scholarly journals Urban environment and major challenges in sustainable development: Experience from Dhaka City in Bangladesh

2017 ◽  
Vol 7 (1) ◽  
pp. 12-16 ◽  
Author(s):  
Md Ruhullah Siddiqy
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Dhaka City ◽  
Public Parks ◽  
Government Officials ◽  
Group Discussions ◽  
University Teachers ◽  
Financial Gain

Sustainable development is one of the most discussed and desired issues for the last few decades in Bangladesh and also throughout the world. But due to various challenges it is really tough to prepare and execute a proper plan for achieving sustainable development. The objective of this study is to find out the major challenges that the urban environment has been facing in sustainable development in Dhaka city. The qualitative study was done purposively and data collection methods were 10 Key Informants Interviews (KII) and 10 Focus Group Discussions (FGDs). KII were conducted among university teachers and Government officials as well as FGDs were conducted among city duelers in Dhaka. Urbanization process providing reasonable housing and infrastructure for duelers of all financial gain categories is a nice challenge for capital of Bangladesh town. Lack of swamp, open places, public parks, land with tree cover up causes environmental degradation and also creates aesthetic discomfort is another challenge in urban areas. Surface water is becoming useless because of having extensive pumping of groundwater in capital of Bangladesh. City dwellers didn’t follow the environmental rules and pollutes the surface waters with freedom. Impenetrable population with quick urbanization, industrialization and the lack of land coming up with has created major environmental problem to establish sustainable development. In future we need to study on identify the implementation strategy to sustainable development of urban environment.South East Asia Journal of Public Health Vol.7(1) 2017: 12-16

scholarly journals Measuring What Matters, Where It Matters: A Spatially Explicit Urban Environment and Social Inclusion Index for the Sustainable Development Goals

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 ◽  
Author(s):  
Angel Hsu ◽  
Tirthankar Chakraborty ◽  
Ryan Thomas ◽  
Diego Manya ◽  
Amy Weinfurter ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Carbon Dioxide Emissions ◽  
Social Inclusion ◽  
Census Data ◽  
Environmental Indicators ◽  
Environmental Benefits ◽  
Tree Cover ◽  
Spatially Explicit ◽  
Global Coverage

The Urban Environment and Social Inclusion Index (UESI) creates a new spatial framework to measure progress toward Sustainable Development Goal 11 (SDG-11). SDG-11 aims for cities to be both sustainable and inclusive by 2030 and conceptualizes this goal in spatially-explicit ways. Few data sources or indices, however, measure its progress in both a comprehensive (global coverage) and detailed (intra-city) manner. To address this gap, we use publicly-available datasets including detailed census data, satellite remote sensing, and crowdsourced data that provide global coverage and regular temporal resolution to develop spatially-explicit indicators to measure neighborhood-level environmental performance in 164 global cities. The UESI framework includes 10 indicators that assess air pollution, urban tree cover, public transit access, and urban heat at the neighborhood scale, and water stress and carbon dioxide emissions from fossil fuels at the city-level. We also present a new method for quantifying distributional equity to measure how evenly or unevenly cities are distributing environmental benefits and burdens across neighborhoods. We find that the majority of the UESI cities disproportionately burden lower-income communities with higher shares of environmental burdens and lower shares of environmental benefits. This finding holds true even in cities that perform highly on environmental indicators. In light of the challenging, rapidly evolving urban contexts, the UESI framework serves as a way of addressing some of the central challenges—data standardization, data gathering, and data localization—around the SDGs.

