Evolution of the wedding in the Voroniaky region: in the footsteps of Oscar Kolberg and Osyp Rozdolskyy

Contemporary folk expeditions “retracing the footsteps of predecessors” belong to some of the most important and far-reaching research areas of folkloristics. Ethno- graphic materials representing different epochs from a geographic area can be used for comparative study. As a result, it is possible to consider evolutionary processes and external influences on oral traditions of a geographic area over a period of time. Thanks to the existence of ethnographic field notes of the traditional wedding ceremony in the Voronyaky region (Brody district, Lviv oblast) made in the second half of the 19th century, these processes can be observed and quantified. Collected by prominent collectors of musical folklore Oscar Kolberg (1814–1890) and Osyp Rozdolsky (1872–1945), these records of folk traditions are unparalleled in their his- torical and ethnographic significance in Ukrainian folklore studies. Not only do they establish a reference point to critically assess the collection of folk music of the previ- ous era, they also provide evidence of how the wedding tradition has changed in the region by comparing them to more recent field recordings. Thus, this study has several objectives. First, it examines the extent of ethno- graphic work completed by O. Rozdolsky and O. Kolberg in the Voronyaky region. Next, the methodological approach to collecting music is assessed, which determines how representative these materials are to the geographic area in question. The eth- nographic materials from different periods are compared to determine the structural, semantic, and repertoire changes of the wedding ceremony. Lastly, an analysis of the wedding ritual cycle as practiced in the Voronyaky region – its ethnography and melo- typology – is completed based on extensive contemporary field work of the region conducted by the author. A comparison of the collected folk song materials from different time periods shows the extent of the changes of the Voronyaky wedding ceremony, especially in its song texts, the order of rituals, its form, and content. While a trend of the simplifica- tion of the wedding ritual (e.g., the length of the traditional wedding is shortened from two days to one day), the process of how the modern wedding ceremony has been simplified from its previous practice is described. Similarly, the study shows how the repertoire of older wedding songs are performed less frequently or have also been shortened compared to earlier recordings from the last century. A similar tendency is observed with the melodies from the different periods in both quantitative and qualitative terms. A musical analysis and comparison of the melodies show a decrease in the total number of melodies performed throughout the ceremonies. Some of the melodies have been replaced by new ones, usually composed songs of literary origins associated with new wedding ceremonies. This simplifica- tion of the ceremony also affected the song forms themselves, which is most vividly expressed in the wedding chants and the recitative songs, which in more recent times have adopted more strophic forms.

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Hebrew-Catalan Medieval Wedding Songs: Satirical Functions of the Hebrew Component and Other Linguistic Aspects

Journal of Jewish Languages ◽

10.1163/22134638-12340071 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 166-202

Author(s):

Ilil Baum

Keyword(s):

Iberian Peninsula ◽

Present Article ◽

Spoken Language ◽

Oral Traditions ◽

Linguistic Repertoire ◽

Wedding Songs ◽

Wedding Ceremony

The Hebrew-Catalan documents of the Jews of medieval Catalonia have not been thoroughly analyzed thus far. The present article analyzes five unique wedding songs of the fourteenth–fifteenth centuries written in Catalan using Hebrew characters (edited in 1970 and 1974). In this study special attention is given to the humorous and satirical functions of the Hebrew component. This sophisticated use of the Hebrew component may imply more widespread oral traditions of parodic character related to the wedding ceremony among the Jews of Catalonia and the Iberian Peninsula. The notion of “Judeo-Catalan” is discussed in the framework of linguistic repertoire while demonstrating undocumented or rarely documented phonetic, semantic, and lexical features of medieval Catalan. The use of a different orthographic system allows for a written representation of the pronunciation of medieval Catalan, whereby the boundaries between the spoken and the written are blurred, creating a sort of a “written-spoken language.”

