Effects of Acid Washing and Additives on Qualities of Waste Lubricating Oil

In this study, the effects of blending the un-branched acrylate polymer known as Poly (n-decyl acrylate), and the branched acrylate polymer known as Poly (iso-octyl acrylate), on the viscosity index (VI), and the pour point of the Iraqi base stocks 40, and 60 respectively, were investigated. Toluene was used as a carrier solvent for both polymer types. The improvement level of oils (VI, & pour point) gained by blending the oil with the acrylate derived polymers was compared with the values of (VI, and pour point) gained by blending the oil with a commercial viscosity index, and pour point improver. The commercial lubricant additive was purchased and used by Al-Daura Refineries. It consisted of an un-known olefin copolymer dissolved in an un-known carrier solvent. All polyacrylate derivatives and the commercial lubricant additive named HITEC5748 were blended with each type of oil in weight percentage of (2, 4, 6, 8, & 10) wt. %. The result of the study was that the improvement in the viscosity index and the pour point of both base stock types was higher when using the polyacrylate derivatives than when using the commercial olefin copolymer additive.

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Study the Effect of Friendly Environmental Materials Addition on Viscosity Index and Pour Point of Engine Diesel Lubricating Oil

Journal of Al-Nahrain University-Science ◽

10.22401/jnus.21.3.12 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 21 (3) ◽

pp. 105-111

Author(s):

Taghreed Mahdi Hameed ◽

◽

Muna Mahmood Khudhair ◽

Lamyaa Adnan Abdulridha ◽

◽

...

Keyword(s):

Pour Point ◽

Viscosity Index ◽

Lubricating Oil ◽

Environmental Materials

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Pour Point Depressants and Viscosity Index Improvers for Lubricating Oil: A Mini-Review

Recent Innovations in Chemical Engineering (Formerly Recent Patents on Chemical Engineering) ◽

10.2174/2405520410666170530121312 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 10 (2) ◽

pp. 97-105

Author(s):

Guolin Jing ◽

Xudong Bian ◽

Baohua Zhang ◽

Ziyi Tu ◽

Zhengnan Sun

Keyword(s):

Pour Point ◽

Viscosity Index ◽

Lubricating Oil ◽

Pour Point Depressants ◽

Viscosity Index Improvers

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A Comparative Study of the Influence of Different Types of Polymers on Viscosity Index and Pour Point of Iraqi Base Oils

Iraqi Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering ◽

10.31699/ijcpe.2019.3.2 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 20 (3) ◽

pp. 7-13

Author(s):

Rusul F. Abdul-saheb ◽

Muhanned A. Mohammed

Keyword(s):

Comparative Study ◽

Pour Point ◽

Viscosity Index ◽

Lubricant Additive ◽

Weight Percentage ◽

Different Types ◽

Stock Types ◽

Carrier Solvent ◽

Acrylate Polymer ◽

Commercial Lubricant

In this study, the effects of blending the un-branched acrylate polymer known as Poly (n-decyl acrylate), and the branched acrylate polymer known as Poly (iso-octyl acrylate), on the viscosity index (VI), and the pour point of the Iraqi base stocks 40, and 60 respectively, were investigated. Toluene was used as a carrier solvent for both polymer types. The improvement level of oils (VI, & pour point) gained by blending the oil with the acrylate derived polymers was compared with the values of (VI, and pour point) gained by blending the oil with a commercial viscosity index, and pour point improver. The commercial lubricant additive was purchased and used by Al-Daura Refineries. It consisted of an un-known olefin copolymer dissolved in an un-known carrier solvent. All polyacrylate derivatives and the commercial lubricant additive named HITEC5748 were blended with each type of oil in weight percentage of (2, 4, 6, 8, & 10) wt. %. The result of the study was that the improvement in the viscosity index and the pour point of both base stock types was higher when using the polyacrylate derivatives than when using the commercial olefin copolymer additive.

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Jojoba modified polymers as performance modifiers additives for engine oil

Industrial Lubrication and Tribology ◽

10.1108/ilt-12-2013-0144 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 67 (5) ◽

pp. 425-433 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Nehal S. Ahmed ◽

Amal M. Nassar ◽

Rabab M. Nasser

Keyword(s):

