Isolasi Jamur Selulolitik Trichoderma pada Beberapa Limbah Organik

2020 ◽  
Vol 21 (1) ◽  
pp. 42-47
Author(s):  
Agus Purwanto
Keyword(s):  
Organic Waste ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Cellulolytic Activity ◽  
Clear Zone ◽  
Zone Formation ◽  
Cellulolytic Fungi ◽  
Top Soil ◽  
Trichoderma Fungi ◽  
Single Carbon Source

Cellulolytic fungi have an important role for the largest material flow in the biosphere. Trichoderma fungi are ubiquitous and have the ability to degrade cellulose. The study was conducted to isolate dan screen Trichoderma cellulolytic fungi from soil heaps of some organic waste. Soil samples were taken from soil heaps of some organic waste to isolate Trichoderma cellulolytic fungi. The sampling method is carried out randomly from top soil layers of organic waste litter (bagasse, sugar cane leaf, rice straw, and garbage). Isolation and screening of Trichoderma fungi are determined based on observations of macroscopic and microscopic characteristics referring to the key of fungal determination. Cellulolytic ability of Trichoderma isolates was carried out by growing on Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC) media as a single carbon source by measuring the diameter of the colony and the diameter of the clear zone formed. There were 7 Trichoderma fungal isolates  that showed cellulolytic activity. Based on clear zone formation, Trichoderma harzianum showed highest cellulolytic than Trichoderma viride.

scholarly journals Screening and Isolation of Cellulolytic Bacteria from Gut of Black Soldier Flays Larvae (Hermetia illucens) Feeding with Rice Straw

2016 ◽  
Vol 8 (3) ◽  
pp. 314
Author(s):  
Ateng Supriyatna ◽  
Ukit Ukit
Keyword(s):  
Rice Straw ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Biology Education ◽  
Exponential Phase ◽  
Cellulolytic Activity ◽  
Cellulolytic Bacteria ◽  
Isolation Method ◽  
Hermetia Illucens ◽  
Waste Degradation

<p>A research on screening and isolation of cellulolytic bacteria from the gut of larvae Black Soldier treated rice straw feed has been conducted. The purpose of this study is to get the type of cellulolytic bacteria from the gut of larvae and bacteria that have the highest potential to degrade cellulose. Screening and isolation method applied by using intestinal larvae obtained from larval gut vortex at a speed of 1500 rpm. Furthermore, dilution graded from 1 to 10 and grown in media CMC (carboxyl methyl cellulose) at 37 <sup>0</sup>C and incubated for 48 hours. Observations were made based on the characteristics of the microscopic, macroscopic, biochemical test, cellulolytic activity and the activity of cellulase enzymes selected bacteria. The results showed a 9 cellulolytic bacteria from the gut of the larvae. <em>Bacillus </em>sp. is a bacteria that have the highest potential with cellulolitic activity 2.1 mm (dz/dk), the exponential phase of hour at the 24<sup>th</sup>, and cellulase enzyme activity of 0.4 U/mL at pH 7 and 0.41 U/mL at pH 8.This research showed that the Black Soldier Flays Larvae (<em>Hermetia illucens</em>) have competencein organic waste degradation, because in Black Soldier Flays<em> Larvae’s</em> gut, cellulolitic enzyme is produced by cellulolitic bacteria, specially <em>Bacillus </em>sp,</p><p><strong>How to Cite</strong></p><p>Supriyatna, A., &amp; Ukit, U. (2016). Screening and Isolation of Cellulolytic Bacteria from Gut of Black Soldier Flays Larvae (<em>Hermetia illucens</em>) Feeding with Rice Straw. <em>Biosaintifika: Journal of Biology &amp; Biology Education</em>, 8(3), 314-320. </p>

scholarly journals Morphological and molecular identification of cellulolytic fungi associated with local raru species

2019 ◽  
Vol 20 (8) ◽  
Author(s):  
Deni Elfiati ◽  
ARIDA SUSILOWATI ◽  
CELVIA MODES ◽  
HENTI HENDALASTUTI RACHMAT
Keyword(s):  
Molecular Identification ◽  
Aspergillus Terreus ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Polymer Materials ◽  
Cellulolytic Activity ◽  
Cellulolytic Fungi ◽  
Identification Of Fungi ◽  
Pure Cultures ◽  
Aspergillus Sp

