scholarly journals Diabetic Foot Care - A Public Health Problem

2011 ◽  
Vol 12 (2) ◽  
pp. 109-114 ◽  
Author(s):  
Jamil Ahmed Somroo ◽  
Anjum Hashmi ◽  
Zafar Iqbal ◽  
Aslam Ghori
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Fungal Infections ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Foot Health ◽  
Care Practices

Background: Diabetes is global epidemic with devastating human, social and economic consequences. The disease claims as many lives per year as HIV/AIDS and places a severe burden on healthcare systems and economies everywhere, with the heaviest burden falling on low- and middle-income countries. Despite this, awareness of the global scale of the diabetes threat remains pitifully low, inappropriate diabetic foot care affects, feet health leading to callosities, cracks, fissures, fungal infections, ingrown toe nails and patients end up in ulcers and amputations. Objectives: To assess diabetic patients taking proper foot care according to International Guidelines and its impact on their foot health. Methods: A cross sectional study was conducted at outdoor patients department of Medicine, Liaquat University of Medical Sciences Hospital Hyderabad from 17th January 2008 to 16th January 2009. 100 diabetic patients were selected by non probability convenience sampling according to Performa having questions regarding diabetic foot care derived from American Diabetic Association Guidelines for Diabetic Foot care. Results: Diabetic patients taking proper foot care was only 6%. There were 45(45%) males and 55(55%) females. Mean age was 51.57+10.72 years. 38% patients knew about foot care. 17% used to inspect their feet daily, 20% washed their feet daily, while 73% washed their feet more than once. 23% patients dried their feet after every foot wash, 27% applied emollients, 25% checked shoes before wearing, 24% used to wear correct shoes, 8% used to wear cotton socks and 36% used to walk bare feet. Foot care practices on foot health has statistically highly significant association (p<0.01) e.g. number of foot washes with foot hygiene, fungal infections with proper foot drying, emollient application with skin texture, cracks and fissures. Associations of proper foot care were statistically significant with literacy status of patients and foot care teachings (p<0.05). Conclusion: Few diabetic patients are taking proper foot care. Proper Foot care practices were associated with provision of education of foot care and literacy status of patients. Community health education programs regarding diabetic foot care will likely to reduce diabetic foot complications. Keyword: Diabetes, Foot care education, Diabetic foot care, Diabetic foot, Ulceration; Prevention. DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/jom.v12i2.7604 JOM 2011; 12(2): 109-114

scholarly journals Factors associated with wound healing outcome among Diabetic Foot patients- A cross sectional Study

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 36-46
Author(s):  
M Jayalakshmi ◽  
P Thenmozhi
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Wound Management ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Patients With Diabetes ◽  
One Year

Diabetic foot ulcer (DFU) has been identified as the leading reason for hospitalization among patients with diabetes. Patients with diabetes are at greater risk of complications, the most important of them are diabetic neuropathy and peripheral vascular disorders leading to the development of foot ulcers. The problem is generally faced and as well is considered as one among the most common complications of diabetes that affect millions of people all over the world. The current study, aimed to document the clinical profile and healing outcome of diabetic foot ulcer management which may become guidance for further improvement in wound management among diabetic foot ulcer patients. Cross sectional descriptive study was conducted over one-year period of time. A total of 246 Diabetic patients with a foot ulcer of Grade 1 to 3 participated in the study. Patients with higher grade ulcers of Grade 4 and 5 were excluded from the study. Final data analysis of 160 patients was done using SPSS version 20. The prevalence of Grade 2 and 3 ulcers were observed 54.37% and 31.8 % while Grade 1 ulcer was observed 13.75%. No risk factors were found to be significantly associated with diabetic foot ulcer. Wound was healed well in 50 % and partially healed in 21 % of the participants. Wound remains unchanged in 3 % of study participants, while 8% of participants underwent toe amputation. Foot ulceration is a preventable in many diabetic patients with adequate education, routine foot care and attention to foot wear.

scholarly journals Pie risk, una herramienta para la prevención del pie diabético

2017 ◽  
Vol 3 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-34
Author(s):  
Arturo Orduz ◽  
Claudia Tique ◽  
Ingrid Stetphens ◽  
Andrés González ◽  
Barengo Noel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Glycosylated Hemoglobin ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Clinical Expertise ◽  
Medical Visit ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factores De Riesgo