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In the eye of the recipient

Scientific Study of Literature ◽

10.1075/ssol.4.2.05rie ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 4 (2) ◽

pp. 211-232 ◽

Cited By ~ 3

Author(s):

Katrin Riese ◽

Mareike Bayer ◽

Gerhard Lauer ◽

Annekathrin Schacht

Keyword(s):

Pupil Diameter ◽

Methodological Approach ◽

Narrative Fiction ◽

Data Analyses ◽

Different Dimensions ◽

Literary Classics ◽

The 19Th Century ◽

Physiological Indicator ◽

Over Time ◽

Cognitive Dimensions

Plot suspense is one of the most important components of narrative fiction that motivate recipients to follow fictional characters through their worlds. The present study investigates the dynamic development of narrative suspense in excerpts of literary classics from the 19th century in a multi-methodological approach. For two texts, differing in suspense as judged by a large independent sample, we collected (a) data from questionnaires, indicating different affective and cognitive dimensions of receptive engagement, (b) continuous ratings of suspense during text reception from both experts and lay recipients, and (c) registration of pupil diameter as a physiological indicator of changes in emotional arousal and attention during reception. Data analyses confirmed differences between the two texts at different dimensions of receptive engagement and, importantly, revealed significant correlations of pupil diameter and the course of suspense over time. Our findings demonstrate that changes of the pupil diameter provide a reliable ‘online’ indicator of suspense.

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Transformation of the landscape of pre-industrial space in the multimedia depiction

Abstracts of the ICA ◽

10.5194/ica-abs-1-228-2019 ◽

2019 ◽

Vol 1 ◽

pp. 1-1

Author(s):

Dariusz Lorek

Keyword(s):

Nineteenth Century ◽

Spatial Information ◽

Field Work ◽

Research Area ◽

Topographic Maps ◽

Research Areas ◽

Industrial Landscape ◽

Level Of Economic Development ◽

Landscape Types ◽

The Town

Abstract. The issue touched upon in the research is connected with the interdisciplinary attitude towards the study of the constantly changing landscape in the nineteenth century Central Europe. Such interdisciplinarity results from the combination of the historical approach with the geographical attitude towards the examination of the past presented by unique cartographic materials.The aim of the research was to work out the method of employing cartographic sources and adapting other sources of spatial information for the study and presentation of the landscape transformations in the nineteenth century that occurred as a result of the industrialization process in Europe.Prussian manuscript topographic maps at 1&thinsp;:&thinsp;25&thinsp;000 scale along with early nineteenth-century maps depicting the pre-industrial landscape constitute a significant cartographic source of knowledge. Apart from city plans and other maps, also space descriptions, preserved statistical data, documents, inventories and archives were utilized as sources of spatial information. Photographs, postcards and prints depicting the nineteenth-century landscape were another relevant source of information. Moreover, the data collected during field work, e.g. pictures and short videos made in selected research areas, were also highly useful. The research was conducted, for example, in towns of Greater Poland of different level of economic development. A few types of settlement units were selected, i.e. the village, the town with a mansion (palace), the ‘Olęder’ settlement and the town.On the basis of maps and archives collected for the research area the multimedia method of presentation of landscape types and their transformations, with the employment of geoinformation tools, was suggested. That methodology of multimedia integration of historical materials allowed one to demonstrate consecutive stages of the transformation characteristic of the nineteenth-century landscape.As a result, it became possible to define landscape types for the areas of different level of transformation and preserve the pre-industrial state. Short videos consisting of several sequences that demonstrated the changing form of specific topographic objects, elements of the landscape from the nineteenth century till this day, were the effect of the work. On the basis of the nineteenth-century topographic maps that employed the hatching method for the demonstration of the relief the models of the terrain were generated, which allowed one to create the transition from the parallel perspective to the bird’s eye view that was employed to depict the pre-industrial landscape.

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The Study of Religious Customs and Traditions of the Nanai in Russian Science (Pre-Revolutionary Context) and the Experience of Their Systematization in the Literary Ethnography of Venedikt Mart

10.22250/2072-8662.2020.4.137-147 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 137-147

Author(s):

Kseniya A. Zemlyanskaya ◽

Keyword(s):

Material Culture ◽

19Th Century ◽

Russian Far East ◽

Far East ◽

Literary Form ◽

Russian Science ◽

Close Study ◽

Wedding Ceremony ◽

New Generation ◽

The 19Th Century

In the 19th – early 20th centuries, the Nanai were one of the largest Tungus-Manchu peoples of the Russian Far East. A close study of their traditions and customs began in the middle of the 19th century, when numerous ethnographic expeditions of researchers (L.I. Shrenk, R.K. Maak, K.I. Maksimovich) were sent to the Amur. First of all, the researchers were interested in the material culture of the Nanai, the issues of religion were touched upon in the mainstream of ethnographic research. In the last quarter of the 19th century, the attention of researchers was directed to the description of Nanai rites of passage (D. Kropotkin, P.P. Shimkevich). Scientific expeditions of the early 20th century were aimed at describing the spiritual culture of the Nanai and its reflection in material culture (I.A. Lopatin, L.Ya. Sternberg). The description of the religious beliefs of the Nanai was recorded as a result of the missionary activities of Blagoveshchensk and Vladivostok dioceses. In 1932, the former Far East writer Venedikt Mart published the story “Dere – the Water Wedding”, where he accumulates and systematizes the accumulated knowledge about the Nanai people in literary form, introducing certain elements of fiction. Despite the fact that Venedikt Mart writes about the denial of religious customs and traditions by the new generation of Nanai, nevertheless, the story itself is, in fact, clearly fixed at its core by the content of the wedding ceremony

