scholarly journals Dhaka stress scale for adolescents: A scale for assessing psychosocial stressors among adolescents

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (4) ◽  
pp. 167-176
Author(s):  
Mohammad S. I. Mullick ◽  
Sultana Algin ◽  
Monirul Islam ◽  
Adrian Phillipson ◽  
Jhunu S. Nahar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Psychosocial Stressors ◽  
Life Change ◽  
Scale Level ◽  
Validity Index ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Actual Experience ◽  
Item Level

This study was aimed to produce a culturally validated scale to determine the presence of stressful life events among adolescents in Bangladesh, and formulate the relative life change units for each event. The study used qualitative research, including a focus group and questionnaire, and quantitative analysis in the validation process. Researchers first developed a provisional stress scale that was translated in Bangla through a translation exercise. Using an open-ended question along with this provisional scale on a school sample of 449 (228 rated on imagination and 221 on actual experience) adolescents, researchers developed Dhaka stress scale– adolescent with 56 items and predictive interpretation of the overall score was made. Content validity was found excellent as item level content validity index was around 1 and the scale level validity index was 0.93. The correlation coefficient was 0.72 between this scale and adolescent life events stress scale. For reliability, Cronbach’s alpha values were ranged from 0.83 to 0.97. The scale is simple to administer to assess stress in adolescents and usable in both clinical and research settings.

Dhaka Stress Scale-Adult: A scale for assessing psychosocial stressors among adults

2019 ◽  
Vol 12 (3) ◽  
pp. 119-127
Author(s):  
Mohammad S. I. Mullick ◽  
Sultana Algin ◽  
Monirul Islam ◽  
Adrian Phillipson ◽  
Jhunu S. Nahar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Qualitative Research ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Factor Model ◽  
Daily Life ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Psychosocial Stressors ◽  
Life Change ◽  
Validation Process ◽  
Stress Scale

Stress is an integral part of daily life and inevitable. This study was aimed to produce a culturally validated scale for measuring stressful life events of adults in Bangladesh and formulate the relative life change units of each event. The study used qualitative research, including a focus group and questionnaire, as well as quantitative statistical analysis in the validation process. Researchers first developed a provisional scale with 62 items that were translated in Bangla through a translation exercise. Using an open-ended question along with this provisional scale on 518 (260 rated on imagination and 258 on experience) subjects, researchers developed Dhaka Stress Scale-Adult with 58 items and the predictive interpretation of the overall score was made. Content validity was found excellent as I-CVI was 1 except 3 items and S-CVI was 0.91. In factor analysis on the two-factor model, no item had salient loading on more than one factor and there were 3 items failed to load on either factor. The correlation coefficient was 0.84 between this scale and the Presumptive Stressful Life Events Scale. In term of reliability, Cronbach’s alpha values were ranging from 0.53-0.88. The scale is simple to administer to assess stress and usable for both clinical and research purpose.

scholarly journals Validation of an educational tool on healthy eating for schoolchildren

2018 ◽  
Vol 31 (5) ◽  
pp. 479-488
Author(s):  
Celia Maria Ribeiro de VASCONCELOS ◽  
Eliane Maria Ribeiro de VASCONCELOS ◽  
Maria Gorete Lucena de VASCONCELOS ◽  
Suelen Brito de AZEVEDO ◽  
Maria Cristina Falcão RAPOSO ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Healthy Eating ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Target Population ◽  
P Value ◽  
Card Game ◽  
Educational Tool ◽  
Scale Level ◽  
Validity Index ◽  
Content Validity Index ◽  
Item Level

ABSTRACT Objective The purpose of this study was to validate the card game The Enigma of the Pyramid about healthy eating, using judges (expert) for the validation of content and design; and the target population (students from the 4th and 5th grades, aged 9-10 years) for the semantic validation (pilot test). Methods The Item-Level Content Validity Index was used to verify the degree of agreement among the experts’ opinions, item by item; and the Scale Level Content Validity Index to determine the arithmetic mean of the proportion of items that receive judgments of “non-disagreement” by the judges. The item that obtained Item-Level Content Validity Index greater or equal to 0.80 and Scale Level Content Validity Index greater or equal to 0.90 was considered validated, which was the coefficient of validity. The binominal test was used to select the items that should be revised/modified, using the p-value of ratio (reject H0 if p≤0.8). Items were validated at significance level of ≤0.05. Results Twenty-two judges and 12 schoolchildren participated in the study. Of the 23 items of the card game, nine were selected for review/modification, of which five were from the language component and four from the suitability component for the target population. Conclusion Once the modifications were made, they were all approved by all participating students, making this educational tool on healthy eating habits available for use with the student population.

