scholarly journals Immunochromatographic Test and ELISA for Detection of Rotavirus in Fecal Sample : A Comparative Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 18 (2) ◽  
pp. 7-11
Author(s):  
Sanjoy Kanti Biswas ◽  
Nahid Sultana ◽  
Md Badruddoza ◽  
Md Anwarul Azim ◽  
Rajat Sankar Roy Biswas
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Good Alternative ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Immunochromatographic Test ◽  
Rotavirus Gastroenteritis ◽  
Appropriate Treatment ◽  
Stool Samples

Background: Rotavirus is a common cause of diarrhea in children. Early diagnosis of rotavirus infection helps to determine appropriate treatment thus preventing unnecessary use of antibiotics and minimizes its spread. Rapid test using lateral flow immunochromatography is a good alternative to Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay (ELISA) with good sensitivity. This study was undertaken to compare Immunochromatographic Test (ICT) with ELISA for detection of rotavirus antigen in stool sample. Materials and methods: Ninety stool samples from hospitalized children less than two years of age with symptoms of acute gastroenteritis were tested by both ICT and ELISA. Sensitivity and specificity was compared. Results: Out of 90 samples 63.3% were positive for rotavirus antigen by ELISA and 51% were positive by ICT. Sensitivity and specificity of ICT was determined considering ELISA as a gold standard. Sensitivity of ICT was 80.7% whereas specificity was 100%. Conclusion: Rotavirus gastroenteritis cases can be diagnosed by rapid test (Immunochromatography) with high sensitivity and specificity Chatt Maa Shi Hosp Med Coll J; Vol.18 (2); July 2019; Page 7-11

scholarly journals A Rapid and International Applicable Diagnostic Device for Cobra (Genus Naja) Snakebites

Toxins ◽  
2020 ◽  
Vol 12 (9) ◽  
pp. 572
Author(s):  
Jing-Hua Lin ◽  
Wang-Chou Sung ◽  
Jiunn-Wang Liao ◽  
Dong-Zong Hung
Keyword(s):  
Detection Limits ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Immunochromatographic Test ◽  
Tissue Destruction ◽  
Diagnostic Device ◽  
Life Threatening ◽  
The Cross ◽  
Geographical Characteristics

Cobra snakes (genus Naja) are some of the most dangerous snake species in Asia and Africa, as their bites cause severe life-threatening respiratory failure and local tissue destruction, especially in the case of late diagnosis. The differential diagnosis of snakebite envenomation still mainly relies upon symptomatology, the patient’s description, and the experience of physicians. We have designed a rapid test, immunochromatographic test of cobra (ICT-Cobra), which obtained fair results in improving the diagnosis and treatment of Naja (N.) atra snakebites in Taiwan. In this study, we further investigated the feasibility of applying the kit for the detection of other cobra venoms based on the potential interspecies similarity. We firstly demonstrated the cross-reactivity between eight venoms of medically important cobra species and the rabbit anti-N. atra IgG that was used in ICT-Cobra by Western blotting and sandwich enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Then, ICT-Cobra was used to detect various concentrations of the eight venoms to elucidate its performance. Noticeable correlations between the cross-reactivity of venoms from genus Naja snakes and existing geographical characteristics were found. ICT-Cobra could detect venoms from other Asian cobras with variable detection limits comparable to those observed for N. atra, but the kit was less successful in the detection of venom from African cobras. The similar but slightly different venom components and the interaction between venom and rabbit anti-N. atra IgG led to variations in the detection limits. The transcontinental usage of ICT-Cobra might be possible due to the cross-reactivity of antibodies and similarities among the larger-sized proteins. This study showed that the close immunological relationships in the genus Naja could be used to develop a venom detection kit for the diagnosis of cobra envenomation in both Asian and African regions. Additional clinical studies and technical adjustments are still needed to improve the efficacy and broadening the application of ICT-Cobra in the future.

scholarly journals Rotavirus Diarrhoea among Children under Five Years in a Tertiary Level Government of Rajasthan

2017 ◽  
Vol 36 (3) ◽  
pp. 273-276
Author(s):  
Abhijit Ari ◽  
Ruchi Chaudhary ◽  
S.D. Sharma
Keyword(s):  
Acute Diarrhea ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Tertiary Level ◽  
Hospitalized Children ◽  
Under Five ◽  
Stool Samples ◽  
Rotavirus Diarrhea ◽  
Age Range ◽  
Elisa Result ◽  
Level Government