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The missing Eusarcus: generic relocation of Pucrolia minuta, with synonymic notes (Opiliones: Laniatores: Gonyleptidae)

Zootaxa ◽

10.11646/zootaxa.4990.3.11 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 4990 (3) ◽

pp. 587-590

Author(s):

LUIS E. ACOSTA ◽

ELIÁN L. GUERRERO

Keyword(s):

South America ◽

20Th Century ◽

Geographic Area ◽

Deciduous Forests ◽

Valid Species ◽

Southern Brazil ◽

Brazilian Cerrado ◽

Systematic Revision ◽

The Core ◽

The 19Th Century

The harvestmen family Gonyleptidae (Opiliones), the largest one in the Neotropics (Kury 2003), is astonishingly diverse in eastern South America. The species-rich genus Eusarcus Perty, 1833, is characteristic for this area. It is the second largest gonyleptid genus (Kury 2003; Hara & Pinto-da-Rocha 2010), with a long taxonomical history beginning in the 19th century, when Perty (1833) described the genus together with four species. The number of species increased gradually in the 20th century through the addition of new descriptions and the synonymies of several related genera, with the corresponding species transferals (Hara & Pinto-da-Rocha 2010). Eusarcus is a relatively well-studied taxon that has undergone a thorough systematic revision (Hara & Pinto-da-Rocha 2010). Currently the genus contains 40 valid species, some of them cave-dwellers, with 32 species inhabiting the Atlantic rainforest and Paraná semi-deciduous forests (Saraiva & DaSilva 2016; Santos Júnior et al. 2021). The remaining species are peripheral to the core geographic area and are found in the Brazilian Cerrado, in Paraguay, or in the “Pampas” grasslands of Argentina, Uruguay, and southern Brazil (Hara & Pinto-da-Rocha 2010).

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Songs and Rituals of the Altai Mounting District from the Stepan Gulyaev’s Collection

OPERA MUSICOLOGICA ◽

10.26156/om.2020.12.1.005 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 70-100

Author(s):

Л.П. Махова

Keyword(s):

