scholarly journals Investigating suitability of treated wastewater for agriculture in Hawassa, Sidama region, Ethiopia

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (2) ◽  
pp. 59-65
Author(s):  
Kannan Narayanan ◽  
Ayele Getachew
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Sewage Water ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Soil Parameters ◽  
Treated Water ◽  
Fodder Crops ◽  
Continuous Use

This study is based on the quality of wastewater from Hawassa University surroundings, which was assessed to determine its suitability for irrigation purposes during 2019. Grab samples of influent and the treated water were taken for assessing for quality parameters. The study revealed that the treated water could be used for irrigation purpose with some moderate restrictions. Even though Electrical Conductivity (EC) and Total Dissolved Solids (TDS) permit to irrigate fruit trees and fodder crops, there is a risk of soil degradation due to high value of Sodium Adsorption Ratio (SAR). Results also indicated that carbonate, potassium and phosphate exceeded the specified limits for wastewater reuse in agriculture. Despite increased nutritive elements, continuous use of treated sewage water for irrigation will make the soil acidic. Analysis of soil parameters indicated that there is an increase in nitrogen, phosphate and potassium nutrient levels considerably to benefit crop production but increase in soil EC is a serious concern. Int. J. Agril. Res. Innov. Tech. 10(2): 59-65, December 2020

Viability of increasing the tariff of freshwater for irrigation as a tool to stimulate wastewater reuse in the MENA region

2008 ◽  
Vol 57 (9) ◽  
pp. 1475-1481 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Abu-Madi ◽  
R. Al-Sa'ed ◽  
O. Braadbaart ◽  
G. Alaerts
Keyword(s):  
North Africa ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Financial Resource ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Agricultural Water ◽  
Reclaimed Wastewater ◽  
Mena Region ◽  
Level Of Knowledge ◽  
Better Than

Despite water scarcity and high agricultural water demand in the Middle East and North Africa region, substantial proportions of treated wastewater are discharged into the environment and seas without proper utilization. All countries of the region, low pricing of reclaimed wastewater is a common tool to make reuse attractive. However, low pricing of reclaimed wastewater is ineffectual due to farmers' access to freshwater for irrigation at low tariff. Therefore, increasing the prices of freshwater in such a way that does not jeopardize feasibility of agriculture would promote irrigation with reclaimed wastewater even at increased prices. On one hand, it increases the gap between the price of freshwater and that of reclaimed wastewater, making the later more attractive. On the other hand, it would be used as a financial resource for funding the investment costs of the infrastructure needed for conveyance and distribution of reclaimed wastewater. This paper studies the viability of increasing the prices of freshwater and reclaimed wastewater. The results show that irrigation with reclaimed wastewater even for restricted irrigation can be as profitable as, and sometimes better than, freshwater irrigation. Some of the permitted crops such as fruit trees can be more profitable than vegetables. Thus, it appears that the level of knowledge farmers and others on the benefits of reclaimed wastewater is still limited.

The reuse of treated wastewater for agricultural purposes in Nicaragua; Central America

2004 ◽  
Vol 50 (2) ◽  
pp. 293-300 ◽  
Author(s):  
M. Platzer ◽  
V. Cáceres ◽  
N. Fong
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Domestic Wastewater ◽  
Average Concentration ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Medium Size ◽  
Faecal Coliforms ◽  
Crop Species ◽  
Potential Health ◽  
Vegetables And Fruits

The first subsurface flow wetland (SSFW) system for about 1,000 PE, was constructed in Nicaragua in 1996 to apply this technology in the form of an integral project, combining the treatment of domestic wastewater with its reuse for crop production in small and medium size communities. The SSFW-effluent meets all standards established in the national regulations for wastewater reuse in agriculture, except for faecal coliforms, existent at an average concentration of 7 × 104 MPN/100 ml. A conventional surface irrigation method was used to irrigate different crop species selected to establish their risk of contamination. To judge the potential health risk for consumers and farmers, samples of vegetables and fruits harvested in the dry seasons of the years 1997 to 2002, were analyzed for the presence of pathogenic microorganisms like faecal coliforms, salmonella and shigella. In addition, a yield comparison between crops irrigated with well water using chemical fertilizers, and crops irrigated with the effluent of the SSFW-system was made, to analyze the economical benefits of the wastewater reuse.

scholarly journals Production of Formosa papaya seedlings irrigated with wastewater and application of biostimulant

2020 ◽  
Vol 11 ◽  
pp. e3153
Author(s):  
Elias Ariel Moura ◽  
Luana Mendes Oliveira ◽  
Vander Mendonça ◽  
Luciana Medeiros de Freitas Mendonça ◽  
Francisco Romário Andrade Figueiredo ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Crop Production ◽  
Qualitative Data ◽  
Carica Papaya ◽  
Potable Water ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Fish Farming ◽  
Fruit Trees ◽  
Content Index ◽  
Number Of Leaves ◽  
High Concentrations

