ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BACTERIA FROM KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS AFFECTED CATTLE WITH THEIR PATHOGENICITY AND <i>IN VITRO</i> ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY

Isolation and characterization with antibiotic sensitivity of the bacteria in the eye swab of 34 keratoconjunctivitis affected cattle were carried out on the basis of their morphology, staining, cultural and biochemical properties during the period from October 1999 to March 2000. Staphylococcus spp. (76.5%), Streptococcus spp. (38.2%), E. coli (52.9%), Bacillus spp. (70.6%), unidentified Gram positive cocci (5.9%) and unidentified Gram negative rods (20.6%) were identified as a single or mixed infection. Pathogenicity study of these isolated organisms showed conjunctivitis associated with Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Bacillus spp. and E. coli in experimentally inoculated mice whereas unidentified Gram positive cocci did not show any conjunctivitis in mice. The mixed intraocular inoculation of these isolated bacteria produced severe keratoconjunctivitis within 24 hours both in mice and calves. Results of antibiotic sensitivity test showed that all types of bacterial isolates were found highly sensitive to oxytetracyclin (80-100%) and chloramphenicol (70-100%). Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp. and Bacillus spp. were moderately susceptible to streptomycin (69.56%), trisulfa (60%) and trisulfa (80%) respectively. It may be concluded that among the tested antibiotics, oxytetracyclin may have the preference in clinical therapy of keratoconjunctivitis in cattle caused by bacteria in Bangladesh.

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Isolation and Characterization of Microflora from Human Urine

Microbes and Health ◽

10.3329/mh.v2i1.17257 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 2 (1) ◽

pp. 15-18

Author(s):

Kohinoor Parvin ◽

Nahid Rahman ◽

M Mostafizur Rahman ◽

M Alimul Islam

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Human Urine ◽

Bacterial Flora ◽

Research Work ◽

Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽

Diabetic Patients ◽

E Coli ◽

Isolation And Characterization ◽

Bacillus Spp ◽

Staphylococcus Spp

The research work was conducted to isolate & characterized the bacteria isolated from mid-stream urine of human. A total of 30 samples were collected from patients with urinary tract infection (n=10samples); diabetic patients (n=10samples) & apparently healthy individuals (n=10samples). Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus spp. and Bacillus spp. was the predominant bacterial flora of human urine. Among the isolates, the prevalence of Escherichia coli was highest (80%) compared to Staphylococcus spp.(14%) and Bacillus spp.(6%). E. coli isolated from 6 different sources were found to be highly virulent, moderately virulent, less virulent and avirulent categories as observed in day-old suckling mice. Antibiotic sensitivity profiles suggest that nalidixic acid will be the first drugs of choice to treat the UTI caused by E. coli and arythromycin, ampicillin and azithromycin will be the second drugs of choice to treat the UTI caused by Staphylococcus spp and Bacillus spp. respectively. Microbes and Health, June 2013, 2(1): 15-18DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/mh.v2i1.17257

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Estimation of microbiological propagation and antimicrobial traits of the frequently accessible flowers

Stamford Journal of Microbiology ◽

10.3329/sjm.v4i1.22756 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 19-23 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Marufa Sharmin ◽

Kamal Kanta Das ◽

Mrityunjoy Acharjee

Keyword(s):

Pathogenic Bacteria ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Salmonella Spp ◽

E Coli ◽

Pseudomonas Spp ◽

Bacillus Spp ◽

Almost All ◽

Staphylococcus Spp ◽

Klebsiella Spp

Present study portrayed a complete microbiological profile of commonly available flowers including Rosa kordesii, Gladiolus hybrid, Acmella oleracea, Nyctanthes arbortristis and Pseudomussaenda flava which were randomly collected from Dhaka city, Bangladesh. The microbial contamination was quantified up to 108 cfu/g. Exploration of specific pathogenic bacteria was estimated within the range of 103 to 108 cfu/g of which Pseudomonas spp. was found in G. hybrid, A. oleracea and P. flava (~106 cfu/g), whereas Escherichia coli and Staphylococcal contamination was evident in almost all samples up to 108 cfu/g. The in vitro antimicrobial activities of the flower extracts were notable against most of the test bacteria. The ethanolic extracts of R. kordesii showed anti-bacterial activity against most of the bacteria except E. coli and Salmonella spp. G. hybrid extracts showed activity against Klebsiella spp. and Bacillus spp., A. oleracea against E. coli, Pseudomonas spp., Bacillus spp., Klebsiella spp., Staphylococcus spp. and Salmonella spp., P. flava against Pseudomonas spp. and Bacillus spp., and N. arbortristis against Bacillus spp. The methanol extracts of G. hybrid possessed activity against E. coli, Listeria spp. and Pseudomonas spp., N. arbortristis extracts against E. coli, Vibrio spp., Bacillus spp., Klebsiella spp. and Staphylococcus spp., P. flava extracts against E. coli. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/sjm.v4i1.22756 Stamford Journal of Microbiology, Vol.4(1) 2014: 19-23

