scholarly journals Isolation and Characterization of Microflora from Human Urine

2014 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 15-18
Author(s):  
Kohinoor Parvin ◽  
Nahid Rahman ◽  
M Mostafizur Rahman ◽  
M Alimul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Human Urine ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp

The research work was conducted to isolate & characterized the bacteria isolated from mid-stream urine of human. A total of 30 samples were collected from patients with urinary tract infection (n=10samples); diabetic patients (n=10samples) & apparently healthy individuals (n=10samples). Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus spp. and Bacillus spp. was the predominant bacterial flora of human urine. Among the isolates, the prevalence of Escherichia coli was highest (80%) compared to Staphylococcus spp.(14%) and Bacillus spp.(6%). E. coli isolated from 6 different sources were found to be highly virulent, moderately virulent, less virulent and avirulent categories as observed in day-old suckling mice. Antibiotic sensitivity profiles suggest that nalidixic acid will be the first drugs of choice to treat the UTI caused by E. coli and arythromycin, ampicillin and azithromycin will be the second drugs of choice to treat the UTI caused by Staphylococcus spp and Bacillus spp. respectively. Microbes and Health, June 2013, 2(1): 15-18DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/mh.v2i1.17257

scholarly journals ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF BACTERIA FROM KERATOCONJUNCTIVITIS AFFECTED CATTLE WITH THEIR PATHOGENICITY AND IN VITRO ANTIBIOTIC SENSITIVITY

2012 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-31
Author(s):  
M Rahamatunnabi ◽  
MR Ali ◽  
MA Islam ◽  
MT Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Biochemical Properties ◽  
Gram Positive ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity Test ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp ◽  
Gram Positive Cocci

Isolation and characterization with antibiotic sensitivity of the bacteria in the eye swab of 34 keratoconjunctivitis affected cattle were carried out on the basis of their morphology, staining, cultural and biochemical properties during the period from October 1999 to March 2000. Staphylococcus spp. (76.5%), Streptococcus spp. (38.2%), E. coli (52.9%), Bacillus spp. (70.6%), unidentified Gram positive cocci (5.9%) and unidentified Gram negative rods (20.6%) were identified as a single or mixed infection. Pathogenicity study of these isolated organisms showed conjunctivitis associated with Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp., Bacillus spp. and E. coli in experimentally inoculated mice whereas unidentified Gram positive cocci did not show any conjunctivitis in mice. The mixed intraocular inoculation of these isolated bacteria produced severe keratoconjunctivitis within 24 hours both in mice and calves. Results of antibiotic sensitivity test showed that all types of bacterial isolates were found highly sensitive to oxytetracyclin (80-100%) and chloramphenicol (70-100%). Staphylococcus spp., Streptococcus spp. and Bacillus spp. were moderately susceptible to streptomycin (69.56%), trisulfa (60%) and trisulfa (80%) respectively. It may be concluded that among the tested antibiotics, oxytetracyclin may have the preference in clinical therapy of keratoconjunctivitis in cattle caused by bacteria in Bangladesh. 

scholarly journals ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ESCHERICHIA COLI FROM BUFFALO CALVES IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF BANGLADESH

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
SK Paul ◽  
MSR Khan ◽  
MA Rashid ◽  
J Hassan ◽  
SMS Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Rectal Swab ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Buffalo Calves ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Highly Sensitive

The research works was conducted with a view to isolate and identify the Escherichia coli (E. coli) organism from diarrhoeic cases of buffalo reared in selected areas of Bangladesh as well the prevalence and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of the isolated E. coli in the Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh-2202 during the period from April 2008 to May 2009. A total of 50 rectal swab samples were collected from 4 different places namely Haluaghat and Boira of Mymensingh, Madupur of Tangail and Kazipur of Sirajgonj districts. The samples were aseptically carried to the laboratory of the Department of Microbiology and Hygiene and subjected to different cultural, morphological and biochemical examinations. Upon cultural, morphological and biochemical examinations 23 (45%) samples were found to be positive for E. coli. The highest prevalence was found in Haluaghat, Mymensingh (53.33%) and the lowest (40.00%) in Boira, Mymensingh and Kazipur, Sirajganj. Antibiogram study revealed that the isolated E. coli was highly sensitive to Enrofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin, moderately sensitive to Cefalexin and Amoxicillin, and resistant to Nalidixic acid and Erythromycin. DOI = 10.3329/bjvm.v8i1.7398 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2010). 8(1): 23-26