Abstract. Elfiati D, Susilowati A, Modes C, Rachmat HH. 2019. Morphological and molecular identification of cellulolytic fungi associated with local raru species. Biodiversitas 20: 2348-2354. This study is aimed to isolate and identify cellulolytic fungi from different local Raru species in Central Tapanuli, North Sumatra, Indonesia. Cellulolytic fungi are fungi that can degrade natural polymer materials such as cellulose. The fungal species were isolated from soil under three local raru species. The samples inoculating (1 mL) from serial dilutions (10-2 to 10-5) on Carboxy Methyl Cellulose (CMC) plates. The plates were incubated at 28 ̊C for one week, then the fungal colonies were observed and pure cultures were maintained. Fungi with cellulolytic activity were characterized by the formation of clear zones around the colonies on CMC media plus congo red (0.1%). The identification of fungi was carried out by molecular identification of the isolated fungi at the species level. The extracted fungal DNA was amplified by PCR using specific internal transcribed spacer primer (ITS1/ITS4). The PCR products were sequenced and compared with the other related sequences in Gen Bank (NCBI). 20 isolates were successfully isolated and nine isolates had cellulolytic activity. Six fungal species from 20 isolates were identified as: Aspergillus sp., Penicillium sp., Aspergillus terreus, Penicillium mariae-crucis, Aspergillus tanneri and Penicillium citrinum. The results showed that Aspergillus terreus was the most abundant fungus obtained from all the raru stand.

scholarly journals Screening and Isolation of Effective Microbes for Decomposition Process among Different Organic Waste

2019 ◽  
Vol 8 (4) ◽  
pp. 6740-6744
Keyword(s):  
Plant Uptake ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Organic Molecules ◽  
Decayed Wood ◽  
Nacl Solution ◽  
Clear Zone ◽  
Zone Formation ◽  
Botanical Research ◽  
Palm Frond ◽  
Halo Zone

Organic waste is material that is biodegradable and comes from either plant or animal. It can be decomposed over time by microbes into methane, carbon dioxide, water, and other simple organic molecules. Microorganism especially bacteria and fungus are able to decompose cellulose by an enzyme known as cellulase. Since plants are made up from cellulose, this study is focused on isolating and identifying the microbes that are responsible in decomposing the organic waste by screening for the microorganisms that are able to produce cellulose enzyme. In this experiment, the bacteria were isolated from three different samples, which are; compost product, decayed wood and empty fruit bunch mix with oil palm frond. The samples were collected from the fresh decomposing organic waste. The samples undergo serial dilution, screening the ability of the microorganism to solubilize phosphate by using National Botanical Research Institute’s Phosphate media (NBRIP) and screening the ability of the microorganism to produce cellulose enzyme by using Carboxymethyl Cellulose Media (CMC) treated with Congo Red and NaCl for confirmation of the targeted effective microbes. The result shows that the targeted effective microbes will produce the halo zone or clear zone formation after being treated with Red Congo and NaCl solution on CMC media and producing a halo zone on NBRIP media. In this experiment, we manage to isolate and identify the bacteria that is responsible in producing cellulase enzyme and solubilizing phosphate that is known as Streptomyces sanglieri. Application of effective microbes will promote the plant uptake due to its ability in converting the nutrient into available form to the plant.

Sidrophore Production and Phosphate Solubilization by Bacillus cereus and Pseudomonas fluorescens Isolated from Iraqi Soils and Soil Characterization

2018 ◽  
Vol 9 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Zaid Raad Abbas ◽  
Aqeel Mohammed Majeed Al-Ezee ◽  
Sawsan H
Keyword(s):  
Bacillus Cereus ◽  
Pseudomonas Fluorescens ◽  
Phosphate Solubilization ◽  
Bacterial Species ◽  
Nutrient Status ◽  
Bacterial Count ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing Bacteria ◽  
Clear Zone ◽  
Zone Formation

