COVID-19 pneumonia group, n = 47). The clinical and laboratory examination information of the two groups was collected. Quantitative features (volume of consolidation shadows and ground glass shadows, proportion of consolidation shadow (or ground glass shadow) to lobe volume, total volume, total proportion, and number) of chest spiral CT images were extracted using Dr. Wise @Pneumonia software. The results showed that among the 26 CT image features, the total volume and proportion of bilateral pulmonary consolidation shadow in group A were larger than those in group B ( P = 0.031 and 0.019, respectively); there was no significant difference in the total volume and proportion of bilateral pulmonary ground glass density shadow between the two groups ( P > 0.05 ). In group A, the blood glucose level was correlated with the volume of consolidation shadow and the proportion of consolidation shadow to right middle lobe volume, and higher than those patients in group B. In conclusion, the inflammatory exudation in the lung of COVID-19 patients with diabetes is more serious than that of patients without diabetes based on the quantitative method of artificial intelligence. Moreover, the blood glucose level is positively correlated with pulmonary inflammatory exudation in COVID-19 patients.

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To compare rosuvastatin with atorvastatin in terms of mean change in LDL-C in patient of diabetes mellitus.

The Professional Medical Journal ◽

10.29309/tpmj/2020.27.07.4538 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 27 (07) ◽

pp. 1505-1510

Author(s):

Masood Javed ◽

Dilshad Mohammad ◽

Muzzammal Iftikhar ◽

Mohsin Jameel ◽

Zain Masood ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Close Association ◽

P Value ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Group A ◽

Control Of Diabetes ◽

Insignificant Difference ◽

Group B ◽

And Control

Diabetes Mellitus is a very common metabolic disorder characterized by hyperglycemia and altered metabolism of lipids, proteins and carbohydrates due to absolute or relative insulin deficiency or insulin resistance. There is a close association between complications of Diabetes and Diabetic Dyslipidemias. The lowering of LDL levels with statins varies from 20 to 60% and greatest effects are seen with the most potent statins such as Atorvastatin, and Rosuvastatin in higher doses. Objectives: The objective of the study was; to compare Rosuvastatin with Atorvastatin in terms of mean change in LDL-C in patients of Diabetes Mellitus. Study Design: Randomized Control Trail. Setting: Department of Medicine DHQ Hospital, Faisalabad. Period: Six months from 01/10/2018 to 31/03/2019. Material & Methods: Results: A total of 160 cases (80 in each group) fulfilling the inclusive/exclusive criteria were enrolled to compare Rosuvastatin with Atorvastatin in terms of mean change in LDL-C in patients of Diabetes Mellitus. Mean LDL-C levels at baseline was recorded as159.61+1.22 in Group-A and 159.51+1.21 in Group-B, p value was calculated as 0.603 showing insignificant difference. Mean LDL-C after 6 weeks of treatment was recorded as129.11p+1.50 in Group-A and 129.89+2.23 in Group-B, p value was calculated as 0.01 showing significant difference. Mean change in LDL-C level after 6 weeks of treatment was recorded as 30.5+1.88 in Group-A and 29.63+2.57 in Group-B, p value was calculated as 0.01 showing a significant difference. The data was stratified for Age, Gender, Duration of Diabetes Mellitus and control of Diabetes Mellitus. Conclusion: This study proves superiority of Rosuvastain over Atorvastatin in reducing LDL-C level in type 2 DM Patients.

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Effect of Continuous Nursing on Quality of Life of Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Journal of Clinical and Nursing Research ◽

10.26689/jcnr.v5i1.1785 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

Author(s):

Honglei Lv ◽

Junling Li

Keyword(s):

Quality Of Life ◽

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Anxiety And Depression ◽

Nursing Satisfaction ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Anxiety Depression ◽

Better Than

Objective: To analyze the effect of continuous nursing on the quality of life of patients with diabetes. Methods: From August 2019 to August 2020, 76 patients with diabetes were selected and randomly divided into group A and group B. group a received continuous nursing and group B received routine nursing. Results: The compliance of health education in group A was better than that in group B (P < 0.05);The score of quality of life in group A was better than that in group B (P < 0.05);The scores of anxiety and depression in group A were better than those in group B (P < 0.05);The nursing satisfaction of group A was 97.37%, which was better than that of group B 76.32%, P < 0.05.Conclusions: Continuous nursing for patients with diabetes can improve the quality of life, relieve anxiety, depression and other negative emotions, and improve nursing satisfaction.