Vinyl Acetate ◽

Pour Point ◽

Viscosity Index ◽

Vinyl Pyrrolidone ◽

Proton Nuclear Magnetic Resonance ◽

Engine Oil ◽

Lubricating Oil ◽

Content Type ◽

Pour Point Depressants ◽

Viscosity Index Improvers

Purpose – The purpose of this paper is to prepare novel types of copolymers and terpolymers depending on jojoba, and using them as additives for lubricating oil. Design/methodology/approach – Copolymerization of 1 mole of jojoba with 2 moles of vinyl acetate and copolymerization of 1 mole of jojoba with 2 moles of vinyl pyrrolidone were carried out. Then, two series of terpolymers were prepared by reacting (jojoba: vinyl acetate: alkylacrylate) and (jojoba: vinyl pyrrolidone: alkylacrylate), using free radical chain addition polymerization. Elucidation of the prepared polymers was carried out by using Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, proton nuclear magnetic resonance and gel permeation chromatography, for determination of weight average molecular weight. The thermal stability of the prepared polymers was determined. The prepared polymers were evaluated as viscosity index improvers and pour point depressants for lubricating oil. Findings – It was found that the viscosity index increases with increasing the alkyl chain length of alkylacrylate. The effect of the monomer type was studied, and it was found that the polymers depending on vinyl acetate have great effect as viscosity index improvers and pour point depressants for lubricating oil. Originality/value – The polymerization of jojoba as different copolymers and terpolymers was carried out. The great influence of the prepared additives on modification of the viscosity properties and pour point of the oil was observed.

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Assessment of Quality Parameters of Ecofriendly Biolubricant from Waste Cooking Palm Oil

Asian Journal of Applied Chemistry Research ◽

10.9734/ajacr/2018/v1i49691 ◽

2018 ◽

pp. 1-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 2

Author(s):

M. U. Dabai ◽

F. J. Owuna ◽

M. A. Sokoto ◽

A. L. Abubakar

Keyword(s):

Quality Assessment ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Pour Point ◽

Design Method ◽

Viscosity Index ◽

Acid Value ◽

Quality Parameters ◽

Lubricating Oil ◽

Engine Oils ◽

Waste Cooking Palm Oil

The use of vegetable oils as a renewable source for the production of ecofriendly biolubricant is gaining the attention of the renewable energy researchers and lubricating oil producers. This study evaluates the quality assessment parameters of ecofriendly biolubricant from waste cooking palm oil (WCPO). The crude WCPO was filtered, centrifuged at 500 rpm, and dried over Na2SO4 crystals overnight. The quality assessment parameters of the pretreated WCPO (PWCPO) were determined to authenticate its potential for the production of multigrade lubricating oils. Kinematic viscosities at 100°C (8.26±0.03 cSt) and 40°C (36.98±0.01 cSt) were determined according to ASTMD-446 method, while the viscosity index (208±0.11) was determined according to ASTMD-2270 method. A design of experiment (Mixture Design Method using Minitab 17) was used to determine the proportion of PWCPO (68.75%), SN 500 (23.75%), and additives (7.50%) that gave the mixture with the optimum quality parameters of the produced biolubricant. The produced biolubricant had kinematic viscosities at 100oC (10.72±0.13 cSt) and 40°C (59.32±0.20 cSt) respectively, a viscosity index of 173±0.10, flash point of 234±1.13°C, pour point of -31±0.10°C, acid value of 21.04±1.21 mg KOH g-1, and iodine value of 1.28±1.40 mg I2 g-1. The produced biolubricant has quality parameters that are comparable to available ecofriendly lubricating oil and was also found within standards for engine oils.

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Advanced Study of Promoted Pt /SAPO-11 Catalyst for Hydroisomerization of the n-Decane Model and Lube Oil

Iraqi Journal of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering ◽

10.31699/ijcpe.2021.2.3 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 22 (2) ◽

pp. 17-26

Author(s):

Haider Aljendeel ◽

Hussein Qasim Hussein

Keyword(s):

Pour Point ◽

Flow Reactor ◽

Viscosity Index ◽

Plug Flow ◽

Fixed Bed ◽

Space Velocity ◽

Lubricating Oil ◽

Bet Surface Area ◽

Isomerization Reaction ◽

Base Oil

SAPO-11 is synthesized from silicoaluminophosphate in the presence of di-n-propylamine as a template. The results show that the sample obtained has good crystallinity, 396m2/g BET surface area, and 0.35 cm3/g pore volume. The hydroisomerization activity of (0.25)Pt (1)Zr (0.5)W/SAPO-11 catalyst was determined using n-decane and base oil. All hydroisomerization experiments of n-decane were achieved at a fixed bed plug flow reactor at a temperature range of 200-275°C and LHSV 0.5-2h-1. The results show that the n-decane conversion increases with increasing temperature and decreasing LHSV, the maximum conversion of 66.7 % was achieved at temperature 275°C and LHSV of 0.5 h-1. Meanwhile, the same catalyst was used to improve base oil specification by increasing viscosity index and decreasing pour point. The isomerization reaction conditions, employed are temperature (200-300)ºC, the liquid hourly space velocity of 0.5-2h-1, and the pressure kept atmospheric. The present study shows that Pt Zr W/SAPO-11 minimizes the pour point of lubricating oil to -16°C at isomerization temperature of 300°C and LHSV of 0.5 h-1 and viscosity index 134.8.