Papaya (Carica papaya L.) is one of the leading fruit trees in Brazil, mainly in the Northeast region. However, some regions suffer from water scarcity, making wastewater reuse a viable alternative for crop production. Also, biostimulants may be used to maximize papaya growth and development. Thus, this work aimed to evaluate the use of Acadian® biostimulant in the growth of Formosa papaya seedlings irrigated with different concentrations of fish-farming wastewater. The experiment was block randomized in a 2 x 5 factorial scheme, use and non-use of biostimulant and five concentrations of wastewater (0, 10, 20, 30, and 40%) diluted in potable water, with four replicates. Qualitative data were compared by t-test at 5% probability, and quantitative data were submitted to regression analysis. Results showed that high concentrations of wastewater negatively affect the production of Formosa papaya seedlings. Acadian® negatively influences plant height, number of leaves, and the ratio between shoot and root. However, the seaweed biostimulant positively influenced the chlorophyll content index.

Wastewater Reuse in Landscape and Agricultural Development in Doha, Qatar

1989 ◽  
Vol 21 (6-7) ◽  
pp. 421-426 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shamim Ahmad
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Development ◽  
Economic Value ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Planning Stage ◽  
Effluent Reuse ◽  
Treated Effluent ◽  
Treated Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Fodder Crops ◽  
The Aesthetic

Excessive use of potable water in irrigation can be reduced considerably through treated wastewater reuse specially when fresh water resources in Qatar are scarce and the water supply depends on the limited groundwater and costly desalinated water. In view of the use of treated effluent in irrigation, the infiltration of brackish groundwater into the sewerage system should be eliminated and stringent standards to control leakages should be laid for new construction. The wastewater treatment methods and the effluent quality in general meet the criteria and standards governing the use of effluent in irrigation of landscape and agriculture. The reuse plan controls pollution by eliminating discharge of the wastewater to the gulf and contributes to the aesthetic and economic value of the area. The development of green areas along the roadside reservations and sidewalks through effluent reuse has been successful.The cultivation of fodder crops and development of forestry through effluent irrigation in agricultural farms far from the centre of population seems feasible and safe. However it is necessary to consider and evaluate the social and religious factors at the planning stage of the reuse schemes. With adequate planning,surviellance programme,health education,training of workers and awareness amongst the population, effluent reuse can be practised with minimum health risk and confidence can be established in the users.

scholarly journals Exogenous application of gibberellic acid and selenium to endorse quality and yield of fodder maize under rainfed conditions

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 291-305
Author(s):  
Asma Hassan ◽  
Lubna Ayub Durrani
Keyword(s):  
Gibberellic Acid ◽  
Crop Production ◽  
Animal Feed ◽  
Farming System ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Mitigation Strategies ◽  
Neutral Detergent Fiber ◽  
Ecological Zones ◽  
Fodder Production ◽  
Fodder Crops

Good quality and economical availability of fodder could be a substitute for crop production in the farming system of dryland areas. In Pakistan, the increasing demands of fodder crops for animal feed require immediate attention to find viable options for fodder production. Additionally, climate change, land detritions, and imbalanced use of chemicals led to an agro-ecological imbalance which needs to focus on mitigation strategies and practices. Therefore, the experiment was conducted three different rainfed areas of Punjab with aims to increase fodder maize quality by application of Gibberellic acid (GA3) and Selenium (Se) to overcome the forage scarcity issue in rainfed areas. The highest fresh biomass and leaf area were recorded by the application of GA75+Se0.75 followed by GA50+Se0.50 at 60 DAS. Similarly, the data about the silage quality traits indicated that more total dry matter (TDM), TDN, Crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), Crude fiber (CF), acid detergent fiber (ADF), ash contents (AC) were recorded in Afgoi compared to Sohni Dhart 623. Among the experimental locations, the highest TDM, TDN, NDF, ADF and AC were found for the crop planted at NARC followed by URF, Koont and the least values of these traits were recorded for GRS, Attock. Among the different combinations of growth regulators, the highest TDM, TDN, CF, CP and NDF were recorded for GA75+Se0.75 followed by GA50+Se0.50. The above findings conclude that exogenously application of GA75+Se0.75 plays a promising role in the improvement of fodder growth and quality parameters of silage in Afgoi verity at different water stress agro-ecological zones.

Helminth eggs in wastewater: quantification technique

1995 ◽  
Vol 31 (5-6) ◽  
pp. 443-446 ◽  
Author(s):  
P. G. Gaspard ◽  
J. Schwartzbrod
Keyword(s):  
Waste Water ◽  
Water Analysis ◽  
Zinc Sulphate ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Agricultural Wastewater ◽  
Helminth Eggs ◽  
Waste Water Analysis ◽  
Good Homogeneity

In the framework of agricultural wastewater reuse, the W.H.O. has defined a parasitological quality for sewage with less than one nematode egg per liter. The purpose of this work is to define an effective method to detect helminth eggs in wastewater. Seven techniques have been applied to waste water analysis, with a comparison of their respective results, varying from 26 to 74 %. Be it in the framework of artificial contamination or on site, the best results were obtained with the diphasic technique perfected at the laboratory including a treatment with antiformine at 8 % + ethylacetate followed by a flotation with zinc sulphate at 55%. The validation in the laboratory of the methods performance on treated wastewater allowed us to show that the yield of the method is significantly independent of the egg concentration as well as giving good homogeneity of results with a concentration of 1 egg/litre.