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Efficacy of Administration of an Angiotensin Converting Enzyme Inhibitor for Two Years on Autonomic and Peripheral Neuropathy in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus

Journal of Diabetes Research ◽

10.1155/2017/6719239 ◽

2017 ◽

Vol 2017 ◽

pp. 1-6 ◽

Cited By ~ 8

Author(s):

Triantafyllos Didangelos ◽

Konstantinos Tziomalos ◽

Charalambos Margaritidis ◽

Zisis Kontoninas ◽

Ioannis Stergiou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Peripheral Neuropathy ◽

Enzyme Inhibitor ◽

Valsalva Maneuver ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

Perception Threshold ◽

Long Term Outcome ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

Aim. To evaluate the effect of quinapril on diabetic cardiovascular autonomic neuropathy (CAN) and peripheral neuropathy (DPN).Patients and Methods. Sixty-three consecutive patients with diabetes mellitus [43% males, 27 with type 1 DM, mean age 52 years (range 22–65)], definite DCAN [abnormal results in 2 cardiovascular autonomic reflex tests (CARTs)], and DPN were randomized to quinapril 20 mg/day (group A,n=31) or placebo (group B,n=32) for 2 years. Patients with hypertension or coronary heart disease were excluded. To detect DPN and DCAN, the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument Questionnaire and Examination (MNSIQ and MNSIE), measurement of vibration perception threshold with biothesiometer (BIO), and CARTs [R-R variation during deep breathing [assessed by expiration/inspiration ratio (E/I), mean circular resultant (MCR), and standard deviation (SD)], Valsalva maneuver (Vals), 30 : 15 ratio, and orthostatic hypotension (OH)] were used.Results. In group A, E/I, MCR, and SD increased (pfor all comparisons < 0.05). Other indices (Vals, 30 : 15, OH, MNSIQ, MNSIE, and BIO) did not change. In group B, all CART indices deteriorated, except Vals, which did not change. MNSIQ, MNSIE, and BIO did not change.Conclusions.Treatment with quinapril improves DCAN (mainly parasympathetic dysfunction). Improved autonomic balance may improve the long-term outcome of diabetic patients.

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A comparative study of anaemia with the degree of glycaemic control in type 2 diabetes mellitus

International Journal of Advances in Medicine ◽

10.18203/2349-3933.ijam20193276 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 6 (4) ◽

pp. 1231

Author(s):

Prabhu S. ◽

Balakrishna Teli

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Cardiovascular Disease ◽

Diabetic Nephropathy ◽

Glycaemic Control ◽

Common Finding ◽

Poor Glycaemic Control ◽

Good Glycaemic Control ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

Background: Anaemia is one of the world’s most common preventable condition yet it is often overlooked especially in people with Diabetes Mellitus. Anaemia is a common finding in patients with diabetes. Anaemia in patients with diabetes mellitus might contribute to the pathogenesis and progression of cardiovascular disease and aggravate diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy. This aims to study the correlation between HbA1c and blood glucose levels in anaemic diabetics in order to assess the influence of anaemia on HbA1c and the effect of severity and type of anaemia on HbA1c.Methods: It’s a case control study, 200 Diabetic subjects were divided into two groups of 100 each based on their HbA1c levels group A, with good glycaemic control (HbA1c<7) and group B with poor glycaemic control (HbA1c>7), incidence of anaemia was measured and compared among them and also with 100 age and sex matched healthy non Diabetic controls. Results: In this study, it was found that high incidence of anaemia was found significantly higher in diabetics group with poor glycaemic control. Anemia was detected in 55% of patients among diabetic patients. Anaemia was seen in 71% of patients in group B with poor glycaemic control as compared to group A with good glycaemic control, in which only 39% of patients had anaemia. Mean haemoglobin was significantly lower that is, 10.81±3.0 in group with poor glycaemic control as compared to group with good glycaemic control i.e. 13.04±2.02. There was a statistically significant negative correllation between Haemoglobin percentage and HbA1c.Conclusion: Anaemia is a common finding in patients with diabetes. Diabetes related chronic hyperglycaemia can lead to a hypoxic environment in the renal interstitium which results in impaired production of erythropoietin by the peritubular fibroblasts and subsequently anaemia occurs. Anaemia in patients with diabetes mellitus might contribute to pathogenesis and progression of cardiovascular disease and aggravate diabetic nephropathy and retinopathy. However, an emphasis on regular screening for anaemia, alongside that for other diabetes related complications, might help to delay the progression of vascular complication in these patients.

