scholarly journals Women labor participation in rice production in some selected areas of Thakurgaon district

2015 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 239-246
Author(s):  
Asha Roy ◽  
Dilshad Zahan Ethen ◽  
Riffat Ara Zannat Tama ◽  
Ismat Ara Begum
Keyword(s):  
Skill Acquisition ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Acquisition Training ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Labor Participation ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Participation Of Women

The present study was undertaken to analyze the participation of women labor in rice production activities covering randomly selected 50 rural households of two villages under Ranisonkail Upazila of Thakurgaon district. Data were collected from the selected households using face to face semi-structured interviews during December 2013 to February 2014. The study revealed that in rice production activities the percentage of hiring out days for women were 94.18 and 92.90 in aman and boro seasons, respectively. To determine the effects of the explanatory variables on women labor participation in rice production, Ordinary Least Square method was used. The analysis showed that age of the respondents and total household expenditure were positively related with women participation but negatively related with education, number of male earning members and farm size of the households. The study concludes that education, credit facilities, extension and motivation, need-based training should have the potential to increase women’s participation in farm activities reasonably contributed to household income. Therefore, effective initiatives undertaken by the concerned agencies in improving women’s education, skill acquisition training and access to information could enhance women’s empowerment in order to achieve gender equality and development at all levels in the rural society of Bangladesh.Res. Agric., Livest. Fish.2(2): 239-246, August 2015

scholarly journals Impulse of Dividend Payment Decision: Evidence from Pharmaceutical Industry in Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 9 (1) ◽  
pp. 219
Author(s):  
Ariful Hoque
Keyword(s):  
Stock Exchange ◽  
Secondary Data ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Agency Cost ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Pharmaceutical Companies ◽  
Financial Leverage ◽  
Dividend Payment ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Prime Objective

The dividend is the reward of shareholders of an organization in exchange for time and risk. For maximizing shareholder’s wealth, optimum dividend payout ratio is essential. The prime objective of this paper is to identify impulse of dividend payment decision of listed pharmaceutical companies in Dhaka Stock Exchange of Bangladesh. Dividend payment decision is the dependent variable and profitability, firm’s size, financial leverage, growth, and agency costs are taken as explanatory variables in this study. Collected secondary data are analyzed by econometrics software Eviews 8 through least square method. Formulated multiple regression models show value of R-square (R2) is 0.604817. R-square (R2) value indicates explanatory variables explain 60.48% variation of the dependent variable. The study also reveals that profitability and agency cost positively influence the dividend payment decision and firm’s size, financial leverage, growth negatively impact on the dividend payment decision of selected pharmaceutical companies. Among explanatory variables, profitability is not statistically significant at 5% significant level whereas firm’s size, financial leverage, growth and agency cost are found statistically significant at 5% significant level. So this paper finds that listed pharmaceutical companies in Dhaka Stock Exchange must consider firm’s size, financial leverage, growth and agency cost in their dividend payment decision.

scholarly journals Socio-Economic Factors Affecting Agricultural Production and Income in Bangladesh

2021 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 56
Author(s):  
Susmita Das ◽  
Paritosh Mondal
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Information Dissemination ◽  
Target Population ◽  
Gender Disparity ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Small Farm ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Factors Affecting ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Farm Production

The study assessed some factors that determine agricultural production and income in Bangladesh. The factors that were addressed in the study were land, labour, capital, ethnicity, gender etc. It aimed to analyze the socio-economic characteristics of the farmers in Bangladesh, to investigate the level of agricultural production activities and to identify the agricultural production problems in Bangladesh. The target population was the farmers of eight divisions in Bangladesh.  The data were obtained from structured questionnaires, semi-structured interviews and FGD. Multiple linear regression of model fourteen explanatory variables was used to analyze the characteristics of the factors mentioned above in context of farm production and income. The result of data analysis showed that the variables such as gender, age, years of schooling, service area, operational farm size, cow-shed, electricity, radio, mobile phone, television, computer, bicycle, motorcycle etc. affect farmers’ production and income. The research also found gender parity and small farm holding in farming. There should be provision of effective agricultural information dissemination services by using ICT tools in farming. Special emphasis should be given to eliminate gender disparity and resolve small farm holding problem to ensure farm production and income generation.