Cytological and Microbiological Analysis of Canine Otitis Externa

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
V V Karnad ◽  
K Jeyaraja ◽  
K Vijayarani ◽  
S Vairamuthu ◽  
S Subapriya ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Inflammatory Cells ◽  
Microbiological Analysis ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Universal Primer ◽  
Malassezia Pachydermatis ◽  
Effective Response ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp

The ear discharge of fifteen dogs was examined for cytological and microbiological evaluation along with antibiotic sensitivity testing. The ear discharge of ten healthy dogs was also analyzed for comparative data. Cytological analysis showed that inflammatory cells and rod shaped organisms in highly infected cases. Otic microbiota in healthy cases revealed Bacillus spp. and Staphylococcus spp., while in clinical cases Pseudomonas spp., E coli, Klebsiella spp. and Alcaligenes spp., were also identified by using universal primer 16S rRNA PCR. The yeast Malassezia pachydermatis was isolated from ear discharge of all dogs. Among the anti – microbial drugs tested, Gentamicin had the most effective response against the otic microbes, followed by ciprofloxacin while neomycin had the least

scholarly journals Isolation and Identification of Bacterial Flora from Internal Organs of Broiler and Their Antibiogram Studies

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 72-75 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sampa Rani Roy ◽  
Md Bahanur Rahman ◽  
Jayedul Hassan ◽  
KHM Nazmul Hussain Nazir
Keyword(s):  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Research Work ◽  
Easy Access ◽  
Sample Type ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Internal Organs ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Bacillus Spp

The present research work was carried out for the isolation and identification of bacterial flora from internal organs of broiler during the period from January 2012 to June 2012. Ten Hubbard classic broiler bird were purchased from retail market in Mymensingh, Bangladesh. The birds were sacrificed and their liver, lung, esophagus, duodenum and tracheal swab samples were collected (n=50). Using standard bacteriological techniques, Escherichia coli was isolated from 26 (52%) samples. Similarly, Salmonella spp., Staphylococcus spp., Bacillus spp., and Pasteurella spp. were isolated from 15 (30%), 10 (20%), 9 (18%) and 4 (8%) samples, respectively. On the basis of individual sample type, E. coli could be isolated from 8 (80%) duodenum samples being the most prevalent organism. On the other hand, Salmonella spp., Staphylococci spp., Bacillus spp. and Pasteurella spp. were identified in 5 (50%) lungs, 5 (50%) liver, 4 (40%) duodenum and 2 (20%) lungs samples, respectively. Among these isolated bacteria, E. coli was found to be pathogenic for mice. Antibiogram studies revealed that Ciprofloxacin was highly sensitive against all the isolated bacteria. Diversified bacterial species are prevalent in broiler. However, E. coli and Salmonella spp. infection might make the bird vulnerable for easy access of infection. Proper vaccination and use of selective antibiotics are crucial in protecting broilers from these pathogens. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/mh.v1i2.14094 Microbes and Health, 2012 1(2): 72-75

scholarly journals Isolation and characterization of Escherichia coli serotype O157:H7 and other verotoxin-producing E. coli in healthy Indian cattle

2020 ◽  
Vol 13 (10) ◽  
pp. 2269-2274
Author(s):  
Dasharath B. Shinde ◽  
Surbhi Singhvi ◽  
Santosh S. Koratkar ◽  
Sunil D. Saroj
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Public Awareness ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Penicillin G ◽  
Post Inoculation ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Increased Risk ◽  
Healthy Cattle