Russian Literature ◽

Title Page ◽

Altai Mountain ◽

South Siberia ◽

Wedding Songs ◽

Wedding Ceremony ◽

Folk Poetry ◽

Poetry Collection

В Институте русской литературы Российской академии наук (г.Санкт-Петербург) хранится рукопись С.И.Гуляева, которая состоит из пяти тетрадей: Песни обрядные, Свадебные обряды, Песни круговые, Песни девичьи, женские и юнацкие, Знахарство. В совокупности они составляют самый ранний сборник народной поэзии Алтайского горного округа. Некоторые тексты народных песен и заговоров, а также фрагменты описания свадебного обряда Гуляев записал на Алтае еще в 1820-е годы. Частично материалы сборника были опубликованы в 1848 году в статье Этнографические очерки Южной Сибири . Затем до 1881 года автор вносил в рукопись дополнения: новые записи текстов песен и заговоров, этнографические описания свадебного обряда. В тетрадь Песни круговые он вложил черновик статьи о выпускнике Санкт-Петербургской консерватории, оперном и камерном певце Иване Васильевиче Матчинском, выступившем летом 1875 года с концертом в Барнауле. К статье Гуляев приклеил титульный лист тетради круговых песен, после чего в письме сообщил М.И.Писареву об окончании работы над сборником народной поэзии. Позднее в тетрадь Свадебные обряды собиратель внес описание умыкания невест у крещенской Иордани, случившееся в Барнауле в 1881 году. Тогда же он написал письмо С.Н.Шубинскому с вопросом о возможной публикации своего собрания в журнале Исторический вестник . Не считая заговоров, в четырех тетрадях рукописи содержится 291 текст хороводных (98), свадебных (84), лирических (72), плясовых (16) песен, причитаний (3 свадебных и 2 похоронных), духовных стихов (15) и рацейки (1), из них 156 не были опубликованы при жизни автора. В приложении к статье приводится содержание этих тетрадей сборника с отсылками к публикациям. Некоторые песни из собрания Гуляева в 19662016 годы удалось записать с напевами во время экспедиций Московской консерватории в южные районы Алтайского края. The Manuscript Department of the Russian Literature Institute (St. Petersburg) keeps a Stepan Gulyaevs manuscript, consisting of five notebooks: Ritual Songs, Wedding Ritual, Round Songs, Girls, Womens and Mens Songs, Sorcery. Together they form the earliest collection of the folk poetry of Altai mountain district. Some of these texts, along with the description of the wedding ceremony, were recorded by Gulyaev in Altai back in the 1820s. Partly the material was published in 1848, in Gulyaevs article Ethnographic Essays of South Siberia. After that, until 1881, he was making additions to the manuscript: the new lyrics, healers spells, and other. Gulyaev enclosed inside the Round Songs notebook the draft of his article about the recital of Ivan V.Matchinsky, a singer and a graduate of the St. Petersburg Conservatoire. The recital was held in Barnaul in 1875. Gulyaev glued the title-page of the Round Songs notebook to the article and then reported in the letter to Modest I.Pisarev that he had completed his work on the folk poetry collection. Gulyaev added the Wedding Rituals notebook with the description of the bride theft that happened in 1881 in Barnaul. At the same time he wrote a letter to Sergey Shubinskiy with a question about a possibility to publish his collection in the Historical Herald journal. Besides the spells, the four song notebooks contain 291 lyrics of round songs (98), wedding songs (84), lyrical songs (72), dance songs (16), spiritual poems (15), and other. The contents of these notebooks are attached to the article with the references to the published lyrics. Some of the songs from Gulyaevs collection were recorded with melodies in 19662016 during the expeditions to the southern regions of Altai.

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Methodology for assessment of public health preparedness and response synergies between institutional authorities and the community

10.21203/rs.3.rs-24278/v1 ◽

2020 ◽

Author(s):

Daniel H. de Vries ◽

John Kinsman ◽

Judit Takacs ◽

Svetla Tsolova ◽

Massimo Ciotti

Keyword(s):

Public Health ◽

Data Collection ◽

Methodological Approach ◽

Effective Means ◽

Field Work ◽

Lessons Learned ◽

Outbreak Response ◽

Study Approach ◽

Rich Data

Abstract Background: This paper describes a participatory methodology that supports investigation of the collaboration between communities affected by infectious disease outbreak events and relevant official institutions. The core principle underlying the methodology is the recognition that synergistic relationships, characterised by mutual trust and respect, between affected communities and official institutions provide the most effective means of addressing outbreak situations. Methods: The methodological approach and lessons learned were derived from four qualitative case studies including (i) two tick-borne disease events: Crimean-Congo haemorrhagic fever in Spain, and tick-borne encephalitis in the Netherlands (2016); and (ii) two outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis (norovirus in Iceland, 2017, and verocytotoxin-producingEscherichia coli [VTEC] in Ireland, 2018). These studies were conducted in collaboration with the respective national public health authorities in the affected countries by the European Centre for Disease Prevention and Control (ECDC). Results: An after-event qualitative case study approach was taken using mixed methods. Lessons highlight the critical importance of collaborating with national focal points during preparation and planning, and interviewer reflexivity during fieldwork. Field work for each case study was conducted over one working week, which although limiting the number of individuals and institutions involved, still allowed for rich data collection due to the close collaboration with local authorities. The analysis focused on the specific actions undertaken by the participating countries’ public health and other authorities in relation to community engagement, as well as the view from the perspective of the community. Conclusions: The overall objective of the assessment to identify synergies between institutional decision-making bodies and community actors and networks before, during and after an outbreak response to a given public health emergency. The methodology is generic and could be applied to a range of public health emergencies, zoonotic or otherwise. The methodology emphasises reflexivity among fieldworkers, a relatively short time needed for data collection, potential generalisability of findings, insider-outsider perspectives, politically sensitive findings, and how to deal with ethical and language issues.

