Temporal variability of soil chemical properties under conventional and silvopastoral cultivation systems

In recent years, agroforestry and silvopastoral systems have been gaining ground in rural areas, especially due to great acceptance by the population of products from locations that preserve the environment, being able to produce food and preserve the natural resources. This study aimed to evaluate the temporal variation of the chemical attributes of the soil in pasture areas managed with silvopastoral system and full sun (monoculture). The areas were evaluated in 2011, 2014 and 2017. Soil samples were collected at depths of 0-10 cm and 10-20 cm. Both systems presented reductions in the levels of organic matter over the evaluated period, reflecting the degradability of the material deposited in the soil. Nevertheless, it is worth mentioning that the silvopastoral system (SPS) was more efficient in maintaining the organic component when compared with monoculture, despite not maintaining regularity in the levels of organic matter in the soil. As for the other chemical parameters, there were also changes, especially related to phosphorus (P) and potassium (K). For P, low replacement via organic material from the pasture and/or native trees in the SSP system were observed, resulting in a marked reduction over time. As for K, the presence of the nutrient was critical in both studied systems and depths, showing low replacement through litter.

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Effect of Tillage System and Organic Matter Management Interactions on Soil Chemical Properties and Biological Activity in a Spring Wheat Short-Time Cultivation

Energies ◽

10.3390/en14217451 ◽

2021 ◽

Vol 14 (21) ◽

pp. 7451

Author(s):

Barbara Breza-Boruta ◽

Karol Kotwica ◽

Justyna Bauza-Kaszewska

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Biological Activity ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Spring Wheat ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

Organic Carbon Content ◽

Tillage System ◽

Short Time

Properly selected tillage methods and management of the available organic matter resources are considered important measures to enable farming in accordance with the principles of sustainable agriculture. Depending on the depth and intensity of cultivation, tillage practices affect soil chemical composition, structure and biological activity. The three-year experiment was performed on the soil under spring wheat (cv. Tybalt) short-time cultivation. The influence of different tillage systems and stubble management on the soil’s chemical and biological parameters was analyzed. Organic carbon content (OC); content of biologically available phosphorus (Pa), potassium (Ka), and magnesium (Mg); content of total nitrogen (TN), mineral nitrogen forms: N-NO3 and N-NH4 were determined in various soil samples. Moreover, the total number of microorganisms (TNM), bacteria (B), actinobacteria (A), fungi (F); soil respiratory activity (SR); and pH in 1 M KCl (pH) were also investigated. The results show that organic matter amendment is of greater influence on soil characteristics than the tillage system applied. Manure application, as well as leaving the straw in the field, resulted in higher amounts of organic carbon and biologically available potassium. A significant increase in the number of soil microorganisms was also observed in soil samples from the experimental plots including this procedure.

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A study of Soil Invertebrates community in a Date - Palm plantation in Baghdad, Iraq

Baghdad Science Journal ◽

10.21123/bsj.13.1.1-6 ◽

2016 ◽

Vol 13 (1) ◽

pp. 1-6

Author(s):

Baghdad Science Journal

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Direct Method ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Essential Elements ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Land Snails ◽

Soil Invertebrates ◽

Individual Number ◽

Significant Difference ◽

Physical And Chemical

Soil invertebrates community an important role as part of essential food chain and responsible for the decomposition in the soil, helps soil aeration , nutrients recycling and increase agricultural production by providing the essential elements necessary for photosynthesis and energy flow in ecosystems.The aim of the present study was to investigate the soil invertebrates community in one of the date palms plantation in Aljaderia district South of Baghdad, , and their relationships with some physical and chemical properties of the soil , as Five randomly distributed replicates of soil samples were collected monthly. Invertebrates samples were sorted from the soil with two methods, direct method to isolate large invertebrates and indirectly to isolate small invertebrates using wet funnel method. The study also included the determination of physical and chemical factors of the soil (Temperature, Salinity, pH, Organic matter, Humidity, In addition to the soil texture).Monthly fluctuations in physical and chemical characteristics of the soil and the total invertebrates community study site were determined. Significant correlations the of the invertebrates community and each of temperature, organic matter, and humidity were observed. The study revealed that the temperature of the soil ranged between 5 to 25 C0 , The salinity concentration ranged between 1.1-1.9 ‰, The pH values ranged between 7.3 to 7.8 and the percentage of soil moisture ranged between 15 - 25% , Soil samples were composed of 44.6 % Clay, 19.7% Silt and 35.5% Sand.A total of 4625 individuals of soil invertebrates belonging to 16 taxa were sorted , within which the adult and larval insects were the most abundant, and from them 1283 individuals were sorted , represented 28% of the total numbers, followed by Isopoda , which 1030 individuals of them were sorted, In addition to Nematode, Oligochaetes Annelids family Enchytraeidae, and Earthworms family Lumbricida, Species of Chilopoda, Diplopoda, mites, land snails and slugs. The highest total individual number were recorded recorded durim moderate temperature months, February, March and April amounted to 838, 801 and 813 individuals, respectively.A significant correlation was mated between total number of soil invertebrates and each of temperature, organic matter and humidity. The significant difference in means was calculated according to LSD test.