Introducción: El pie diabético es un problema de salud pública debido a su elevada frecuencia, severidad y a su impacto económico. En la etapa prepatogénica, el pie presenta alteraciones funcionales y estructurales que de no detectarse a tiempo pueden progresar a la úlcera. Sin embargo, el examen de los pies no se realiza en la mayoría de las consultas. La prevención primaria y la detección oportuna deben tener lugar en el primer nivel de atención.Objetivo: Desarrollar y validar un instrumento simple y práctico para clasificar de manera temprana el pie del paciente diabético en riesgo por parte de la enfermera entrenada antes de la visita a su médico tratante, teniendo en cuenta todos los elementos patogénicos.Métodos: Estudio transversal. Se creó una escala a partir de la experiencia clínica en donde se califican ocho factores de riesgo para desarrollar ulceración: tiempo de diabetes desde el diagnóstico, control metabólico, presencia de síntomas de neuropatía diabética, diagnóstico de la neuropatía por monofi- lamento, presencia de claudicación intermitente y ausencia de pulsos periféricos, presencia de deformidades, presencia de infecciones locales e historia anterior de úlceras que sanaron, amputaciones menores o pie de Charcot. Los puntajes fueron asignados según gravedad. Esta herramienta fue aplicada a un grupo de 204 diabéticos con ulceración y 207 pacientes diabéticos sin ulceración.Resultados: El promedio de edad fue de 65 años, el 42,8% de los pacientes eran hombres. La edad y todos los ítems de la escala, excepto hemoglobina glucosilada, fueron asociados con la presencia de úlcera. Usando un punto de corte de 10 puntos, la herramienta tuvo una sensibilidad del 100% y una especificidad del 73,4% para el diagnóstico de úlcera, con un área bajo la curva ROC de 0,992(IC 95%, 0,986 A 0,998).Conclusión: La herramienta “pie risk” es útil para la calificación y valoración del riesgo de pie diabético.Abstract Background: The diabetic foot is a public health problem due to its frequency, severity and economic impact. In prepathogenic phases, the foot presents structural and functional alterations that, if not detected opportunely, will progress to an ulcer. However, a thorough examination of the diabetic patient’s feet is often eluded in routine health controls. Objective: To develop and validate a simple and practical instrument for early classification of the diabetic foot risk that can be easily applied by a trained nurse before the medical visit. Methods: Cross-sectional study. Based on clinical expertise, a scale with eight risk factors for foot ulcer was developed: time from diagnosis, glycosylated hemoglobin, neuropathy symptoms, monofilament test, absent pulses or claudication; deformities, local infection and history of either amputation, ulceration or Charcot foot. Item scores were assigned based on severity. The tool was tested in a group of 204 ulcerated diabetic patients and 207 of non-ulcerated diabetic patients. Results: Median age was 65 years, 42.8% of patients were male. Age and all scale items except glycosylated hemoglobin were statically associated with ulcer presence. Using the proposed cut point of 10 points, the scale has 100% sensitivity and73.4% specificity for ulcer diagnosis, with an area under the ROC curve of 0.992 (95% CI 0.986 to 0.998). Conclusions: ‘Pie risk’ is a useful tool for the evaluation and risk assessment of the diabetic patient.

scholarly journals Perception of Self-care and Self-care Practice of Diabetic Patients Attending Selected Hospitals in Oyo State, Nigeria

2021 ◽  
Vol 1 (2) ◽  
pp. 50-59
Author(s):  
Aina M.A. ◽  
Agbede C.O.
Keyword(s):  
Glucose Monitoring ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Perception Of Self ◽  
Care Practices

Patients with diabetes require continuous self-care practice as poor self-care results in complications. This study assessed the perception of self-care and self-care practice of diabetic patients attending selected hospitals in Oyo State, Nigeria. An institutional-based cross-sectional study was employed and a total of 120 diabetic patients were selected using a systematic random sampling technique. Pretested, structured, and interview administered questionnaires were used for data collection. The collected data were analysed using IBM SPSS version 23 to generate descriptive (Mean and standard deviation) and inferential (Chi-square and correlation) statistics. The respondents had a mean perception score of 30.68±7.56. Majority 113(94.2%) of the respondents had poor self-care practices. Respondents’ perception was significantly correlate with patient physical activity (r= 0.184; p=0.004); healthy eating (r=-0.24; p= 0.026); glucose monitoring (r=0.319; p=0.000); compliance with medication (r= 0.438; p = 0.00); risk reduction (r= 0.229; p=0.012) However, patient perception is not correlated with foot care (r= 0.052; p=0.575). Patient’s perception of diabetes is a key determinant of self-care. It is recommended that psycho cognitive interventions are developed to help patients practice the recommended self-care practices.

scholarly journals Perceived self-efficacy and self-care practices among diabetic patients in a Tertiary Hospital, Nepal

2021 ◽  
Vol 5 (1) ◽  
pp. 25-32
Author(s):  
N. Dwa ◽  
B. Panthee
Keyword(s):  
Self Efficacy ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Public Health Problem ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Major Public Health Problem ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Quality Life ◽  
Care Practices

