scholarly journals Population Studies of Tree Hole Breeding Aedes Species (Diptera: Culicidae) in Dhaka University Campus and its Adjacent Suhrawardi Park, Dhaka City, Bangladesh

2012 ◽  
Vol 40 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-11
Author(s):  
Nargis Sultana ◽  
Tangin Akter ◽  
Shefali Begum
Keyword(s):  
Population Studies ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Species Trees ◽  
Aedes Mosquito ◽  
Larval Population ◽  
The Arts ◽  
Tree Hole ◽  
Tree Holes ◽  
Bambusa Nutans

A survey of the larval population of tree hole breeding Aedes mosquito was conducted from January to December, 2010 in four different areas of Dhaka University Campus and its adjacent Suhrawardi park. A total of 689 mosquito larvae was collected during the survey. Among them 396 (57.47%) were Aedes albopictus, 51 (7.02%) were Ae. aegypti and 242 (35.12%) other Aedes species, and the number of male and female among them was counted 347 (50.36%) and 342 (49.63%), respectively. Among the varieties of plant species in the study area only 27 species of trees were found with 56 holes wherein 34 holes of 17 species trees were used by mosquitoes for breeding ground. The highest number (160) of larvae was found in bamboo (Bambusa nutans) stumps hole and lowest (13) in Delonix regia hole. The highest number of larval population was collected in September and the larval population increased from March to September and then gradually decreased. No mosquito larva was found in the tree holes in January and February. The number of larvae collected from different survey areas also varied which were 309 (44.84%), 152 (22.06%), 145 (21.04%) and 83 (12.04%) in Suhrawardi park, and the Arts building, Curzon hall and Botanical garden of Dhaka University, respectively. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjz.v40i1.12887 Bangladesh J. Zool. 40(1): 1-11, 2012

scholarly journals Introduction and ex-situ conservation of red-list medicinal plants in Andhra University Campus

2016 ◽  
Vol 5 (3) ◽  
pp. 31-42
Author(s):  
J Prakasa Rao ◽  
SB Padal
Keyword(s):  
Medicinal Plants ◽  
Introduced Species ◽  
Ex Situ Conservation ◽  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Red List ◽  
Ex Situ ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Great Pressure

Medicinal plants are now under great pressure due to their excessive collection so there is a need to immediate attention for conservation of some important medicinal and red list plants. During the period of 2009-2015 germplasm was collected and introduced in to the Andhra University Botanical Garden. A total of 72 introduced species belonging to 66 genera and 35 families were successfully acclimatized in the botanical garden, included 18 red list plants. After acclimatization all plants are transferred to the garden and special block was maintaining as red list medicinal garden.International Journal of Environment Vol.5(3) 2016, pp.31-42

The Bionomics of some Tree-hole Mosquitos

1929 ◽  
Vol 20 (1) ◽  
pp. 45-58 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mary V. F. Beattie ◽  
Lucy J. Howland
Keyword(s):  
Algal Species ◽  
Animal Food ◽  
Tree Hole ◽  
Tree Holes

1. 138 larvae of Anopheles, Finlaya and Orthopodomyia, collected from three tree-holes described in Part I, were dissected and their contents examined.2. Small algae, a few animals, bacteria and considerable quantities of rotting vegetation were found in them.3. The algal and animal food seems to be insufficient for the anabolic processes of the larvae.4. It is possible that bacteria may play some part in their nutrition, especially of Orthopodomyia.5. It is also suggested that the larvae are able to utilise any food constituents present in the vegetable debris.I wish to thank Dr. P. A. Buxton for the interest he has shown during the progress of this work, and Professor F. E. Fritsch for help in identification of the algal species.

scholarly journals Larval breeding habitats and ecological factors influence the species composition of mosquito (Diptera : Culicidae) in the parks of Dhaka city, Bangladesh

2018 ◽  
Vol 45 (2) ◽  
pp. 111-122 ◽  
Author(s):  
Afroza Sultana ◽  
Sharmin Hasan ◽  
Mosharraf Hossain ◽  
Abdul Alim ◽  
Mohammad Al Mamun ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mosquito Control ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Ecological Factors ◽  
Control Program ◽  
Breeding Habitat ◽  
Coconut Shell ◽  
Larval Abundance ◽  
Tree Hole ◽  
Breeding Habitats ◽  
Tree Holes