Introduction: Rotavirus is the leading cause of severe, dehydrating diarrhoea in young children globally. Studies indicate that rotavirus causes approximately 40 percent of childhood diarrhoea hospitalization worldwide and around 39 percent in India in less than 5 years of age. This study aimed to estimate the prevalence of rotavirus diarrhea among hospitalized children aged under five years.Materials and Method: Stool samples were collected from children who fall within the age range of 0-5 years with acute diarrhea and samples are tested for rotavirus by the enzyme linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).Result: Out of 349 samples, 104(29.8%) cases were positive for rotavirus by ELISA. Therefore the prevalence of rotavirus infection among hospitalized patient under this study was 29.8%.Conclusion: Rotavirus is an important cause of diarrhea in hospitalized children.J Nepal Paediatr Soc 2016;36(3):273-276

scholarly journals Use of a Rapid Test for Diagnosis of Dengue during Suspected Dengue Outbreaks in Resource-Limited Regions

2016 ◽  
Vol 54 (8) ◽  
pp. 2090-2095 ◽  
Author(s):  
Elizabeth A. Hunsperger ◽  
Tyler M. Sharp ◽  
Paul Lalita ◽  
Kini Tikomaidraubuta ◽  
Yolanda Rebello Cardoso ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Public Health ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Nonstructural Protein ◽  
Clinical Care ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Public Health Response ◽  
Nonstructural Protein 1 ◽  
Dengue Outbreaks

Dengue is major public health problem, globally. Timely verification of suspected dengue outbreaks allows for public health response, leading to the initiation of appropriate clinical care. Because the clinical presentation of dengue is nonspecific, dengue diagnosis would benefit from a sensitive rapid diagnostic test (RDT). We evaluated the diagnostic performance of an RDT that detects dengue virus (DENV) nonstructural protein 1 (NS1) and anti-DENV IgM during suspected acute febrile illness (AFI) outbreaks in four countries. Real-time reverse transcription-PCR and anti-DENV IgM enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay were used to verify RDT results. Anti-DENV IgM RDT sensitivity and specificity ranged from 55.3 to 91.7% and 85.3 to 98.5%, respectively, and NS1 sensitivity and specificity ranged from 49.7 to 92.9% and 22.2 to 89.0%, respectively. Sensitivity varied by timing of specimen collection and DENV serotype. Combined test results moderately improved the sensitivity. The use of RDTs identified dengue as the cause of AFI outbreaks where reference diagnostic testing was limited or unavailable.

scholarly journals Evaluation of the performance of three serological tests for diagnosis of Leishmania infantum infection in dogs using latent class analysis

2020 ◽  
Vol 29 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Asier Basurco ◽  
Alda Natale ◽  
Katia Capello ◽  
Antonio Fernández ◽  
María Teresa Verde ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Leishmania Infantum ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Antibody Test ◽  
Latent Class Models ◽  
Canine Leishmaniasis ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serological Tests

Abstract Canine leishmaniasis (CanL) is a disease caused by Leishmania infantum. Serological methods are the most common diagnostic techniques used for the diagnosis of the CanL. The objective of our study was to estimate the sensitivity and specificity of one in-house ELISA kit (ELISA UNIZAR) and three commercially available serological tests (MEGACOR Diagnostik GmbH) including an immunochromatographic rapid test (FASTest LEISH®), an immunofluorescent antibody test (MegaFLUO LEISH®) and an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (MegaELISA LEISH®), using latent class models in a Bayesian analysis. Two hundred fifteen serum samples were included. The highest sensitivity was achieved for FASTest LEISH® (99.38%), ELISA UNIZAR (99.37%), MegaFLUO LEISH® (99.36%) followed by MegaELISA LEISH® (98.49%). The best specificity was obtained by FASTest LEISH® (98.43%), followed by ELISA UNIZAR (97.50%), whilst MegaFLUO LEISH® and MegaELISA LEISH® obtained the lower specificity (91.94% and 91.93%, respectively). The results of present study indicate that the immunochromatographic rapid test evaluated FASTest LEISH® show similar levels of sensitivity and specificity to the quantitative commercial tests. Among quantitative serological tests, sensitivity and specificity were similar considering ELISA or IFAT techniques.

scholarly journals Detection of Anti-LipL32 Antibodies in Serum Samples from Horses with Chronic Intraocular Infection with Leptospira spp.

