scholarly journals Effectiveness of Social Safety Net Programs on Community Resilience to Hazard Vulnerable Population in Bangladesh

2015 ◽  
Vol 6 (1) ◽  
pp. 123-129 ◽  
Author(s):  
R Hassan ◽  
MS Islam ◽  
ASM Saifullah ◽  
M Islam
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Storm Surges ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Social Safety Net ◽  
River Flood ◽  
Population Vulnerability ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Technical Guidance

A number of Social Safety Net Programs (SSNPs) are the measures taken by the government of Bangladesh in order to reduce the portion of its population vulnerability to natural disaster. Bangladesh has a comprehensive portfolio of both food, cash and income generating technology based SSNPs. This study assessed the current status of SSNPs and its effectiveness in Bagerhat (cyclone and coastal flood prone) and Gaibandha (river flood prone) districts. Specially, the study depicted SSNPs within the view of natural hazards (climatic change impacts shocks, floods, cyclones and storm surges, flash floods, drought, tornadoes and landslides). This study showed that the organizational performance in the delivery of SSNPs as well as its technical guidance provided to task teams and program managers for identifying indicators of governance and service quality in the targeted SSNPs programs. This study identified that the governance issues along the results chain of service delivery and suggested policy and performance indicators for assessing the program had a significant impact of the outcome of the SSNPs.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jesnr.v6i1.22052 J. Environ. Sci. & Natural Resources, 6(1): 123-129 2013

scholarly journals The Social Safety Nets and Poverty Alleviation in Pakistan: An Evaluation of Livelihood Enhancement and Protection Programme

2021 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 21-36
Author(s):  
Asif Javed ◽  
Vaqar Ahmed ◽  
Bakhrul Khair Amal
Keyword(s):  
Poverty Alleviation ◽  
Skills Training ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Sustainable Livelihood ◽  
Social Safety Net ◽  
Safety Nets ◽  
Poor Households ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government ◽  
Social Safety Nets

Sustainable Development Goal (SDG) 1 intends to end poverty of all forms and the government of Pakistan is also targeting poverty alleviation through social safety nets. ‘Ehsaas’ is the major social safety nets proramme which include various initiatives that are benefiting millions of households. The study examines the state of poverty in Pakistan and also highlights the spending under each social safety net. Furthermore, the study also evaluates the Livelihood Enhancement and Protection (LEP) programme which is a major initiative for poverty alleviation under Ehsaas programme. Survey in Khyber Pakhtunkhawa and Balochistan provinces were conducted of those beneficiaries who are getting asset and skills training. It was found that asset provision and skills trainings are helpful in increasing the earnings and provide sustainable livelihood opportunities to poor households.

Pushing for Policy Innovation

2019 ◽  
pp. 122-147
Author(s):  
Marianne S. Ulriksen
Keyword(s):  
Old Age ◽  
Policy Development ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Domestic Institutions ◽  
Social Safety Net ◽  
Political Interests ◽  
The Government ◽  
Policy Solutions

In the early 2000s, there was low elite commitment to social protection in Tanzania. Yet, in 2012, the government officially launched a countrywide social safety net programme and a year later announced the introduction of an old-age pension. This chapter explores what explains the change in elite commitment to social protection between the early 2000s and 2015. The analysis takes an ideational approach, and it is shown how the promotion of social protection has been driven by international and domestic institutions with the resources, expertise, and authority to present policy solutions fitting the elite’s general ideas about Tanzania’s development challenges and possible responses thereto. Thus, ideas play an important role in policy development but they may also be vulnerable to political interests that can challenge the long-term sustainability of promoted policies.