scholarly journals Analisis Ketahanan Pangan Rumah Tangga Petani Padi Berdasarkan Proporsi Pengeluaran Pangan Di Kota Padang

JURNAL PANGAN ◽  
2022 ◽  
Vol 30 (3) ◽  
pp. 167-174
Author(s):  
Ilham Martadona
Keyword(s):  
Food Security ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Lowland Rice ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Total Expenditure ◽  
Snowball Sampling ◽  
Food Crop ◽  
Rice Farmers ◽  
Food Expenditure

ABSTRAK Padi merupakan salah satu komoditas tanaman pangan yang cukup strategis untuk mendukung terwujudnya ketahanan pangan nasioal. Padi merupakan komoditas unggulan di Kota Padang, dan salah satu wilayah sentra produksinya adalah Kecamatan Kuranji. Sebagai wilayah lumbung pangan (padi) diasumsikan dengan tingkat kesejahteraan masyarakat (petani) yang terjamin dalam hal pemenuhan pangan. Salah satu indikator ketahanan pangan rumah tangga dicerminkan oleh proporsi pengeluaran pangan terhadap pengeluaran total. Tujuan penelitian ini adalah 1) menganalisis perkembangan (trend) produksi padi di Kota Padang dan 2) menganalisis pendapatan dan proporsi pengeluaran rumah tangga petani padi. Jenis data penelitian terdiri dari data primer dan sekunder, dengan jumlah responden sebanyak 30 rumah tangga petani padi dengan teknik pengambilan sampel secara snowball sampling. Analisis data yang digunakan meliputi analisis trend menggunakan least square method; pendapatan total; dan proporsi pengeluaran pangan. Hasil penelitian menunjukan produksi padi sawah, mengalami penurunan produksi sebesar 7812.00 Ton setiap tahunnya (2015-2019), diperkirakan pada tahun 2020 produksi padi sawah sebesar 35,882.00 Ton. Sedangkan, sumber pendapatan rumah tangga petani padi terbesar berasal dari pendapatan usahatani padi sawah (onfarm). Proporsi pengeluaran rumah tangga petani digunakan untuk pengeluaran pangan yaitu padi-padian, dengan rata-rata total pengeluaran sebesar 60.26 persen.   Kata Kunci : Tanaman Pangan, Rumah Tangga Petani, Ketahanan Pangan   ABSTRACT Rice is one of the food crop commodities which is quite strategic to support the realization of national food security. Rice is a leading commodity in the city of Padang, and one of its production centers is Kuranji District. As a food barn (rice) area, it is assumed that the level of welfare of the community (farmers) is guaranteed in terms of food fulfillment. One indicator of household food security is reflected by the proportion of food expenditure to total expenditure. The objectives of this study were 1) to analyze the development (trend) of rice production in Padang City and 2) to analyze the income and proportion of household expenditures of rice farmers. The type of research data consists of primary and secondary data, with the number of respondents as many as 30 rice farmer households with a snowball sampling technique. The data analysis used includesanalysis trend using the least square method; total revenue; and the proportion of food expenditure. The results showed that lowland rice production decreased by 7812.00 tons every year (2015-2019), it is estimated that in 2020 lowland rice production was 35,882.00 tons. Meanwhile, the largest source of household income for rice farmers comes from rice farming(incomeonfarm). The proportion of household expenditure of farmers is used for food expenditure, namely grains, with an average total expenditure of 60.26 percent Keywords : food crop commodities, farmer households, food security    

