scholarly journals Pengaruh Implementasi Ekonomi Islam Dalam Membentuk Karakter Masyarakat Yang Islami

2020 ◽  
Vol 2 (2) ◽  
pp. 182-204
Author(s):  
Ach. Khiarul Waro Wardani
Keyword(s):  
Social Sector ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Legal Basis ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Economic Action ◽  
The Past ◽  
Living Things ◽  
Human Value ◽  
The Social ◽  
Economic Practices

Islamic economy is in the middle of a developed society model which becomes a separate measure or barometer for practicing all transactions based on uluhiyah and insaniyha. As a representative of Islamic teachings that are able to provide benefits to all living things, Islamic economy is able to provide movement and influence on society in its economic practices. Islamic economics as part of the social sector tries to offer an economic action that is beneficial to all economic and social actors, which makes the existence of Islamic economics as a means of self-revolution from a capitalist concept that prioritizes personal gain towards Islamic behavior, namely prioritizing interests vertically (after all: God ) and horizontal interests (humanity). The implementation of Islamic economics emerges from a set of basic Islamic laws, namely: Al-Quran and Hadith as the primary law and the ulama's ijtihad as the primary legal basis. Prophet Muhammad SAW, his companions and tabi'i, tabi'in and scholars in the past and present are a reflection of the level of building a good relationship with the progress of Islam as a civilized religion and as a barometer for shaping an Islamic character, namely upholding the values human value. In conditions like this, when mankind begins to neglect their own brothers because of their own enrichment (capitalism) so that they become uncivilized human beings, then here God's lovers give an example which then influences humans to become Islamic humans through the means of preaching, namely the concept. application or implementation of Islamic economics.

Pre-Colombian Mesoamerica Childhoods

2022 ◽  
Keyword(s):  
Material Culture ◽  
Social Identities ◽  
Health Conditions ◽  
Archaeological Research ◽  
Archaeological Record ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Cultural Specificity ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Realm

Research on pre-Columbian childhood refers to all those studies that consider the different evidence and expressions of children in Mesoamerica, prior to the Spanish invasion in the 16th century. Archaeology, understandably by its very focus, has been one of the most prolific disciplines that has approached this subject of study. Currently, archaeological research focuses on highlighting the different social experiences of the past (or multi-vocality) of social identities, such as gender and childhood, and its relationship with material culture. In addition, archaeologists recognize a modern stereotype that considers children as passive or dependent beings and therefore biases childhood research in the past. Consequently, it is necessary to critically evaluate the cultural specificity of past childhood since each culture has its own way of considering that stage of the life cycle. Another problem, in the archaeological study of childhood, is to consider that children are not socially important individuals. It has been said that their activities are not significant for the economy or the social realm of communities and societies of the past. From archaeology, there exists a general perception that children are virtually unrecognizable from the archaeological record because their behavior leaves few material traces, apart from child burials. It has been since feminist critiques within the discipline that the study of childhood became of vital importance in archaeology to understand the process of gender acquisition through enculturation. This process refers to the way children learn about their gender identity through the material world that surrounds them and the various rituals that prepare them to become persons. Thus, the intent of recent studies on childhood has been to call upon archaeologists to consider children as social actors capable of making meaningful decisions on their own behalf and that they make substantial contributions to their families and their communities. In this sense, studies on pre-Hispanic Mesoamerican cultures have focused at the most basic sense on identifying the presence of children in the archaeological record or ethnohistoric sources. Its aim has been to document the different social ages that make up childhood, the ritual importance of Mesoamerican children, funerary practices, and health conditions marked in children’s bones as well as the different material and identity expressions of childhood through art and its associated material culture.

scholarly journals Witnessing, Remembering, and Testifying: Why the Past Is Special for Human Beings

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (2) ◽  
pp. 428-443 ◽  
Author(s):  
Johannes B. Mahr ◽  
Gergely Csibra
Keyword(s):  
Episodic Memory ◽  
Social Effects ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social

The past is undeniably special for human beings. To a large extent, both individuals and collectives define themselves through history. Moreover, humans seem to have a special way of cognitively representing the past: episodic memory. As opposed to other ways of representing knowledge, remembering the past in episodic memory brings with it the ability to become a witness. Episodic memory allows us to determine what of our knowledge about the past comes from our own experience and thereby what parts of the past we can give testimony about. In this article, we aim to give an account of the special status of the past by asking why humans have developed the ability to give testimony about it. We argue that the past is special for human beings because it is regularly, and often principally, the only thing that can determine present social realities such as commitments, entitlements, and obligations. Because the social effects of the past often do not leave physical traces behind, remembering the past and the ability to bear testimony it brings is necessary for coordinating social realities with other individuals.

scholarly journals ”Jeg kan godt sige ”innovativ” – jeg siger det tit”. Begrænser innovationsdiskursen innovation i praksis?