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Enzymatic Activity and Certain Chemical Properties of Grey-Brown Podzolic Soil (Haplic Luvisol) Amended with Compost of Tobacco Wastes

Archives of Environmental Protection ◽

10.2478/aep-2014-0029 ◽

2014 ◽

Vol 40 (3) ◽

pp. 61-73 ◽

Cited By ~ 5

Author(s):

Alicja Szwed ◽

Justyna Bohacz

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Acid Phosphatase ◽

Enzymatic Activity ◽

Podzolic Soil ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Biological Properties ◽

Test Plant ◽

Chemical Parameters ◽

Soil Material ◽

Light Soil

Abstract The paper addresses the effect of a compost prepared from tobacco wastes with an admixture of bark and straw on the enzymatic activity and certain chemical properties of a grey-brown podzolic soil amended with that compost. The study was conducted under the conditions of a pot experiment in which the soil material was collected from the surface horizon of the grey-brown podzolic soil. The effect of the application of the compost was compared with soil without such amendment. The test plant was maize cv. Kosmo 230. Fertilisation of the light soil with the compost studied caused changes in the enzymatic activity of the soil that were related both to the dose of the compost and to the kind of enzyme studied. With increase in the dose of the compost there was an increase in dehydrogenase activity (highest dose) and a signiﬁcant decrease in the activity of acid phosphatase. Moreover, it was observed that tobacco compost was a signiﬁcant source that enriched the light soil in organic matter, total nitrogen, and available forms of phosphorus, magnesium and potassium, which was evident in increased yields of maize grown as the test plant. Signiﬁcant correlations were also demonstrated between a majority of the biochemical and chemical parameters, which indicates that those parameters characterise well the biological properties of a grey-brown podzolic soil amended with tobacco compost.

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Soil fertility, organic carbon and fractions of the organic matter at different distances from eucalyptus stumps

Revista Brasileira de Ciência do Solo ◽

10.1590/s0100-06832009000300010 ◽

2009 ◽

Vol 33 (3) ◽

pp. 571-579 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

Geraldo Erli Faria ◽

Nairam Félix de Barros ◽

Roberto Ferreira Novais ◽

Ivo Ribeiro Silva

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Organic Matter ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Soil Layer ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Soil Surface ◽

Light Fraction ◽

Forest Residues ◽

Chemical Attributes ◽

Topsoil Layer

Knowledge on variations in vertical, horizontal and temporal characteristics of the soil chemical properties under eucalyptus stumps left in the soil is of fundamental importance for the management of subsequent crops. The objective of this work was to evaluate the effect of eucalyptus stumps (ES) left after cutting on the spatial variability of chemical characteristics in a dystrophic Yellow Argisol in the eastern coastal plain region of Brazil. For this purpose, ES left for 31 and 54 months were selected in two experimental areas with similar characteristics, to assess the decomposition effects of the stumps on soil chemical attributes. Soil samples were collected directly around these ES, and at distances of 30, 60, 90, 120 and 150 cm away from them, in the layers 0-10, 10-20 and 20-40 cm along the row of ES, which is in-between the rows of eucalyptus trees of a new plantation, grown at a spacing of 3 x 3 m. The soil was sampled in five replications in plots of 900 m² each and the samples analyzed for pH, available P and K (Mehlich-1), exchangeable Al, Ca and Mg, total organic carbon (TOC) and C content in humic substances (HS) and in the free light fraction. The pH values and P, K, Ca2+, Mg2+ and Al3+ contents varied between the soil layers with increasing distance from the 31 and 54-monthold stumps. The highest pH, P, K, Ca2+ and Mg2+ values and the lowest Al3+ content were found in the surface soil layer. The TOC of the various fractions of soil organic matter decreased with increasing distance from the 31 and 54-month-old ES in the 0-10 and 10-20 cm layers, indicating that the root (and stump) cycling and rhizodeposition contribute to maintain soil organic matter. The C contents of the free light fraction, of the HS and TOC fractions were higher in the topsoil layer under the ES left for 31 months due to the higher clay levels of this layer, than in those found under the 54-month-old stumps. However, highest C levels of the different fractions of soil organic matter in the topsoil layer reflect the deposition and maintenance of forest residues on the soil surface, mainly after forest harvest.

