scholarly journals The beginning phases of the early childhood caries (circular caries) - clinical evaluation of remineralization

2020 ◽  
Vol 66 (2) ◽  
pp. 3-10
Author(s):  
Olga Kokoceva-Ivanovska
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Clinical Evaluation ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
White Spot ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Primary Tooth ◽  
Fluoride Treatment ◽  
Pathogenic Factors ◽  
Childhood Caries

Early childhood caries (circular caries) can occur at an early age, with the eruption of deciduous teeth of the age of 1 to 1.5 years old. This is a multifactorial dental disease that has become a worldwide problem with high prevalence in recent decades. The purpose of the study was clinical evaluation of the remineralizing effect of the topical treatment, in patients with starting stages of circular caries. This study was conducted at the Clinic for Pediatric and Preventive Dentistry, Skopje, and included 117 patients of both sexes, with the starting stages of circular caries. They were aged of 1.5 to 3.5 years old, with a fully formed primary tooth. It was selected 61 patients with initial lesion – white spot and 56 patients with superficial form. From both groups 30 patients were treated with topical fluoride preparation, for a period of six months, applied once a week. The remaining patients had regular check-ups and instructions, but they did not undergo fluoride treatment. After the fluoride treatment, we followed the remineralizing effect, i.e. which initial lesions were reversed or where the intracrystal spaces were filled and the crystals were repaired after six months of topical application. In some patients who were able to satisfy other preventative factors, we were able to obtain a clinical picture of complete remineralization on initial lesion (restitution ad integrum) in vivo, approximately similar to a healthy tooth. How successful the remineralization will be depends on the predominant, protective, or pathogenic factors. Keywords: circular caries, early childhood caries, remineralization, initial lesion, white spot

scholarly journals Оral hygiene and fluoride influence on dental health in early childhood

2021 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 91-102
Author(s):  
Olga Kokoceva-Ivanovska
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Dental Health ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Fluoride Treatment ◽  
Before And After ◽  
Tooth Surfaces ◽  
Soft Plaque ◽  
Childhood Caries

Early childhood caries occurs immediately after the eruption of deciduous teeth. During this period, children are too young to be able to properly implement oral hygiene. Consequently, it is at a negligible level, with plenty of soft plaque on the deciduous tooth surfaces. The objective of this investigation was to determine the correlation between oral hygiene (shown with the OHI index) and the initial stages of early childhood caries: initial lesion (white spot) and superficial form, before and after local fluoride treatment. Material and methods: For determining the OHI index among our examinees we used the method of Green-Vermillion. It was determined in 117 examinees twice, during the first visit and immediately before physiological replacement of deciduous teeth. Patients were two to three years of age, diagnosed with initial stages of early childhood caries and fluoride preparate (amino fluoride solution) was applied once a week, for 6 months. Results: In 30 subjects treated with local fluoride treatment from both basic groups (with initial and superficial lesions), just before the physiological change of the teeth, we received a statistically significant improvement in the OHI index (p = 0.000038; p = 0.00006) at the end from the examination. Conclusion: From the conducted analysis of the obtained results, we can conclude that the level of oral hygiene is correlated with the progression of changes in the enamel. Oral hygiene and fluoride treatment significantly reduce soft tissue levels and improve the OHI index.

scholarly journals Importance of Deciduous Teeth: Maternal Perceptions and Early Childhood Caries

2017 ◽  
Vol 17 (1) ◽  
pp. 1-9 ◽  
Author(s):  
AM Castro ◽  
CGC Reis ◽  
JGF Costa ◽  
RM Alcântara ◽  
DCA Ferreira ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Maternal Perceptions ◽  
Childhood Caries

scholarly journals Prevalence of Early Childhood Caries in Children Aged 1 to 5 Years in the City of Quito, Ecuador

2019 ◽  
Vol 13 (1) ◽  
pp. 242-248
Author(s):  
Jenny E. C. Acuña ◽  
Karina M. S. Freitas ◽  
Rafael P. Henriques ◽  
Emerson F. Cruz ◽  
Maria C. R Binz Ordóñez ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Cross Sectional Study ◽  
World Health ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Dmft Index ◽  
And Gender ◽  
Health Organization ◽  
Childhood Caries