This study was conducted to explore the ability of Pseudomonas fluorescens and Bacillus cereus to solubilizing a phosphate in soil for enhancing the planting growth and, its relation with soill characterization. The isolates were identified as P.fluorescens and B. cereus using convential analysis and, its phosphate solubilization ability and sidrophore was shown by the clear zone formation on National Botanical Research Institute���s Phosphate medium. Moreover, Pseudomonas fluorescens isolates (n = 9) and three of B. cereus isolated from agricultural area in Baghdad university, Mustansiriyah university and Diyala bridge. Results displayed that bacterial count were varied in soil samples according to their region, and ranging from 30 to 60 *10 2 CFU/g in Baghdad university soil to 10���20 *10 2 CFU/g in Mustansiriyah university soil, the Baghdad soil macronutrient which included: NH4, NO3, P, and K were, 8.42, 20.53, 19.09, 218.73 respectively, While the physio analysis revealed that the mean of pH was 7.3 and EC was 8.63. on the other hand the micronutrient analysis indicated that the soil samples were included Ca, Fe, Mn, Zn and Cu which gave their mean 5025.9, 8.9, 4.9, 0.5 and 1.5 respectevily. Results revealed that all isolated bacteria (9 isolates of P.fluorescens and three isolates of B. cereus gave ahalo zone which mean their ability to be phosphate solubilizing bacteria at 100%. Results revealed that all isolated bacteria were detected a ability to produce high levels from chelating agents (siderophores)) by P.fluorescens and. B cereus at 100%, when appeared ahalo clear zone. Furthermore, the high levels of phosphate solubilization and siderophore production were grouped in bacterial species isolated from Iraqi soils. might be attributed to many soil factors such as soil nutrient status, soil acidity, water content, organic matter and soil enzyme activities.

scholarly journals Molds in museum environments: Biodeterioration of art photographs and wooden sculptures

2013 ◽  
Vol 65 (3) ◽  
pp. 955-962 ◽  
Author(s):  
Milica Ljaljevic-Grbic ◽  
M. Stupar ◽  
Jelena Vukojevic ◽  
Ivana Maricic ◽  
Natasa Bungur
Keyword(s):  
Aspergillus Niger ◽  
Indoor Air ◽  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Fungal Species ◽  
Chaetomium Globosum ◽  
Fungal Colonization ◽  
Cellulolytic Activity ◽  
Cultural Center ◽  
Fungal Propagules ◽  
Alternaria Sp

Pieces of art stored in museum depots and display rooms are subject to fungal colonization that leads to bio-deterioration processes. Deteriorated wooden sculptures and art photographs temporarily stored in the quarantine room of the Cultural Center of Belgrade were subject to mycological analyses. Twelve fungal species were identified on the wooden substratum and five species were detected on photograph surfaces. Trichoderma viride, Chaetomium globosum and Alternaria sp. were the fungi with proven cellulolytic activity detected on the examined cellulose substrata. Indoor air mycobiota were estimated to 210.09 ? 8.06 CFU m-3, and the conidia of fungus Aspergillus niger were the dominant fungal propagules in the air of the examined room.

scholarly journals Morphological identification of phosphate solubilizing and cellulolytic fungi from mangrove soil under Rhizophora stylosa stands

2021 ◽  
Vol 912 (1) ◽  
pp. 012052
Author(s):  
D Elfiati ◽  
Delvian ◽  
A Susilowati ◽  
N W Y Rizki ◽  
A F M Harahap ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Mangrove Forest ◽  
Methyl Cellulose ◽  
Economic Benefits ◽  
Soil Samples ◽  
Morphological Identification ◽  
Rhizophora Stylosa ◽  
Cellulolytic Fungi ◽  
Mangrove Soil ◽  
Phosphate Solubilizing ◽  
North Sumatra

Abstract Mangrove forest is one of the forest ecosystems that can be found in tidal areas. Mangrove forest have ecological, socio-economic benefits for organisms that live in the sea. One of the microorganism that live in mangrove forest is fungus. Therefore, this study aimed to isolate and identify phosphate solubilizing and cellulolytic fungi from mangrove soil. Soil samples were collected from a stands of Rhizophora stylosa in Lubuk Kertang Village, West Brandan District, Langkat Regency, North Sumatra. Soil samples were taken randomly with a dept of 0-20 cm. Isolation of phosphate solubilizing fungi was carried out using Pikovskaya medium and cellulolytic fungi using carboxyl methyl cellulose (CMC) medium. To determine the effectiveness of fungi qualitatively, the phosphate solubility and cellulolytic index were calculated. All isolates obtained were identified morphologically by observing colonies macroscopically and microscopically. This study obtained 12 isolates of phosphate solubilizing and 8 isolates of cellulolytic fungi. Phosphate solubility index ranging from 2.06-2.87 and cellulolytic index of 0.33-3.00. Morphological identifications showed that all isolates of phosphate solubilizing fungi belonged to the genus Aspergillus, while all isolates of cellulolytic fungi belonged to the genus Chaetomium.