scholarly journals Assessing Evidence-Informed Practices to Reduce Routine Interventions in Labor and Childbirth: Validating the Content of the Keeping Birth Normal Tool

2018 ◽  
Vol 7 (4) ◽  
pp. 192-213
Author(s):  
Florence Darling ◽  
Valentina Collington
Keyword(s):  
Health Care Professionals ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Ordinal Scale ◽  
Scale Level ◽  
Validity Index ◽  
Mortality And Morbidity ◽  
Content Validity Index ◽  
Risk Of Mortality ◽  
Item Level ◽  
Initial Scale

Background:The overuse of interventions in labor and childbirth increase the risk of mortality and morbidity in women. There are wide variations in the use of routine interventions locally, regionally, and globally. The reasons for this are complex and multifactorial. This study focuses its investigations at the microcosm of practice. It outlines the validation of the content of a new Tool to assess and support the implementation of evidence-informed practices by health-care professionals.Methods:Seven experts and eight women user representatives used a 4-point ordinal scale of relevance to rate 50 items in the Keeping Birth Normal (KBN) Tool. Item-level content validity index (I-CVI), an average scale-level content validity index (S-CVI/Ave), and qualitative comments were used to delete and improve items.Results:Eleven experts analyzed all 50 items. Four experts rated 35–49 items. The initial scale received an S-CVI/Ave of 0.88. Two items were deleted, improvements were made to 45 items, some were merged, and 7 new items were added. The final scale with 36 items received an S-CVI/Ave of 1.0 post item deletion and improvement.Discussion:The items in the KBN Tool are construct relevant and will undergo plausibility testing in a future study. Other forms of validity evidence on response processes and internal structure, which may be gathered, will depend on its further application in practice and research.

scholarly journals Dissociative disorders: A study of clinico-demographic profile and associated stressors

2015 ◽  
Vol 3 (2) ◽  
pp. 25-30
Author(s):  
R Thapa
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Age Of Onset ◽  
Dissociative Disorders ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Psychosocial Stressors ◽  
Motor Disorder ◽  
Demographic Profile ◽  
Co Morbidity ◽  
One Year

Objectives: To study relevant clinico-demographic profile and stressors of dissociative disorders.  Methods: this is a case control study of 39 cases of dissociative disorders and compared with 39 controls using a self designed questionnaire and G. Singh’s Presumptive Stressful Life Events Scale (PSLE). Results: The mean age of the cases was 21.23 years. Cases of Dissociative motor disorders had significantly higher age (26.4 yrs) as compared to dissociative convulsion (18.8 yrs) and dissociative stupor (20.6 yrs). (38.5%).Two thirds of the cases had comorbid neuro-psychiatric illness, the commonest one being depression (35.9%). The cases had more stressful life events in the past one year as well as whole life when compared to controls. Family conflict was seen to be the commonest precipitating stress.Conclusions: Dissociative disorder mainly affects young people. Dissociative motor disorder is a distinct subtype with a higher age of onset. Presence of neuro-psychiatric co-morbidity is the rule rather than exception. Psychosocial stressors play an important role in disease production.J Psychiatric Association of Nepal Vol .3, No.2, 2014, pp: 25-30DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3126/jpan.v3i2.12386 

scholarly journals PATIENTS WITH CONVERSION DISORDER

2010 ◽  
Vol 17 (04) ◽  
pp. 715-720
Author(s):  
NIAZ MAQSOOD ◽  
BUSHRA AKRAM ◽  
WAJID ALI
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Case Series ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Conversion Disorder ◽  
Stressful Life ◽  
Psychosocial Stressors ◽  
Medical College ◽  
Case Series Study ◽  
Series Study

