scholarly journals Isolation and Detection of Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Escherichia coli from Ducks in Bangladesh and Nepal

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 6-8
Author(s):  
Avishek Singh ◽  
Md Shahidur Rahman Khan ◽  
Sukumar Saha ◽  
Jayedul Hassan ◽  
Urmi Roy
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Typical Lesion ◽  
Different Origins ◽  
Biochemical Examination

A total of 120 rectal swab samples from ducks (sixty samples from Nepalgunj area of Nepal and 60 from Boyera area under Mymensingh district of Bangladesh) were collected for the isolation of Escherichia coli and their antibiogram study. After cultural and biochemical examination, a total of 40 samples from Nepalgunj and 45 samples from Boyera were found positive for E. coli. Pathogenicity study of 10 positive isolates from Nepalgunj and 12 positive isolates from Boyera were done to detect the presence of enterotoxin. All inoculated mice died showing typical lesion of extensive hemorrhage and massive edema. The isolates from two different origins showed major difference in their antibiogram study. The isolates of Nepal were highly sensitive to ciprofloxacin, co-trimoxazole, chloramphenicol and amoxicillin; moderately sensitive to nalidixic acid and; less sensitive to kanamycin and resistant to cephalexin. However, the isolates of Bangladesh were highly sensitive to ciprofloxacin, chloramphenicol and amoxicillin; moderately sensitive to nalidixic acid, cephalexin, and co-trimoxazole; less sensitive to kanamycin. This variation of antibiotic sensitivity and resistance patterns among the E. coli isolates of Nepal and Bangladesh might be due to strain variations and indiscriminate use of antibiotics in these two different countries.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/mh.v1i1.13704 Microbes and Health Vol.1(1) June 2012 pp.6-8

scholarly journals ISOLATION AND CHARACTERIZATION OF ESCHERICHIA COLI FROM BUFFALO CALVES IN SOME SELECTED AREAS OF BANGLADESH

1970 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 23-26 ◽  
Author(s):  
SK Paul ◽  
MSR Khan ◽  
MA Rashid ◽  
J Hassan ◽  
SMS Mahmud
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Rectal Swab ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Buffalo Calves ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Isolation And Characterization ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Highly Sensitive

The research works was conducted with a view to isolate and identify the Escherichia coli (E. coli) organism from diarrhoeic cases of buffalo reared in selected areas of Bangladesh as well the prevalence and antibiotic sensitivity pattern of the isolated E. coli in the Department of Microbiology and Hygiene, Bangladesh Agricultural University (BAU), Mymensingh-2202 during the period from April 2008 to May 2009. A total of 50 rectal swab samples were collected from 4 different places namely Haluaghat and Boira of Mymensingh, Madupur of Tangail and Kazipur of Sirajgonj districts. The samples were aseptically carried to the laboratory of the Department of Microbiology and Hygiene and subjected to different cultural, morphological and biochemical examinations. Upon cultural, morphological and biochemical examinations 23 (45%) samples were found to be positive for E. coli. The highest prevalence was found in Haluaghat, Mymensingh (53.33%) and the lowest (40.00%) in Boira, Mymensingh and Kazipur, Sirajganj. Antibiogram study revealed that the isolated E. coli was highly sensitive to Enrofloxacin and Ciprofloxacin, moderately sensitive to Cefalexin and Amoxicillin, and resistant to Nalidixic acid and Erythromycin. DOI = 10.3329/bjvm.v8i1.7398 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2010). 8(1): 23-26

scholarly journals Characterization and Antibiogram of Escherichia coli Associated with Mortality in Broilers and Ducklings in Bangladesh

1970 ◽  
Vol 2 (1) ◽  
pp. 9-14 ◽  
Author(s):  
MT Islam ◽  
MA Islam ◽  
MA Samad ◽  
SML Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
High Rate ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Biochemical Studies ◽  
Increasing Trend ◽  
Escherichia Coli Infection ◽  
Hemorrhagic Enteritis