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Introduction

10.3366/edinburgh/9781474460729.003.0001 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 1-13

Author(s):

Mehrdad Shokoohy ◽

Natalie H. Shokoohy

Keyword(s):

19Th Century ◽

Field Work ◽

Present Condition ◽

Archaeological Survey ◽

Catastrophic Earthquake ◽

Stone Industry ◽

The 19Th Century

Bayana, were it not for its shortage of water, might have been the capital of India. Strategically located in south-east Rajasthan on the route from Delhi to Gwalior and the Deccan, it attracted the attention of the Muslim conquerors, who made it their centre of power, with buildings praised by no less than Ibn Baṭṭūta. Until the founding of Agra it was the centre for control of the region, with the rulers, often autonomous, defying the Delhi sultans. Agriculture and the stone industry dominated, with sophisticated craftsmanship, but after a catastrophic earthquake in 1505 and the population’s migration to the newly founded capital, Agra, Bayana declined to the point that by the 19th century the Archaeological Survey of India reports show it as a forlorn remnant of past splendour. The previous archaeological studies along with the scope and field-work of the present study are outlined, as well as the present condition of the area and the regions’ influence and importance in the development of Mughal architecture.

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Combining Satellite Multispectral Imagery and Topographic Data for the Detection and Mapping of Fluvial Avulsion Processes in Lowland Areas

Remote Sensing ◽

10.3390/rs12142243 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 12 (14) ◽

pp. 2243 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Giulia Iacobucci ◽

Francesco Troiani ◽

Salvatore Milli ◽

Paolo Mazzanti ◽

Daniela Piacentini ◽

...

Keyword(s):

Methodological Approach ◽

Field Work ◽

Network Evolution ◽

Landsat 8 ◽

Multispectral Imagery ◽

Economic Activities ◽

Topographic Analysis ◽

Climate Conditions ◽

Topographic Data ◽

Remote Sensing Techniques

Fluvial avulsion is an important process in the dynamics of the riverscapes and plays a key role in the drainage network evolution in lowland areas, also influencing past and present social processes and economic activities. Crevasse splays represent significant geomorphological features for understanding the fluvial morphodynamics in lowland areas dominated by avulsion processes. Within wide floodplains characterized by very low elevation ranges, the detection and accurate mapping of crevasse splay morphology and features, such as crevasse channels, levees, and deposit, can be very challenging considering floodplain extension, anthropic impact on the natural channels network, logistic difficulties, and in some cases, climate conditions that prevent field work. This research aims at improving the detection and mapping of crevasse splays in lowland areas through the combination of different remote sensing techniques based on optical multispectral imagery and topographic data derived from satellite earth observation missions. The Lower Mesopotamia Plain (LMP) offers a unique opportunity to study the avulsion processes because it presents numerous examples of crevasse splays, characterized by different sizes and states of activity. Furthermore, in this area, a strong correlation exists between the formation and development of crevasse splays and the expansion of agriculture and early societies since the Early Holocene. Different supervised classification (SC) methods of Landsat 8 satellite images have been tested together with topographic analysis of the microrelief, carried out based on two different 1-arcsec DEMs (AW3D30 and GDEM2). The results of this study demonstrate that the combination of multispectral imagery analysis and topographic analysis of the microrelief is useful for discerning different crevasse elements, distinguishing between active and relict landforms. The methodological approach proved helpful for improving the mapping of erosional and depositional landforms generated by the avulsion process and, in the study area, provided the best results for the active landforms.

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New Roles for ESP Lecturers

Beyond Language Learning Instruction - Advances in Educational Technologies and Instructional Design ◽

10.4018/978-1-7998-1962-2.ch008 ◽

2020 ◽

pp. 181-206

Author(s):

Mirela Bardi ◽

Laura-Mihaela Muresan

Keyword(s):

Professional Development ◽

Methodological Approach ◽

English For Specific Purposes ◽

Academic Literacies ◽

University Departments ◽

Teaching Situation ◽

Research Outcomes ◽

Field Notes ◽

Research Competences ◽

Multilingual Scholars

The pressure on multilingual scholars to disseminate research outcomes through the medium of English has generated the need for programs which prepare them to perform at internationally accepted standards. The task of helping researchers refine their academic literacies entails new responsibilities for language professionals in university departments. This chapter will explore the new roles taken on by English for Specific Purposes (ESP) professionals in Romania within the framework of an MA program designed to enhance communication and research competences of faculty in economics and business. The methodological approach adopted in this study comprises narratives and field notes provided by ESP professionals involved in setting up and delivering the MA program. The findings suggest that responding to the needs of a demanding teaching situation and engaging in interdisciplinary interactions provide both challenges and professional development opportunities for language teaching academics.

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