Background: Early childhood caries is an aggressive pathology that can destroy the teeth in a short time, reaching the proximal surfaces, causing discomfort, pain and affecting the dental pulp, causing premature loss of deciduous teeth. Objective: The purpose of this research is to determine the prevalence of early childhood caries in children aged 1 to 5 years of the Metropolitan District of Quito. Materials and Methods: This is a cross-sectional study including a sample of 557 children attending child care centers in Quito, Ecuador, between May and July 2018. The sample was evaluated clinically registering the data in a simplified dental file containing the odontogram and the result of decayed, lost and sealed teeth, according to the dmft index, as well as data such as age and gender. Data were tabulated and analyzed statistically by independent t-test. Results: The prevalence of early childhood caries was found to be 59.61%. Children affected by early childhood caries presented a mean age of 2.83 years, the ones suffered the most from this pathology were those of 2 years (35.54%), followed by those of 3 years (34.94%) and 4 years (22.5%). Boys presented more early childhood caries (53.92%) in relation to the girls (46.08%). Conclusion: The early childhood caries presented a prevalence of 59.61% and a general dmft index of medium level of severity according to the classification of the World Health Organization, in children from 1 to 5 years of age in Quito, Ecuador.

scholarly journals In Vitro and In Vivo Anti-infective Potential of Thymol Against Early Childhood Caries Causing Dual Species Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans

2021 ◽  
Vol 12 ◽  
Author(s):  
Arumugam Priya ◽  
Anthonymuthu Selvaraj ◽  
Dass Divya ◽  
Ramalingam Karthik Raja ◽  
Shunmugiah Karutha Pandian
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Candida Albicans ◽  
Streptococcus Mutans ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Galleria Mellonella ◽  
Biological Activities ◽  
Infective Potential ◽  
Childhood Caries

Early childhood caries (ECC), a severe form of caries due to cross-kingdom interaction of Candida albicans and Streptococcus mutans, is a serious childhood dental disease that affects majority of the children with poor background. The present study investigated the anti-infective potential of thymol against C. albicans and S. mutans dual species for the management of ECC. Thymol, a plant derivative of the monoterpene group, has been well known for its numerous biological activities. Thymol at 300 μg/ml concentration completely arrested growth and proliferation of dual species of C. albicans and S. mutans. Rapid killing efficacy of pathogens, within a span of 2 min, was observed in the time kill assay. In addition, at sub-inhibitory concentrations, thymol effectively diminished the biofilm formation and virulence of both C. albicans and S. mutans such as yeast-to-hyphal transition, hyphal-to-yeast transition, filamentation, and acidogenicity and acidurity, respectively, in single and dual species state. qPCR analysis was consistent with virulence assays. Also, through the invertebrate model system Galleria mellonella, in vivo toxicity and efficacy of the phytocompound was assessed, and it was found that no significant toxic effect was observed. Moreover, thymol was found to be proficient in diminishing the infection under single and dual state in in vivo condition. Overall, the results from the present study illustrate the anti-infective potential of thymol against the ECC-causing dual species, C. albicans and S. mutans, and the applicability of thymol in medicated dentifrice formulation.

scholarly journals Hubungan Oral Hygiene Habits dengan Early Childhood Caries (ECC) pada Balita Di Kota Padang

2020 ◽  
Vol 8 (1) ◽  
pp. 33-41
Author(s):  
Zhafirah Muharani Nasution ◽  
Reni Nofika ◽  
Susi Susi
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Dental Caries ◽  
Oral Hygiene ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Sampling Technique ◽  
Strong Relationship ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Oral Hygiene Habits ◽  
Childhood Caries