Pathogens ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (10) ◽  
pp. 1325
Author(s):  
Tobias Geiger ◽  
Hartmut Gerhards ◽  
Bettina Wollanke
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Aqueous Humor ◽  
Screening Method ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Agglutination Test ◽  
Laboratory Diagnostics ◽  
Surgical Removal ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Equine Recurrent Uveitis

Equine recurrent uveitis (ERU) is typically caused by chronic intraocular leptospiral infection in warm-blooded horses in central Europe. The most effective therapy for leptospiral-induced ERU is the surgical removal of diseased vitreous (vitrectomy). Since vitrectomy is a highly specialized and invasive surgery, the indication must be determined very carefully. In order to obtain evidence of intraocular leptospiral infection by laboratory diagnostics in questionable leptospiral ERU-cases, sampling of aqueous humor is required, because serum tests using microscopic agglutination test (MAT) are too unspecific. The SNAP Lepto is a cross-species rapid test for the detection of anti-Lipl32 antibodies that has a high sensitivity (0.97) and specificity (1.00) for the detection of anti-leptospiral antibodies using aqueous humor or vitreous samples, which is comparable to MAT. To evaluate sensitivity and specificity of SNAP Lepto using serum, serum samples from 90 horses with confirmed leptospiral ERU and from 103 ocularly healthy horses were tested by both MAT and SNAP Lepto. Sensitivity was similar for both tests (0.82 vs. 0.79), but specificity was lower for MAT (0.52 vs. 0.95). Sensitivity and specificity are therefore lower in serum samples compared to intraocular samples, however, the SNAP Lepto is far superior to MAT and suitable as a screening method using equine serum.

scholarly journals Evaluation of a Rapid Kit for Detection of IgM against Leptospira in Human

2019 ◽  
Vol 2019 ◽  
pp. 1-4 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mohan Rao ◽  
Fairuz Amran ◽  
Nadia Aqilla
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Predictive Value ◽  
Clinical Manifestations ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
Febrile Illness ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Confirmatory Test ◽  
Standard Laboratory ◽  
Test Efficiency ◽  
Sensitivity Specificity

Introduction. Leptospirosis is an acute febrile illness, known for its protean clinical manifestations and the challenge in differentiating from other infectious diseases. Standardized confirmatory test is antibody dependent and not accessible by the suburban community. This study measures efficiency of an immune-chromatographic assay, Leptocheck WB, in detecting acute leptospirosis. Methods. A total of 142 sera were used for kit evaluation. Sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value (PPV), and negative predictive value (NPV) were calculated by comparing rapid kit results with gold standard laboratory, microscopic agglutination test (MAT). Results. We found this rapid kit to have a sensitivity and specificity of 66.6% and 78.9%, respectively, whereas the PPV and NPV of the kit appeared to be 73.3% and 73.2%, respectively. Discussion. Test efficiency of this rapid kit is reasonable. It is specific in detecting leptospiral antibody and assures clinician of accurate diagnosis by having higher PPV and NPV. It is prompt and efficient in comparison with conventional methods in assisting differential diagnosis. High sensitivity and specificity leptospirosis rapid test is indeed a crucial measure to assist the diagnosis of acute undifferentiated febrile illnesses.

scholarly journals Time scale performance of rapid antigen testing for SARS-COV-2: evaluation of ten rapid antigen assays

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zakarya Abusrewil ◽  
Inas M Alhudiri ◽  
Hamza Kaal ◽  
Salah Edin El Meshri ◽  
Fawzi O Ebrahim ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Symptom Onset ◽  
False Negative ◽  
Rapid Test ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Molecular Diagnostic ◽  
Nasopharyngeal Swab ◽  
Viral Loads ◽  
Biotechnology Research ◽  
Antigen Tests

Background: There is a great demand for more rapid tests for SARS-COV-2 detection to reduce waiting time, boost public health strategies for combating disease, decrease costs, and prevent overwhelming laboratory capacities. This study was conducted to assess the performance of 10 antigen-based rapid assays for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 in nasopharyngeal swab specimens. Methods: We analyzed 231 nasopharyngeal samples collected from October 2020-December 2020, from suspected COVID-19 cases and contacts of positive cases at Biotechnology Research Center laboratories, Tripoli, Libya. The performance of 10 COVID-19 Ag rapid test devices (Fluorecare, ESPLINE, RapiGen, Abbott Panbio, Flowflex, Acon, Assut Europe, Orient Gene, CerTest, Bioperfectus, AMP) for the detection of SARS-CoV-2 antigen was compared to RT-qPCR. Results: Among the 108 positive samples detected by RT-qPCR, the COVID-19 antigen (Ag) tests detected 83, giving a sensitivity of 76.85% (95% CI, 67.75- 84.43). 161 patients were symptomatic. The median cycle threshold was 25. The mean duration from symptom onset was 6.6 plus/minus 4.3 days. Sensitivity and specificity during the first 6 days of symptoms and in samples with high viral loads ct<25, was 96.4%. No false positives were detected by any of the Ag tests utilized in this study. False negative samples had a median Ct of 34 and average duration of onset of symptoms of 11.3 days (range=5-20). Conclusions: Rapid antigen test diagnosis has high sensitivity and specificity in early disease when patients present less than 7 days of symptom onset. Patients are encouraged to test as soon as they get COVID-19 related symptoms within 1 week and to seek medical advice within 24 hrs. if they develop disturbed smell/taste. The use of rapid antigen tests is important for controlling COVID-19 pandemic and reducing burden on molecular diagnostic laboratories.