Objectives: To assess the frequency of the various psychosocial stressors and stressful life events in patients presenting with conversion disorder. Study Design: Case series study. Place & Duration of Study: The study was conducted in the Department of Psychiatry & Behavioural Sciences, Bahawal Victoria Hospital & Quaid-e-Azam Medical College, Bahawalpur from January, 2009 to March, 2009. Subjects & Methods: The sample consisted of 100 in-patients (89 Female, 11 Male) with Conversion Disorder. They were interviewed andresults were analysed from the entries in a Performa. Results: Stressors were clearly identified in 100 patients. In all patients, we found more than one stressor. Among patients, there were (24%) In-laws problems, (23%) Love problems, (21%) Relationship problems with family, (20%) exam/study stress, (15%) marriage against will, (13%) demanding and pampered child, (11%) Issue less, (10%) sexual abuse, (8%) demand of marriage, (6%) overage in wait of marriage, (4%) death of partner, (3%) husband abroad and (3%) patient’s engagement break. Conclusions: We concluded that stressors and life events were present in all conversion disorder’s patients and these stressful life events are important causal factors for Conversion Disorder. Conversion Disorder has strong relationship with psychosocial stressors. 

Designing and Validity Evaluation of Quality of Nursing Care Scale in Intensive Care Units

2014 ◽  
Vol 22 (3) ◽  
pp. 461-471
Author(s):  
Mashaalah Zeraati ◽  
Negin Masoudi Alavi
Keyword(s):  
Critical Care ◽  
Intensive Care ◽  
Intensive Care Units ◽  
Nursing Care ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
Scale Level ◽  
Validity Index ◽  
Critical Care Units ◽  
Quality Of Nursing

Background and Purpose: Quality of nursing care measurement is essential in critical care units. The aim of this study was to develop a scale to measure the quality of nursing care in intensive care units (ICUs). Methods: The 68 items of nursing care standards in critical care settings were explored in a literature review. Then, 30 experts evaluated the items’ content validity index (CVI) and content validity ratio (CVR). Items with a low CVI score (<0.78) and low CVR score (<0.33) were removed from the scale. Results: The 50 items remained in the scale. The Scale level-CVI and Scale level-CVR were 0.898 and 0.725, respectively. Conclusion: The nursing care scale in ICU (Quality of Nursing Care Scale-ICU) that was developed in this research had acceptable CVI and CVR.

Deutsche Übersetzung und Adaptation der «Uncertainty Stress Scale High Risk Pregnancy Version III» (USS-HRPV) für hospitalisierte Frauen mit Risikoschwangerschaft

Pflege ◽  
2014 ◽  
Vol 27 (3) ◽  
pp. 179-189
Author(s):  
Marlen Amsler ◽  
Claudia König ◽  
Paola Origlia Ikhilor ◽  
Eva Lucia Cignacco
Keyword(s):  
High Risk ◽  
Content Validity ◽  
High Risk Pregnancy ◽  
Validity Index ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Content Validity Index ◽  
Risk Pregnancy ◽  
Deutsche Übersetzung

Hintergrund: Medizinisch und gesellschaftlich bedingte Faktoren führen zu einer Zunahme hospitalisierter Frauen mit Risikoschwangerschaft. Die Unvorhersehbarkeit des weiteren Schwangerschaftsverlaufs kann zu Ungewissheit und je nach Bewältigungsstrategie auch zu Stress führen. Ziele: Ziele dieser Studie waren die deutsche Übersetzung und Adaptation der USS-HRPV. Methode: Die Übersetzung in die deutsche Sprache erfolgte mittels Vor- und Rückwärtsübersetzung. Die zwei Phasen umfassende Adaptation wurde mit hospitalisierten Frauen mit Risikoschwangerschaft (n = 24) sowie diplomierten Hebammen (n = 10) durchgeführt und beruht sowohl auf kognitiven Interviews wie auch auf einer Testung der Inhaltsvalidität mittels «Content Validity Index» (CVI). Nach jeder Erhebungsphase wurde das Messinstrument mithilfe von Fachexpertinnen (n = 3) modifiziert. Ergebnisse: Der für jedes Item berechnete CVI (I-CVI) ergab in der ersten Phase für beide Teilstichproben Werte zwischen 0,10 und 1,0, der über das gesamte Messinstrument berechnete CVI (S-CVI/Ave) einen Wert von 0,62 respektive 0,70. Die I-CVI-Werte der hospitalisierten Frauen mit Risikoschwangerschaft der zweiten Phase lagen zwischen 0,17 und 1,0, der S-CVI/Ave betrug 0,73. Insgesamt wurden unter Berücksichtigung aller Daten 44 der ursprünglich 86 Items entfernt und 28 sprachlich verändert. Schlussfolgerungen: Aufgrund der methodischen Vorgehensweise konnte eine solide Ausgangslage für die weiteren Validierungsschritte zur Weiterentwicklung des Messinstrumentes für den deutschsprachigen Raum erarbeitet werden.

