scholarly journals Evaluation of Recently Developed Regression Equation with Direct Measurement of Low-density Lipoprotein Cholesterol in a Bangladeshi Population

2015 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 75-79
Author(s):  
Md Fazley Rabbi Sha ◽  
Abdul Hai Siddique ◽  
Muhammad Saiedullah ◽  
Md Aminul Haque Khan
Keyword(s):  
Direct Measurement ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Mean Value ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Regression Equation ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Significant Difference

Background: Meaningful underestimation of low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol is an important shortcoming of Friedewald’s formula (FF) at higher triglyceride (TG) levels. Recently a regression equation (RE) has been developed using lipid profiles in one setting and validated externally for the calculation of LDL cholesterol. This newly developed RE requires more studies in different settings.Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the performance of the regression equation against direct measurement.Materials and Methods: Lipid profiles of 600 subjects attending a tertiary healthcare center were included in this study. Specimens were collected and lipid profiles were measured by standard methods. Sixty two lipid profiles with TG above 400 mg/dL were excluded. Calculated LDL cholesterol values using FF and RE were compared with measured LDL cholesterol by Pearson’s correlation test, Passing & Bablok regression, accuracy within ±5% and ±12% of measured LDL cholesterol and two-tailed paired t test at various TG ranges.Results: The mean value of LDL cholesterol was 148.6 ± 37.2 mg/dL for direct measurement, 146.9 ± 42.4 mg/dL for FF and 148.6 ± 34.7 mg/dL for RE. The correlation coefficients of calculated LDL cholesterol values with measured LDL cholesterol were 0.949 (p<0.001) for FF and 0.959 (p<0.001) for RE. Passing & Bablok regression equation against measured LDL cholesterol was y = 0.897x + 16.2 for FF and y = 1.0842x – 13.1 for RE. Accuracy within ±5% of measured LDL cholesterol was 45% for FF, 57% for RE and within ±12% of measured LDL cholesterol was 84% for FF, 93% for RE. When calculated LDL cholesterol was compared with measured LDL cholesterol at different TG ranges, FF significantly underestimated LDL cholesterol at TG concentrations above 200 mg/dL whereas no significant difference was observed for RE.Conclusion: This study reveals that RE equation has similar performance to direct measurement for calculation of LDL cholesterolJ Enam Med Col 2015; 5(2): 75-79

Direct Measurement of Low Density Lipoprotein in Whole Blood by Silver-Enhanced Gold-Labelled Immunoassay

1992 ◽  
Vol 29 (3) ◽  
pp. 283-286 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nishith Patel ◽  
Bernard F Rocks ◽  
S Andrew Iversen
Keyword(s):  
Direct Measurement ◽  
Whole Blood ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Silver Ions ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Good Precision ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Antigen Complex

A competitive silver-enhanced gold-labelled immunoassay has been developed for the direct measurement of low density lipoprotein (LDL) in whole blood. Immobilized LDL and sample LDL compete for added antibody. Quantitation of the bound antibody/antigen complex is achieved by the addition of gold-labelled antiimmunoglobulin G followed by enhancement of absorbance by addition of silver ions. Whole-blood samples from fasting patients were assayed directly for LDL by the procedure and the corresponding plasma samples were assayed for total cholesterol, high density lipoprotein and triglycerides followed by the indirect calculation of LDL cholesterol. The correlation between the two methods was good (r = 0·82) and the SEGLISA exhibited good precision.

scholarly journals Effect of Diet Containing Gracilaria Sp. Waste and Multi-Enzyme Additives on Blood Lipid Profile of Local Duck

2016 ◽  
Vol 18 (1) ◽  
pp. 22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Nurul Frasiska ◽  
Edjeng Suprijatna ◽  
Siti Susanti
Keyword(s):  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Blood Lipid ◽  
Lipid Profiles ◽  
Metabolic Energy ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Blood Lipid Profile ◽  
Randomized Design ◽  
Completely Randomized Design

This study was aimed to evaluate the effect of diet containing waste of seaweed Gracilaria sp. on local duck blood lipid profiles including cholesterol, triglycerides, low density lipoprotein (LDL), and high density lipoprotein (HDL). The material in this study were  72 female Tegal ducks aged 22 weeks with 1,318 ± 121 gaverage body weight, diets containing Gracilaria sp. waste (GW) with 18% protein and 2900 kcal/kg metabolic energy and 150 g/ton feed commercial multi-enzyme (ME).  Data were subject to Completely Randomized Design with 6 treatments, (T0) Basal Diets, (T0+) Basal Diets with ME, (T1) Diets with 10% GW, (T1+) Diets with 10% GW + ME, (T2+) Diets with 12.5 % GW + ME, and (T3+) Diets with 15% GW + ME. The treatment was givenfor 12 weeks and blood sample was taken onthe last week. The serum was separated and analyzed for blood lipid profiles using CHOD-PAP. Results showed that diet with 12.5%GW  plus multi-enzyme additives significantly (P<0.05) affected blood lipid profiles of local duck, tended to lower triglycerides and LDL Cholesterol, but increase blood HDL levels.