Mortality in broilers (6.56%) and growing ducks (11.0%) caused by Escherichia coli was recorded in the experimental flocks study during the period from May to August 2003. E. coli organisms isolated from broiler birds affected with characteristic lesions of omphalitis and yolk sac infection, fibrinous pericarditis and peri-hepatitis , hemorrhagic enteritis, and accumulation of excessive pericardial and peritoneal fluid, whereas from ducks with lesions of hemorrhagic enteritis and extensive epicardial hemorrhages. Each of the 21 isolates collected from broilers and 11 isolates from ducks was characterized by cultural and biochemical studies, of which 8 isolates from broilers and 5 isolates from ducks were tested for antibiotic sensitivity with 9 different antibiotics. The antibiotic sensitivity pattern showed that the isolates were highly sensitive to ciprofloxacin but an increasing trend of resistance was recorded in broilers (7 / 9) than duck (4 / 9) isolates. It may be concluded from the results of this study that the high rate of E. coli infection in broilers and ducks along with the high resistance of isolates to antibiotics constitute a threat to the poultry industry in Bangladesh. Key words: Escherichia coli infection; mortality; broilers; ducks; characterization; antibiogram doi: 10.3329/bjvm.v2i1.1927 Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2004). 2 (1) : 09-14

scholarly journals Haemato-biochemical Changes and Antibiotic Sensitivity to Eschericia coli Associated with Concurrent Enteric and Septicaemic Infection in Calves

1970 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
pp. 39-43 ◽  
Author(s):  
MA Samad ◽  
MA Islam ◽  
KA Hossain ◽  
MT Islam ◽  
S Saha
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Serum Magnesium ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Blood Samples ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Drug Of Choice ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Highly Sensitive ◽  
Escherichia Coli Infection ◽  
First Time

Concurrent enteric and septicaemic Escherichia coli infection was recorded in six local calves aged between 8 to 12 months old for the first time in Bangladesh during the period from May to June 2002. Bacteriologic examination of both the faecal and blood samples of six febrile calves showed positive for E. coli of all the six faecal (100%) and only two blood (33.33%) samples. Clinical examination revealed significantly (p < 0.01) high rectal temperature at peak febrile stage which varied from 103.5 to 106°F with a mean of 104.7 ± 0.85°F. The fever associated signs and clinical anaemia were recorded in all these calves. Haematological examination showed significantly (p < 0.01) decreased haemoglobin (5.58 ± 0.45 g%), packed cell volume (19.83 ± 1.95 %), total erythrocytic count (3.52 ± 0.58  106/ mm3) and total leukocytic count (6.68 ± 0.44  103 / mm3) which indicates anaemia and leukopenia at the peak febrile stage of the disease. Biochemical studies showed significantly (p < 0.05) increased that serum magnesium and iron values were at fever stage, whereas serum phosphorus significantly (p < 0.01) decreased at the 4th day (convalescent stage) but no significant (p > 0.05) change was observed with the serum calcium, sodium, potassium and chloride values between prefever and fever stage. Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of E. coli isolated from faecal and blood samples revealed that these isolates were found to be resistant to penicillin, ampicillin and amoxycillin, moderately sensitive to gentamicin and streptomycin but highly sensitive to tetracycline. This indicates that tetracycline could be the drug of choice for both the septicaemic and enteric E. coli infection in calves. Key words: Haematobiochemical; Escherichia coli; enteric; septicemic; infection; calves DOI = 10.3329/bjvm.v1i1.1916 Bangl. J. Vet. Med.  (2003). 1(1) : 39 - 43

scholarly journals In Vitro Antimicrobial Sensitivity of Escherichia coli Isolated from Clinical Sources

1970 ◽  
Vol 34 (1) ◽  
pp. 99-101
Author(s):  
Mohammad Shahriar ◽  
Mahboob Hossain ◽  
Shaila Kabir
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Antimicrobial Sensitivity ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Low Sensitivity ◽  
Academy Of Sciences ◽  
Higher Sensitivity

A study of antimicrobial sensitivity of Escherichia coli (E. coli) isolated from clinical sourcesof different diagnostic centers of Dhaka, Bangladesh was carried out to facilitate the choice of drugin the management of E. coli induced symptoms. Very low sensitivity of E. coli towards ampicillin(4%), aztreonam (4%), cloxacillin (5%), nalidixic acid (5%), ciprofloxacin (7.5%), ceftriaxone(12.5%), doxycycline (12.5%), ceftazidime (16.25%), co-trimoxazole (20%), chloramphenicol(22.51%), tetracycline (25%), and netilmicin (35%) was observed. Higher sensitivity pattern wasobserved for gentamicin (56%) and only imipenem (95%) showed sensitivity pattern possiblysusceptible enough to consider for the management of E. coli induced cases in the area under study.The low sensitivity to different antimicrobial could be attributed to their prevailing usage and abusein the area under study.Key words: E. coli; Antimicrobial sensitivity; Clinical isolatesDOI: 10.3329/jbas.v34i1.5497Journal of Bangladesh Academy of Sciences, Vol.34, No.1, 99-101, 2010

scholarly journals Antimicrobial use policy change in pre-weaned dairy calves and its impact on antimicrobial resistance in commensal Escherichia coli: a cross sectional and ecological study