Mosquito larval ecology is prerequisite for determining the larval abundance and species assemblage in mosquito control program. The study explored the association of five mosquito species with their breeding habitat diversity and species distribution in three selected parks from May to October, 2015. A total of 3217 mosquito larvae were reported from six breeding habitats, namely tree hole, leaf axils, water bottle, tire, drain and coconut shell. The frequency of the three species (Ae. aegypti, Ae. albopictus and Ar. subalbatus) coexistence was higher in tree holes (82.4%) than that of the other coexisting species. Pearson Chi-square result revealed that the association of species was significantly dependent on the breeding habitats. ANOVA further suggested that mosquito density varied across habitats where among the highest density of Cx. quinquefasciatus (3.87 ± 0.22) found in drain, followed by both Ae. albopictus (2.02 ± 0.17) and Ar. subalbatus (0.50 ± 0.09) in tree holes and Ae. aegypti (1.25 ± 0.23) in coconut shell. Cx. tritaeniorhynchus occurred in drain with the least observed density (0.03 ± 0.01). CCA results suggested that Aedes species were likely preferred to oviposit in shaded habitats where pH was associated with Ae. albopictus and dissolved oxygen was with Ae. aegypti and Ar. subalbatus. Culex species were positively associated with the habitats characterizing muddy bottom and emerging vegetation but not with any of the physico-chemical parameters. These findings concluded that ecological factors influence mosquito species to favor their breeding habitats can be helpful in controlling targeted vector species as well as the mosquito borne diseases.Bangladesh J. Zool. 45(2): 111-122, 2017

scholarly journals Comparative nesting patterns and success of Mynas and Starlings (Aves: Sturnidae) inhabiting Jahangirnagar University campus, Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 48 (2) ◽  
pp. 321-334
Author(s):  
Shamia Farhana Shoma ◽  
Sajeda Begum
Keyword(s):  
Site Selection ◽  
Nest Site ◽  
Ground Level ◽  
Nesting Success ◽  
Nest Site Selection ◽  
University Campus ◽  
Tree Cavities ◽  
Common Myna ◽  
Tree Holes ◽  
Nesting Patterns

Nesting patterns of four species of mynas and starlings, Common Myna (Acridotheres tristis), Jungle Myna (Acridotheres fuscus), the Asian-pied Starling (Gracupica contra) and Chestnut-tailed Mtarling (Sturnia malabarica) were studied in Jahangirnagar University campus from March to September in 2016. Nests were searched systematically throughout the study area and nesting parameters like nest dimensions, nest-site selection, tree species preference, nesting materials, clutch size and nesting success were examined. A total of 101 nests were recorded where 31 nests were of Common Myna, 10 of Jungle Myna, 49 of the Asian-pied Starling and 11 nests were of Chestnut-tailed Starling. Overall, the sturnids preferred nesting on trees (n=84) to anthropogenic structures (n=17). Common myna showed maximum variation in nest-site selection using tree holes (n=12), tree branches (n=10) and building cornices, holes or crevices (n=9) whereas Chestnut-tailed Starling nested only in tree cavities (n=11). Jungle Myna built nests both in tree holes (n=4) and in building holes and crevices (n=6). The Asian-pied Starlings built their domed nests mostly on tree branches (n=47) where 69% nests were peripheral and 31% were central in position. Out of 20 species of trees utilized for nesting purpose, the majority of nests were built on Whites iris Albizia procera (n=18) followed by Neem Azadirachta indica (n=10) and Mahogany Swietenia mahagoni (n=10). The nests were constructed between 2 and 18m (8±3.8m) from the ground level. Among 19 types of nesting materials recorded, twigs, leaves, straws, grasses, feathers, plastics and polythene were frequently used by all four species while the Asian-pied starling used more rubbish materials than other species. Highest nesting success (80%) was recorded in Common Myna whereas the Asian-pied Starling, Chestnut-tailed Starling and Jungle Myna had 77.8%, 75% and 66.7% of nesting success respectively. Adaptions to using different nesting sites in Common Myna and comparatively higher nesting height in the Asian-pied Starling may have facilitated the greater nesting success. Bangladesh J. Zool. 48(2): 321-334, 2020

Tree hole mosquito species composition and relative abundances differ between urban and adjacent forest habitats in northwestern Argentina

2017 ◽  
Vol 108 (2) ◽  
pp. 203-212 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Mangudo ◽  
J.P. Aparicio ◽  
G.C. Rossi ◽  
R.M. Gleiser
Keyword(s):  
Urban Areas ◽  
Mosquito Species ◽  
Urban Environments ◽  
Negative Effects ◽  
Larval Habitats ◽  
Species Association ◽  
Tree Hole ◽  
Dengue Outbreaks ◽  
Forested Areas ◽  
Tree Holes