scholarly journals Evaluation of Performance of the Newly Developed de Cordova's Formula for Calculation of Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterol without Use of Triglycerides

2014 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 10-14
Author(s):  
Abdul Hai Siddique ◽  
Muhammad Saiedullah ◽  
Nasreen Chowdhury ◽  
Md Aminul Haque Khan
Keyword(s):  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Correlation Coefficients ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Serum Triglycerides ◽  
Mean Values ◽  
Evaluation Of Performance ◽  
Bangladeshi Population

Background: Various formulas are available to estimate serum low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol. All of these are serum triglycerides (TG) dependent. But very recently de Cordova et al developed a simple formula (CF) to calculate LDL cholesterol without using serum TG and claimed it to be more accurate than Friedewald.s formula (FF). Objective: The objective of the present study was to evaluate the performance of the CF for the calculation of LDL cholesterol in a Bangladeshi population. Materials and Methods: Three hundred and sixty adult Bangladeshi subjects were purposively included in this study. Serum total cholesterol (TC), TG, high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and LDL cholesterol were measured by direct automated methods. LDL cholesterol was also calculated by CF and FF. Results were expressed in conventional unit as mean ± SD and compared by two-tailed paired t test, bias against measured LDL cholesterol, Pearson's correlation coefficient (r), Passing & Bablok regression and accuracy within ±10% of the measured LDL cholesterol. Results: The mean values of directly measured LDL cholesterol, LDL cholesterol calculated by CF and FF were 117.7 ± 31.0, 111.8 ± 31.0 and 108.9 ± 39.7 mg/dL respectively. Bias of calculated LDL cholesterol against measured LDL cholesterol was -5.2% for CF and -9.6% for FF. The correlation coefficients of measured LDL cholesterol were 0.9796 (p<0.001) for CF and 0.9525 (p<0.001) for FF. Passing & Bablok regression yielded the equation y = 0.9938x - 6.2 for CF and y = 1.2774x - 40.9 for FF. Accuracy within ±10% of measured LDL cholesterol was 81% for CF and 49% for FF. Conclusion: This study revealed better performance of the de Cordova's formula than Friedewald's formula for approximate calculation of LDL cholesterol without using serum triglycerides. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jemc.v4i1.18062 J Enam Med Col 2014; 4(1): 10-14

Platelet Aggregation and Plasma Lipoproteins in Alcoholics During Alcohol Withdrawal

1986 ◽  
Vol 55 (02) ◽  
pp. 173-177 ◽  
Author(s):  
K Desai ◽  
J S Owen ◽  
D T Wilson ◽  
R A Hutton
Keyword(s):  
Platelet Aggregation ◽  
Alcohol Withdrawal ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Plasma Lipoprotein ◽  
Cholesterol Concentration ◽  
Arachidonic Acid Content ◽  
Low Density

SummaryPlatelet aggregation, platelet lipid composition and plasma lipoprotein concentrations were measured each week in a group of seventeen alcoholics, without overt liver disease, for one month, following acute, total alcohol withdrawal. The platelets were initially hypoaggregable but, within 1-2 weeks of cessation of drinking, they became hyperaggregable and then gradually returned towards normal values. Hyperaggregability could not be explained by increases in either the cholesterol or the arachidonic acid content of the platelets. Plasma very-low-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels remained high throughout the study, but the initially raised levels of high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol fell by 26%. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol concentration rose by 10% after two weeks of withdrawal but then returned to about the starting level. The resulting changes in the plasma LDL-cholesterol: HDL-cholesterol ratio, which had increased by more than 50% after two weeks of abstinence, essentially paralleled the time course of enhanced platelet reactivity in all but four of the alcoholics. These findings suggest that alterations in plasma lipoprotein concentrations during acute alcohol withdrawal may be a contributory factor to the haemostatic disorders present in such patients.

scholarly journals Effects of Weight Gain after 20 Years of Age and Incidence of Hyper-Low-Density Lipoprotein Cholesterolemia: The Iki Epidemiological Study of Atherosclerosis and Chronic Kidney Disease (ISSA-CKD)

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (14) ◽  
pp. 3098
Author(s):  
Shota Okutsu ◽  
Yoshifumi Kato ◽  
Shunsuke Funakoshi ◽  
Toshiki Maeda ◽  
Chikara Yoshimura ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Weight Gain ◽  
General Population ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Population Based ◽  
Lipid Lowering ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Obesity Hypertension ◽  
Old Men