Targeting Vulnerable People with a Social Safety Net: Lessons from the CFW Program for the 2011 Great East Japan Earthquake and Tsunami Disaster

2016 ◽  
Vol 11 (5) ◽  
pp. 926-934
Author(s):  
Shingo Nagamatsu ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Population Group ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Job Applicants ◽  
Social Safety Net ◽  
Unemployed People ◽  
Tsunami Disaster ◽  
The Government ◽  
Social Safety Nets ◽  
Private Safety Net ◽  
Simple Selection

The Emergency Job Creation (EJC) program in which unemployed people are hired for recovery works funded by the government was introduced after the 2011 earthquake and tsunami disaster in Japan. The program is very similar to Cash for Work (CFW) programs that are often implemented as social safety nets (SSNs). This paper evaluates how the EJC program targeted those most in need. From four projects, 938 participants were sampled and simple selection bias tests were conducted among job applicants in the region where the project was undertaken. Participants of the EJC program included more single females and irregular workers than the population group, thus demonstrating the EJC’s self-targeting function. Around 80% of participants were without dependent family members implying that there are two types of potential participants: those who prefer limited responsibilities with relatively low wages, and those who prefer a larger burden of responsibility with relatively higher wages. Because the wages provided by the EJC program may be high enough for the former, but too low for the latter, the program eventually excluded the second group. Similar programs in future should provide other types of jobs corresponding to people’s preferences. Previously unemployed participants were likely to be those who lost their houses; that damage had pushed them into the labor market. Because of the relatively minor existing SSN for housing damage, the EJC program served as an important safety net for disaster-affected people without a private safety net such as insurance.

scholarly journals Ecuador

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (379) ◽  
Author(s):  
Keyword(s):  
Central Bank ◽  
Economic Reform ◽  
Negative Impact ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Social Safety Net ◽  
Social Unrest ◽  
National Assembly ◽  
The Social ◽  
Fuel Subsidies ◽  
The Government

A 36-month Extended Fund Facility (EFF) arrangement with access of SDR 3.035 billion (435 percent of quota or about US$4.189 billion) was approved on March 11, 2019. The first review was concluded on June 28, 2019. At the beginning of October, an economic reform package was announced, including the immediate liberalization of prices for gasoline and diesel. Following protracted protests and social unrest, the authorities retracted the decree mandating the removal of fuel subsidies. The government continues to negotiate a revised fuel subsidy decree with a broad representation of civil society and hopes to reach an agreement in the foreseeable future. Completing the upgrade of the social safety net, recently initiated by the government, remains a priority and a prerequisite for a successful fuel subsidy reform. On November 17, 70 out of 133 legislators voted to reject an urgent package of economic laws, including key reforms under the program: a tax code, central bank code, and organic budget code. The government submitted a revised version of the tax code to the National Assembly as an urgent economic reform; this version was approved with minor modifications on December 9. The government also intends to submit revised drafts of the central bank and organic budget codes separately in the coming months, after internalizing feedback from lawmakers. Economic growth has slowed as projected in 2019, and in 2020, a less contractionary fiscal stance and higher oil production than previously expected should help mitigate the potential negative impact of political uncertainty and provide a fillip to the economy.

scholarly journals Role of social safety net programmes for ensuring food security and reducing poverty in char area of Jamalpur district in Bangladesh

2019 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 75-85
Author(s):  
SA Badhan ◽  
S Haque ◽  
M Akteruzzaman ◽  
N Zaman ◽  
K Nahar ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Old Age ◽  
Poverty Reduction ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Survey Method ◽  
Calorie Intake ◽  
Consumption Pattern ◽  
Social Safety Net ◽  
The Government

The study has been conducted to assess the social safety net programmes for ensuring food security and poverty reduction in char area of Jamalpur district, Bangladesh during the period of July-August in 2016. Survey method was used to collect primary data from Madargonj upazila of Jamalpur district. A total of 60 sample households were selected purposively for collecting data where 25 were under old age allowance, 15 were widow allowance and 20 were VGF/VGD card holders. Descriptive and tabular analysis was used to achieve the major objectives of the study. There are many Safety Net Programmes launched in the study area, like old age allowance, widow allowance, VGD/VGF, test relief, food for works and so on. The findings showed that after getting the allowance, the food consumption pattern, health, etc. are improving. Before joining SSNPs, about 77% people were food insecure but now the value is 68% and their calorie intake is 1834 kcal. The food security index became 0.79 and the food insecure household fall short of required calorie intake by 18 percent. It has been found that about 55% respondents are living below the poverty line but the joining to the SSNP, their situation is improving. Finally, it can be said that the SSNPs are much effective and could be a successful poverty alleviation strategy for the Government of Bangladesh. Progressive Agriculture 30 (1): 75-85, 2019

scholarly journals The Impact of the digitalization and the policy changes on the Savings Instruments (Saving Certificates) in Bangladesh: a response from the investors.