Background: Diabetes Mellitus (DM) is a major public health problem worldwide and Nepal is not an exception. Complications of DM are in rise which results in major disabilities and poor quality of life. But evidences show that adoption of self-care practices can prevent those complications leading a healthy and quality life. Self-care practice is closely related to self-efficacy. Thus, present study aimed to assess perceived self-efficacy and self-care practices and to examine relationship between perceived self-efficacy and self-care practice of patients with Diabetes. Methods: This analytical cross-sectional study conducted in Patan Hospital among 100 patients was reviewed and approved by Institutional Review Committee. Samples were selected purposively and data was collected by face to face interview technique. Diabetes Self-Efficacy Scale and self-care practice questionnaire was used to measure self-efficacy and self-care practice, respectively. Results: Fifty nine percent and 81% of participants had moderate level of perceived self-efficacy and good self-care practice, respectively. There was significant moderate positive (r=0.62, p<0.001) correlation between perceived self-efficacy and self-care practice even after controlling the variables (e.g. age, gender and participation in educational program regarding self-care). Conclusion: The self-efficacy of participants was moderate and self-care practice was good. However, self-care practice was very low on foot care and exercise. The significant positive relationship between perceived self-efficacy and self-care practice highlights the need for conducting educational activities for patients with DM to increase self-efficacy thereby increasing self-care practice.  

scholarly journals A STUDY ON KNOWLEDGE, ATTITUDES, AND PRACTICES FOR THE PREVENTION OF DIABETIC FOOT IN RURAL TERTIARY CARE TEACHING HOSPITAL

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (9) ◽  
pp. 138
Author(s):  
Gopal Teli ◽  
B. G. Ponnappa
Keyword(s):  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Tertiary Care ◽  
Self Care ◽  
Research Centre ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Attitudes And Practices ◽  
The Mean

Objective: To assess the knowledge, attitude, and practice of diabetic patients regarding care of their own feet.Methods: This is a cross-sectional study conducted in the inpatient department of surgery at Adichunchanagiri hospital and research centre, B. G. Nagara, Karnataka, India from 1st Nov. 2016 to 31st Dec. 2016. The relation between gender and knowledge, attitude and practices of people with diabetes patients were compared by using the Chi-square test at 95% confidence interval at p<0.05.Results: Out of 51 patients, 72.54% were male and 27.46% female and 45.1% of the patients were in the age range 61-80 y. The mean SD of the age was 60.49±14.02. The mean SD of body weight of the patient was 66.17±8.54. The majority of the patients 45.1% were farmers and 41.7% were illiterate. Most of them did not know the practice of correct foot hygiene (39.22%) and what abnormalities observe in their feet (66.67%). We found that 90.2% patients were engaged in foot self-care practice and more than half of them (54.1%) always inspected their footwear before using it. Interestingly, more women were involved in foot care (100%) as compared to men (86.46%) but statistically not significant (p=0.147).Conclusion: We found that patients were not having sufficient knowledge about the correct hygiene of the foot, what abnormalities to observe in their feet and about ideal footwear. Even though females were showing interest towards self-care examination and foot care practice, it is essential that all the diabetic patients must be educated about the knowledge, attitude and foot self-care practice to prevent diabetic foot related complications.

scholarly journals Prevalence of Diabetic Foot Ulcer and Associated Factors among Adult Diabetic Patients Who Attend the Diabetic Follow-Up Clinic at the University of Gondar Referral Hospital, North West Ethiopia, 2016: Institutional-Based Cross-Sectional Study

2017 ◽  
Vol 2017 ◽  
pp. 1-8 ◽  
Author(s):  
Tesfamichael G. Mariam ◽  
Abebaw Alemayehu ◽  
Eleni Tesfaye ◽  
Worku Mequannt ◽  
Kiber Temesgen ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Foot Ulcer ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Factors Associated

Diabetes mellitus is a metabolic disorder which is characterized by multiple long-term complications that affect almost every system in the body. Foot ulcers are one of the main complications of diabetes mellitus. However, there is limited evidence on the occurrence of foot ulcer and influencing factors in Ethiopia. An institutional-based cross-sectional study was conducted in Gondar University Hospital, Ethiopia, to investigate foot ulcer occurrence in diabetic patients. Systematic random sampling was used to select 279 study participants. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression model was fitted to identify factors associated with diabetic foot ulcer. Odds ratio with 95% confidence interval was computed to determine the level of significance. Diabetic foot ulcer was found to be 13.6%. Rural residence [AOR = 2.57; 95% CI: 1.42, 5.93], type II diabetes mellitus [AOR = 2.58; 95% CI: 1.22, 6.45], overweight [AOR = 2.12; 95% CI: 1.15, 3.10], obesity [AOR = 2.65; 95% CI: 1.25, 5.83], poor foot self-care practice [AOR = 2.52; 95% CI: 1.21, 6.53], and neuropathy [AOR = 21.76; 95% CI: 8.43, 57.47] were factors associated with diabetic foot ulcer. Diabetic foot ulcer was found to be high. Provision of special emphasis for rural residence, decreasing excessive weight gain, managing neuropathy, and promoting foot self-care practice would decrease diabetic foot ulcer.