The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of long-term weight gain from the age of 20 on incidence of hyper-low-density-lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterolemia in the general population of Japanese people. Methods: We conducted a population-based retrospective cohort study using annual health checkup data for residents of Iki City, Nagasaki Prefecture, Japan. A total of 3179 adult (≥30 years old) men and women without hyper-LDL cholesterolemia at baseline, who underwent two or more health checkups were included in the analysis. Information on weight gain (≥10 kg) after 20 years of age was obtained using questionnaire. The outcome of this study was development of hyper-LDL cholesterolemia defined as LDL-cholesterol level ≥3.62 mmol/L and/or initiation of lipid-lowering medications. Results: During a mean follow-up period of 4.53 years, 665 of the 3179 participants developed hyper-LDL cholesterolemia (46.5/1000 person-years). The incidence of hyper-LDL cholesterolemia was higher in participants with a weight gain of ≥10 kg (55.3/1000 person-years) than among those with a weight gain of <10 kg (41.8/1000 person-years). This association remained statistically significant even after adjustment for age, sex, smoking, daily drinking, exercise, obesity, hypertension, and diabetes (multivariable hazard ratio 1.31, 95% confidence interval 1.08–1.58, p = 0.006). Conclusion: A weight gain of ≥10 after 20 years of age affected the development of hyper-LDL cholesterol regardless of age, sex, and obesity in a general population of Japanese.

Effect of the periparturient period on serum lipid and cholesterol lipoprotein concentrations in goats (Capra hircus)

2011 ◽  
Vol 59 (4) ◽  
pp. 445-454 ◽  
Author(s):  
Ewa Skotnicka ◽  
Zbigniew Muszczyński ◽  
Maria Suska
Keyword(s):  
Serum Lipid ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Hdl Cholesterol ◽  
Capra Hircus ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Total Lipids ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
Periparturient Period

Blood samples were taken from 12 goats during the periparturient period (4 and 1 weeks before and 2, 10 and 30 days after delivery), and from 10 nonpregnant goats. The following variables were determined: total lipids (TL), triacylglycerol (TG), total cholesterol (TCH) and high-density lipoprotein (HDL) cholesterol and low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol fractions. One week before delivery TL (2.32 ± 0.12 g/l, P ≤ 0.05), TG (0.32 ± 0.16 mmol/l, P ≤ 0.001) and TCH concentrations (1.65 ± 0.42 mmol/l, P ≤ 0.05) were significantly increased as compared to non-pregnant goats (2.08 ± 0.28 g/l, 0.15 ± 0.05 mmol/l, 1.38 ± 0.19 mmol/l, respectively). After delivery, the concentrations of TL, TG, TCH and HDL decreased significantly. The lowest TG concentration was observed 2 days after delivery (0.18 ± 0.02 mmol/l), while TL (1.73 ± 0.21 g/l), TCH (0.95 ± 0.21 mmol/l) and HDL (0.74 ± 0.16 mmol/l) reached the lowest level 10 days after delivery. Two days after delivery a significant increase of LDL concentration was observed (0.38 ± 0.04 mmol/l); however, ten days after delivery a threefold decrease was shown in the LDL concentration (0.12 ± 0.04 mmol/l). A month after delivery all the variables studied reached levels similar to those measured in non-pregnant goats.

Abstract P307: Chitin-Glucan Fiber Effects on Oxidized Low-Density Lipoprotein: A Randomized Controlled Trial

Circulation ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 125 (suppl_10) ◽  
Author(s):  
Joseph L Evans ◽  
Harold Bays ◽  
Kevin C Maki ◽  
Mal Evans ◽  
Veronique Maquet ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Complications ◽  
Ldl Cholesterol ◽  
Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Secondary Outcome ◽  
Low Density ◽  
Oxidized Low Density Lipoprotein ◽  
Treatment Groups ◽  
Cholesterol Levels ◽  
Insoluble Fiber

Oxidized low-density lipoprotein (OxLDL) is believed to play a role in the progression of atherosclerotic coronary heart disease (CHD) and the development of diabetes complications. This randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study of a novel insoluble fiber derived from the mycelium Aspergillus niger , chitin-glucan (CG) (ARTINIA™), evaluated 135 patients with fasting LDL-cholesterol 130-189.9 mg/dl and fasting glucose <=125 mg/dl. Participants were randomly assigned to receive CG (4.5 g/day; n=34), CG (1.5 g/day; n=33), CG (1.5 g/day) plus olive extract (n=33), or matching placebo (n=35) for 6 weeks. The primary outcome measure was the between-group difference in OxLDL. Secondary outcome measurements included effects upon lipid, glucose, insulin, and F2-isoprostane levels. After 6 weeks, CG 4.5 g/day (CG-4.5) significantly reduced mean OxLDL 3.8 U/L compared to baseline (58.0 U/L vs 61.8 U/L, respectively; P =0.006), and reduced OxLDL 4.97 U/L compared to placebo (P=<0.05). Other treatment groups generally had no significant effect upon OxLDL. CG treatment groups reduced LDL-cholesterol levels 3.2–;6.5% compared to placebo (P<0.05). In this study population without diabetes mellitus or elevated glucose levels, CG did not significantly affect high density lipoprotein cholesterol, triglycerides, glucose, insulin, F2-isoprostanes, or the homeostasis model assessment of insulin resistance. Treatments were well tolerated and with adverse experiences comparable to placebo. These results suggest that chitin-glucan, a novel insoluble fiber, may significantly reduce OxLDL and LDL-cholesterol levels, which may have therapeutic implications for patients at risk for CHD or other diabetes complications.

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