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 (08) ◽  
pp. 2353-2365
Author(s):  
Ashish Basak
Keyword(s):  
Investment Decision ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Social Safety Net ◽  
The People ◽  
The Government ◽  
Identity Cards ◽  
Tax Savings ◽  
The Impact ◽  
Recent Policy

Investment in the National Savings Certificate (NSC) has been the most popular savings instrument among the people of Bangladesh that provides guaranteed returns with tax savings. The government of Bangladesh mainly issues the NSCs to collect money from small and scattered savings of general people. It brings marginal and special populations into the Government's social safety net programs for ensuring an equitable and poverty-free society. Recently the authority has introduced automation and regulatory deterrents such as making mandatory the submission of e-TIN, national identity cards, bank accounts, cheque transactions, and increased deduction at source. My research has attempted to identify the impact of the policy changes on the investors’ minds and how they react. This study suggests that recent policy changes and the requirement for the mandatory documents to purchase NSCs have no impact on the investment decision as people still consider this is the most attractive and secures means of investment.

Culture and Creative Industry in China: Critical Review on the Current Research Trends and Future Development

2016 ◽  
Vol 13 (06) ◽  
pp. 1640016 ◽  
Author(s):  
Yue-Hong Xu ◽  
Lucy Lu ◽  
Zhi-Xiang Yao
Keyword(s):  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Development Strategy ◽  
Critical Review ◽  
Strategic Decision ◽  
Systemic Review ◽  
Current Status ◽  
Chinese Government ◽  
Creative Industry ◽  
China National Knowledge Infrastructure ◽  
The Government

Developing culture and creative industry has become an important agenda for the Chinese government in terms of building an innovation-oriented economy that is supported by culture and creativity. Research on culture and creative industry in China also appeared in various policy documents as well as academic journals and publications in recent years, although there is no uniform classification on what “culture and creative industry” should encompass. This paper aims to provide a comprehensive and critical review on the current status of culture and creative research in China and identify the extent to which the current research reflect and support on China’s new economic development strategy underpinned by culture and creativity. By selecting and reviewing literatures from China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI) database, it has been identified that current research on culture and creativity tends to focus on developed cities/regions using descriptive approach and issues are discussed at conceptual and macro-level. On one hand, our findings support the general trends of growth and significance of culture and creative industry in China. On the other hand, we also identify the lack of systemic review and comprehensive research in this area hinders the process of strategic decision-making by the government and organizational performance in the industry. We recommend that more critical review and in-depth research through multi-disciplinary approach should be supported in order to provide comprehensive understanding on the development and trends of culture and creative industry in China and inform government policies.

scholarly journals Does Social Capital Increase Innovation Speed? Empirical Evidence from China

2019 ◽  
Vol 11 (22) ◽  
pp. 6432 ◽  
Author(s):  
Xiaotang Zhang ◽  
Haili Zhang ◽  
Michael Song
Keyword(s):  
Social Capital ◽  
Competitive Advantage ◽  
Organizational Performance ◽  
Sustainable Competitive Advantage ◽  
Organizational Growth ◽  
Performance Framework ◽  
Speed Performance ◽  
The Government ◽  
And Performance ◽  
Cognitive Social Capital