Background and Aim: Cattle are the main reservoir of Escherichia coli O157:H7 and other verotoxigenic E. coli (VTEC); therefore, there is an increased risk of infection to humans by either direct or indirect mode of transmissions. However, the prevalence of E. coli O157:H7 in the healthy cattle population of India is yet to be ascertained. This study aimed to screen the dairy cattle in and around Pune, Maharashtra, India, for verotoxin-producing E. coli O157:H7. Materials and Methods: A total of 257 rectal swabs were collected from 15 different organized and unorganized dairy farms of Pune during the period, January-March 2015. The screening involved enrichment in EC broth followed by differential identification on MacConkey sorbitol agar. The presumptive positive isolates were further confirmed by multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) using primers specific to rfbE (O157), fliC (H7), VT1 (MK1), and VT2 (MK2). Vero-toxicity and antibiotic sensitivity were examined in PCR confirmed isolates. Results: Out of the 257 samples analyzed, 1.9% (2/105) were positive for O157:H7 and 39% (41/105) were positive for VTEC. Two PCR confirmed positive O157:H7 strains and two randomly selected PCR-positive VT strains exhibited in vitro cytopathic effect on Vero cells on day-7 post-inoculation. Antibiotic sensitivity profiling of O157:H7 strains exhibited resistance against penicillin G, kanamycin, ampicillin, tetracycline, gentamycin, cefotaxime, streptomycin, and piperacillin. Conclusion: These findings reveal the presence of pathogenic E. coli O157:H7 in the healthy cattle of Pune; in a situation, wherein regular surveillance for O157:H7 is not a norm. Therefore, the findings presented herein warrant routine surveillance and public awareness to prevent the transfer of such pathogens and manage health risks to the public.

Viability and survival capability of quinolone-resistant uropathogenic Escherichia coli

2010 ◽  
Vol 5 (6) ◽  
pp. 827-830
Author(s):  
Georgi Slavchev ◽  
Nadya Markova
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Expression System ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Uropathogenic Escherichia Coli ◽  
Resistant Bacteria ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Serum Bactericidal Assay ◽  
Tract Infections ◽  
Macrophage Killing

AbstractUropathogenic strains of E. coli isolated from urine of patients with urinary tract infections were tested for antibiotic sensitivity using bio-Merieux kits and ATB-UR 5 expression system. The virulence of strains was evaluated by serum bactericidal assay, macrophage “killing” and bacterial adhesive tests. Survival capability of strains was assessed under starvation in saline. The results showed that quinolone-resistant uropathogenic strains of E. coli exhibit significantly reduced adhesive potential but relatively high resistance to serum and macrophage bactericidity. In contrast to laboratory strains, the quinolone-resistant uropathogenic clinical isolate demonstrated increased viability during starvation in saline. Our study suggests that quinolone-resistant uropathogenic strains are highly adaptable clones of E. coli, which can exhibit compensatory viability potential under unfavorable conditions. The clinical occurrence of such phenotypes is likely to contribute to the survival, persistence and spread strategy of resistant bacteria.

Inhibition of Escherichia coli Translocation from the Gastrointestinal Tract by Normal Cecal Flora in Gnotobiotic or Antibiotic-Decontaminated Mice

1980 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 1073-1081
Author(s):  
Rodney D. Berg
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Gastrointestinal Tract ◽  
Lymph Nodes ◽  
Bacterial Flora ◽  
Specific Pathogen Free ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph Nodes ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Mesenteric Lymph ◽  
Specific Pathogen ◽  
Gnotobiotic Mice