Dental caries is a disease of hard tissue of the tooth due to bacterial activities that cause loss mineral structure of the tooth. Dental caries that occur in deciduous teeth on children under 71 months is called Early Childhood Caries (ECC). Dental caries is still one of the most common dental and oral health problem experienced by children in the world. Some surveys in Cambodia and Indonesia show that a high prevalence and severity of ECC which was 90% in children aged 3-5 years. Oral hygiene habits were identified as one of the risk factors of caries. Some studies suggest that there is a strong relationship between the behavior of maintaining oral hygiene and the prevalence of dental caries. The purpose of this study is to determine the relationship between oral hygiene habits and early childhood caries on toddler in Padang. This study used cross sectional design. The samples of this study was 107 childrens aged 3-5 years in Padang. The location was selected through stratified random sampling technique and samples was selected through consecutive sampling techniques. Data was collected in Gunung Pangilun village and Piai Tanah Sirah village. Data was collected using a questionaires and intraoral examination. Data was analyzed by Chi-Square with p<0,05. The result of this study that there was a significant relationship between oral hygiene habits and ECC on toddler in Padang (p=0,008). The conclusion of this study was that oral hygiene habits is associated with early childhood caries on toddler in Padang.

scholarly journals The relationship between maternal nutrition in pregnancy and early childhood caries – a systematic literature review

New Medicine ◽  
2019 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
Author(s):  
Angelika Kobylińska ◽  
Dorota Olczak-Kowalczyk
Keyword(s):  
Vitamin D ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Maternal Nutrition ◽  
Risk Of Bias ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Manual Search ◽  
The Relationship ◽  
In Pregnancy ◽  
Childhood Caries

Introduction. Odontogenesis of deciduous teeth is dependent on the intrauterine environment and shaped, among other things, by prenatal maternal nutrition. Proper deve-lopment of deciduous dentition, formation and mineralisation of the enamel and dentin determines the susceptibility to cariogenic factors. The current knowledge of the effects of prenatal nutrition and supplementation on the risk of early childhood caries (ECC) is unclear. Aim. An evaluation of the relationship between maternal nutrition in pregnancy and the risk of early childhood caries (ECC). Material and methods. A systematic review of literature on the association between prenatal maternal nutrition and early childhood caries was performed based on both electronic and manual search through medical databases, i.e. PubMed, EMBASE and MEDLINE, which allowed to identify 6 studies meeting the inclusion criteria. The risk of bias was evaluated using the ROBINS-I questionnaire and a quality assessment of original papers was performed using the Newcastle-Ottawa Scale (NOS). Results. All analysed works were at a risk of bias associated with confounders affecting the intervention and interpretation of results. Four works were considered to be of good quality (NOS > 6) and two other of medium quality. Conclusions. An increased maternal intake of vitamin D, calcium, dairy products, yoghurts and cheeses in pregnancy is an important factor reducing the risk of dental caries in their children. The risk of ECC is increased in the case of vitamin D deficiency, low intake of calcium and a diet high in fatty acids and carbohydrates.

Evaluation of salivary nitric oxide levels in caries-free children and children with early childhood caries: An in vivo study

2016 ◽  
Vol 9 (2) ◽  
pp. 190 ◽  
Author(s):  
HarshaGope Assudani ◽  
ShivayogiM Hugar ◽  
Anuradha Patil ◽  
SumaH.P. Sogi ◽  
NehaS Dhariwal ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Nitric Oxide ◽  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
In Vivo Study ◽  
Childhood Caries

Analysis of Oral Microbial Dysbiosis Associated With Early Childhood Caries

2020 ◽  
Author(s):  
Hui Zheng ◽  
Teng-Fei Xie ◽  
Shao-Kai Li ◽  
Xiao-Tong Qiao ◽  
Yan Feng ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Illumina Miseq ◽  
16S Rrna Genes ◽  
Rrna Genes ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Microbial Dysbiosis ◽  
Significant Difference ◽  
Pcr Products ◽  
Childhood Caries

Abstract Background: "Core microbes" play a key role in the development of caries and lead to microflora disorders. Our goal was to detect the core microbes associated with the microbial flora imbalance in early childhood caries (ECC). Methods: Fifteen caries-free children and fifteen high-caries (DMFT≥10) children aged 4-6 years old were recruited according to the diagnostic criteria of caries suggested by the WHO. The 16S rRNA genes from plaque samples loaded in saliva were amplified by PCR, and the PCR products were sequenced by the Illumina Miseq platform. The sequencing results were analyzed by professional software to determine the composition and structure of the saliva microorganisms.Results: There were statistically significant differences between the groups regarding the relative abundance of S. mutans (Wilcoxon rank-sum test, P<0.05). No significant difference was found between the groups regarding other species or functional genes. Conclusion: Neither unique microbes leading to early caries in deciduous teeth nor characteristics of a microbial community with a disordered structure were found. Some microorganisms related to dental caries in young children were found, but whether these microbes were truly related or were false positives requires further verification.