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In vitro antimicrobial activities and spectra of U-100592 and U-100766, two novel fluorinated oxazolidinones.

Antimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy ◽

10.1128/aac.40.3.720 ◽

1996 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

pp. 720-726 ◽

Cited By ~ 94

Author(s):

R N Jones ◽

D M Johnson ◽

M E Erwin

Keyword(s):

Narrow Range ◽

Antimicrobial Activities ◽

Therapeutic Agents ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Vancomycin Resistant Enterococci ◽

The Family ◽

Bacillus Spp ◽

Vancomycin Resistant ◽

Staphylococcus Spp

Two new fluorinated oxazolidinones, U-100592 and U-100766, were evaluated against more than 659 gram-positive and -negative organisms and compared with glycopeptides, erythromycin, clindamycin, clinafloxacin, and chloramphenicol. U-100592 and U-100766 were usually equally potent, but the MICs at which 90% of the isolates are inhibited (MIC90s) of U-100592 for some staphylococci and enterococci were slightly lower than those of U-100766 (1 versus 2 micrograms/ml). The MIC90 of U-100592 and U-100766 for oxacillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus was 2 micrograms/ml, the same as observed for oxacillin-susceptible strains. The oxazolidinone MICs for other Staphylococcus spp. were < or = 2 micrograms/ml (MIC50, 0.5 to 1 microgram/ml). All enterococci were inhibited by < or = 4 and < or = 2 micrograms of U-100592 and U-100766 per ml, respectively. Against 152 vancomycin-resistant enterococci (five species), both compounds had a narrow range of MICs (0.25 to 2 micrograms/ml) and a MIC90 of 1 microgram/ml. Corynebacterium jeikeium, Bacillus spp., and all tested streptococci were inhibited (< or = 4 micrograms/ml). Members of the family Enterobacteriaceae and other gram-negative bacilli were not susceptible (MIC50, > 64 micrograms/ml) to either oxazolidinone. Three potencies of U-100592 and U-100766 disks were tested (5, 15, and 30 micrograms), and acceptable correlations (r = 0.81 to 0.90) with the measured MICs were observed. Best discrimination of the tentatively susceptible organisms (MICs, < or = 4 micrograms/ml) was demonstrated with the 30-micrograms disk concentration. The oxazolidinones demonstrated a dominant bacteristatic action. These oxazolidinones (U-100592 and U-100766) appear promising for treatment of gram-positive organisms that demonstrate resistance to contemporary therapeutic agents.

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Cytological and Microbiological Analysis of Canine Otitis Externa

Indian Journal of Animal Research ◽

10.18805/ijar.b-3882 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

V V Karnad ◽

K Jeyaraja ◽

K Vijayarani ◽

S Vairamuthu ◽

S Subapriya ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽

Inflammatory Cells ◽

Microbiological Analysis ◽

Sensitivity Testing ◽

Universal Primer ◽

Malassezia Pachydermatis ◽

Effective Response ◽

E Coli ◽

Bacillus Spp ◽

Staphylococcus Spp

The ear discharge of fifteen dogs was examined for cytological and microbiological evaluation along with antibiotic sensitivity testing. The ear discharge of ten healthy dogs was also analyzed for comparative data. Cytological analysis showed that inflammatory cells and rod shaped organisms in highly infected cases. Otic microbiota in healthy cases revealed Bacillus spp. and Staphylococcus spp., while in clinical cases Pseudomonas spp., E coli, Klebsiella spp. and Alcaligenes spp., were also identified by using universal primer 16S rRNA PCR. The yeast Malassezia pachydermatis was isolated from ear discharge of all dogs. Among the anti – microbial drugs tested, Gentamicin had the most effective response against the otic microbes, followed by ciprofloxacin while neomycin had the least