“Action for cities” and the urban environment

1989 ◽  
Vol 4 (2) ◽  
pp. 99-111 ◽  
Author(s):  
Duncan McLaren
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Inner City ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Government Policy ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Social Stress ◽  
Reverse Current ◽  
Environmentally Sustainable ◽  
Current Trends ◽  
City Policy

Government inner city policy has failed to solve problems of unemployment, dereliction, homelessness and social stress. The problems and their possible solutions are linked to environmental problems and the need for environmentally sustainable development in urban areas. Government policy on these issues is incoherent, and existing policies under ‘Action for Cities’ will not reverse current trends of environmental degradation.

scholarly journals SAFETY AND SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT OF RUSSIAN CITIES

2020 ◽  
Vol 22 (6) ◽  
pp. 30-39
Author(s):  
E. R. Polyantseva
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Common Ground ◽  
Environmental Changes ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Building Design ◽  
Living Environment ◽  
Foreign Experience

Purpose: The purpose of this paper is to find common ground between the theory of crime prevention by means of architecture and environment design and between the theory of sustainable development. The importance of creating a visually and environmentally friendly urban environment is shown as a means of involving people in the urban infrastructure, and, consequently, increasing the safety level.Methodology/approach: The interdisciplinary approach based on knowledge of urban studies, architecture, town planning, criminology and sociology. The analysis of safety of the urban environment and foreign experience. Exploration of approaches and techniques for creating a safe urban environment based on foreign experience. Modern methods include architectural means, planning and environmental design: lighting, gardening, anti-vandal measures, safe building construction.Research findings: The urban development indicates criminogenic and a relatively safe areas. The use of eco-friendly materials and architectural means is aimed at energy conservation and their positive impact on the urban environment as a whole. The identified aspects of the public safety, sustainable development, ecology and architecture include use of local natural materials or composites that can accumulate energy or respond to environmental changes; vandal-resistant materials; landscaping not only as a decoration, but also as a defense against criminal encroachments and en- vironmental improvement; more intensive planting in the urban structure to improve the environment.Practical implications: Multi-storey apartments are more typical for large Russian cities like in South Korea. Due to their high density, such areas do not experience problems with accessibility and developed infrastructure, but control and security are more important. The reconstruction of existing or creation of new objects (building, park or area) consists of the following algorithm: collection of information about the site, analysis of analogs, the implementation of the selected principles, selection of appropriate tools and materials, and postproject research for quality assessment. The discussed examples can help in the building design and reconstruction. The proposed algorithm for assessing the safety of the urban environment can be introduced into the design process.Originality/value: The value of research lies in the comparison of different concepts of safe built environment. A study of the foreign experience in the urban places and living environment. The paper makes an attempt to draw analogies between different types of multi-storey urban development and identifies the greatest criminality of this or that type of development. The paper provides an overview of the latest studies of the urban environment. For the first time, an attempt is made to adapt the principles of decriminalization to the specific features of the Russian cities. The paper suggests the reconstruction algorithm for the urban areas, taking into account the requirements of criminogenic safety, and proposes the principles of decriminalization.

scholarly journals Domestic urbanization in formation of comfortable urban environment

2019 ◽  
Vol 135 ◽  
pp. 03062
Author(s):  
Tatyana Karakova ◽  
Anna Zhogoleva ◽  
Aleksandra Teryagova
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Urban Development ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Urbanized Areas ◽  
Balanced Solution

This article explores the interlinkages between the stages of urban development, improvement and “domestic” urbanization. The issue is considered in the context of historical, economic, socio-demographic, environmental and sanitary factors. The work justifies that the study of processes of agglomeration development of urban areas makes it possible to predict the prospects of formation of engineering and transport infrastructures, to identify the most effective and balanced solution in the context of sustainable development of urbanized areas.

scholarly journals ECOLOGICAL AND ECONOMIC ASSESSMENT OF THE STATE OF URBAN AREAS AS A MEANS OF A SUSTAINABLE ENVIRONMENTAL SYSTEM

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (Spl-2-AABAS) ◽  
pp. S341-S348
Author(s):  
Lomova LA ◽  
◽  
Sukhina NYu ◽  
Petrovskaya AV ◽  
Karim Al Khadzh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Technological Progress ◽  
Economic Assessment ◽  
Urban Landscapes ◽  
Anthropogenic Effect ◽  
Environmental System ◽  
Long Run ◽  
Economic State

Urban development is an objective and irreversible consequence of scientific and technological progress, the result of which is manifested in a change in the urban environment. The advancement of monetary movement over the long run, from the perspective of the economy, is entirely beneficial, yet the development underway volumes are described by a significant level of an anthropogenic effect on the climate. In such a situation, it is quite difficult to prioritize. Analysis of the ecologo-economic state of urban areas, their organization and use, reveals that in the modern conditions of the city's existence, the rational use of urban landscapes is acquiring new dimensions. In this regard, to ensure sustainable development of urban areas, it is necessary to consider and assess both the economy concerning the natural environment and the economy.