scholarly journals A Rapid In-Clinic Test Detects Acute Leptospirosis in Dogs with High Sensitivity and Specificity

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angeli Kodjo ◽  
Christophe Calleja ◽  
Michael Loenser ◽  
Dan Lin ◽  
Joshua Lizer
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity ◽  
Immunochromatographic Test ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Weight Group ◽  
Agglutination Assay ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity And Specificity

A rapid IgM-detection immunochromatographic test (WITNESS® Lepto, Zoetis) has recently become available to identify acute canine leptospirosis at the point of care. Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the test were evaluated by comparison with the microscopic agglutination assay (MAT), using a positive cut-off titer of ≥800. Banked serum samples from dogs exhibiting clinical signs and suspected leptospirosis were selected to form three groups based on MAT titer: (1) positive (n=50); (2) borderline (n=35); and (3) negative (n=50). Using an analysis to weight group sizes to reflect French prevalence, the sensitivity and specificity were 98% and 93.5% (88.2% unweighted), respectively. This test rapidly identifies cases of acute canine leptospirosis with high levels of sensitivity and specificity with no interference from previous vaccination.

scholarly journals Excretory-Secretory Antigens of Trypanosoma cruzi Are Potentially Useful for Serodiagnosis of Chronic Chagas' Disease

2001 ◽  
Vol 8 (5) ◽  
pp. 1024-1027 ◽  
Author(s):  
Mineo Nakazawa ◽  
Daniela S. Rosa ◽  
Valéria R. A. Pereira ◽  
Milena O. Moura ◽  
Veridiana C. Furtado ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Trypanosoma Cruzi ◽  
Chagas Disease ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Chronic Chagas Disease ◽  
Secreted Antigens

ABSTRACT The reactivities of sera from chronic chagasic patients against the trypomastigote excreted-secreted antigens (TESA) of Trypanosoma cruzi strains with different biodemes were analyzed by TESA-blot and TESA–enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Although both tests presented high sensitivity and specificity, TESA-ELISA is more appropriate for screening a larger number of samples.

scholarly journals Detection of Serum Antibodies to Ovine Progressive Pneumonia Virus in Sheep by Using a Caprine Arthritis-Encephalitis Virus Competitive-Inhibition Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay

2003 ◽  
Vol 10 (5) ◽  
pp. 862-865 ◽  
Author(s):  
Lynn M. Herrmann ◽  
William P. Cheevers ◽  
Katherine L. Marshall ◽  
Travis C. McGuire ◽  
Melinda M. Hutton ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Competitive Inhibition ◽  
False Negative ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
The United States ◽  
Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Caprine Arthritis Encephalitis Virus ◽  
Ovine Progressive Pneumonia

ABSTRACT A competitive-inhibition enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (cELISA) for detection of antibodies to the surface envelope (SU) of caprine arthritis-encephalitis virus (CAEV) was recently reported (L. M. Herrmann, W. P. Cheevers, T. C. McGuire, D. Scott Adams, M. M. Hutton, W. G. Gavin, and D. P. Knowles, Clin. Diagn. Lab. Immunol. 10:267-271, 2003). The cELISA utilizes CAEV-63 SU captured on microtiter plates using the monoclonal antibody (MAb) F7-299 and measures competitive displacement of binding of the anti-CAEV MAb GPB 74A by goat serum. The present study evaluated the CAEV cELISA for detection of antibodies to ovine progressive pneumonia virus (OPPV) in sheep. Three hundred thirty-two sera were randomly selected from 21,373 sheep sera collected throughout the United States to determine the sensitivity and specificity of cELISA and agar gel immunodiffusion (AGID) based on immunoprecipitation (IP) of [35S]methionine-labeled OPPV antigens as a standard of comparison. A positive cELISA test was defined as >20.9 percent inhibition (% I) of MAb 74A binding based on two standard deviations above the mean % I of 191 IP-negative sheep sera. At this cutoff, there were 2 of 141 false-negative sera (98.6% sensitivity) and 6 of 191 false-positive sera (96.9% specificity). Sensitivity and specificity values for IP-monitored AGID were comparable to those for cELISA for 314 of 332 sera with unambiguous AGID results. Concordant results by cELISA and IP resolved 16 of the 18 sera that were indeterminate by AGID. Additional studies evaluated cELISA by using 539 sera from a single OPPV-positive flock. Based on IP of 36 of these sera, there was one false-negative by cELISA among 21 IP-positive sera (95.5% sensitivity) and 0 of 15 false-positives (100% specificity). We conclude that the CAEV cELISA can be applied to detection of OPPV antibodies in sheep with high sensitivity and specificity.

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