Past studies have suggested that social capital is a sustainable competitive advantage that leads to sustainable organizational growth and performance. However, few studies have explored how innovation speed moderates the relationship between social capital and sustainable organizational performance in China where the government plays key roles in promoting sustainable development goals. This paper develops a “social capital-innovation speed-performance” framework to investigate the mechanism of social capital influencing innovation speed, which in turn affects sustainable organizational growth and performance. Based on data collected from 125 Chinese firms, hierarchical moderated regression analyses indicate that structural social capital positively affects sustainable organizational performance but has no significant impact on sustainable innovation speed; relational social capital has no significant impact on sustainable organizational performance and is negatively correlated with innovation speed; cognitive social capital positively correlates with sustainable organizational performance and affects innovation speed, and government ties affect sustainable organizational performance and positively impact innovation speed. The study findings suggest that in China, increasing government ties is the most important social capital in creating sustainable organizational growth and performance. Both cognitive social capital and government ties are conducive to accelerating innovation speed, which gives firms a sustainable competitive advantage to achieve sustainable organizational performance.

An empirical analysis of altruistic consumer behaviour and economic welfare of households in pakistan

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 83-108
Author(s):  
Abdul Saboor ◽  
Saira Saeed ◽  
Gulnaz Hameed
Keyword(s):  
Consumer Behaviour ◽  
Recent Literature ◽  
Complete Information ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Personal Attributes ◽  
Social Safety Net ◽  
High Tendency ◽  
Long Run ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Government

The recent literature supports the fact that choices of individual are not always rational. They are bounded rational not just because of lack of complete information but due to involvement of individual personal attributes in decision making. This study is aimed at evaluating the effect of altruistic behaviour on the welfare of some selected households. Cluster-based sampling has been used with a sample size of 1000 household covering 36 major districts of Punjab. The analysis revealed that the traditional utility maximization model positively impacted charitable donations on household welfare. This study found a high tendency of altruistic consumer behaviour among households. Altruism on the model of an individual to individual connection can improve community welfare in the long run. In this regard, the benefits of giving charity should be widely demonstrated through a formal government system, which will help improve the social welfare of society. By Publicizing the services of charity for donor, the contribution will increase across all income groups. The government needs to develop specific policies that can use charity for community development. By mobilizing individuals' donations, the burden on the part of the government can be shared in terms of projects based on the social safety net.

scholarly journals Effectiveness of Social Safety Net Programs for Poor People in the Government Level of Bangladesh

2016 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
pp. 153-158
Author(s):  
Md. Ashraful Alam ◽  
Sheikh Abir Hossain
Keyword(s):  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Social Protection ◽  
Safety Net ◽  
Poor People ◽  
Social Safety Net ◽  
Poor Growth ◽  
Organization And Management ◽  
The Government ◽  
Development Literature ◽  
Government Level

Social Safety Nets (SSNs) and the wider topic of Social Protection have assumed a centrality within the development literature in recent years. Publicly-sponsored protection of the poor and vulnerable has emerged from the shadows to become a mainstream concern for policymakers. The contribution of SSNs is now viewed not merely in terms of their impact on challenged families, but their systemic benefits - in enabling higher levels of employment and entrepreneurship, sustaining household consumption and human capital, securing pro-poor growth and promoting social inclusion and national cohesion. A body of experience, ranging across continents, has now been established to inform the building of functional social protection systems. Yet in spite of this new consensus much controversy remains. A crucial first step in the development of a well-fitted national approach is the balancing of experience elsewhere with the national context. The ambit of SSNs in Bangladesh is often wide and fragmented. These typically include welfare payments, work guarantee schemes and conditional cash transfers; and comprise both on and off-budget allocations and a plethora of programs supported by donors. Gaining an understanding of the nature of provision and its functionality is another important first step in crafting a pro-development social protection system. This research provides information about different social safety net programs in government level. An attempt has been made to explore the effectiveness and the existing problems of current social safety net programs. The study also discusses the status and accessibility of beneficiaries in selected areas as well as advantages, limitations and prospects for social security in the context of this country. Besides, it also assesses the opinions of non-beneficiaries who know more or less about the programs. Finally the paper suggests that there is a need to establish workable and sustainable effects among recipients. It also recommends that systematic efforts should be made urgently for the proper organization and management of safety net programs.Int. J. Soc. Sc. Manage. Vol. 3, Issue-3: 153-158

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