scholarly journals Production of kale seedlings on substrates containing proportions of organic compost

2021 ◽  
Vol 10 (8) ◽  
pp. e58010817707
Author(s):  
José Luís Trevizan Chiomento ◽  
Isabel Cristina Lourenço da Silva ◽  
Lourival Dantas Fagundes ◽  
Rafael Tronco Homrich ◽  
Nicolas dos Santos Trentin ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Aerial Part ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
The One ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Organic Compost

One of the difficulties in the kale seedlings production in containers is to ensure the production of aboveground biomass with a limited portion of roots, restricted to a small volume of substrate. Thus, we investigated whether substrates with organic compost added to it associated with kale cultivars interfere in the quality of seedlings produced in a greenhouse. Here, we studied two kale cultivars and five substrates. The experiment was designed in randomized blocks, with treatments arranged in a bifactorial scheme (2 x 5), with three replications. We carried out the physical and chemical characterization of the substrates and evaluated attributes of the aerial part and root system of the kale seedlings. The results showed that the substrate with the highest water retention was the one without the addition of organic compost. The greater the proportion of organic compound added to the substrate, the higher the nitrogen, phosphorus and organic carbon values. Seedlings produced in the substrate with greater water retention capacity had better performance in relation to the morphology of the aerial part and the morphology of the root system. We conclude that seedlings of kale cultivars associated with substrates with higher water retention have better quality. Seedlings of the ‘Gaudina’ cultivar stand out for their better phytometric morphology, while seedlings of the ‘Manteiga’ cultivar have higher quality of root biomass.

scholarly journals Quality of tomato seedlings produced in substrates

2020 ◽  
Vol 26 (1) ◽  
pp. 319-331
Author(s):  
José Luís Trevizan Chiomento ◽  
Gabriela Oliveira Cavalli ◽  
Thomas Dos Santos Trentin ◽  
Alana Grando Dornelles
Keyword(s):  
Root System ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Seedling Quality ◽  
Shoot Biomass ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Tomato Seedlings ◽  
Tomato Cultivars

A difficulty in the production of tomato seedlings in containers is to assure the production of shoot biomass with limited portion of roots, restricted to a small volume of substrate. Therefore, we investigated if substrates associated with tomato cultivars interfere in the seedling quality. In this study, the treatments used were two tomato cultivars and three substrates. The experiment was designed in randomized blocks, with treatments arranged in a two-factorial scheme (2 x 3), with four replications. We carried out the physical and chemical characterization of the substrates and evaluated the attributes of the shoot and the root system of tomato seedlings. The results showed that the substrate with the highest water retention was Horta 2® and the lightest material was TN Gold®. Still, seedlings produced on the substrate with greater water retention capacity had higher performance in relation to the shoot morphology and the root system morphology. We conclude that the seedling quality of tomato cultivars is not associated with the studied substrates and that seedlings produced in substrate with greater water retention have better quality.

Effect of Storage Time on the Physicochemical and Sensory Properties of Man-tou (Chinese Steamed Bread)

2007 ◽  
Vol 3 (3) ◽  
Author(s):  
Kun Sha ◽  
Ping Qian ◽  
Li-Jun Wang ◽  
Zhan-hui Lu ◽  
Li-Te Li
Keyword(s):  
Water Retention ◽  
Storage Time ◽  
Soluble Starch ◽  
Prolonged Storage ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Study Quality ◽  
Total Water ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Steamed Bread

In this study, quality of Man-tou, the Chinese traditional steamed bread during storage was studied. Values for water retention capacity, total water solubles, soluble starch, and soluble amylose and amylopectin of Man-tou decreased with storage time. Results showed that hardness, chewiness and gumminess of Man-tou increased, while, springiness cohesiveness and resilience decreased along with prolonged storage time (p<0.05). Sensory evaluation results showed that all sensory rating of Man-tou, including softness, stickiness, cohesiveness, elasticity, taste and total score, dropped drastically within 24 h of storage time (p<0.05). Differential Scanning Calorimeter (DSC) was used to determine crystalline structure of amylopectin in Man-tou, and the value for enthalpy of crystallization was found increased with storage time. Amylopectin crystallization was significantly associated to Man-tou firming (p<0.01).

scholarly journals Influence of fertilizer and hydrogel on physical-chemical attributes of substrate for seedling production

2019 ◽  
Vol 35 (5) ◽  
Author(s):  
Glauce Taís de Oliveira Sousa Azevedo ◽  
Anderson Marcos de Souza ◽  
Gileno Brito de Azevedo ◽  
Paulo Eduardo Teodoro ◽  
José Raimundo Luduvico de Sousa
Keyword(s):  
Water Retention ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Forest Nursery ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Physical Chemical ◽  
Physical Attributes ◽  
Chemical Attributes ◽  
Physical And Chemical ◽  
Different Levels ◽  
Different Doses