scholarly journals Strategic Management of Early Childhood Caries in Thailand: A Critical Overview

2021 ◽  
Vol 9 ◽  
Author(s):  
Thanya Sitthisettapong ◽  
Parinda Tasanarong ◽  
Prathip Phantumvanit
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Oral Health ◽  
Strategic Management ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Community Education ◽  
World Health ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Atraumatic Restorative Treatment ◽  
Health Coverage ◽  
Childhood Caries

The aim of this report was to advocate early childhood caries (ECC) and share strategic management in Thailand, despite over two decades of free Universal Health Coverage including oral healthcare. The recent Thai national oral health survey in 2017 indicates the very high prevalence of ECC, with an average of three carious teeth affected in 53% of 3-year-old children. This is despite the efforts of the Ministry of Public Health that has launched several interventional programs ranging from an upstream policy that prohibits sugar additions in baby formula milk to downstream remediations such as advocating and encouraging toothbrushing with fluoride toothpastes. Nevertheless, ECC is strongly predicated by other key factors including the family and community commitment and participation, as embodied in the current World Health Organization guidelines. These encompass three different tiers of community-level prevention: primary, secondary, and tertiary. Accordingly, the following strategies for ECC management in Thailand should be based at primary care clusters (PCC) in sub-district health centers, with the assistance of inter-professional health teams. These include community education on the importance of deciduous teeth and effective toothbrushing with fluoride toothpaste (primary prevention), regular examination and detection of ECC lesions and early intervention (secondary prevention), insertion of non-invasive preventive restorations using cost-effective atraumatic restorative treatment (ART) or simplified and modified ART (SMART) (tertiary prevention), and, finally, effective follow-up and monitoring systems. It is anticipated that this triple tier approach to ECC management will improve not only the oral health but also the overall children's health.

scholarly journals Hubungan Riwayat Pola Mengonsumsi Susu Botol dengan Tingkat Keparahan Early Childhood Caries (ECC) pada Anak Usia 3-5 tahun di Kecamatan Kuranji Kota Padang

2017 ◽  
Vol 5 (2) ◽  
pp. 10-16
Author(s):  
Annissa Achmadsyah Gewang ◽  
Deli Mona ◽  
Arymbi Pujiastuty
Keyword(s):  
Early Childhood ◽  
Early Childhood Caries ◽  
Preventive Measures ◽  
Clinical Signs ◽  
Bottle Feeding ◽  
Deciduous Teeth ◽  
Type I ◽  
Cross Sectional ◽  
Feeding Duration ◽  
Childhood Caries

Early Childhood Caries (ECC) is a state of occurrence of decayed (cavities and non cavities), missing (due to caries), or filling on one or more deciduous teeth in children aged ≤ 71 months. Wayne (1999) divided the severity of ECC into three classifications based on clinical signs, causes, and age of the child namely type I (mild), type II (moderate), and type III (severe). The rate of caries incidence is increasing in children who consume milk using bottles. Clinical pattern to ECC caused by bottle feeding has a distinctive pattern, which is about four upper incisors, while four lower incisors usually remain healthy. This study aims to determine the correlation between the history and pattern of bottle feeding and the severity of ECC in children aged 3-5 years in Kuranji District, Padang City. This study is an analytical study with a cross sectional approach. The study sample consisted of 58 children aged 3-5 years with a history of bottle feeding for at least two years. Samples are selected through consecutive sampling technique. Data are collected using questionnaires and through examining respondents' oral cavity. Data collected are analyzed using Chi-Square Test. Statistical test result shown p < 0,15 for each pattern of bottle feeding duration in years, the time of bottle feeding, the addition of sweeteners, and preventive measures. P is valued as > 0,15 for bottle feeding method. There is a significant relationship between the history and the pattern of bottle feeding duration in years, the time of bottle feeding, the addition of sweeteners, and preventive measures with the severity of ECC in children aged 3-5 years in Kuranji District, Padang City.

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