2012 ◽  
Vol 23 (4) ◽  
pp. 31-52 ◽  
Author(s):  
Charlotte Wegener
Keyword(s):  
Health Care ◽  
Welfare State ◽  
Key Words ◽  
Elder Care ◽  
Social Sector ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Parallel Processes ◽  
Care Workers ◽  
The Social ◽  
Economic Constraints

Innovationsbegrebet er centralt i debatten om fremtidens velfærdssamfund, og innovation fremstår nu som et imperativ for både samfund og arbejdspladser. Men hvad betyder innovation i en offentlig kontekst egentlig, og hvilken betydning har innovationsimperativet for aktører i deres daglige praksis på offentlige arbejdspladser? Fra et empirisk perspektiv udfolder artiklen en begrebsanalyse af innovation og viser, hvordan innovationsbegrebets betydninger skabes gennem lokale aktørers diskurser. Fra et demokratiseringsperspektiv argumenteres efterfølgende for, at lokale aktørers perspektiver på innovation skal ses som en konstruktiv ressource, der kan bidrage til bæredygtig udvikling i praksis. ENGELSK ABSTRACT: Charlotte Wegener: Does Innovation Discourse Restrict Innovation? The elder care sector in Denmark is one of the main welfare state areas in which innovation is on the agenda. Economic constraints, demographic changes including more elderly and reduced budgets are the arguments advanced by politicians and public opinions leaders for adopting a radically new way of thinking. If this does not happen, they argue, quality and ethics – and consequently citizens and staff – will suffer unnecessarily. The solution promulgated is innovation. This article investigates the ways in which the innovation discourse unfolds on the practice-based level – among students and staff in the elder care sector and at the social and health care college, which trains care workers. It examines the discourses among employees, managers and students who are supposed to be innovative and take part in implementation of innovative changes within their organization or in cross-organizational collaboration in social and health care and education. It asks whether innovation discourse facilitates innovation. The article concludes that the actors are engaged in the concept of innovation; however, there is a tendency to invest this engagement into producing more discourse. Meanwhile changes in the social sector proceed in parallel processes with no interaction with, or even in opposition to the innovation discourse. Key words: Public innovation, discourse, social actors, the social and health care sector.

scholarly journals The October 2019 Protests in Lebanon: Between Contention and Reproduction

2013 ◽  
Vol 1 (1) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marie-Noëlle Abiyaghi ◽  
Léa Yammine
Keyword(s):  
Power Sharing ◽  
Left Wing ◽  
Conceptual Approach ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Geographical Spread ◽  
The Social ◽  
Longitudinal Approach ◽  
Political Structures

The Lebanese power sharing consociational system has structurally engendered recurring protest cycles: student mobilisations, labour and union mobilising, left-wing collectives, as well as a more routinised associative sector. In a long temporality, and looking at these movements in a longitudinal approach, changes they appear to be seeking appear to be marginal or quite limited, which may lead to the observation that contentious movements play the role of mere relief outlet within the system they are challenging, hence, contributing to the permanence of the social and political structures they are challenging. The past year has witnessed the emergence of a mobilisation cycle in the country that displays a continuity with previous forms of organising, although unprecedented in terms of its geographical spread over the territory. To understand how this current protest cycle unfolds, its dynamics, and limits, we propose to consider how social actors “move” in a contested, competitive, ever-shifting and evolving arena, rather than a homogeneous one. We rely on a three-fold conceptual approach that focuses on the analysis of the interactions and dynamics between actors, and the strategies they employ: persuasion, coercion, and retribution.

scholarly journals Membaca Semangat Hermeneutika Hanafi

MELINTAS ◽  
2015 ◽  
Vol 31 (1) ◽  
pp. 63
Author(s):  
Masmuni Mahatma
Keyword(s):  
Social Reality ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Communal Life ◽  
The Past ◽  
Sacred Values ◽  
The Social ◽  
The World ◽  
Social Dynamic