The incorporation of the hydrogel into the substrate used in the forest nursery promotes improvements in its physical-chemical attributes. However, several factors influence the hydrogel efficiency, such as the increase of salts, promoted by fertilizer of the substrate. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the effects of the incorporation of fertilizer levels and hydrogel doses on the physical-chemical attributes of a substrate to produce forest seedlings. Different levels of basic fertilizer commonly used in the nursery (100%, 50% and 0%) and different doses of the hydrogel (0, 1, 2 and 3 g L-1) were incorporated into the substrate Tropstrato Florestal®, consisting of 12 treatments in a 3 x 4 factorial scheme. A sample of the substrate in each treatment was sent for analysis of its physical and chemical attributes. To evaluate the effect of the treatments on the physical-chemical attributes of the substrate, was used the multivariate principal components analyses. The levels of fertilizer and hydrogel doses were correlated with the attributes of the substrates obtained in each treatment. The incorporation of different fertilizer levels and hydrogel doses to the substrate modified their chemical and physical attributes. Fertilizers have influenced mainly the chemical attributes of the substrate, whereas hydrogels have influenced the physical attributes, mainly those related to water retention capacity and availability.

scholarly journals Use of organic fertilization with irrigation in coffee production in brazilian cerrado

2020 ◽  
Vol 15 (5) ◽  
pp. 1
Author(s):  
André Luís Teixeira Fernandes ◽  
Eusímio Felisbino Fraga Júnior ◽  
Márcio José de Santana ◽  
Reginaldo De Oliveira Silva ◽  
Marcelo Moreira Dias
Keyword(s):  
Water Retention ◽  
Chicken Manure ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Brazilian Cerrado ◽  
Soil Water Retention ◽  
Organic Fertilization ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Yield And Quality ◽  
Productive Development

Coffee irrigation has increased in the main Brazilian coffee regions. However, in recent years, with climate change, years with water deficits greater than 150 mm have been observed, affecting the vegetative and productive development of the crop and also the replenishment of surface and underground springs. One practice that increases soil water retention capacity is organic fertilization. This work evaluated different combinations of irrigation and organic fertilization on the yield and quality of coffee produced in the Minas Gerais cerrado region. The treatments were: T1: total irrigation; T2: no irrigation; T3: total irrigation + organic fertilization (chicken manure, 10 ton ha-1); T4: no irrigation + organic fertilization (chicken manure, 10 ton ha-1); T5: 50% irrigation + organic fertilization (chicken manure, 10 ton ha-1). After 7 harvests, it was concluded that the treatment that combined organic fertilization with application of half of the necessary irrigation presented the best yield, superior to the treatment with total irrigation and exclusively mineral nutrition.

scholarly journals Effects of soil temperature and moisture on biological nitrogen fixation in soybean crop

2019 ◽  
pp. 1327-1334
Author(s):  
Evandro Ademir Deak ◽  
Thomas Newton Martin ◽  
Glauber Monçon Fipke ◽  
Jessica Deolinda Leivas Stecca ◽  
Luciane Almeri Tabaldi ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Soil Temperature ◽  
Root System ◽  
Azospirillum Brasilense ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Nodule Formation ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Soil Water Retention ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Soybean Crop ◽  
Temperature And Humidity

Soil temperature and humidity are the chief determinants for good nodule formation at the time of sowing and emergence. The aim of this study was to estimate the soil temperature and humidity range, at which the Bradyrhizobium spp., and Azospirillum brasilense may have the highest effect on root enhancement and development of nodulation in soybean. Two experiments were conducted, the first of which was done in the seed laboratory performing the treatments listed as non-inoculated; inoculation with Bradyrhizobium; root enhancers; inoculation with Bradyrhizobium + root enhancers; co-inoculation with Bradyrhizobium + Azospirillum brasilense; co-inoculation with Bradyrhizobium + Azospirillum brasilense + root enhancers, and assessed at temperatures of 15, 20, 25, 30 and 35ºC. The experimental design was completely randomized with distribution in a factorial. The second experiment was executed in a greenhouse, employing the same treatments affected in the seed laboratory experiment, but with the addition of non-inoculated control with mineral nitrogen. Tests were done at the soil moisture levels of 25, 50, 75 and 100% water retention capacity, forming a factorial 7 x 4 (only second experiment). All co-inoculated treatments induced the soybean root system to improve, in terms of length, volume, surface area and root diameter, exhibiting superiority to the uninoculated control in the 20 to 30ºC temperature range. The co-inoculation raised nodulation in the soybean crop, when soil water retention capacity was at the range of 56 - 96%, achieving higher means compared to the standard inoculation. The root planter added no improvement to either the root system or nodulation in soybean.

