scholarly journals A Rapid In-Clinic Test Detects Acute Leptospirosis in Dogs with High Sensitivity and Specificity

2016 ◽  
Vol 2016 ◽  
pp. 1-3 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angeli Kodjo ◽  
Christophe Calleja ◽  
Michael Loenser ◽  
Dan Lin ◽  
Joshua Lizer
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity ◽  
Immunochromatographic Test ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Weight Group ◽  
Agglutination Assay ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity And Specificity

A rapid IgM-detection immunochromatographic test (WITNESS® Lepto, Zoetis) has recently become available to identify acute canine leptospirosis at the point of care. Diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of the test were evaluated by comparison with the microscopic agglutination assay (MAT), using a positive cut-off titer of ≥800. Banked serum samples from dogs exhibiting clinical signs and suspected leptospirosis were selected to form three groups based on MAT titer: (1) positive (n=50); (2) borderline (n=35); and (3) negative (n=50). Using an analysis to weight group sizes to reflect French prevalence, the sensitivity and specificity were 98% and 93.5% (88.2% unweighted), respectively. This test rapidly identifies cases of acute canine leptospirosis with high levels of sensitivity and specificity with no interference from previous vaccination.

scholarly journals A Novel Enzyme-Linked Immunosorbent Assay for Diagnosis of Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis Infections (Johne's Disease) in Cattle

2006 ◽  
Vol 13 (5) ◽  
pp. 535-540 ◽  
Author(s):  
C. A. Speer ◽  
M. Cathy Scott ◽  
John P. Bannantine ◽  
W. Ray Waters ◽  
Yasuyuki Mori ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium ◽  
Johne's Disease ◽  
Johne’S Disease ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity ◽  
Enzyme Linked Immunosorbent Assay ◽  
Formaldehyde Concentration ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Mycobacterium Avium Subsp Paratuberculosis ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity And Specificity

ABSTRACT Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays (ELISAs) for the diagnosis of Johne's disease (JD), caused by Mycobacterium avium subsp. paratuberculosis, were developed using whole bacilli treated with formaldehyde (called WELISA) or surface antigens obtained by treatment of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis bacilli with formaldehyde and then brief sonication (called SELISA). ELISA plates were coated with either whole bacilli or sonicated antigens and tested for reactivity against serum obtained from JD-positive and JD-negative cattle or from calves experimentally inoculated with M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis, Mycobacterium avium subsp. avium, or Mycobacterium bovis. Because the initial results obtained from the WELISA and SELISA were similar, most of the subsequent experiments reported herein were performed using the SELISA method. To optimize the SELISA test, various concentrations (3.7 to 37%) of formaldehyde and intervals of sonication (2 to 300 s) were tested. With an increase in formaldehyde concentration and a decreased interval of sonication, there was a concomitant decrease in nonspecific binding by the SELISA. SELISAs prepared by treating M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis with 37% formaldehyde and then a 2-s burst of sonication produced the greatest difference (7×) between M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis-negative and M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis-positive serum samples. The diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for JD by the SELISA were greater than 95%. The SELISA showed subspecies-specific detection of M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis infections in calves experimentally inoculated with M. avium subsp. paratuberculosis or other mycobacteria. Based on diagnostic sensitivity and specificity, the SELISA appears superior to the commercial ELISAs routinely used for the diagnosis of JD.

scholarly journals Point of Care Tuberculosis Sero-Diagnosis Kit for Wild Animals: Combination of Proteins for Improving the Diagnostic Sensitivity and Specificity

2017 ◽  
Vol 58 (1) ◽  
pp. 81-92 ◽  
Author(s):  
Maroudam Veerasami ◽  
K. Venkataraman ◽  
Chitra Karuppannan ◽  
Arun Attur Shanmugam ◽  
Mallepaddi Chand Prudhvi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity ◽  
Wild Animals ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity And Specificity

Trends in Diagnosis for Active Tuberculosis Using Nanomaterials

2019 ◽  
Vol 26 (11) ◽  
pp. 1946-1959 ◽  
Author(s):  
Le Minh Tu Phan ◽  
Lemma Teshome Tufa ◽  
Hwa-Jung Kim ◽  
Jaebeom Lee ◽  
Tae Jung Park
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
High Efficiency ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Signs And Symptoms ◽  
Diagnostic Methods ◽  
Advantages And Disadvantages ◽  
Treatment And Prevention ◽  
Clinical Tools ◽  
Diagnostic Applications