AbstractWater-holding tree holes are main larval habitats for many pathogen vectors, especially mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae). Along 3 years, the diversity and composition of mosquito species in tree holes of two neighbouring but completely different environments, a city and its adjacent forest, were compared using generalized linear mixed models, PERMANOVA, SIMPER and species association indexes. The city area (Northwest Argentina) is highly relevant epidemiologically due to the presence of Aedes aegypti L. (main dengue vector) and occurrence of dengue outbreaks; the Yungas rainforests are highly biologically diverse. In total seven mosquito species were recorded, in descending order of abundance: Ae. aegypti, Haemagogus spegazzinii Brèthes, Sabethes purpureus (Theobald), Toxorhynchites guadeloupensis Dyar and Knab, Aedes terrens Walker, Haemagogus leucocelaenus Dyar & Shannon and Sabethes petrocchiae (Shannon and Del Ponte). The seven mosquito species were recorded in both city sites and forested areas; however, their mosquito communities significantly diverged because of marked differences in the frequency and relative abundance of some species: Tx. guadeloupensis and Ae. aegypti were significantly more abundant in forest and urban areas, respectively. Positive significant associations were detected between Ae. aegypti, Hg. spegazzinii and Hg. leucocelaenus. The combined presence of Ae. aegypti, Haemagogus and Sabethes in the area also highlight a potential risk of yellow fever epidemics. Overall results show an impoverished tree hole mosquito fauna in urban environments, reflecting negative effects of urbanization on mosquito diversity.

scholarly journals Vertical Stratification of Insect Species Developing in Water-Filled Tree Holes

2022 ◽  
Vol 4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Martin M. Gossner ◽  
Jana S. Petermann
Keyword(s):  
Model Systems ◽  
Vertical Stratification ◽  
Insect Species ◽  
Individual Species ◽  
Vertical Position ◽  
Niche Separation ◽  
Insect Communities ◽  
Biting Midge ◽  
Tree Hole ◽  
Tree Holes

Forest ecosystems have a distinct vertical dimension, but the structuring of communities in this three-dimensional space is not well understood. Water-filled tree holes are natural microcosms structured in metacommunities. Here, we used these microcosms as model systems to analyze how insect communities and the occurrence and abundance of individual species are influenced by biotic and abiotic microhabitat characteristics, the vertical position of the tree hole, and stand-scale habitat availability. We found that both the characteristics of water-filled tree holes and their insect communities differ significantly between canopy and ground level. Individual insect species showed contrasting responses to the vertical position of the tree holes when important environmental factors at the stand and the tree-hole scale were considered. While some species, such as the mosquito Aedes geniculatus and the beetle Prionocyphon serricornis, decreased in abundance with increasing tree-hole height, the biting midge Dasyhelea sp., the non-biting midge Metriocnemus cavicola and the hoverfly Myiatropa florea increased in abundance. Our results suggest that vertical stratification in forests is most likely driven not only by variation in tree-hole microhabitat properties, i.e., niche separation, but also by individual species traits, such as adult dispersal propensity, food preferences and mating behavior of adult stages, and interspecific competition of larval stages. Therefore, communities of insect species developing in tree holes are likely structured by competition–colonization trade-offs predicted by metacommunity theory.

scholarly journals State and prospects of age-old trees in the dendroflora collection of the Botanical Garden of UNFU

2021 ◽  
pp. 93-100
Author(s):  
Nataliia Kendzora
Keyword(s):  
Botanical Garden ◽  
Growth Conditions ◽  
Taxonomic Composition ◽  
Species Trees ◽  
Historical Materials ◽  
Sanitary Condition ◽  
Literary Sources ◽  
Old Trees ◽  
Xix Century ◽  
Sanitary State

Aim. The aim of the article is the following: to analyze the historical materials on the creation of the Botanical Garden arboretum; to investigate the age structure of the dendroflora collection; to study the taxonomic composition, biometric indicators, the sanitary condition of the age-old trees, and their significance in cultural phytocoenoses. Materials and Methods. The study is based on the materials of inventory of woody and shrub plants of the arboretum and literary sources related to the analysis of the quantitative and qualitative composition of the dendroflora collection. Results. Arboretum of the Botanical Garden of Ukrainian National Forestry University is one of the oldest dendrological collections in Lviv. The collection includes 28 age-old trees. Their age exceeds 100 years, biometric indicators are significant, and sanitary state, both for a specified age and taking into account urbogenic growth conditions, is good or satisfactory. Some age-old trees (black walnut, katsura-tree, American witch-hazel) are the oldest species in the West of Ukraine and have the largest biometric indicators. Conclusions. The arboretum of the Botanical Garden of UNFU is a unique heritage of garden and park art of the XIX century. The historical composition of the dendroflora is partially preserved. Among the age-old trees, there are both autochtonic and introduced species. Trees are in a good sanitary state. They are an integral part of the formed phytocoenosis. As an object of observation, they can be used for further research of potential ecological and biological capabilities of species in an urbogenic environment.