ENVIRONMENTAL MODEL OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN THE SUSTAINABLE DEVELOPMENT FUNCTION WITH GLOBALIZATION CONDITIONS

2018 ◽  
Vol 28 (1) ◽  
pp. 189-193
Author(s):  
Jovana Radulović ◽  
Tijana Milanović ◽  
Radica Jovanović
Keyword(s):  
Sustainable Development ◽  
Positive Impact ◽  
Global Scale ◽  
Social Aspect ◽  
The Sustainable Development ◽  
Business Plans ◽  
Financial Gain ◽  
Employment Education ◽  
Market Factors ◽  
Scientific Truth

In the conditions of the global economic crisis, technical and technological and social changes, entrepreneurship is imposed as a counterbalance to globalization, due to uncertain market factors and destabilized national economies. One of the world's socioeconomic side effects is global solidarity: a way of thinking about society and the environment that makes ecology along with small and medium-sized enterprises the main parameters of economic reforms on a global scale. Bearing in mind that entrepreneurship represents a specific, tangible approach to making profit in terms of observing and exploiting business opportunities in the market, dictated by innovative, technological and social conditions, companies around the world, and at the level of development strategies of government governments, implement the concept of sustainable development into their business plans , focusing not only on financial gain, but also on the social aspect of having a positive impact on society. The ecological dimension of sustainable development relates primarily to the broader notion of profit making: the ability of society to change for the better in the fields of employment, education, recycling and cultural activities. Companies based on ecological principles are now called sustainable / ecological enterprises, and an economy based on the study of environmental resources for environmental economies. However, the education itself and the development of ethics on the environment in the environment are largely hampered by the development of ecological entrepreneurship, since the destruction of the Earth's ecosystems is not provable with sufficient scientific truth, and on the other hand, global NGOs constantly point to the advantage of an ecological business model as an investment asset because the environmental problem global, and therefore allows for international cooperation, while ecological companies create value in the same way as ecosystems: not producing waste or wasting unsustainable resources.

High Parasitic Contamination of Soil Samples in the North of Iran: a Potential Risk of Parasitic Infection for Tourists

2020 ◽  
Vol 20 ◽  
Author(s):  
Beheshteh Haghparast-kenari ◽  
Tooran Nayeri ◽  
Shahabeddin Sarvi ◽  
Mohammad Taghi Rahimi ◽  
Ehsan Ahmadpour ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Contaminated Soil ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Intestinal Parasites ◽  
Parasitic Infection ◽  
Animal Husbandry ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Human Society ◽  
Public Parks ◽  
The North ◽  
North Of Iran

Background: Soil-transmitted parasites (STPs) are significant intestinal parasites that infect humans and animals and impose considerable burdens on human society and animal husbandry industries. Therefore, the present study aimed to determine the prevalence of parasitic elements of soil samples collected from the north of Iran. Methods: A total of 256 soil samples were collected from public parks, public places, vegetable gardens, sand heaps, and shadow areas near houses in the north of Iran and examined using the sucrose flotation method. Results: Out of 256 examined samples, 131 (51.2%) ones showed parasitic contamination including larvae (43%), oocysts (14.1%), and different eggs (6.6%). According to the results, the most and least common parasites observed in the samples were larvae (43%), as well as Toxascaris leonina, and Trichuris trichiura (0.4%), respectively. Moreover, the most and least contaminated locations were sand heaps (62.5%) and shadow areas near houses (45.6%), respectively. Regarding cities, Behshahr (68.3%) and Sari (67.5%) had the highest contaminated soil samples, whereas Chalus (37.5%) showed the lowest contamination. On the other hand, rural samples showed more contamination, compared to urban areas (P< 0.05). Conclusion: The findings of the present study indicate that the overall prevalence of STPs in examined areas and highly contaminated soil samples can be considered as a potential source of human contamination particularly tourists with STPs.