Background:Tuberculosis (TB), one of the leading causes of death worldwide, is difficult to diagnose based only on signs and symptoms. Methods for TB detection are continuously being researched to design novel effective clinical tools for the diagnosis of TB.Objective:This article reviews the methods to diagnose TB at the latent and active stages and to recognize prospective TB diagnostic methods based on nanomaterials.Methods:The current methods for TB diagnosis were reviewed by evaluating their advantages and disadvantages. Furthermore, the trends in TB detection using nanomaterials were discussed regarding their performance capacity for clinical diagnostic applications.Results:Current methods such as microscopy, culture, and tuberculin skin test are still being employed to diagnose TB, however, a highly sensitive point of care tool without false results is still needed. The utilization of nanomaterials to detect the specific TB biomarkers with high sensitivity and specificity can provide a possible strategy to rapidly diagnose TB. Although it is challenging for nanodiagnostic platforms to be assessed in clinical trials, active TB diagnosis using nanomaterials is highly expected to achieve clinical significance for regular application. In addition, aspects and future directions in developing the high-efficiency tools to diagnose active TB using advanced nanomaterials are expounded.Conclusion:This review suggests that nanomaterials have high potential as rapid, costeffective tools to enhance the diagnostic sensitivity and specificity for the accurate diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of TB. Hence, portable nanobiosensors can be alternative effective tests to be exploited globally after clinical trial execution.

scholarly journals Clinical significance of small molecule metabolites in the blood of patients with different types of liver injury

2021 ◽  
Vol 11 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Li ◽  
Yan Wang ◽  
Shizhao Ma ◽  
Chaoqun Zhang ◽  
Hua Liu ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Oleic Acid ◽  
Clinical Diagnosis ◽  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Acid Amide ◽  
Hbv Infection ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity ◽  
Future Research ◽  
Diagnostic Efficacy ◽  
Metabolic Markers ◽  
Diagnostic Sensitivity And Specificity

AbstractTo understand the characteristic of changes of serum metabolites between healthy people and patients with hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection at different stages of disease, and to provide reference metabolomics information for clinical diagnosis of liver disease patients. 255 patients with different stages of HBV infection were selected. 3 mL blood was collected from each patient in the morning to detect differences in serum lysophosphatidylcholine, acetyl-l-carnitine, oleic acid amide, and glycocholic acid concentrations by UFLC-IT-TOF/MS. The diagnostic values of four metabolic substances were evaluated by receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve. The results showed that the optimal cut-off value of oleic acid amide concentration of the liver cirrhosis and HCC groups was 23.6 mg/L, with a diagnostic sensitivity of 88.9% and specificity of 70.6%. The diagnostic efficacies of the three substances were similar in the hepatitis and HCC groups, with an optimal cut-off value of 2.04 mg/L, and a diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of 100% and 47.2%, respectively. The optimal cut-off value of lecithin of the HBV-carrier and HCC groups was 132.85 mg/L, with a diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of 88.9% and 66.7%, respectively. The optimal cut-off value of oleic acid amide of the healthy and HCC groups was 129.03 mg/L, with a diagnostic sensitivity and specificity of 88.4% and 83.3%, respectively. Lysophosphatidylcholine, acetyl-l-carnitine, and oleic acid amide were potential metabolic markers of HCC. Among them, lysophosphatidylcholine was low in the blood of HCC patients, and its diagnostic efficacy was better than that of acetyl-l-carnitine and oleic acid amide, providing reference metabolomics information in clinical diagnosis and future research.

scholarly journals Point-of-care high-sensitivity assay on PATHFAST as the backup in the emergency room

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 ◽  
pp. 239920262110550
Author(s):  
Joško Osredkar ◽  
Katja Krivic ◽  
Teja Fabjan ◽  
Kristina Kumer ◽  
Jure Tršan ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Blood Serum ◽  
Troponin I ◽  
Point Of Care ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Turnaround Time ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Linear Relationships ◽  
Accuracy And Precision ◽  
Laboratory Results ◽  
Key Indicators

Aim: Although the levels of cardiac troponin I (cTnI) have proved to be a useful diagnostic biomarker of acute myocardial infarction, there are a wide variety of point-of-care (POC) analysers, which provide measurements of cTnI. The aim of this study was to compare the results obtained by the ADVIA Centaur ultra-assay cTnI assay (us-cTnI), ADVIA Centaur high-sensitive cTnI assay (hs-cTnI) and a POC high-sensitivity assay using PATHFAST. We also aimed to explore total turnaround time (TAT) for laboratory results using the POC PATHFAST analyser. Methods: Samples from 161 patients were taken. Of these samples, 129 were tested with all three assays (us-cTnI, hs-cTnI and PATHFAST), and 32 samples were tested on PATHFAST for the comparison of whole blood, serum and plasma. Results: Comparison of the POC testing methods in this study demonstrated that there are strong linear relationships between all three cTnI assays (us-cTnI, hs-cTnI and POC on PATHFAST). Furthermore, we also show there are strong linear relationships between the two high-sensitive cTnI assays (hs-cTnI and PATHFAST) for blood serum samples, as determined by Passing–Bablok regression analyses. In our comparison of our new data with our older study, the TAT went down. Conclusion: The timeliness of laboratory results is, in addition to accuracy and precision, one of the key indicators of laboratory performance, and at the same time has a significant impact on the course of the patient’s condition. It is therefore important that the laboratory strives to meet the expectations of clinicians regarding the time from the order to the result of the analysis.