Alquran cannot be detached from the chain of history accompanying it. Alquran has always been associated with sacred values it contains. That is it’s <em>fitrah</em>. Hasan Hanafi, born in Cairo, develops a unique hermeneutics to view Alquran as revelation. In safeguarding the originality of the Scripture as much as possible, the potential of reason and thought cannot be avoided as well. For the Scripture is an ideal ‘mirror’ of the expressions of the reality in life together with all the social dynamic continuously approaching the believers. Without the involvement of reason and thought the Scripture might not be so much different from an ‘inscription’, which is passive, cold, and barely engendering things characterised as dialogical and productive. Viewed in its process of descent to human beings, the scriptural revelation is not something suddenly flying and drifting without reason. The revelation is closely related with the reality (of the past) tied up together by Allah. Each verse or set of verses in the Scripture has mirrored solution to particular problem in the banality of individual and communal life. The Scripture is not simply a ‘text’, for it is always breathing ‘context’. By having context, the Scripture cannot be uncoupled from the social reality of the believers who put their trust in it. The Scripture is a text merging with context, which in turn illuminates the believers all around the world.<br /><br />

scholarly journals The possible as a field of inquiry

2018 ◽  
Vol 14 (3) ◽  
pp. 519-530 ◽  
Author(s):  
Vlad Petre Glăveanu
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Cognitive Processes ◽  
Social Ontology ◽  
Counterfactual Thinking ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Future ◽  
Field Of Inquiry ◽  
Made In

In this editorial I introduce the possible as an emerging field of inquiry in psychology and related disciplines. Over the past decades, significant advances have been made in connected areas – counterfactual thinking, anticipation, prospection, imagination and creativity, etc. – and several calls have been formulated in the social sciences to study human beings and societies as systems that are open to possibility and to the future. However, engaging with the possible, in the sense of both becoming aware of it and actively exploring it, represents a subject in need of further theoretical elaboration. In this paper, I review several existing approaches to the possible before briefly outlining a new, sociocultural account. While the former are focused on cognitive processes and uphold the old dichotomy between the possible and the actual or real, the latter grows out of a social ontology grounded in notions of difference, positions, perspectives, reflexivity, and dialogue. In the end, I argue that a better understanding of the possible can help us cultivate it in both mind and society.

scholarly journals Imágenes y Memoria: El uso social de las fotografías en la reelaboración de un pasado comunitário

ILUMINURAS ◽  
2012 ◽  
Vol 13 (30) ◽  
Author(s):  
Marcela Brac
Keyword(s):  
Social Construction ◽  
Historical Background ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
The Past ◽  
Palabras Clave ◽  
The Social ◽  
Social Use ◽  
Social Uses

En este texto se reflexiona sobre: los usos sociales de la fotografía en la construcción social del pasado de Villa Guillermina, comunidad de origen foresto-industrial. Se aborda el tema considerando: antecedentes históricos involucrados, contexto de emergencia de dichas memorias, y público receptor. Se analiza la tensión, que generan las memorias contrapuestas, sobre un pasado comunitario. Y se observan las estrategias utilizadas por los actores sociales para resolver, en la práctica, el dilema de las memorias disidentes. En este sentido se observa, en el Museo, cómo se expresa este conflicto con las fotografías, presentes y ausentes, las cuales orientan el relato sobre ese pasado comunitario. Palabras clave: Museo. Fotografías. Memorias. Conflicto. Turismo.   Images and Memory: The social use of photographs in the re-elaboration of a common past   Abstract   In this text we reflect on the social uses of photography in the social construction of the past at Villa Guillermina, a community of forest-industrial origin. We address the topic considering the historical background, the context for the emergency of such memories, and the recipient public. We analyze the tension created by opposed memories in the re-elaboration of the past. And we observe the strategies used by social actors to solve, in practice, the dilemma of dissenting memories. In this sense, we observe how the conflict appears in the photographic exhibition presented at the Museum. Keywords: Museum. Photographs. Memories. Conflict. Tourism.

scholarly journals THE CRISIS OF ECONOMICS AND FOR SEARCH OF THE NEW PARADIGM

2018 ◽  
pp. 15-27
Author(s):  
VLADIMER PAPAVA
Keyword(s):  
Social Sciences ◽  
Political Science ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Economic Study ◽  
New Paradigm ◽  
Economic Theories ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
Economic Reality ◽  
Economic Studies