scholarly journals Joint effects of prenatal exposure to per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances and psychosocial stressors on corticotropin-releasing hormone during pregnancy

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Stephanie M. Eick ◽  
Dana E. Goin ◽  
Lara Cushing ◽  
Erin DeMicco ◽  
Sabrina Smith ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Preterm Birth ◽  
Life Events ◽  
Prenatal Exposure ◽  
Psychosocial Stress ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Financial Strain ◽  
Psychosocial Stressors ◽  
Second Trimester ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
The Relationship

Abstract Background Prenatal exposure to per- and poly-fluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) and psychosocial stressors has been associated with adverse pregnancy outcomes, including preterm birth. Previous studies have suggested that joint exposure to environmental chemical and social stressors may be contributing to disparities observed in preterm birth. Elevated corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) during mid-gestation may represent one biologic mechanism linking chemical and nonchemical stress exposures to preterm birth. Methods Using data from a prospective birth cohort (N = 497), we examined the cross-sectional associations between five individual PFAS (ng/mL; PFNA, PFOA, PFOS, PFHxS, and Me-PFOSA-AcOH) and CRH (pg/mL) using linear regression. PFAS and CRH were measured during the second trimester in serum and plasma, respectively. Coefficients were standardized to reflect change in CRH associated with an interquartile range (IQR) increase in natural log-transformed PFAS. We additionally examined if the relationship between PFAS and CRH was modified by psychosocial stress using stratified models. Self-reported depression, stressful life events, perceived stress, food insecurity, and financial strain were assessed using validated questionnaires during the second trimester and included as binary indicators of psychosocial stress. Results An IQR increase in PFNA was associated with elevated CRH (β = 5.17, 95% confidence interval [CI] = 1.79, 8.55). Increased concentrations of PFOA were also moderately associated with CRH (β = 3.62, 95% CI = −0.42, 7.66). The relationship between PFNA and CRH was stronger among women who experienced stressful life events, depression, food insecurity, and financial strain compared to women who did not experience these stressors. Conclusions This cross-sectional study is the first to examine the relationship between PFAS exposure and CRH levels in mid-gestation. We found that these associations were stronger among women who experienced stress, which aligns with previous findings that chemical and nonchemical stressor exposures can have joint effects on health outcomes.

Differences Between Exclusive Breastfeeders, Formula-Feeders, and Controls: A Study of Stress, Mood, and Endocrine Variables

2005 ◽  
Vol 7 (2) ◽  
pp. 106-117 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maureen W. Groër
Keyword(s):  
Life Events ◽  
Perceived Stress ◽  
Stressful Life Events ◽  
Serum Cortisol ◽  
Serum Prolactin ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Stress Scale ◽  
Healthy Control ◽  
Postpartum Stress ◽  
Postpartum Mothers

The purpose of this study was to examine relationships among lactational status, naturalistic stress, mood, and levels of serum cortisol and prolactin and plasma adrenocorticotropic hormone (ACTH). Eighty-four exclusively breastfeeding, 99 exclusively formula-feeding, and 33 nonpostpartum healthy control women were studied. The postpartum mothers were studied cross-sectionally once between 4 and 6 weeks after the birth. Stress was measured using the Perceived Stress Scale, the Tennessee Postpartum Stress Scale, and the Inventory of Small Life Events. Mood was measured using the Profile of Mood States. Serum prolactin, plasma ACTH, and serum cortisol levels were measured by commercial ELISA (enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay) kits. Results indicate that breastfeeding mothers had more positive moods, reported more positive events, and perceived less stress than formula-feeders. Reports of stressful life events were generally equivalent in the two groups. Serum prolactin was inversely related to stress and mood in formula-feeders. When breast and formula-feeders were compared to controls, they had higher serum cortisol, lower stress, and lower anxiety. Breastfeeders had lower perceived stress than controls. Breastfeeders had lower depression and anger and more positive life events reported than formula-feeders. However, there were few correlations among stress, mood, and the hormones in postpartum mothers, and those only in formula-feeders, whereas strong relationships were found between serum ACTH and a number of stress and mood variables in controls. Postpartum mothers reported a range of stress and negative moods at 4 to 6 weeks, and in formula-feeders, serum prolactin was related to some of the stress and mood variables. Breastfeeding appears to be somewhat protective of negative moods and stress.

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