Observations on Toxorhynchites brevipalpis conradti Grünb. (Diptera, Culicidae) in Uganda

1963 ◽  
Vol 54 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-17 ◽  
Author(s):  
Philip S. Corbet
Keyword(s):  
Pupal Stage ◽  
Instar Larva ◽  
Fourth Instar ◽  
Female Adult ◽  
Tree Hole ◽  
In Captivity ◽  
Tree Holes ◽  
Medical Importance ◽  
Average Size ◽  
Made In

Observations made in Uganda on eight individuals of the mosquito Toxorhynchites brevipalpis conradti Grünb. reared in captivity from egg to adult are recorded. Larvae of this species are predatory and coexist in tree holes with those of mosquitos of medical importance.The identification of larvae and pupae is discussed, and information provided on the following subjects: the amount of food (living larvae of Aedcs acgypti (L.)) needed for larvae to complete development; the feeding and killing behaviour of fourth-instar larvae; duration of the pupal stage; and the rate of autogenous ovarian development in the unfed female adult.The compulsive killing behaviour shown by a fourth-instar larva about two days before it pupates could be expected to cause the death of all the other mosquito larvae in a tree hole of average size. This species is unusual among mosquitos in that pupae of females developed more rapidly than those of males.

Tree holes as larval habitats for Aedes aegypti in urban, suburban and forest habitats in a dengue affected area

2015 ◽  
Vol 105 (6) ◽  
pp. 679-684 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. Mangudo ◽  
J.P. Aparicio ◽  
R.M. Gleiser
Keyword(s):  
Aedes Aegypti ◽  
Sampling Period ◽  
Larval Habitat ◽  
Human Environment ◽  
Larval Habitats ◽  
Tree Hole ◽  
Forested Areas ◽  
Tree Holes ◽  
Dengue Control ◽  
The City

AbstractAedes aegypti (L.) (Diptera: Culicidae), the main vector of dengue and urban yellow fever in the world, is highly adapted to the human environment. Artificial containers are the most common larval habitat for the species, but it may develop in tree holes and other phytotelmata. This study assessed whether tree holes in San Ramón de la Nueva Orán, a city located in subtropical montane moist forest where dengue outbreaks occur, are relevant as larval habitat for Ae. aegypti and if the species may be found in natural areas far from human habitations. Water holding tree holes were sampled during 3 years once a month along the rainy season using a siphon bottle, in urban and suburban sites within the city and in adjacent forested areas. Larvae and pupae were collected and the presence and volume of water in each tree hole were recorded. Finding Ae. aegypti in forested areas was an isolated event; however, the species was frequently collected from tree holes throughout the city and along the sampling period. Moreover, larvae were collected in considerably high numbers, stressing the importance of taking into account these natural cavities as potential reinfestation foci within dengue control framework.

scholarly journals First extraction of eDNA from tree hole water to detect tree frogs: a simple field method piloted in Madagascar

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Katherine E. Mullin ◽  
Izabela M. Barata ◽  
Jeff Dawson ◽  
Pablo Orozco-terWengel
Keyword(s):  
Cryptic Species ◽  
Environmental Dna ◽  
Cost Effective ◽  
Field Method ◽  
Tree Frog ◽  
Endangered Tree ◽  
Small Water ◽  
Tree Hole ◽  
Two Samples ◽  
Tree Holes

AbstractEnvironmental DNA (eDNA) is becoming an increasingly used tool for monitoring cryptic species within terrestrial and aquatic systems. We present the first method for extracting water from tree holes for eDNA studies of tree-dwelling frogs, and the first use of eDNA for amphibian monitoring in Madagascar. This pilot study expands on a previously developed method and aims to provide a simple field protocol for DNA extraction from very small water samples, using a relatively inexpensive kit compared to other collection methods. We collected 20 ml of water from tree holes in Ambohitantely Special Reserve in Madagascar, with the aim to survey for the Critically Endangered tree frog Anodonthyla vallani, and we developed species specific cytochrome c oxidase 1 primers for this species. While our two samples did not detect A. vallani, we successfully extracted up to 16.6 ng/µl of eDNA from the samples and using 16S rRNA primers barcoded the tree frog Plethodontohyla mihanika in one of the samples. Despite just two samples being collected, we highlight the future potential of eDNA from tree holes for investigating cryptic habitat specialist amphibians given we extracted frog eDNA from just 20 ml of water. The method provides a rapid, simple, and cost-effective method which can assist cryptic species monitoring in challenging and time-consuming field conditions and should be developed further for frog surveying in Madagascar and beyond. The newly developed primers can be used for further work using this eDNA method to survey threatened Anodonthyla frog species.

Sign in / Sign up

Export Citation Format

Share Document