Managing urban wastewater for maximising water resource utilization

1999 ◽  
Vol 39 (10-11) ◽  
pp. 353-356 ◽  
Author(s):  
Gideon Tredoux ◽  
Peter King ◽  
Lisa Cavé
Keyword(s):  
Water Resource ◽  
Industrial Wastewater ◽  
Water Resource Management ◽  
Quality Parameters ◽  
Base Flow ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Groundwater Exploitation ◽  
Trade Area ◽  
Management Scheme ◽  
Domestic Effluent

The Atlantis Water Resource Management Scheme uses artificial recharge of urban stormwater and treated wastewater to augment the natural groundwater resource. The key to the success of the scheme is the fractionation of the stormwater into components of distinctly different quality, and the separate treatment of domestic and industrial wastewater for different end-uses. The groundwater exploitation strategy is largely controlled by water quality requirements. Reuse of domestic and industrial wastewater depends on quality parameters. Tertiary treated domestic effluent is destined for indirect reuse via the aquifer, while treated industrial wastewater is used together with spent regenerant brine and stormwater from the noxious trade area for preventing seawater intrusion. Both residential and industrial stormwater is separated into the base flow and storm flow components and utilised for various purposes. The sustainable operation of the water resource scheme serves as a prototype for the optimal use of water and protection of the environment.

Wastewater Reuse for River Recovery in Semi-Arid Israel

1999 ◽  
Vol 40 (4-5) ◽  
pp. 43-50 ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcelo Juanico ◽  
Eran Friedler
Keyword(s):  
Water Quality ◽  
Quality Management ◽  
Water Reuse ◽  
Water Quality Management ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Water Source ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Reclaimed Wastewater ◽  
Pollution Impacts ◽  
Semi Arid

Most of the water has been captured in the rivers of Israel and they have turned into dry river-beds which deliver only sporadic winter floods. In a semi-arid country where literally every drop of water is used, reclaimed wastewater is the most feasible water source for river recovery. Two topics are addressed in this paper: water quality management in rivers where most of the flowing water is treated wastewater, and the allocations of reclaimed wastewater required for the recovery of rivers and streams. Water quality management must consider that the main source of water to the river has a pollution loading which reduces its capability to absorb other pollution impacts. The allocation of treated wastewater for the revival of rivers may not affect negatively the water balance of the region; it may eventually improve it. An upstream bruto allocation of 122 MCM/year of wastewater for the recovery of 14 rivers in Israel may favor downstream reuse of this wastewater, resulting in a small neto allocation and in an increase of the water resources available to the country. The discharge of effluents upstream to revive the river followed by their re-capture downstream for irrigation, implies a further stage in the intensification of water reuse.

scholarly journals Optimal Implementation of Wastewater Reuse in Existing Sewerage Systems to Improve Resilience and Sustainability in Water Supply Systems

Water ◽  
2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (15) ◽  
pp. 2004
Author(s):  
Aakash Dev ◽  
Timo C. Dilly ◽  
Amin E. Bakhshipour ◽  
Ulrich Dittmer ◽  
S. Murty Bhallamudi
Keyword(s):  
Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Water Supply ◽  
Wastewater Reuse ◽  
Treated Wastewater ◽  
Water Supply Systems ◽  
Test Cases ◽  
Decentralized Wastewater Treatment ◽  
Graywater Reuse ◽  
The Cost ◽  
Supply Systems

A transition from conventional centralized to hybrid decentralized systems has been increasingly advised recently due to their capability to enhance the resilience and sustainability of urban water supply systems. Reusing treated wastewater for non-potable purposes is a promising opportunity toward the aforementioned resolutions. In this study, we present two optimization models for integrating reusing systems into existing sewerage systems to bridge the supply–demand gap in an existing water supply system. In Model-1, the supply–demand gap is bridged by introducing on-site graywater treatment and reuse, and in Model-2, the gap is bridged by decentralized wastewater treatment and reuse. The applicability of the proposed models is evaluated using two test cases: one a proof-of-concept hypothetical network and the other a near realistic network based on the sewerage network in Chennai, India. The results show that the proposed models outperform the existing approaches by achieving more than a 20% reduction in the cost of procuring water and more than a 36% reduction in the demand for freshwater through the implementation of local on-site graywater reuse for both test cases. These numbers are about 12% and 34% respectively for the implementation of decentralized wastewater treatment and reuse.

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