Escherichia coli C25 maintained population levels of 10 9 to 10 10 per g of cecum and translocated to 100% of the middle mesenteric lymph nodes in gnotobiotic mice monoassociated with E. coli C25. Intragastric inoculation of these mice with the cecal contents from specific-pathogen-free mice reduced the population levels of E. coli C25 to 10 6 per g of cecum and completely inhibited translocation to the mesenteric lymph nodes. Intragastric inoculation with heat-treated, Formalintreated, or filtered cecal contents did not reduce the population levels of E. coli C25 or reduce the incidence of translocation of E. coli C25 to the mesenteric lymph nodes. Thus, viable bacteria apparently are required in the cecal contents inocula to reduce the population levels and the incidence of translocation of E. coli C25. Treatment with streptomycin plus bacitracin decreased the anaerobic bacterial levels in these gnotobiotic mice, allowing increased population levels of E. coli C25 and increased translocation to the mesenteric lymph nodes. E. coli C25 also translocated to the mesenteric lymph nodes of specific-pathogen-free mice treated with streptomycin and bacitracin before colonization with E. coli C25. The high cecal population levels of E. coli C25 in these antibiotic-decontaminated specific-pathogen-free mice apparently overwhelm any barrier to translocation exerted by the immunologically developed lamina propria of the specific-pathogen-free mice. Inoculation of gnotobiotic mice with a cecal flora also reduced the population levels of an indigenous strain of E. coli with a concomitant inhibition of translocation of the indigenous E. coli to the mesenteric lymph nodes. Thus, bacterial antagonism of the gastrointestinal population levels of certain indigenous bacteria, such as E. coli , by other members of the normal bacterial flora appears to be an important defense mechanism confining bacteria to the gastrointestinal tract.

scholarly journals Isolation and characterization of escherichia coli in ready-to-eat foods vended in Islamic University, Kushtia

1970 ◽  
Vol 18 ◽  
pp. 99-103 ◽  
Author(s):  
S Biswas ◽  
MAK Parvez ◽  
M Shafiquzzaman ◽  
S Nahar ◽  
MN Rahman
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Pattern Analysis ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Rflp Pattern ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Fish Meat ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Food Borne ◽  
Identification And Characterization

Context: Escherichia coli is shed in the feces of warm blooded animals and humans and thus potential for public health. Detection and characterization of E. coli in the ready-to-eat (RTE) foods concerns due to their presence indicates fecal contamination of the food.   Objective: To identify, characterize and RFLP pattern analysis of E. coli isolated from RTE foods vended in Islamic University campus, Kushtia.   Materials and Methods: Fifty samples from four types of consumed foods in six student halls of residence, some temporary restaurants of Islamic University, Kushtia were assessed for bacterial contamination by standard methods. Identification and characterization of E. coli isolates were performed using IMViC tests. Genomic DNA was used to perform RFLP pattern analysis.   Results: Thirty seven out of 50 (74%) examined samples of RTE foods had E. coli contamination. The highest number of E. coli was isolated from vegetable oriented RTE foods (90.90%) and fish, meat and cereals samples were also significantly E. coli positive. RFLP profiling of two E. coli isolates were observed.   Conclusion: The results of this study provide evidence that some RTE foods had unsatisfactory levels of contamination with E. coli. Thus street vended RTE food could be important potential vehicles for food-borne diseases. Molecular characterization may be exploited to identify food borne pathogen among different species.  Keywords: Ready-to-eat foods; Escherichia coli; RFLP pattern DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jbs.v18i0.8783 JBS 2010; 18(0): 99-103

scholarly journals High Levels of Antibiotic Resistance in Isolates From Diseased Livestock

2021 ◽  
Vol 8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Asyiqin Haulisah ◽  
Latiffah Hassan ◽  
Siti Khairani Bejo ◽  
Saleh Mohammed Jajere ◽  
Nur Indah Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Clinical Isolates ◽  
Situational Analysis ◽  
Sensitivity Testing ◽  
Resistance Level ◽  
Diagnostic Laboratory ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Livestock Health ◽  
High Level