2019 ◽  
Vol 19 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Josephine A. Afema ◽  
Margaret A. Davis ◽  
William M. Sischo
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Latent Class ◽  
Farm Management ◽  
Antimicrobial Use ◽  
Policy Changes ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Calf Health ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Resistance Patterns

Abstract Background This study is based on data collected to investigate the relation of peri-parturient events (colostrum quality, passive transfer of immunity, calving difficulty) on calf health and antimicrobial use. A component of the study was to provide feedback to farm management to identify calves at risk for disease and promote antimicrobial stewardship. At the start of the study (May 2016), a combination of enrofloxacin, penicillin, and sulfamethoxazole was the first treatment given to clinically abnormal calves. Based on feedback and interaction between study investigators, farm management and consulting veterinarians, a new policy was implemented to reduce antimicrobial use in calves. In August, the first treatment was changed to a combination of ampicillin and sulfamethoxazole. In September, the first treatment was reduced to only sulfamethoxazole. We investigated the effects of these policy changes in antimicrobial use on resistance in commensal Escherichia coli. Results We enrolled 4301 calves at birth and documented antimicrobial use until weaning. Most calves (99.4%) received antimicrobials and 70.4% received a total of 2–4 treatments. Antimicrobial use was more intense in younger calves (≤ 28 days) relative to older calves. We isolated 544 E. coli from fecal samples obtained from 132 calves. We determined resistance to 12 antimicrobials and 85% of the isolates were resistant to at least 3 antimicrobial classes. We performed latent class analysis to identify underlying unique classes where isolates shared resistance patterns and selected a solution with 4 classes. The least resistant class had isolates that were mainly resistant to only tetracycline and sulfisoxazole. The other 3 classes comprised isolates with resistance to ampicillin, chloramphenicol, aminoglycosides, sulfonamides, tetracycline, in addition to either ceftiofur; or nalidixic acid; or ciprofloxacin plus nalidixic acid and ceftiofur. Overall, E coli from younger calves and calves that received multiple treatments were more likely to have extensive resistance including resistance to fluoroquinolones and ceftiofur. In general, there was a declining trend in resistance to most antimicrobials during and after policy changes were implemented, except for ampicillin, ciprofloxacin, ceftiofur and gentamicin. Conclusions Information feedback to farms can influence farm managers to reduce antimicrobial use and this can change endemic farm resistance patterns.

scholarly journals Isolation Of Extended-Spectrum B-Lactamase (ESBL) Producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumiae From Dr. Zainoel Abidin General Hospital, Aceh

2019 ◽  
Vol 4 (1) ◽  
pp. 16-22 ◽  
Author(s):  
Zinatul Hayati ◽  
Syamsul Rizal ◽  
Ridhia Putri
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
General Hospital ◽  
Clinical Specimen ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
High Sensitivity ◽  
Clinical Microbiology Laboratory ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Extended Spectrum ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern

Infection that occurs in Indonesia has increased more significantly than before, compared to the increasing bacterial multidrug resistance (MDR) as the cause of infection. A study conducted in 5 hospitals in Indonesia in 2013 showed that the prevalence rate of extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing bacteria reached 32-68%. The objective of this study is to detect the prevalence and resistence pattern of ESBL-producing Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae in Dr. Zainoel Abidin General Hospital, Banda Aceh. This study was conducted from 1 September 2016 to 31 December 2016. Specimen types included in this study were blood, sputum, urine, pus, mucosal swab, and another body fluids sample. The sampling method in this study was total sampling that is all clinical specimen examined in Clinical Microbiology Laboratory. Isolation and identification ESBL-producing bacteria was performed by VITEK-2 machine (Biomerieux). The result of this study is that a total 122 E. coli and K. pneumoniae were isolated. That consisted of 48 (39%) E. coli isolates and 74 (61%) K. pneumoniae isolates. From 48 E. coli isolates it was found out that 41 (85%) had ESBL phenotypes and from 74 K. pneumoniae isolates it was found out that 59 (80%) had ESBL phenotypes. In total, 100 (82%) isolates from 122 isolates had ESBL phenotypes. Distribution of ESBL-producing E. coli and K. pneumoniae based on sample was 24 (89%) isolates from the total of 27 urine isolates, 18 (95%) isolates from the total of 19 blood isolates, 28 (78%) isolates from the total of 36 sputum isolates, and 30 (75%) isolates from the total of 40 pus isolates. Antibiotic sensitivity pattern of the E. coli and K. pneumoniae isolates had high sensitivity to amycasin dan meropenem which was above 89%. Meanwhile, it also had sensitivity to Fosfomycin and Piperacyclin-Tazobactam by 80% and 77% respectively. Another antibiotic was less effective

scholarly journals Escherichia Coli O157:H7: Distribution, molecular characterization, antimicrobial resistance patterns and source of contamination of sheep and goat carcasses at an export Abattoir, Mojdo, Ethiopia

2019 ◽  
Author(s):  
Solomon Abreham ◽  
Akafete Teklu ◽  
Eric Cox ◽  
Tesfaye Sisay Tessema
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Molecular Characterization ◽  
Virulence Genes ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Latex Agglutination ◽  
Human Infection ◽  
Escherichia Coli O157 ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Source Of Infection ◽  
Resistance Patterns

Abstract Background : Cattle have been identified as a major reservoir of E. coli O157:H7 for human infection; the ecology of the organism in sheep and goats is less understood. This study was carried out to determine prevalence, source of infection, antibiotic resistance and molecular characterization of Escherichia coli O157: H7 isolated from sheep and goat. Methods : Systematic random sampling was carried out at Modjo export abattoir, Ethiopia, from November 2012 to April 2013 to collect 408 samples from 72 sheep and 32 goats. Samples collected were skin swabs, fecal samples, intestinal mucosal swabs and the inside and outside part of carcasses as well as carcass in contacts such as workers hands, knife, hook and carcass washing water. Then, samples were processed following standard bacteriological procedures. Non-Sorbitol fermenting colonies were tested on latex agglutination test and the positives are subjected to PCR for detection of attaching and effacing genes ( eaeA) and shiga toxin producing genes ( stx1 and stx2 ). All E. coli O157:H7 isolates were checked for their susceptibility pattern towards 15 selected antibiotics. Results : E. coli O157:H7 were detected in only 20/408 samples (4.9%). Among these 20 positive samples, 70% (14/20), 25% (5/20) and 5% (1/20) were from sheep, goats and knife samples, respectively. No significant associations were found between carcasses and the assumed sources of contaminations. Of all the 20 isolates virulence genes were found in 10 (50%) of them; 3 (15%) with only the eaeA gene and 7(35%) expressing eaeA and stx2 genes. All the isolates were susceptible to Norfloxacin (NOR) (100%). Conclusions : The presence of virulence genes shows E. coli O157:H7 is a potential source of human infection in Ethiopia. Key words : Abattoir, antibiotic sensitivity, CT-SMAC, E. coli O157:H7, IMS, Latex agglutination, multiplex PCR.

scholarly journals Isolation and identification of diarrheagenic Escherichia coli causing colibacillosis in calf in selective areas of Bangladesh

2014 ◽  
Vol 11 (2) ◽  
pp. 145-149 ◽  
Author(s):  
MK Hossain ◽  
M Rahman ◽  
A Nahar ◽  
A Khair ◽  
MM Alam
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
Veterinary Science ◽  
Isolation And Identification ◽  
Antibiotic Resistant ◽  
Fecal Samples ◽  
Biochemical Characteristics ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Diarrheic Calves