The contribution of board of directors’ roles to ambidextrous innovation

2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (1) ◽  
pp. 40-66 ◽  
Author(s):  
Wajdi Ben Rejeb ◽  
Sarra Berraies ◽  
Dorra Talbi
Keyword(s):  
Board Of Directors ◽  
Gender Diversity ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Partial Least Square ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Structured Interviews ◽  
Content Type ◽  
Service Role ◽  
Show Evidence ◽  
And Gender

PurposeThe purpose of this paper is to examine the link between board of directors’ roles namely strategy, service and control roles and ambidextrous innovation. This study also aims to determine whether the independence and gender diversity of boards have mediating effects in this relationship.Design/methodology/approachOn the basis of a quantitative approach, the authors conducted a survey on all Tunisian-listed firms. A partial least square method was used to analyze the quantitative data. The authors also conducted semi-structured interviews with a sample of boards’ members of the surveyed firms followed by a thematic analysis of the discourses to discuss the results.FindingsResults revealed that ambidextrous innovation is negatively linked to board’s control role. The outcomes of this research show also that ambidextrous innovation is positively associated with board’s service role and that the gender diversity moderates positively this link. Findings do not indicate a significant relationship between board’s strategy role and ambidextrous innovation but show evidence that the relationship is negatively moderated by independent directors, while positively moderated by gender diversity.Originality/valueThis research sheds light on the effects of Boards’ roles on ambidextrous innovation and the moderating effect of board’s gender diversity and independence as well. This paper addresses the gap in the literature as this thematic has not been studied, offering key insights with regard to corporate governance of companies looking to achieve ambidextrous innovation.

scholarly journals Statistical Analysis of Nigeria’s Price Sector: An Econometric Approach

2021 ◽  
pp. 29-40
Author(s):  
D. M. O. Omebo ◽  
T. D. Ailobhio ◽  
G. I. Fanen
Keyword(s):  
Predictive Performance ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
First Order ◽  
Overall Performance ◽  
Econometric Approach ◽  
Good Predictive Performance ◽  
High Measure

This study analyzed Nigeria’s price sector using a formulated model for the price sector of the Nigeria economy. A set of simultaneous equations were used to reflect the implicit gross domestic product deflators for each of the sectors of the Nigeria economy and was found to be over identified under the order condition for identification. The model was estimated by ordinary least square method and two stage least square methods. All the variables have expected signs and as indicated by the F –statistic, the overall performance of the entire regression is significant.  The high measure of R2 and Ṝ2, in each case indicates that the explanatory variables included in the equation jointly account for the entire variation. The small RMSE also indicates that the equations have good fit. Durbin –Watson statistics shows that there is no positive first order autocorrelation. The small value of the Theil’s inequality indicates that the equation has good predictive performance. The researcher therefore recommends that government should employ the model so as to be able to monitor price of each of the sectors of the economy and put proper mechanism in place to control those sectors that affect the overall price sector of the economy.

scholarly journals Multiple Linear Regression Model of Rice Production using Conjugate Gradient Methods

MATEMATIKA ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (2) ◽  
pp. 229-236
Author(s):  
Nur Idalisa Norddin ◽  
Mohd Rivaie Mohd Ali ◽  
Nurul Hafawati Fadhilah ◽  
Nur Atikah ◽  
Anis Shahida ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Regression Model ◽  
Conjugate Gradient ◽  
Regression Models ◽  
Gradient Methods ◽  
Multiple Linear Regression Model ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Rice Production ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Basic Relationship ◽  
Least Square Problem

Regression is one of the basic relationship models in statistics. This paper focuses on the formation of regression models for the rice production in Malaysia by analysing the effects of paddy population, planted area, human population and domestic consumption. In this study, the data were collected from the year 1980 until 2014 from the website of the Department of Statistics Malaysia and Index Mundi. It is well known that the regression model can be solved using the least square method. Since least square problem is an unconstrained optimisation, the Conjugate Gradient (CG) was chosen to generate a solution for regression model and hence to obtain the coefficient value of independent variables.  Results show that the CG methods could produce a good regression equation with acceptable Root Mean-Square Error (RMSE) value.