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Isolation, identification and antibiogram profiles of enterovirulent Escherichia coli from diarrhoeic goat in some selected areas of Rangpur district of Bangladesh

Asian Journal of Medical and Biological Research ◽

10.3329/ajmbr.v4i1.36819 ◽

2018 ◽

Vol 4 (1) ◽

pp. 36-43 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Md Rashed Kamal ◽

Md Fakhruzzaman ◽

Mir Rowshan Akter ◽

Md Atiqul Haque

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽

Biochemical Properties ◽

Diffusion Method ◽

Gram Stain ◽

Disk Diffusion Method ◽

E Coli ◽

First Choice ◽

Antibiotic Sensitivity Test ◽

Metallic Sheen

Enterovirulent Escherichia coli remain as an important etiological agent of goat diarrhoea in Bangladesh. The present study was designed with a view to isolate and identifies E. coli from field cases. For this purpose, a total of 135 faecal samples (85 from diarrhoeic and 50 from apparently healthy goat) were collected during the period from January 2012 to July 2012 from different areas in Rangpur District. It was found that the prevalence of E. coli was higher (18.82 %) in diarrhoeic goats while it was lower (14.00 %) in non diarrhoeic goats. Age wise distribution of E. coli isolates were 26.42% in day old to 1 year, 10.53% in 1-2 years and 11.36% in above 2 years age of goat respectively. All the isolates of E. coli revealed greenish black colony with metallic sheen in Eosine methylene blue agar, bright pink color smooth transparent colony in MacConkey agar and slight pinkish smooth colony in Salmonella-Shigella agar. Gram stain and hanging drop techniques were performed with the cultured bacteria. Biochemical properties of the isolates were studied, and antibiotic sensitivity test was done by agar disk diffusion method. In Gram stain, the organisms revealed Gram negative, small rod shaped, occurs singly or paired. Biochemically, all of the isolates showed fermentation of dextrose, sucrose and maltose with the production of acid and gas, negative result to Voges-Proskauer test, positive result to Methylred test and differential result to Indol test. All the isolates of E. coli were highly sensitive to ciprofloxacin and gentamicin while moderately sensitive to colistin, livofloxacin and azithromycin and less sensitive to ceftraexon and tetracyclin and resistant to amoxycillin, ampicillin, erythromycin, and neomycin. Therefore, ciprofloxacin and gentamicin may be the antibiotics of first choice, and colistin, livofloxacin and azithromycin may be the second choice among the test antibiotics for the treatment of illness caused by these bacteria.Asian J. Med. Biol. Res. March 2018, 4(1): 36-43

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MICROBIAL PATTERN AND ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY TEST OF HOSPITALIZED CHILDREN

Folia Medica Indonesiana ◽

10.20473/fmi.v51i3.2837 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 51 (3) ◽

pp. 190

Author(s):

John Wiwin ◽

IGAA Putri Sri Rejeki

Keyword(s):

Blood Culture ◽

Rectal Swab ◽

Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽

Sensitivity Test ◽

Sensitivity Testing ◽

Gram Positive ◽

Gram Negative ◽

E Coli ◽

Oncology Ward ◽

Gram Positive Cocci

Infection often occurs in children with malignant hematology and causes morbidity and mortality in the children. Antibiotics given must be based on culture results and antibiotic sensitivity testing. This study was aimed to obtain the microbial pattern and sensitivity test in children hospitalized in the Hemato-Oncology Ward, dr. Soetomo Hospital from September 2012 - February 2013. This was a descriptive study. Data were obtained from the patients’ medical records in Dr. Soetomo Hospital. There were 341 culture examinations (blood, urine, rectum swab, faecal, and others) from 88 patients (44 males and 44 females). Most of patients´ age was < 5 years (58%) and suffered from ALL (50%).There were microbial (83 of culture) and yeast (15 of culture) growth out of 98 cultures. Escherichia coli, Burkholderia cefacea, and Klebsiella oxytoca (Gram negative) dan CONS, Stapyloccocus aureus, and Stapylococcus sapropyticus (gram positive) were found in blood culture. S. aureus (gram positive) and E. coli, Klebsiella pneumoniae, and B. cefacea (gram negative) were found in urine culture. Only E. coli was found in rectal swab culture. CONS of gram positive cocci were mostly found in blood culture of children hospitalized in Hemato-Oncology Ward, Dr. Soetomo Hospital. E. coli was the mostly found gram negative rods. Gram positive cocci showed a high resistant to penicillin and co-trimoxazole. E. coli, mostly found in rectal swab and urine, has a high sensitivity to amikacin and meropenem, but highly resistant to ampicillin and ampicillin sulbactam.