This study was carried out to isolate, identify and characterize Escherichia coli from diarrheic calves, their prevalence and antibiotic sensitivity pattern during the period from November 2011 to December 2012. For this purpose 100 diarrheic fecal samples were collected from four different areas of Bangladesh. The samples were aseptically collected and brought to the laboratory of Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh. The organisms were identified as E. coli on the basis of cultural, morphological and biochemical characteristics. Further the isolated bacteria were confirmed by amplification of E. coli specific 16sRNA gene. The antibiotic resistant pattern of the isolates was also performed. Out of 100 samples 49 (49%) were found to be positive for E. coli. The highest prevalence was found in Shahjadpur, Sirajganj (53.33%) while lowest was in BAU, Mymensingh (40%). The antibiogram study revealed that all isolates were resistant against ampicillin, erythromycin, azithromycin and streptomycin where erythromycin was 100% resistant, whereas 100% sensitivity was found to tetracycline and gentamicin which might be the best choice of drug for the treatment of diarrheagenic E. coli causing colibacillosis in calves.DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.3329/bjvm.v11i2.19139Bangl. J. Vet. Med. (2013).11(2): 145-149

scholarly journals Recent Antibiotic Sensitivity Pattern of Escherichia Coli in Urinary Tract Infection

2018 ◽  
Vol 30 (1) ◽  
pp. 61-65
Author(s):  
Md Abdul Bari ◽  
Mashiur Arefin ◽  
Moriom Nessa ◽  
Golam Mostofa ◽  
Tafiqul Islam
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Urinary Tract Infection ◽  
Urinary Tract ◽  
Tract Infection ◽  
Urine Culture ◽  
Antibiotic Sensitivity ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Sensitivity Pattern ◽  
Marked Resistance ◽  
Culture Positive

The objective of the study is to assess the recent sensitivity pattern of Escherichia coli in Urinary tract infection (UTI). Widespread use of antibiotics has led to the emergence of resistant microorganisms. As the antibiotic sensitivity patterns of the microorganisms are frequently changing, this retrospective analysis was designed to assess the recent antibiotic sensitivity pattern of Escherichia coli (E. coli) in urinary tract infection among the human population. Details of 358 urine culture positive reports for E. coli and their antibiotic sensitivity pattern pertaining to the study period of 6 months from Jan 2017 to June 2017 were collected from Microbiology Laboratory of Diagnostic Centers at Rajshahi and the results were statistically analyzed. The antibiotics tested for sensitivity were amikacin, gentamycin, ciprofloxacin, levofloxacin, cotrimoxazole, nitrofurantoin, ceftazidime, ceftriaxone and cefixime. The sensitivity pattern of E.coli to antibiotics in UTI was amikacin (82.68 gentamycin (75.97%), nitrofurantoin (70.67), levofloxacin (44.13%), ceftazidime (42.17%), co-trimoxazole (40.78%), ceftriaxone (38.54%), ciprofloxacin (35.75%), and cefixime (24.02%). The study highlighted the marked resistance of E. coli to quinolones and third generation cephalosporins.TAJ 2017; 30(1): 61-65

scholarly journals Direct transmission of Escherichia coli from poultry to humans

1989 ◽  
Vol 103 (3) ◽  
pp. 513-522 ◽  
Author(s):  
A. A. Ojeniyi
Keyword(s):  
Escherichia Coli ◽  
Nalidixic Acid ◽  
Farm Workers ◽  
Poultry Farm ◽  
Drug Resistant ◽  
E Coli ◽  
Resistance Patterns ◽  
Commercial Poultry ◽  
The University ◽  
The City

SUMMARYEight hundred and sixty-four Escherichia coli isolates from workers at the University of Ibadan Teaching and Research Poultry Farm, and 216 isolates from poultry attendants at a commercial poultry farm in the city were found to be resistant to streptomycin, sulphafurazole and tetracycline. In contrast, all 576 and 288 E. coli isolates from village fowls and from villagers respectively were sensitive to these drugs. Isolates from birds in a modern university poultry unit (3744) exhibited the same resistance patterns as those isolated from workers who were in direct contact with the birds. No nalidixic acid-resistant E. coli was isolated from farm workers prior to their assignment to the experimental pen. Following experimental oral infection of birds with E. coli K12 J5 NA Lac, the organism was recovered from the workers who manned the experimental pen. Neither before nor after the experimental infection was any nalidixic acid resistant E. coli isolated from workers who manned the pen from which birds used in the experiment were selected. Similarly, no drug resistant organisms were isolated from workers outside the poultry unit of the university or commercial farm. The MIC of the drugs against the avian and human E. coli isolates at the university and commercial poultry farms were similar.

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