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Changes in physico-chemical properties of paddy soil due to water and fertilizer management

Asian-Australasian Journal of Bioscience and Biotechnology ◽

10.3329/aajbb.v5i2.53865 ◽

2020 ◽

Vol 5 (2) ◽

pp. 65-71

Author(s):

Israt Jahan ◽

AKM Abul Ahsan ◽

MMR Jahangir ◽

Mahmud Hossain ◽

Md Anwarul Abedin

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Soil Properties ◽

Bulk Density ◽

Total Nitrogen ◽

Soil Ph ◽

Crop Production ◽

Soil Health ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Physico Chemical

Soil physico-chemical properties are an important phenomenon for sustainable crop production and maintenance of optimum soil health. Hence, a laboratory measurement was conducted with soil samples of three years long experimental field of the Department of Soil Science, Bangladesh Agricultural University, Mymensingh to assess the changes in five selected soil physico-chemical properties viz. soil texture, bulk density, soil pH, total nitrogen and organic matter. The experiment was laid out in a split plot design with two water regimes (continuous flooding and alternate wetting & drying) in the main plots and five fertilizer treatments (N0 - control, N1- 140 kg N/ha as PU, N2- 104 kg N/ha as USG (2× 1.8 g/ 4 hills), N3 - 5 t CD + PU @ 140 kg N /ha on IPNS basis and N4- 5 t CD + USG (2× 1.8 g/ 4 hills @ 104 kg N/ha)) in the subplots under rice-rice cropping pattern with three replications. After three years, soil samples were collected at 0-5 and 5-10 cm soil depths for measuring bulk density and at 0-10 cm depth for other soil properties and analyzed. Results found that % sand, % silt, % clay, bulk density and soil pH was not changed significantly compared to initial status. Percentage of total nitrogen and organic matter was significantly affected by irrigation and fertilization. Total nitrogen (%) was higher in AWD whereas organic matter (%) was higher in CF practice. The highest total nitrogen (%) and organic matter (%) was found in N4 treatment in which USG was applied in combination with cowdung as organic manure. It can be suggested that N4 treatment was formed good combination for sustaining chemical properties of soil. Further long- term experimentation will be needed to know the changes in soil properties for sustainable crop production and improving soil health. Asian Australas. J. Biosci. Biotechnol. 2020, 5 (2), 65-71

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Research Note: Effect of tidal inundation on some chemical properties of soil of the Sundarbans (India)

Annals of Tropical Research ◽

10.32945/atr2929.2007 ◽

2007 ◽

pp. 137-147 ◽

Cited By ~ 1

Author(s):

Tanumi Kumar ◽

Monoranian Ghose

Keyword(s):

Ion Mobility ◽

Inorganic Nitrogen ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Ammonium Ion ◽

Available Phosphorus ◽

Tidal Inundation ◽

Chemical Parameters ◽

Available Nitrogen ◽

Properties Of Soil

Soil samples from twenty seven sites of Indian Sundarbans were analysed for some chemical parameters, These sites were divided into three inundation types namely, diurnal, usual springtide and summer springtide. The study demonstrated that most of the soil properties significantly varied with inundation type. Sites inundated by usual springtides exhibited lowest concentrations of pH, salinity (Sal), available phosphorus (I)), and exchangeable potassium (K), sodium (Na) and magnesium (Mg), whereas summer springtide inundated sites had the highest concentrations of Sal, organic carbon (OC), available nitrogen (N), Na, K and Mg. Highest level of P and lowest N in the diurnally inundated sites could be attributed to increased mobility of phosphates and denitrification or volatilization losses of inorganic nitrogen in the soils respectively, Highest concentration of in summer springtide inundated sites could be attributed to increased ammonium ion mobility in the soils.

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Assessment of the effect of abattoir effluent on soil properties cultivated with flint maize

10.36265/njss.2021.310307 ◽

2021 ◽

pp. 48-56

Author(s):

Abhanzioya M.I ◽

James T .V

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Crop Production ◽

Block Design ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Total N ◽

Randomized Complete Block Design ◽

Maize Variety ◽

Bacteria And Fungi ◽

Microbiological Properties

The assessment of abattoir effluent on the physicochemical and microbiological properties of the soil cultivated with flint maize was conducted in the Teaching and Research Farm of Ambrose Alli University, Ekpoma. The experiment was a randomized complete block design (RCBD) with five levels of abattoir effluent (0, 32 x 103, 64 x 10 3, 96 x 103, 128 x 103L/ha) and each was replicated three times. The effluent was collected and analyzed for its chemical properties, the number and types of bacteria and fungi before and at the end of the experiment. Soil samples were collected before planting and at the end of the experiment and analyzed for physicochemical properties as well as the number and types of bacteria and fungi. Maize variety; Samma – 38 was used as a test crop. Results showed that more bacteria and fungi counts were found in the abattoir effluent than in the soil. At 15 weeks after application, the plot treated with 64 x 103 L/ha of abattoir effluent had more bacteria isolated and the least bacteria count. The plot that received the 32 x 103L/ha had the least fungi count. The soil was slightly acidic except for the strongly acidic control. The soil after the applications of abattoir effluent was high in organic matter. Abattoir effluent increased the total N, K, Mg, and Ca with the highest recorded at the applications of 96 x 103L/ha and 128 x 103L/ha. Organisms such as Penicillium and Aspergillus spp were isolated, and these enhanced nitrogen and phosphorous fixation, thereby increasing soil fertility for suitable crop production.