scholarly journals Photosynthetic metabolism and quality of Eugenia pyriformis Cambess. seedlings on substrate function and water levels

2014 ◽  
Vol 86 (4) ◽  
pp. 2039-2048 ◽  
Author(s):  
SILVANA P.Q. SCALON ◽  
TATIANE S. JEROMINI ◽  
ROSILDA M. MUSSURY ◽  
DAIANE M. DRESCH
Keyword(s):  
Water Retention ◽  
Poultry Litter ◽  
Water Levels ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Internal Concentration ◽  
Chlorophyll Index ◽  
Photosynthetic Metabolism ◽  
Dickson Quality Index

The aim of this research was to evaluate the quality and photosynthetic metabolism of “uvaia” seedlings (Eugenia pyriformis Cambess.) on different substrates and water regimes. The seeds were sown in tubes of 50 x 190 mm in the following substrates: Sand (S), Latosol + Sand (L + S) (1:1), Latosol + Sand + Semi Decomposed Poultry Litter (L + S1 + PL) ( 1:1:0.5), Latosol + Sand + Semi Decomposed Poultry Litter (L + S2 + PL) (1:2:0.5), Latosol + Bioplant® (L + B) (1:1), and the water levels assessed were 50, 75 and 100% of water retention capacity. At 60, 90, 120 and 150 days the seedlings were evaluated according to their chlorophyll index, leaf area (cm2) and Dickson Quality Index (DQI) and at 150 days their internal concentration of carbon (mol m–2 s–1), stomatal conductance (mol m–2 s–1), transpiration rate (mmol m–2 s–1), photosynthesis (µmol m–2 s–1) and efficiency of water use (µmol de CO2 / mmol de H2O). Until their 150th days, the seedlings had higher quality and photosynthetic metabolism when cultured with substrates containing latosol + sand + poultry litter on the two variations assessed and water retention capacity of 50%.

scholarly journals Carcass characteristics and meat quality of lambs fed high levels of spineless cactus in the diet

2021 ◽  
Vol 51 (4) ◽  
pp. 416-425
Author(s):  
S.B.L. Bezerra ◽  
R.M.L. Véras ◽  
A.M.V. Batista ◽  
A. Guim ◽  
M.V. Maciel ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Meat Quality ◽  
Dry Matter ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Carcass Characteristics ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Quadratic Effect ◽  
Quadratic Effects ◽  
Intramuscular Fat Content

The objective was to evaluate the effect of increasing the dietary inclusion of spineless cactus (Nopalea cochenillifera Salm Dyck) on the carcass characteristics and meat quality of confined lambs. Thirty-two male Santa Inês lambs with an average age of 140 days and an initial body weight of 20.4 ± 2.60 kg were used in this study. The lambs were housed in individual stalls for 70 days and individually fed a ration with spineless cactus included at 0, 241, 519, or 753 g/kg of dry matter (DM). The lambs were slaughtered, and characteristics of the carcass and meat were recorded and analysed. Inclusion of spineless cactus had a quadratic effect on the bodyweight at slaughter and on the empty bodyweight of the lambs. The inclusion of 500 g/kg of spineless cactus provided the highest predicted cold carcass weight (16.03 kg). There was a quadratic effect of the inclusion of spineless cactus on the weight of meat cuts and leg composition of lambs. The inclusion of spineless cactus did not influence pH, tenderness, and water-retention capacity of the meat. However, the intramuscular fat content increased 1 mg for every 10 g/kg inclusion of spineless cactus in the diet. Quadratic effects were observed of the inclusion of spineless cactus on the weights of the liver, heart, rumen, blood, skin and internal fat of the lambs. Up to 500 g/kg of spineless cactus could be included in the diet of confined lambs.

scholarly journals Extracción de Carotenos de Cáscara de Mango (Mangifera indica) con mezclas de Solventes y Extracción Asistida

Bionatura ◽  
2018 ◽  
Vol 01 (Bionatura Conference Serie) ◽  
Author(s):  
Sara Calderón ◽  
Edwin Vera
Keyword(s):  
Room Temperature ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Mangifera Indica ◽  
Extraction Yield ◽  
Soluble Solids ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Ultrasound Assisted Extraction ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Assisted Extraction ◽  
Physical And Chemical