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Validation of Neuropad in the Assessment of Peripheral Diabetic Neuropathy in Patients with Diabetes Mellitus Versus the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument, 10g Monofilament Application and Biothesiometer Measurement

Current Vascular Pharmacology ◽

10.2174/1570161117666190723155324 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 18 (5) ◽

pp. 517-522 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

Ioanna Zografou ◽

Fotios Iliadis ◽

Christos Sambanis ◽

Triantafyllos Didangelos

Keyword(s):

Diabetes Mellitus ◽

Color Change ◽

High Sensitivity ◽

Screening Instrument ◽

Perception Threshold ◽

Peripheral Diabetic Neuropathy ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Group A ◽

Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument ◽

Group B

Objective: Sudomotor dysfunction is a feature of Diabetic Peripheral Neuropathy (DPN). The indicator plaster Neuropad can provide an easy and accurate way to diagnose DPN. The aim of the present study was to evaluate Neuropad’s specificity, sensitivity and accuracy in detecting DPN in patients with Diabetes Mellitus (DM). Methods: A total of 174 patients with DM (79 with type 1 DM, 88 women), mean age 49.8 ± 16.1 years and mean DM duration 17.3 ± 7.7 years were included in the present study. The following methods were used to diagnose DPN: the Michigan Neuropathy Screening Instrument Questionnaire and Examination (MNSIQ and MNSIE, respectively), application of 10 g monofilament (MONO) and measurement of vibration perception threshold with biothesiometer (BIO). Neuropad was applied to both feet in all patients and according to the presence or absence of color change of the sticker, patients were divided in two groups: group A (n = 82, complete change in color from blue to pink, depicting normal perspiration) and group B (n = 92, incomplete or no change, depicting abnormal perspiration). Results: MNSIQ and MNSIE were positive for DPN in 111 and 119 patients, respectively. BIO was abnormal in 109 and MONO in 59 patients. Sensitivity of Neuropad testing was 95% vs. MONO, 73% vs. BIO, 73% vs. MNSIE and 75% vs. ΜNSIQ. Specificity was 69, 81, 90 and 92%, respectively and accuracy of the test was 78, 76, 78 and 83%, respectively. Conclusion: Neuropad has a high sensitivity and specificity in detecting DPN vs. MNSIQ, MNSIE and BIO. Neuropad has a high sensitivity but moderate specificity vs. MONO. The accuracy of the test was high in all measurements.

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THERAPEUTICAL DOSES OF SALBUTAMOL INHIBIT THE SOMATOTROPIC RESPONSIVENESS TO GROWTH HORMONE-RELEASING HORMONE IN ASTHMATIC CHILDREN

PEDIATRICS ◽

10.1542/peds.94.2.262b ◽

1994 ◽

Vol 94 (2) ◽

pp. 262-263

Author(s):

Hemalini Mehta ◽

Robert F. Lemanske

Keyword(s):

Growth Hormone ◽

Systemic Disease ◽

Forced Expiratory Volume ◽

Growth Hormone Releasing Hormone ◽

Assay Sensitivity ◽

Releasing Hormone ◽

Children With Asthma ◽

Group A ◽

Study Population ◽

Group B

Purpose of the Study. To determine the effects of therapeutic β2 agonists (specifically salbutamol) on growth hormone (GH) response to growth hormone releasing hormone (GHRH) in children with asthma. Study Population. Fifteen prepubertal children with asthma, ages 6-11 (average age of 9) with normal or normal short stature were studied. Those with an endocrine abnormality, nutritional deficiency, psychological deprivation, or other systemic disease were excluded. Only those children with known bronchial asthma, who showed a 15% decrease of the 1-second forced expiratory volume (FEV1) with methacholine challenge were included. All patients were asymptomatic, and had not experienced an asthma exacerbation, respiratory infection or allergen exposure in the month preceding the study. No child was on medications. Methods. Subjects were divided into two groups. Both groups had baseline GH response to GHRH determined. After an overnight fast, GH levels were obtained the following morning at -60, 0, and then every 15 minutes until 120 minutes after GHRH administration. Two days following this, Group A received salbutamol (0.125 mg/kg) orally at -60 minutes and GH response to GHRH was remeasured. Group B received aerosolized salbutamol (2 mg over 15 minutes) (details of administration were not specified by the authors). All serum GH levels were measured in duplicate by immunoradiometric assay (sensitivity of 0.1 µg/L). Findings. Basal GH levels were similar in both groups. Orally administered salbutamol (Group A) markedly inhibited GH response to GHRH (peak of 3.7 ± 0.6 vs. 18.6 ± 4.7 g/L). Inhaled salbutamol (Group B), although blunting the GHRH-induced GH response, did so to a lesser extent (peak of 20.0 ± 7.5 vs. 35.8 ± 9.4 g/L, P < .02).