Fungal Frequency and Diversity in the Nests of Wetland Birds from Poland: Relationships between Birds, Nest Properties and Inhabiting Fungi

2018 ◽  
Vol 11 (4) ◽  
pp. 245-262 ◽  
Author(s):  
Teresa Korniłłowicz-Kowalska ◽  
Ignacy Kitowski ◽  
Justyna Bohacz ◽  
Edyta Kwiatkowska
Keyword(s):  
Trichoderma Viride ◽  
Chemical Properties ◽  
Extreme Environment ◽  
High Water ◽  
Phytopathogenic Fungi ◽  
Shannon Index ◽  
Taxonomic Structure ◽  
Wetland Birds ◽  
Cellulolytic Fungi ◽  
Thermotolerant Fungi

Avian nests are a unique and sometimes extreme environment in which fungi occur. In this study, a correlation was recorded between the breeding biology and ecology of wetland birds and the biology and ecology of fungi in nests of wetland birds. The abundance of ecophysiologically diversified fungi, i.e. saprotrophs, cellulolytic fungi, and potentially zoo- and phytopathogenic fungi, was shown to be significantly higher in large nests, while species diversity (Shannon index) of fungi in nests with similar properties was not significant. The taxonomic structure (genus and species composition) and the spatial structure (frequency) of the nest mycobiota are mainly affected by nests’ specific physical and chemical properties which depend on the breeding and feeding preferences of the birds. In dry, highly sun-exposed nests of the Grey Heron (Ardea cinerea), a species that establishes breeding colonies high in the trees, mainly feeds on fish and has young who defecate into the nest, populations of xerophilic, alkali- and thermotolerant fungi, including keratinolytic fungi (Chrysosporium tropicum), developed. In the nests of the Mute Swan (Cygnus olor), a precocial species which constructs very large, relatively low-hygiene nests at the water's edge and which feeds on plant food, populations of hydrophilic and thermotolerant fungi, including highly cellulolytic fungi such as Chaetomium globosum, were detected. Nests of other small species of wetland birds, whose nests are also located on water but contain smaller amounts of animal-derived material, did not differ significantly mycologically and were colonised mainly by species such as Trichoderma viride and Penicillium purpurogenum, ubiquitous fungi with very high water and thermotolerant requirements.

scholarly journals Eradication of Sclerotinia sclerotiorum Sclerotia from Soil Using Organic Waste Materials as Trichoderma Fungi Carriers

2016 ◽  
Vol 24 (1) ◽  
pp. 101-110 ◽  
Author(s):  
Urszula Smolińska ◽  
Beata Kowalska ◽  
Waldemar Kowalczyk ◽  
Magdalena Szczech ◽  
Aleksandra Murgrabia
Keyword(s):  
Wheat Straw ◽  
Sclerotinia Sclerotiorum ◽  
Organic Waste ◽  
Rapeseed Meal ◽  
Industrial Wastes ◽  
Horticultural Crops ◽  
Trichoderma Fungi ◽  
Biological Methods ◽  
Positive Effect ◽  
By Products