The extraction of carotenoids with lyophilized peel of three varieties of mango was carried out as matrix: Tommy Atkins, Haden and Kent. The following physical and chemical characteristics were evaluated: color, humidity, soluble solids, pH, and water retention capacity (CRA). The Tommy Atkins variety presented the highest values of moisture, pH, soluble solids, and (CRA), while the Haden variety stands out in the content of ashes and total carotenes. It was used for the extraction of carotenes mixtures of hexane: heptane: ethanol in different concentrations where heptane was the solvent with the highest extraction performance of carotenes, with 27.24 % with regard to the method assisted by ultrasound. For the enzymatic treatment, we worked at a temperature of 35 °C, with two enzymatic cocktails with constant agitation for 30 and 60 min. The GRANOZYME PTE 100 enzyme complex had an extraction yield equal to 60.12 %. The ultrasound-assisted extraction (UAE) was performed in an ultrasonic processor for 10, 15 and 30 min at a power of 750 W, frequency of 20 kHz and a duty cycle of 60 % at room temperature. After 30 min, the highest extraction yields were obtained. The Haden variety is an interesting source of carotenes.

Phytotreatment of sludges (Phragmites australis) for their reuse in the environment

2011 ◽  
Vol 64 (6) ◽  
pp. 1233-1238 ◽  
Author(s):  
B. Ceccanti ◽  
V. Bianchi ◽  
R. Iannelli ◽  
E. Peruzzi ◽  
G. Masciandaro
Keyword(s):  
Avena Sativa ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Central Italy ◽  
Treatment Plant ◽  
Chemical Characterization ◽  
Point Of View ◽  
Lepidium Sativum ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Italian Legislation

The aim of this study is the evaluation of the agronomic characteristics acquired by a phytotreated sludge coming from a wastewater treatment plant (WWTP) located in Tuscany (central Italy). The chemical characterization showed values which are within the Italian legislation limits for mixed composts. From an agronomic point of view, the sludge did not present a level of phytotoxicity, as shown by the germination index (GI% = 77). Furthermore, pathogen compounds are inexistent (Escherichia coli &lt;1,000 CFU/g). Different substrates (obtained by mixing the sludge with sandy agronomic soil – 0.5% w/w, 1% w/w, 2.5% w/w and 5% w/w) were prepared in order to evaluate the best mixture performance in terms of water retention capacity and plant growth. No significant differences were observed for all sludge mixtures. Different plants were tested in plots (Lepidium sativum, Cucumis sativus and Avena sativa). The best plant adaptation, measured as dry biomass production, was observed for Avena sativa. The results obtained underlined that the phytotreatment of sludge can bring about the transformation of sewage sludges into organic products that are reusable in agriculture, if previously mixed with other appropriate materials and taking into account their heavy metal content.

scholarly journals Quality attributes and properties of surubim (Pseudoplatystoma spp.) meat

2015 ◽  
Vol 36 (6) ◽  
pp. 3957
Author(s):  
Letícia Emiliani Fantini ◽  
Jorge Antonio Ferreira de Lara ◽  
Ádina Cléia Botazzo Delbem ◽  
Thiago Tetsuo Ushizima ◽  
Jayme Aparecido Povh ◽  
...  
Keyword(s):  
Shear Force ◽  
Nutritional Value ◽  
Water Retention ◽  
Quality Attributes ◽  
Nonparametric Tests ◽  
Water Retention Capacity ◽  
Retention Capacity ◽  
Net Charge ◽  
Significant Difference

The aim of this study was to evaluate the quality attributes and properties of fillets from surubins (Pseudoplatystoma spp.) reared in cages and fishponds. The design of the study was completely randomized, with two treatments (cage and fishpond) and 16 replicates each. The fillets from fishes reared in cage and fishpond had a mean total weight of 134.71 ± 33.11 g and 151.56 ± 18.56 g, respectively. The following parameters were analyzed: pH, water retention capacity (WRC), color (L* brightness), (a* red), (b* yellow), and shear force (SF). The data were subjected to analysis of variance and the means were compared by Tukey’s and Mann-Whitney (nonparametric) tests. Statistically significant differences (p<0.05) were observed for WRC, SF, and pH variables. Only for color attributes (L*), (a*), (b*), no statistically significant difference (p>0.05) was detected between the treatments. A lower pH (6.17 ± 0.23) was observed in fillets from surubins reared in cage. As this is close to the isoelectric point of myofibrillar proteins, it reduces their net charge and, consequently, their capacity to retain water. Lower WRC of fillets obtained from fishes reared in cage (61.46 ± 1.62%) implies loss of nutritional value through the exudate released which results in drier fillets and compromised tenderness. In fillets from cage production, SF (1.06 ± 0.22 kgf) was higher than those from fishpond, i.e., the higher the shear force, the lower the tenderness of the fillet. On the basis of the observation that fillets from fishes reared in fishponds were more tender, this study confirmed that the quality of surubin fillets is influenced by the production system.

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