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Isolation and characterization of Escherichia coli serotype O157:H7 and other verotoxin-producing E. coli in healthy Indian cattle

Veterinary World ◽

10.14202/vetworld.2020.2269-2274 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 13 (10) ◽

pp. 2269-2274

Author(s):

Dasharath B. Shinde ◽

Surbhi Singhvi ◽

Santosh S. Koratkar ◽

Sunil D. Saroj

Keyword(s):

Escherichia Coli ◽

Public Awareness ◽

Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽

Penicillin G ◽

Post Inoculation ◽

E Coli ◽

Isolation And Characterization ◽

Increased Risk ◽

Healthy Cattle

Background and Aim: Cattle are the main reservoir of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and other verotoxigenic E. coli (VTEC); therefore, there is an increased risk of infection to humans by either direct or indirect mode of transmissions. However, the prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 in the healthy cattle population of India is yet to be ascertained. This study aimed to screen the dairy cattle in and around Pune, Maharashtra, India, for verotoxin-producing E. coli O157:H7. Materials and Methods: A total of 257 rectal swabs were collected from 15 different organized and unorganized dairy farms of Pune during the period, January-March 2015. The screening involved enrichment in EC broth followed by differential identification on MacConkey sorbitol agar. The presumptive positive isolates were further confirmed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primers specific to rfbE (O157), fliC (H7), VT1 (MK1), and VT2 (MK2). Vero-toxicity and antibiotic sensitivity were examined in PCR confirmed isolates. Results: Out of the 257 samples analyzed, 1.9% (2/105) were positive for O157:H7 and 39% (41/105) were positive for VTEC. Two PCR confirmed positive O157:H7 strains and two randomly selected PCR-positive VT strains exhibited in vitro cytopathic effect on Vero cells on day-7 post-inoculation. Antibiotic sensitivity profiling of O157:H7 strains exhibited resistance against penicillin G, kanamycin, ampicillin, tetracycline, gentamycin, cefotaxime, streptomycin, and piperacillin. Conclusion: These findings reveal the presence of pathogenic E. coli O157:H7 in the healthy cattle of Pune; in a situation, wherein regular surveillance for O157:H7 is not a norm. Therefore, the findings presented herein warrant routine surveillance and public awareness to prevent the transfer of such pathogens and manage health risks to the public.

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Incidence of resistant mastitis in dairy cows in Tamil Nadu, India

Journal of Applied and Natural Science ◽

10.31018/jans.v7i1.606 ◽

2015 ◽

Vol 7 (1) ◽

pp. 304-308

Author(s):

D. Chandrasekaran ◽

A. P. Nambil ◽

P. S. Thirunavukkarasu ◽

P. Venkatesan ◽

K. G. Tirumurugaan ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Dairy Cows ◽

Tamil Nadu ◽

Methicillin Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus ◽

Early Stage ◽

Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽

E Coli ◽

Holstein Friesian ◽

Antibiotic Sensitivity Test

The incidence of resistant mastitis in dairy cows in Tamil Nadu, India was 56.l %. The predominant resistant causative pathogen was Escherichia coli (50.64 %) followed by Staphylococcus aureus (44.25 %) and Methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus (5.11 %). Incidence of resistant mastitis was high in Holstein Friesian cross breed followed by Jersey cross breed and non descript. Highest incidence was observed in early stage of third lactation. In vitro antibiotic sensitivity test revealed the E. coli, S. aureus and MRSA organisms showed more sensitivity to enrofloxacin, amoxicillin+sulbactam, gentamicin and ceftriaxone and had highest resistant to penicillin followed by amoxicillin, oxytetracycline and methicillin. The study highlights the need for preventing the indiscriminate use of antibiotics.

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