PHYTOMONITORING AS A METOD OF THE ASSESSMENT OF ATMOSPHERIC AIR POLLUTION BY URBAN ENVIRONMENT BY FINE DUST

2019 ◽  
pp. 42-53
Author(s):  
Irina Glinyanova ◽  
Valery Azarov ◽  
Valery Fomichev
Keyword(s):  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Fine Particles ◽  
Prunus Armeniaca ◽  
Dust Particles ◽  
Fine Dust ◽  
Control Zone ◽  
Atmospheric Air ◽  
Random Functions ◽  
The City

Fine dust: (PM2.5, PM10) is a priority pollutant that contributes to the development of numerous dis-eases in urban areas. The purpose of this scientific work is to study the dispersed composition of dust parti-cles on the leaves of apricot trees (Prúnus armeníaca) in the residential zone of Volgograd. The novelty of the work lies in the study of the dispersed composition of dust particles on the leaves of apricot trees (Prúnus armeníaca) in the residential zone in the city of Volgograd near the construction industry enterprise, me-chanical engineering, leather production and railway transport line in comparison with the conditionally clean (control) zone of the SNT “Orocenets” ”(Sovetsky District, Volgograd) from the standpoint of random functions expressed by integral distribution curves of the mass of particles over their equivalent diameters. As a result of the research, the dispersed composition of dust on the leaves of apricot trees (Prúnus ar-meníaca) in the residential area of Volgograd was revealed. Fine particles were found: PM2.5, PM10 in each of the studied points, which by their values, both in their number and mass fraction, significantly exceed the data on fine dust in a conditionally clean area (control) in the SNT “Oroshanets” (Sovetsky district Volgo-grad), which creates certain environmental risks for local residents. The dispersed analysis of particles from the standpoint of random functions in the future will allow with a sufficiently high degree of accuracy to pre-dict the dust content of urban atmospheric air in the range of monthly and / or seasonal average values compared to the traditional measurement of fine dust concentration in atmospheric air of the urban environ-ment as the maximum single or daily average. At the same time, further studies of dust on the leaves of plants in an urban environment, namely, the study of the density of its sedimentation, will also reveal a group of ur-ban plants that are best suited to retain PM2.5 and PM10 on leaf plates in this region, which can significantly increase the quality of the atmospheric air of the urban environment and be of a recommendatory nature for the state-owned landscaping services of the city of Volgograd when improving the green areas of a megacity.

scholarly journals Understanding policing demand and deployment through the lens of the city and with the application of big data

Urban Studies ◽  
2021 ◽  
pp. 004209802098100
Author(s):  
Mark Ellison ◽  
Jon Bannister ◽  
Won Do Lee ◽  
Muhammad Salman Haleem
Keyword(s):  
Big Data ◽  
Urban Environment ◽  
Urban Areas ◽  
Multilevel Model ◽  
Open Data ◽  
Front Line ◽  
Criminological Research ◽  
The Social ◽  
Generalised Method Of Moments ◽  
The City

The effective, efficient and equitable policing of urban areas rests on an appreciation of the qualities and scale of, as well as the factors shaping, demand. It also requires an appreciation of the factors shaping the resources deployed in their address. To this end, this article probes the extent to which policing demand (crime, anti-social behaviour, public safety and welfare) and deployment (front-line resource) are similarly conditioned by the social and physical urban environment, and by incident complexity. The prospect of exploring policing demand, deployment and their interplay is opened through the utilisation of big data and artificial intelligence and their integration with administrative and open data sources in a generalised method of moments (GMM) multilevel model. The research finds that policing demand and deployment hold varying and time-sensitive association with features of the urban environment. Moreover, we find that the complexities embedded in policing demands serve to shape both the cumulative and marginal resources expended in their address. Beyond their substantive policy relevance, these findings serve to open new avenues for urban criminological research centred on the consideration of the interplay between policing demand and deployment.

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