scholarly journals D-optimal Design in Linear Model With Different Heteroscedasticity Structures

2020 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 7 ◽  
Author(s):  
BODUNWA, O. K. ◽  
FASORANBAKU, O. A.
Keyword(s):  
Optimal Design ◽  
Linear Model ◽  
Extreme Values ◽  
Real Life ◽  
Simulated Data ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Correction Method ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Sequential Method ◽  
Explanatory Variables

In this paper, we developed D-optimal design in linear model with two explanatory variables in the presence of heteroscedasticity. A sequential method of getting D-optimal design was adopted. Two different structures were used based on the literatures; it was found that the optimal design takes the extreme values of the design region. The results of simulated data was justified with real life data from the kinematic viscosity of a lubricant, in stokes, as a function of temperature and pressure which was used as discussed in Linssen (1975). The relative efficiency of other designs with respect to D-optimal designs was determined. Three correction methods was adopted from weighted least square method for heteroscedasticity problem, it was found that the correction method tagged HCW1 performed better.

scholarly journals Determinants of Rice Productivity: An Analysis of Jaffarabad District –Balochistan (Pakistan)

2016 ◽  
Vol 12 (13) ◽  
pp. 41 ◽  
Author(s):  
Sarfaraz Ahmed Shaikh ◽  
Ouyang Hongbing ◽  
Khalid Khan ◽  
Masood Ahmed
Keyword(s):  
Agricultural Production ◽  
Empirical Work ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Farm Size ◽  
Primary Data ◽  
Explanatory Variables ◽  
Ordinary Least Square ◽  
Labor Education ◽  
New Methods ◽  
Positive Effect

This study examines the determinants of rice production in the district of Jaffarabad in Balochistan using primary data. The data is collected with the help of well-developed questionnaire based on random sampling from the different tehsils of Jaffarabad district. In this study, we estimated the parameters of the Neo-classical and Cobb-Douglas production function with the help of ordinary least square (OLS) method. The results of this empirical work show that with the exception of experience of farmers and high cost of the inputs, all explanatory variables i.e. capital, labor, education of the farmers, availability of credit and farm size have a positive effect on rice output. Therefore, government is recommended to encourage farmers to use fertilizers and new methods in agricultural production and watering, and provide them with convenient loans at low interest rate.

Direct Assessment of Effective Renal Plasma Flow from Renoscintigraphy with a Gamma Camera and an On-Line Computer

1981 ◽  
Vol 20 (06) ◽  
pp. 274-278
Author(s):  
J. Liniecki ◽  
J. Bialobrzeski ◽  
Ewa Mlodkowska ◽  
M. J. Surma
Keyword(s):  
Count Rate ◽  
Renal Plasma Flow ◽  
Early Period ◽  
Least Square Method ◽  
Least Square ◽  
Uptake Coefficient ◽  
Positive Linear Correlation ◽  
On Line ◽  
Best Fit ◽  
Plasma Activity

A concept of a kidney uptake coefficient (UC) of 131I-o-hippurate was developed by analogy from the corresponding kidney clearance of blood plasma in the early period after injection of the hippurate. The UC for each kidney was defined as the count-rate over its ROI at a time shorter than the peak in the renoscintigraphic curve divided by the integral of the count-rate curve over the "blood"-ROI. A procedure for normalization of both curves against each other was also developed. The total kidney clearance of the hippurate was determined from the function of plasma activity concentration vs. time after a single injection; the determinations were made at 5, 10, 15, 20, 30, 45, 60, 75 and 90 min after intravenous administration of 131I-o-hippurate and the best-fit curve was obtained by means of the least-square method. When the UC was related to the absolute value of the clearance a positive linear correlation was found (r = 0.922, ρ > 0.99). Using this regression equation the clearance could be estimated in reverse from the uptake coefficient calculated solely on the basis of the renoscintigraphic curves without blood sampling. The errors of the estimate are compatible with the requirement of a fast appraisal of renal function for purposes of clinical diagknosis.

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