Overuse of antimicrobials in livestock health and production beyond therapeutic needs has been highlighted in recent years as one of the major risk factors for the acceleration of antimicrobial resistance (AMR) of bacteria in both humans and animals. While there is an abundance of reports on AMR in clinical isolates from humans, information regarding the patterns of resistance in clinical isolates from animals is scarce. Hence, a situational analysis of AMR based on clinical isolates from a veterinary diagnostic laboratory was performed to examine the extent and patterns of resistance demonstrated by isolates from diseased food animals. Between 2015 and 2017, 241 cases of diseased livestock were received. Clinical specimens from ruminants (cattle, goats and sheep), and non-ruminants (pigs and chicken) were received for culture and sensitivity testing. A total of 701 isolates were recovered from these specimens. From ruminants, Escherichia coli (n = 77, 19.3%) predominated, followed by Staphylococcus aureus (n = 73, 18.3%). Antibiotic sensitivity testing (AST) revealed that E. coli resistance was highest for penicillin, streptomycin, and neomycin (77–93%). In addition, S. aureus was highly resistant to neomycin, followed by streptomycin and ampicillin (68–82%). More than 67% of E. coli isolates were multi-drug resistant (MDR) and only 2.6% were susceptible to all the tested antibiotics. Similarly, 65.6% of S. aureus isolates were MDR and only 5.5% were susceptible to all tested antibiotics. From non-ruminants, a total of 301 isolates were recovered. Escherichia coli (n = 108, 35.9%) and Staphylococcus spp. (n = 27, 9%) were the most frequent isolates obtained. For E. coli, the highest resistance was against amoxicillin, erythromycin, tetracycline, and neomycin (95–100%). Staphylococcus spp. had a high level of resistance to streptomycin, trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole, tetracycline and gentamicin (80–100%). The MDR levels of E. coli and Staphylococcus spp. isolates from non-ruminants were 72.2 and 74.1%, respectively. Significantly higher resistance level were observed among isolates from non-ruminants compared to ruminants for tetracycline, amoxicillin, enrofloxacin, and trimethoprim/sulfamethoxazole.

scholarly journals Evaluation of sanitary quality of goat milk in dairy industries from the Cariri region, state of Paraíba

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (12) ◽  
pp. e596101220735
Author(s):  
Iara Nunes de Siqueira ◽  
Aline Antas Cordeiro Cavalcanti ◽  
Joyce Galvão de Souza ◽  
Filipe Jordão Pereira de Medeiros ◽  
João Carlos Taveira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Listeria Monocytogenes ◽  
Pathogenic Bacteria ◽  
Goat Milk ◽  
Salmonella Spp ◽  
Pasteurized Milk ◽  
Enterococcus Spp ◽  
Bacillus Spp ◽  
Thermotolerant Coliforms ◽  
Staphylococcus Spp

The sanitary evaluation of equipment and hands is fundamental to investigate the presence of pathogens in the dairy industry. Then, this study aims to evaluate the sanitization of equipment, workers’ hands, raw and pasteurized milk in goat milk dairies in the Cariri region, state of Paraíba.  Collected 32 samples of four dairies represented by letters A, B, C, and D. The followings contents were analyzed: mesophiles, total and thermotolerant coliforms, Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, Samonella spp. and Listeria monocytogenes in the reception tank, pasteurization tank, packing machine, package, wall, workers’ hand, and each dairy’s raw and pasteurized milk. After isolation, 84 colonies were confirmed by MALDI TOF. The indicator microorganisms presented variations for the workers’ hands, while A and B stayed within the patterns. For the equipment, only dairy B was within limits. They were out of the standard for mesophiles, total coliforms, and thermotolerant regarding raw and pasteurized milk. The microorganisms, the Enterobacteriaceae family presented a higher frequency, with 77.38%, and within this family, Escherichia coli, Klebsiella spp., and Enterobacter spp. were the most prevalent. Gram-positive corresponded to 22.62%, Bacillus spp., Staphylococcus spp., Enterococcus spp., and Macrococcus caseolyticus. Listeria monocytogenes and Salmonella spp. were not isolated. These demonstrate failures in goat milk processing with pathogenic bacteria in several dairy plants, indicating the need to adjust the product’s quality control.

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