scholarly journals Assessment of Prevalence, Associations ,Knowledge, and Practices about Diabetic Foot Disease in a Tertiary Care Hospital in Colombo, Sri Lanka

2020 ◽  
Vol 2020 ◽  
pp. 1-7
Author(s):  
V. T. S. Kaluarachchi ◽  
D. U. S. Bulugahapitiya ◽  
M. H. Arambewela ◽  
M. D. Jayasooriya ◽  
C. H. De Silva ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Peripheral Neuropathy ◽  
Sri Lanka ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Foot Ulcer ◽  
Diabetic Patients ◽  
Care Hospital ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Diabetic Foot Disease ◽  
Care Practices ◽  
Foot Disease

Background. One in five adults in Sri Lanka has either diabetes or prediabetes, and one-third of those with diabetes are undiagnosed. Diabetic foot is a debilitating condition affecting up to 50% of patients with both type 1 and type 2 diabetes. The risk of nontraumatic lower limb amputations is 15 times higher in diabetic patients when compared with nondiabetics. Patient education about correct foot care practices is the cornerstone of prevention of diabetic foot disease. Objective. To assess the prevalence of diabetic foot disease, knowledge, and practices about diabetic foot care among diabetic patients. Methods. 334 patients attending the diabetic clinic in Colombo South Teaching Hospital were recruited according to the inclusion and exclusion criteria. Data were collected using 3 questionnaires, and they were filled using the foot examination findings, patients’ medical records, and direct interviewing of the patients. Results. The mean age of the patients included in the study was 58.23 ± 10.65 years while the median duration of diabetes was 10.54 ± 7.32 years. 34.1% patients had peripheral neuropathy, and 29.5% had peripheral vascular disease. Diabetic foot disease according to the WHO definition was present only in 23 (6.9%) patients. There was a significant association between peripheral neuropathy and current or past foot ulcer which took more than 2 weeks to heal ( p < 0.05 ). Knowledge about foot care was less among the studied population, and it was associated with poor foot care practices. Presence of diabetic foot and current or past foot ulcer which took more than 2 weeks to heal were significantly associated with the foot care knowledge and practices ( p < 0.05 ) Conclusion. Improvement of patients’ knowledge about foot care and their practices have a significant impact on the reduction of diabetic foot disease.

scholarly journals Diabetic Foot Care Practice and its Associated Factors among Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus Patients Attending Primary Health Clinics in Kuantan, Malaysia: A Cross Sectional Study

2020 ◽  
Vol 19 (2) ◽  
Author(s):  
Azmi NH ◽  
Abdul Hadi A ◽  
Md Aris MA ◽  
Nasreen HE ◽  
Che-Ahmad A
Keyword(s):  
Diabetes Mellitus ◽  
Diabetic Foot ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
Care Practice ◽  
Sectional Study ◽  
Foot Care ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Health Clinics ◽  
Primary Health

  INTRODUCTION: One of the most important and debilitating complication of diabetes mellitus is foot problem such as ulcers, infections and amputations. However, these complications are preventable by simple intervention such as regular foot care practice. This study aims to assess the foot care practice and its associated factors among type 2 diabetes mellitus patients attending primary health clinics in Kuantan. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a cross-sectional study conducted at four primary health clinics in Kuantan involving 450 study participants who were selected by using universal sampling method. Level of awareness and practice toward diabetic foot care was assessed using validated self-administered questionnaire. Multiple logistic regressions were performed to identify factors associated with poor foot care practice among the respondents. RESULTS: About 59.6% of respondents had poor foot care practice and 50.9% had poor awareness level. Multivariate logistic regression analysis identified that, increasing age (OR  0.97, 95% CI: 0.955-0.993) and good awareness towards foot problem (OR  0.43, 95%CI: 0.289-0.643) were less likely to have poor foot care practice. However, Malay ethnicity (OR 1.81, 95% CI: 1.002-3.271) and obesity (OR  1.9, 95% CI: 1.225-2.976) were associated with poor foot care practice after controlling other variables. CONCLUSION: Majority of the respondents had poor foot care practice and poor awareness. Respondents who are older and have better awareness are less likely to have poor foot care practice. Diabetic patients who are Malays and/or obese are predicted to have poor diabetic foot practice and hence must be prioritized for a sustainable patient education and compliance towards foot care practice at primary care level. 

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