Abstract Sclerotinia sclerotiorum (Lib.) de Bary is considered as one of the most harmful soilborne pathogens, which reduces productivity of horticultural crops. Currently used chemical or biological methods for the eradication of S. sclerotiorum from a soil are not very effective. The aim of this study was to evaluate the possibility of eradication of S. sclerotiorum sclerotia from a soil using the Trichoderma isolates, which were multiplied on the organic carriers prepared from agro-industrial wastes and by-products: WsA (wheat straw + apple pomaces), WsP (wheat straw + potato pulp) and T-GRAN (dry onion rind, apples and strawberry pomaces, rapeseed meal). The results showed that soil amendment with organic materials overgrown with the Trichoderma fungi had a significant reducing effect on S. sclerotiorum. Especially effective was the carrier WsA overgrown with T. virens TRS114, which completely prevented the survival of sclerotia of S. sclerotiorum regardless of the dose of application. Less effective was the WsP carrier. However, addition WsP overgrown with T. atroviride TRS40 at the 5% w/v, resulted in survival only 6.7% of sclerotia. In the greenhouse experiments with lettuce, the application of granulates T-GRAN into the soil had different impact on S. sclerotiorum depending on the conditions to the pathogen development. In conducive conditions, an addition of the organic substances without Trichoderma significantly decreased the yield of lettuce plants. A positive effect on the growth of plants was observed after the application of T-GRAN overgrown with Trichoderma.

scholarly journals Isolation, Identification, and Characterization of a Cellulolytic Bacillus amyloliquefaciens Strain SS35 from Rhinoceros Dung

2013 ◽  
Vol 2013 ◽  
pp. 1-7 ◽  
Author(s):  
Shuchi Singh ◽  
Vijayanand S. Moholkar ◽  
Arun Goyal
Keyword(s):  
Phylogenetic Analysis ◽  
Bacillus Amyloliquefaciens ◽  
Sole Carbon Source ◽  
Phylogenetic Analyses ◽  
Clear Zone ◽  
Biochemical Tests ◽  
Zone Formation ◽  
Gyrase A ◽  
Identification And Characterization

Cellulose hydrolyzing bacteria were isolated from rhinoceros dung and tested for clear zone formation around the colonies on the agar plates containing the medium amended with carboxymethylcellulose as a sole carbon source. Isolates were further screened on the basis of carboxymethylcellulase production in liquid medium. Out of 36 isolates, isolate no. 35 exhibited maximum enzyme activity of 0.079 U/mL and was selected for further identification by using conventional biochemical tests and phylogenetic analyses. This was a Gram-positive, spore forming bacterium with rod-shaped cells. The isolate was identified as Bacillus amyloliquefaciens SS35 based on nucleotide homology and phylogenetic analysis using 16S rDNA and gyrase A gene sequences.

scholarly journals Capability of Cellulolytic Degradation (BSD) Bacteria (CDB) to Remodel Organic Waste into Compost

2019 ◽  
Vol 6 (3) ◽  
pp. 490-499
Author(s):  
Eri Samah Samah ◽  
Misdawati
Keyword(s):  
Organic Waste ◽  
Design Method ◽  
Acid Soil ◽  
Acid Soils ◽  
Cellulolytic Bacteria ◽  
Clear Zone ◽  
Research Activity ◽  
Factorial Method ◽  
The City ◽  
Better Than

Capability of Cellulolytic Degradation (BSD) Bacteria (CDB) to Remodel Organic Waste intoCompost The purpose of this study was to obtain superior cellulolytic bacteria from acid soils as astarter for the degradation of organic waste in the city of Padang by testing the activity of cellulaseenzymes. The method used in the factorial method is the Cellulolytic Degradation Bacteria factorwith the Organic Waste of Padang City. This research was conducted at the Plant PhysiologyLaboratory and the Soil Science Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture. The research activity was begunby isolating the bacteria from acid soil, followed by testing the enzyme activity of the specific mediumof carboxyl methylcellulose (CMC) medium. Factorial Complete Random Design Method. The firstfactor was selected 3 isolates of cellulolytic bacteria, the second-factor main market organic wasteat of Padang and was two treatments namely unstable sterile (A) and nonsterile (B). The researchresults obtained 6 isolates of cellulolytic bacteria with a clear zone index ≥ 2, namely Km25,Sr. 75, Jm, U-6, G-8, and Km 13, respectively 3.12; 3.04; 3.0; 2.04; 2.00, and 2.04, and used forcomposting organic waste 3 isolates of clear zone bacteria ≥ 3.0 isolates of KM25, Sr75, and JMrespectively 3.12; 3.04; 3.01. Non-sterile organic waste is better than sterile due to the non-sterile,there is the help of battery change from the trash. Conclusion The best composting material is notsterilized, and better bacteria decompose the waste combined with the three isolates KM25, SR75,and JM.

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