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FOAMING CAN REDUCE LUBRICATION OF LUBRICANTS SO CAUSING WEAR

Scientific Contributions Oil and Gas ◽

10.29017/scog.41.3.332 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 41 (3) ◽

pp. 137-143

Author(s):

Rona Malam Karina ◽

M Hanifuddin ◽

Setyo Wibowo

Keyword(s):

Pour Point ◽

Viscosity Index ◽

Lubricating Oil ◽

Circulation System ◽

Foam Formation ◽

Undesirable Effect ◽

Oil Transportation ◽

Before And After ◽

Wear And Tear ◽

The Stability

Foaming on oil has a very undesirable effect which can cause an increase in oxidation by intensive mixture with air, damage to cavitation, and insufficient oil transportation in the lubrication circulation system which can cause poor lubrication. Adding the appropriate antifoam additives is one way to avoidfoaming. To determine the tendency of foaming formation which has an impact on the stability of the performance of lubricating oil, so that there is wear and tear in research in the laboratory by means of; 6 types of lubricating oil taken from the market are tested for viscosity, index viscosity, flash point, pour point and color. As well as to determine the effect of foam formation tested foaming tendency / stability and wear before and after antifoam added from 6 (six) types of lubricated oil obtained from the market. The result after adding antifoam additives, three types (GB, SH, and MH) of six types of lubricated oil were tested, the tendency of foaming and the wear results met the required limits, namely 0/50/0 ml for foaming tendency and maximum 0.5 mm for wear, while for 3 (three) oils, the results are not satisfying the required limits.

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Pengaruh Penambahan Minyak Kelapa dan Sawit Terhadap Sifat Fisik dan Tribologi Pelumas SAE 40

Jurnal METTEK ◽

10.24843/mettek.2019.v05.i01.p01 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 5 (1) ◽

pp. 1

Author(s):

Dedison Gasni ◽

KM Abdul Razak ◽

Ahmad Ridwan ◽

Muhammad Arif

Keyword(s):

Fatty Acids ◽

Coefficient Of Friction ◽

Tribological Properties ◽

Palm Oil ◽

Boundary Lubrication ◽

Viscosity Index ◽

Coconut Oil ◽

High Viscosity ◽

Mineral Oil ◽

Lubricating Oil

Penelitian ini bertujuan untuk mengetahui efek dari penambahan minyak kelapa dan sawit terhadap sifat fisik dan tribologi pelumas SAE 40. Vegetabel oil, seperti; minyak kelapa dan sawit, memiliki nilai viskositas indek yang tinggi dan sifat pelumasan yang baik terutama didaerah boundary lubrication jika dibandingkan dengan mineral oil (SAE 40). Hal ini disebabkan karena vegetabel oil memiliki kandungan fatty acids yang tidak dimiliki oleh mineral oil. Keunggulan lain dari minyak kelapa dan sawit adanya sifat yang ramah lingkungan karena mudah terurai di alam dan dapat diperbaharui. Pada penelitian ini sifat yang baik dari minyak kelapa dan sawit ini akan dimanfaatkan sebagai zat aditif pada minyak pelumas SAE 40. Pengujian dilakukan terhadap sifat fisik dan tribology dengan penambahan 5%, 10%, 15%, dan 20% berat dari minyak kelapa dan sawit ke dalam minyak pelumas SAE 40. Pengujian sifat fisik terdiri dari pengukuran viskositas pada temperatur 400C dan 1000C dan viskositas index. Pengujian sifat tribologi untuk menentukan keausan dan koefisien gesek berdasarkan ASTM G99 dengan menggunakan alat uji pin on disk. Dari hasil pengujian diperoleh bahwa dengan penambahan minyak kelapa dan sawit kedalam minyak pelumas SAE 40 terjadi peningkatan viskositas indeks. Peningkatan viskositas indeks sebanyak 17% dengan penambahan 20% minyak sawit. Terjadi perubahan sifat tribologi dengan penambahan minyak sawit, berupa penurunan keausan dan nilai koefisien gesek dibandingkan dengan penambahan minyak kelapa. This study aims to determine the effect of coconut and palm oils as additives to physical and tribological properties of SAE 40 lubricating oil . Vegetable oils, such as; coconut oil and palm oil, have high viscosity index and good lubrication properties, especially in boundary lubrication compared to mineral oil. This is due to vegetable oil having fatty acids that are not owned by mineral oil. The advantages of coconut oil and palm oil are environmentally friendly properties because they are biodegradable and renewable. In this study, the good properties of coconut and palm oils will be used as additives in SAE 40 lubricating oil. Tests are carried out on the physical and tribological properties with the addition of 5%, 10%, 15%, and 20% by weight of coconut and palm oils into SAE 40 lubricating oil. Physical properties testing consists of measuring viscosity at temperatures of 400C and 1000C and viscosity index. The tribological test is to determine wear and coefficient of friction based on ASTM G99 using a pin on disc test equipment. From the test results, it was found that coconut and palm oils as additives into SAE 40 lubricating oil could increase in viscosity index. The increase of the viscosity index was 17% by adding 20% of palm oil. There was a change of tribological properties in the form of decreasing on the wear and the coefficient of friction with the addition of palm oil compare to addition of coconut oil.

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