The article analyzes the crisis in the economics, its primary causes and its manifestations. It shows how traditional economics “turns a blind eye” to many significant aspects of economic reality. Within this crisis, the economy lags behind the economic reality and so various economic theories are used to attempt to interpret the economic phenomena. Some of the clearest examples of economies falling outside of reality are seen in the transition economies of the post-Communist period on their way to a market economy as well as the events of the global financial and economic crisis in 2007-2009. The most recent example of the crisis in economics is cryptocurrency which has already spread over almost the entire world over the past several years but which has not yet become a topic of systematic study in economics. In order to overcome the crisis situation in economics, it will be of utmost importance as to how well the human factor is reflected in economic studies and to what extent it will be approximated to the behavior that is characteristic of human beings in reality. For this purpose, economists must apply the knowledge about human nature that has been amassed in the field of social sciences such as philosophy, psychology, law and political science. For the development of economics and for its relevant transformation, the conditions referred to in the traditionally used phrase “other things equal” (“ceritasparibas”) need to be minimized in economic studies. This will be possible if an economic study relies not only (and in certain cases not to a greater extent) on mathematics but also on philosophy, psychology, law, history, geography and political science. In this regard, economists need to conduct studies by expanding their scope; that is, along the lines set out by the above-mentioned fields of the social sciences. Given the variety of economic theories, seeking possible ways to synthesize them becomes of great importance and this will assist economists in perceiving a given economic reality in a comprehensive way.

Um estudo acerca da profissiografia e "identidades" de pessoas cegas: Vivências, desafios e acessibilidade

2021 ◽  
Author(s):  
Roselandia Maria Serra Verde Coelho Rocha
Keyword(s):  
Labor Market ◽  
Professional Training ◽  
Great Effort ◽  
Blind People ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Identity Recognition ◽  
Social Actors ◽  
Visually Impaired People ◽  
The Social ◽  
The Individual

The aim of this book is to contribute to a greater visibility of spaces occupied by blind or visually impaired people in professional training and in the labor market. Therefore, the focus is on the issue of the multiple identities of those social actors and the connection between the challenge of identity recognition and professional training and practice.This finding came from observations at the Associação Baiana de Cegos (ABC), from 2015-2018, in Salvador-Bahia. This institution has been mobilizing with great effort, since 1985, in favor of the training, qualification and referral of blind people to the labor market. The research corpus is formed by a set of data collected through semi-directive interviews, with a narrative focus and observations of everyday life situations in the research locus. When discussing about the social actors as “human beings as projects of being”, I emphasized the issue of subjectivities linked to the processes of professional training and I highlighted the paradigmatic overcomes. In this context, I outlined the individual and collective advances and setbacks, which are still challenging aspects for the inclusion and, above all, for the permanence in the labor process. At last, I understand that it is at least challenging to think that, on one hand, there is a labor market going through an unemployment crisis and, on the other hand, there is the issue regarding the remaining spaces for blind people in such a scenario.

Social being and cultural practices

2018 ◽  
Author(s):  
Keith Ray ◽  
Julian Thomas
Keyword(s):  
Social Life ◽  
Cultural Practices ◽  
Human Beings ◽  
Way Of Life ◽  
Hunter Gatherers ◽  
The Past ◽  
The Social ◽  
North Park ◽  
Material Things ◽  
Current Practices

Human societies are held together by relationships, conventions, traditions, institutions, and tacit understandings. These things are intangible, and while humans themselves are reproduced as corporeal beings, their societies are sustained by practical activities that continually recreate knowledge, customs, and interpersonal bonds. Just as a language would ultimately disappear if it ceased to be used as a means of communication, so the rules and routines of social life are maintained only if they are practised. The corollary of this is that societies are not fixed and bounded entities as much as arrangements that are continually coming into existence, works (if you like) that are never completed. But material things are also in flux, constantly ripening, maturing, being made, being used consecutively in different ways through their ‘lifespans’, eroding and decaying: so that the social and substantial worlds are as one in being in an unending state of becoming. Nonetheless, objects often have the capacity to endure longer than habits, rules, or affiliations. They continue to exist independently of human beings and their actions. As a result, old artefacts and places occupied in the past can serve to give structure to current practices and transactions, providing cues and prompts, or reminding us of past events and appropriate modes of conduct. Hunter-gatherers have generally lived a way of life that involves making continual reference to natural features and landmarks. Certain distinctive cliffs, hills, islands, trees, and lakes have represented places to return to, or at which to arrange meetings or encounter game. As such they will have been places of periodic resort, and were incorporated into collective history and mythology. Meanwhile, other places acquired a meaning simply because specific people camped there, or met there, or died there. During the Mesolithic in Britain, some locations seem to have been persistently returned to over very long periods of time. One example is the site at North Park Farm, Bletchingley in Surrey, which appears to have been visited sporadically over hundreds of years, although the structural evidence for this at the site was sparse, being limited to a group of fireplaces.

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