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Resorbable Collagen Barrier Impeding the Extrusion of Obturating Material in Primary Molars Undergoing Resorption – A Randomized Clinical Trial

Journal of Clinical Pediatric Dentistry ◽

10.17796/1053-4625-45.5.4 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 45 (5) ◽

pp. 312-316

Author(s):

Mishra Neha Sanjeev ◽

Harsimran Kaur ◽

Sandeep Singh Mayall ◽

Rishika ◽

Ramakrishna Yeluri

Keyword(s):

Test Group ◽

Primary Molars ◽

Control Group ◽

Chi Square ◽

Significance Level ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Chi Square Test ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

And Control

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness of placing a resorbable collagen barrier in impeding the extrusion of obturation material in primary molars undergoing resorption. Study design: All the 94 canals in 47 mandibular molars were allocated to 2 groups- Group ‘A’- 47 canals with collagen barrier (Test group) and Group ‘B’- 47 canals without collagen barrier (Control group) based on randomization protocol. Pulpectomy was performed and obturation of both test and control canals were radiographically assessed. Pearson’s chi – square test was applied to analyze the results. The significance level was predetermined at p < 0.05. Results: Among the test group, 93.6% of the canals showed no extrusion while, 6.4% showed visible extrusion of the material outside the apex. In the control group, 83% showed no extrusion whereas 17% of the canals showed visible extrusion outside the apex. But no significant difference was noted (p>0.05). Conclusion: The placement of resorbable collagen barrier in the apical third of the canal prevented the extrusion of obturating material beyond the apex in resorbing primary molars.

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Diabetic Retinopathy Treated with Laser Photocoagulation and the Indirect Effect on Glycaemic Control

Journal of Diabetes Research ◽

10.1155/2014/158251 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2014 ◽

pp. 1-3 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Anna Praidou ◽

Sofia Androudi ◽

Periklis Brazitikos ◽

George Karakiulakis ◽

Eleni Papakonstantinou ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Diabetic Retinopathy ◽

Glycaemic Control ◽

Laser Treatment ◽

Laser Photocoagulation ◽

Argon Laser ◽

Previous Treatment ◽

Blood Levels ◽

Patients With Diabetes ◽

Group A ◽

Group B

Purpose. To identify any possible relation between glycaemic control and previous laser photocoagulation for diabetic retinopathy.Methods. Seventy-two patients with diabetes were included in the study and were separated into 2 groups according to previous treatment (group A) or not (group B) with argon laser photocoagulation. Glycaemic control was estimated by measuring blood levels of HbA1c in four consecutive measurements.Results. Blood levels of HbA1c in group A were significantly lower 3, 6, and 12 months after laser treatment as compared to blood levels of HbA1c before laser treatment (7.1±0.4% versus7.6±0.9%,7.2±0.2% versus7.6±0.9%, and7.1±0.2% versus7.6±0.9%, resp., allP<0.05). Blood levels of HbA1c in group B did not differ significantly in four consecutive measurements.Conclusion. Our results suggest that we should anticipate a better glycaemic control in cases of patients with diabetes previously treated with laser photocoagulation.

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Comparative study between over underlay with classical underlay techniques of tympanoplasty

International Journal of Otorhinolaryngology and Head and Neck Surgery ◽

10.18203/issn.2454-5929.ijohns20201687 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 6 (5) ◽

pp. 918

Author(s):

Prashanth Kudure Basavaraj ◽

Manjunatha H. Anandappa ◽

Veena Prabhakaran ◽

Nishtha Sharma ◽

Shreyas Karkala

Keyword(s):

Hearing Loss ◽

Informed Consent ◽

Conductive Hearing Loss ◽

Hearing Threshold ◽

Chronic Otitis Media ◽

Success Rates ◽

Hearing Improvement ◽

Group A ◽

Group B ◽

Conductive Hearing

Background: The objective of the study was to compare the over underlay tympanoplasty technique with classical underlay tympanoplasty in terms of hearing impairment, graft acceptance and complications.Methods: 60 patients of chronic otitis media, mucosal, inactive, aged between 16-60 years who presented to ENT OPD with small, medium, large and subtotal perforations having mild to moderate conductive hearing loss were included in the study. After taking informed consent, patients were randomly divided into 2 groups containing 30 patients each. In group A, graft was placed medial to the handle of malleus and medial to the annulus (underlay technique), while in group B, graft was placed lateral to the handle of malleus and medial to the annulus (over underlay technique). Both groups were reviewed after 6 months. Pre-operative and post-operative air bone gap were compared. Surgery was considered successful based on post-operative graft uptake, hearing improvement and maintenance of middle ear space. Results: In group A, re-perforation was seen in 8 cases (26.7%) whereas only 3 cases (10%) in group B had re-perforation. Medialization was noted among 4 patients in group A (13.3%), and was absent in group B. Lateralization was absent in both the groups. Post-operative hearing threshold in group A was 6.2±4.56 dB and in group B was 11.45±7.38 dB.Conclusions: Over underlay tympanoplasty is a safer technique as compared to classical underlay, showing lower rates of re-perforation or medialization and a significant improvement in hearing. Hence over-underlay is an effective method, having higher success rates.

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