scholarly journals EVALUATION OF ELEVEN IMMUNOCHROMATOGRAPHIC ASSAYS FOR SARS-CoV-2 DETECTION: INVESTIGATING DENGUE CROSS-REACTION

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beatriz Araujo Oliveira ◽  
Lea Campos de Oliveira ◽  
Franciane Mendes de Oliveira ◽  
Geovana Maria Pereira ◽  
Regina Maia de Souza ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Diagnostic Techniques ◽  
Cross Reactivity ◽  
Cross Reaction ◽  
List Type ◽  
Rt Pcr ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Igm Antibodies ◽  
Good Agreement

AbstractBackgroundCOVID-19 disease (Coronavirus disease 2019) caused by SARS-CoV-2 (Severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2) is widespread worldwide, affecting more than 11 million people globally (July 6th, 2020). Diagnostic techniques have been studied in order to contain the pandemic. Immunochromatographic (IC) assays are feasible and low cost alternative for monitoring the spread of COVID-19 in the population.MethodsHere we evaluate the sensitivity and specificity of eleven different immunochromatographic tests in 98 serum samples from confirmed cases of COVID-19 through RT-PCR and 100 negative serum samples from blood donors collected in February 2019. Considering the endemic situation of Dengue in Brazil, we also evaluated the cross-reactivity with Dengue using 20 serum samples from patients with confirmed diagnosis for Dengue collected in early 2019 through four different tests.ResultsOur results demonstrated agreement between immunochromatographic assays and RT-PCR, especially after 10 days since the onset of symptoms. The evaluation of IgG and IgM antibodies combined demonstrated a strong level of agreement (0.85) of IC assays and RT-PCR. It was observed cross-reactivity between Dengue and COVID-19 using four different IC assays for COVID-19 diagnosis. The specificity of IC assays to detected COVID-19 IgM antibodies using Dengue serum samples varied from 80% to 85%; the specificity of IgG detection was 100% and total antibody was 95%.ConclusionsWe found high sensitivity, specificity and good agreement of IC assays, especially after 10 days onset of symptoms. However, we detected cross-reactivity between Dengue and COVID-19 mainly with IgM antibodies demonstrating the need for better studies about diagnostic techniques for these diseases.HighlightsImmunochromatographic assays demonstrated high sensitivity and specificity and good agreement with the gold-standard RT-PCR;Increase in sensitivity and specificity of assays using samples collected after the 10th day of symptoms;Cross-reaction with Dengue serology in evaluation of IgM.

scholarly journals Comparison of Coombs Gel Test with ELISA and Standard Tube Agglutination Tests Used in Serological Diagnosis of Brucellosis

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Cigdem Akalan Kuyumcu ◽  
Serpil Erol ◽  
Rıza Adaleti ◽  
Seniha Senbayrak ◽  
Secil Deniz ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sensitivity And Specificity ◽  
Diagnostic Tests ◽  
Serological Test ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Serological Diagnosis ◽  
Control Groups ◽  
Serum Samples ◽  
Serological Tests ◽  
Reliable Test ◽  
And Control

Objective: Serological tests are the most commonly used tests in the diagnosis of brucellosis; however, each serological test has some drawbacks. In this study, we aimed to determine the value of the Brucella Coombs gel test (BCGT) in the serological diagnosis of brucellosis in comparison with Standard tube agglutination (STA) and ELISA tests. Materials and Methods: The study included 42 patients who were considered to have brucellosis as a preliminary diagnosis. BCGT, Brucella-IgM/IgG ELISA, and STA tests were performed from serum samples of the patients. The correlation of the diagnostic tests was analyzed using Cohen’s Kappa Analysis.  Results: Twenty-seven (64.2%) of 42 patients were diagnosed with brucellosis according to their medical history and clinical and serological tests. The sensitivity and specificity of BCGT to diagnose brucellosis was 96.2%, and 100%, respectively. The sensitivity and specificity for the diagnosis of brucellosis 62.9% and 100% for STA, respectively; 33.3% and 66.6% for Brucella-IgM; and 66.6% and 100% for Brucella-IgG. BCGT was significantly correlated with STA (κ= 0.590) and Brucella-IgG (κ=0.539) Conclusion: BCGT can be utilized as a simple and reliable test in the diagnosis of brucellosis with high sensitivity and specificity. Nevertheless, the sensitivity and specificity of BCGT should be demonstrated by comprehensive studies, including culture-confirmed cases and control groups.

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