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ETUDE SYSTEMATIQUE DE LA VARIABILITE D’UN SOL PODZOLIQUE, LE LONG D’UNE TRANCHEE DANS UNE ERABLIERE A BOULEAU JAUNE

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/cjss79-013 ◽

1979 ◽

Vol 59 (2) ◽

pp. 131-146 ◽

Cited By ~ 4

Author(s):

J.-L. BROWN

Keyword(s):

Grain Size ◽

Organic Matter ◽

Sandy Soil ◽

Sugar Maple ◽

Podzolic Soil ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Soil Morphology ◽

Morphological Variations ◽

Regular Cycle

In a 16.5-m long trench dug in a podzolic soil under a sugar maple-yellow birch stand, principal morphological variations have been studied and soil samples have been taken systematically. The study of soil morphology, combined with that of free Fe and Al and organic matter, for the first 10 cm of B horizon, shows the existence of nine statistically different changes in podzolization intensity along that trench. The coefficient of variation (CV) of principal chemical properties varies generally from large (> 30%) to very large (> 60%) so that except for pH, a large number of samples is required to estimate their means with a precision of ± 10% of that mean (α = 95%). As far as grain size components of this sandy soil are concerned, the CV is low (< 11%) for sand, larger for silt (24%) in B(10 cm) horizon and always large (> 35%) for clay, which is not very abundant. Since these soil variations do not follow a regular cycle, the choice of pedon to describe this soil is especially difficult.

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THE INFLUENCE OF BURNING ON THE SOIL IN THE TIMBER RANGE AREA OF LAC LE JEUNE, BRITISH COLUMBIA: II. CHEMICAL PROPERTIES

Canadian Journal of Soil Science ◽

10.4141/cjss59-002 ◽

1959 ◽

Vol 39 (1) ◽

pp. 6-11 ◽

Cited By ~ 9

Author(s):

J. D. Beaton

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Phosphorus Content ◽

Carbonic Acid ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Calcium Content ◽

Soil Samples ◽

Soil Chemical Properties ◽

Organic Layer ◽

Mineral Layer ◽

Soluble Calcium

The effects of fire on certain soil chemical properties were investigated on soil samples taken from the surface organic layer (O horizon) and the immediately underlying leached mineral layer (A2 horizon) from seven different burns and from corresponding unburned areas present within each burned-over area. Burning resulted in an increase in the pH, total phosphorus content, and CO2-soluble calcium content of the O horizon of most of the soils studied. As a consequence of fire, the O horizon was reduced in organic matter, total nitrogen and carbonic acid-soluble phosphorous and magnesium. Most of the effects of fire upon soil chemical properties were apparently restricted to the O horizon since no significant trends were evident in the underlying A2 horizon.

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Dynamics of the Physico-chemical Properties of Sediments along the Bandama River in the Department of Niakaramadougou, Northern Côte d’Ivoire

International Journal of Environment and Climate Change ◽

10.9734/ijecc/2019/v9i1230154 ◽

2019 ◽

pp. 739-750

Author(s):

N’Doufou Gnosseith Huberson Claver ◽

Kouadio Koffi Hypolithe ◽

De Lasm Omer Zephir ◽

Zogoury Eddie Constant Fabrice

Keyword(s):

Organic Matter ◽

Organic Carbon ◽

Chemical Properties ◽

Statistical Analyses ◽

The Other ◽

Eastern Shore ◽

Chemical Parameters ◽

Sediment Analysis ◽

Granulometric Analysis ◽

Physico Chemical

This work focuses on analyzing of physico-chemical properties of sediment affected by frequent floods along the eastern shore of the Bandama River in the department of Niakaramadougou. Sampling was from 4 excavated graves at two positions of studied area, one near the stream and the other one far away from the stream.. Samples collected were analyzed, including texture with granulometric analysis made by the Robinson pipette, and standard sediment analysis methods for measuring organic carbon (OC), nitrogen (N), and other chemical properties including pH, organic matter (OM), and C/N ratio. Statistical analyses were carried out to assess the differences between the physico-chemical parameters at different sampling areas. Differences are significant when comparing areas that are highly affected by floods and areas that are less affected by floods, especially for concentrations of OM, OC and nitrogen. Results show that successive floods are influencing directly the dynamic of physico-chemical properties of the sediments along the shore.

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